Effects of Urbanization by R.Dejito

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In the early 19th century, the United States and Great Britain had already become predominantly urbanized.

With the advent of


industrialization, the establishment of more enterprises and businesses, and plenty of job opportunities, people migrated from rural to urban
areas. Since then, many countries all over the world have seen urbanization rise at a phenomenal rate.

Nowadays, cities, and even megacities, continue to sprawl, many of which become centers of economic, social, and cultural activities.
Commercial buildings, factories, schools, malls, and residential subdivisions all converge to make up what seems like uninterrupted urbanization.
From an economic perspective, cities are considered as precursors to economic growth, and an increased population is essential in creating
wealth. However, rapid and uncontrolled growth inevitably leads to urban problems. As more people flock into the cities, overcrowding and
slums become major problems. Added to these issues are traffic congestion, increased crime rates, energy shortage, health and sanitation
issues, and environmental degradation. Urbanization has been a leading cause of environmental concerns such as the irreversible damage to
the ecosystem caused by converting lands into cities, poor air quality due to carbon emissions, poor water supply, and so on. Because the urban
environment is a key factor in determining quality of life, these issues hamper the true essence of urban development which is supposed to
make people’s lives better.

To manage the negative effects of urbanization on humanity and significantly reduce its environmental impact, planning, regulation, and
necessary reforms are important to achieve the true potential of urbanization. Given that systems and measures are in place, urbanization
would be a good thing for everyone. Some solutions to combat the evils of urbanization could include reducing air pollution by using alternative
energy and cleaner transport systems; implementing better waste disposal process; cleaning rivers and waterways; creating good housing for all;
planting trees; creation of jobs and value-added services; and involving the local community to participate in local government efforts.

Therefore, with the right mix of urbanization and control, the “urban” lifestyle can be perfect for today's modern people. The positive
implications of urbanization include better access to quality education, healthcare, cultural and social activities, and a cleaner and safer urban
environment. These can all make it a lot easier for people to work together in cities and contribute to achieving improved standards of living
and higher economic goals.

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