THE PERFECT

ELECTRIC FORKLIFT
TRUCK, WHATEVER
YOUR NEEDS.
Linde electric forklift trucks E12 to E50
LINDE MATERIAL HANDLING

 ELECTRIC FORKLIFT
T  RUCK SOLUTIONS FOR
 YOUR REQUIREMENTS
Choosing a Linde electric forklift truck not only provides you with an
exceptionally reliable and powerful truck, but also a package of services
tailored to your individual needs. After all, the better a forklift truck
meets the requirements, the more productive it is. Linde offers 40 different
basic models: from the lower-height container version to the forklift
truck for narrow aisles, which you can further customise for your particular
application. With the unique combination of a combi-steering axle
and the powerful dual motor front-wheel drive, your driver can even
turn the truck around on the spot.

If forklift truck availability, as in multi-shift operation, for example, is the

most important factor for you, then Linde’s lithium-ion technology offers
a powerful and flexible solution. The driver’s workstations are completely
ergonomic, so that your drivers can work in a relaxed and precise manner
even after long periods of use. Standard safety equipment and intelligent
systems such as the Linde Safety Pilot protect your drivers and ensure
efficient handling. With the Linde connect fleet management system,
you can network your trucks and utilise data analysis to further increase
the safety and productivity of your fleet.

A TÜV-certified performance test is evidence that a Linde truck is the most

economical solution for you. Plus, of course, you can rely on Linde service
around the clock, ensuring smooth servicing and repairs.

Over the following pages you can read how Linde’s range of electric forklift
trucks can make a vital contribution to your company’s success.

→  www.linde-mh.com 

2
LINDE MATERIAL HANDLING

FOR A SUSTAINABLE
VALUE CHAIN
For Coca-Cola European Partners, sustainability is an integral part of the growth strategy.
And in the Parisian suburb of Grigny – one of more than 50 Coca-Cola European Partners
production sites – this was the impetus behind opting for a Linde forklift truck fleet.
In addition to price, quality and service, Linde’s forklifts also impressed customers with
their low emissions, low fuel consumption and good ergonomics. The latter is particu-
larly important because Coca-Cola also attaches great importance to the well-being of
its own employees. As such, Linde’s trucks help Coca Cola achieve its high sustainability
goals more quickly.

4
LINDE MATERIAL HANDLING

Innovation

A PERFECT VIEW IN
THE REVOLUTIONARY
ROADSTER
Employees walk through the warehouse while order pickers carry loads through
narrow aisles: common practice in warehousing. In the midst of the hustle
and bustle of logistics, the forklift driver has a perfectly unrestricted view of their
environment. The work is completed quickly and safely. All because the driver
is controlling a Linde Roadster – the first electric forklift truck without an A-pillar
and featuring a reinforced glass roof, made possible by the ingenuity of Linde’s
engineers.

They used the tilt cylinders of Linde forklifts, which are located on the upper side
of the truck to reduce vibrations, as a connecting element between the cab roof
and the truck, allowing them to do away with the A-pillar. In combination with
the world’s largest panoramic reinforced glass roof, the Roadster offers unrivalled
all-round visibility and enhanced safety.

This means that nothing stands in the way of efficient and safe working with
loads from 2 to 3.5 tonnes.

NO A-PILLAR
In removing the A-pillar, the engineers have
delivered real innovation: their pioneering
work allows for a perfect view of both traffic
in the hall and the load.

PANORAMIC ARMOURED
PROVED GLASS ROOF
The Roadster’s optionally available panoramic
reinforced glass roof represents a world first in
forklift design.

ACCESS
In the A-pillar’s absence, an integrated entry
aid helps to facilitate access, while also serving
as a spare mount for additional equipment.

6
INNOVATION

7
CONTENTS

Diverse product range 10 – 13

A portfolio of more than 40 basic models in the common load
capacity classes from 1.2 to 5 tonnes offers tailor-made forklifts
for all requirements. The trucks can also be configured to suit
any application.

Drive and steering 14 – 13

Thanks to a unique combination of steering and drive, Linde electric
forklifts are particularly manoeuvrable and stable, and trucks with the
innovative combi-steering axle can turn on the spot.

Mast 18 – 19
A unique mast design makes load handling particularly safe.
Standard equipment such as the top-mounted tilt cylinders provide
even greater safety and comfort.

Safety 20 
– 
23
Linde electric forklift trucks include numerous safety features as
standard. Smart safety systems actively ensure that people and
materials are kept safe, in turn reducing downtime.
 Diverse product range
Drive and steering
Comfort and ergonomics 24 – 27
Linde trucks are well-known for their exceptionally ergonomic
designs. They ensure fatigue-free, efficient and precise handling
with innovations such as the rotatable driver’s workplace.

Mast
Energy management 28 – 31

Safety
Battery changing is exceptionally flexible thanks to a variety of different
options. Put to optimal use, lithium-ion batteries make forklift operation
particularly efficient and sustainable.

Comfort and ergonomics

Cost-effectiveness 32 – 35
Linde forklifts pay off, as evidenced by a TÜV-certified performance test,
which proves the high productivity of the trucks. As such, the trucks
play an important role in budgeting.

Energy management
Fleet management 36 – 37
Linde connect fleet management networks the trucks and allows
for driver-specific access control and extensive data analysis, allowing Cost-effectiveness
the fleet’s potential to be maximised.

Service 38 – 39
Fleet management

Linde’s service provides worldwide and round-the-clock coverage for

uninterrupted operation. It supports users by optimising maintenance
intervals and if necessary can even deliver spare parts overnight.
Service
LINDE MATERIAL HANDLING

The perfect electric forklift truck for every application

DIVERSE
PRODUCT RANGE
Best suited to the short transport of different loads, tight turning
manoeuvres in narrow aisles or loading and unloading of containers:
no two forklift applications are the same. And Linde’s range of electric
forklift trucks is just as diverse. With a basis of 40 different models,
trucks can be configured to suit any application, from the load-bearing
capacity classes between 1.2 and 5 tonnes, different types of drives,
battery capacities and charging options, to mast versions or a visually
optimised seating position. With the right configuration and a wide
range of Customized Options – i.e. application-specific solutions – the
selected truck can perform the tasks assigned to it quickly,
precisely and economically.

→  over 40 model variants

→  all common load capacity classes
→  special design and wide range of
Customized Options to suit any application

10
 Diverse product range
DIVERSE PRODUCT RANGE

The right size, no matter the task

BATTERY VARIANTS
In most cases, it is not only the lifting capacity of a forklift truck that proves
decisive for a specific application, but also the truck’s dimensions – and in turn
also the size and service life of the installed battery. For this reason, Linde offers
multiple truck types across an array of load classes with differing characteristics.
The following configuration examples of the E16 truck in the 1.6 tonnes load
capacity class offer just one insight into the wide range of differentiation options:

E16 C – the compact one

Perfectly suited to narrow aisles. With a working aisle width
of just 3,196 mm, the E16 C is the compact machine in this class.
The low entry height also makes getting in and out of the
truck particularly easy. Despite the truck’s compact dimensions,
the battery boasts a powerful 500 Ah.

E16 L – the bundle of energy

The long version of the 1.6-tonner is equipped with a larger
battery (750 Ah) while remaining the same height as
the compact model. This model combines the advantages
of stepless entry and exit with a longer battery life.

E16 H – the all-seeing

The high version of the E16 offers an even more powerful
battery (775 Ah) than the L version with a narrower working
aisle width. Another advantage is the improved driver’s
visibility thanks to the raised seating position.

E16 – the all-rounder

The most versatile forklift in this capacity range. It is as flat as
the C- and L-versions and therefore offers a comfortable low
entrance and exit height. At 625 Ah, it still has a powerful battery
and long battery life and, thanks to a working aisle width of
3,281 mm, it can be flexibly manoeuvred even in narrow aisles.

11
LINDE MATERIAL HANDLING

A solution for any load

APPLICATION-SPECIFIC FORKLIFTS

KEEP AN EYE ON EVERYTHING, SUPERIOR HANDLING

WITH THE BEVERAGE VERSION IN CONTAINERS
Seating heightened by 350 mm allows for a better view of the load, Linde offers forklifts suitable for containers in all load capacity
which in turn enables the driver to recognise obstacles more quickly classes. Thanks to their compact dimensions, they can easily drive
while still safely and efficiently carrying heavy loads. on standard containers.

UNOBSTRUCTED VISION SMALL DETAILS FOR

WITH THE ROADSTER LARGE LOADS
The Linde Roadster is constructed without an A-pillar and has From a load capacity class of 2 tonnes upwards, customers can
an optional panoramic reinforced glass roof, allowing it to offer choose between two load centres. The larger load centre of gravity of
unrivalled all-round visibility. 600 mm instead of 500 mm enables a larger residual load capacity.

12
 Diverse product range
DIVERSE PRODUCT RANGE

LINDE ELECTRIC FORKLIFT TRUCK OVERVIEW

Linde offers a wide range of electric forklift trucks in various load classes,
battery capacities and aisle widths as well as additional options for industry
and application-specific requirements.

Height Available
Load Available Available
Load centre Working above Available with in Available
capacity  / in in
distance Battery aisle width protected Li-ION battery comfort version as
load beverage container
(mm) (mm) roof (kWh) (+80 mm Roadster
(t) version version
Models (cab) (mm) headroom)

386 EVO SERIES: 3-WHEELED FORKLIFT/CENTRAL PIVOT AXLE/24 VOLT

E12 1.2 500 5PzS 575 (625) 3,040 1,970

E15 1.5 500 8PzS 920 (1000) 3,177 1,970

386 EVO SERIES: 3-WHEELED FORKLIFT/CENTRAL PIVOT AXLE/48 VOLT

E14 1.4 500 4PzS 460 (500) 3,177 1,970 13.1/39.2

E16 1.6 500 5PzS 575 (625) 3,281 1,970 16.3/45.7

E16C 1.6 500 4PzS 460 (500) 3,196 1,970 13.1/39.2

E16H 1.6 500 5PzS 700 (775) 3,332 2,130
E16L 1.6 500 6PzS 690 (750) 3,389 1,970 16.9/49.0
E18 1.8 500 5PzS 575 (625) 3,305 1,970 16.3/45.7
E18L 1.8 500 6PzS 690 (750) 3,394 1,970 16.9/49.0
E20L 2.0 500 6PzS 690 (750) 3,397 1,970 16.9/49.0

386 EVO SERIES: 4-WHEELED FORKLIFT/COMBI-STEERING AXLE/48 VOLT

E16P 1.6 500 5PzS 575 (625) 3,355 1,970 16.3/45.7

E16PH 1.6 500 5PzS 700 (775) 3,404 2,130
E18PH 1.8 500 5PzS 700 (775) 3,409 2,130
E20PH 2.0 500 5PzS 700 (775) 3,412 2,130
E20PL 2.0 500 6PzS 690 (750) 3,470 1,970 16.9/49.0
E20PHL 2.0 500 6PzS 840 (930) 3,520 2,130

387 SERIES: 4-WHEELED FORKLIFT/COMBI-STEERING AXLE/80 VOLT

E20 2.0 500 4PzS 460 (500) 3,638 2,080 24.1/60.3

E20/600H 2.0 600 4PzS 560 (620) 3,672 2,237 24.1/60.3
E25 2.5 500 4PzS 460 (500) 3,638 2,080 24.1/60.3
E25/600H 2.5 600 4PzS 560 (620) 3,693 2,237 24.1/60.3
E25L 2.5 500 5PzS 575 (625) 3,783 2,080
E25/600HL 2.5 600 5PzS 700 (775) 3,838 2,237
E30 3.0 500 4PzS 460 (500) 3,762 2,080 24.1/60.3
E30/600H 3.0 600 4PzS 560 (620) 3,700 2,237 24.1/60.3
E30L 3.0 500 5PzS 575 (625) 3,857 2,080
E30/600HL 3.0 600 5PzS 700 (775) 3,845 2,237
E35L 3.5 500 5PzS 575 (625) 3,911 2,080
E35HL 3.5 500 5PzS 700 (775) 3,845 2,237

388 SERIES: 4-WHEELED FORKLIFT/OSCILLATION AXLE/80 VOLT

E35/600H 3.5 600 5PzS 700 (775) 3,954 2,360

E40/600HL 4.0 600 6PzS 840 (930) 4,109 2,360 36.2/118.4
E40/600H 4.0 600 5PzS 700 (775) 3,964 2,360
E40/600L 4.0 600 6PzS 840 (930) 4,109 2,220 36.2/118.4
E45/600H 4.5 600 5PzS 700 (775) 3,984 2,360
E45/600HL 4.5 600 6PzS 840 (930) 4,109 2,360 36.2/118.4
E45/600L 4.5 600 6PzS 840 (930) 4,109 2,220 36.2/118.4
E50/500HL 5.0 500 6PzS 840 (930) 4,109 2,360 36.2/118.4
E50/500L 5.0 500 6PzS 840 (930) 4,109 2,220 36.2/118.4
E50/600HL 5.0 600 6PzS 840 (930) 4,109 2,360 36.2/118.4
E50/600L 5.0 600 6PzS 840 (930) 4,109 2,220 36.2/118.4

13
LINDE MATERIAL HANDLING

Powerful and agile load handling

DRIVE AND
STEERING
The narrow aisle of a warehouse: there are only centimetres separating
the shelves and the forklift. It precisely and dynamically turns on
the spot, taking the load with it. In one fluid motion, it completes the
transport to the HGV. Such manoeuvres are only possible with
Linde electric forklift trucks with dual motor front-wheel drive and
combi-steering plate axle. The unique combination of drive and
steering, in line with the different requirements of the forklift truck,
ensures that Linde trucks are agile and precise.

→  dual motor front-wheel drive with traction control

→  unique, patented combi-steering axle
→  optimal manoeuvrability and precision

14
 DRIVE AND STEERING

Oscillation axle
When it comes to axles, the oscillation axle is a classic, well-suited to a wide
range of different forklift applications.

Drive and steering

→→ stable against tilting due to high suspension point

→→ optimal low ground clearance due to large swivel range

→→ reduced tyre wear

Models available:
E35/600H, E40/600H, E40/600HL, E40/600L, E45/600H, E45/600HL, E45/600L,
E50/500HL, E50/500L, E50/600HL, E50/600L

Combi-steering axle
The patented combi-steering axle combines the agility of a three-wheeler
truck with the stability of a four wheeled forklift – the perfect solution when
both manoeuvrability and stability are the order of the day.

→→ axle stub can be individually rotated through 175°

→→ truck can turn on the spot

→→ the wheels do not rub when turning,

instead rolling gently without damaging the tyres
→→ reduced steering resistance and tyre wear

→→ increased tilt resistance

→→ reduced collision damage

Models available:
E16P, E16PH, E18PH, E20PH, E20PL, E20PHL, E20, E20/600H, E25, E25/600H,
E25/600HL, E25L, E30, E30/600H, E30/600HL, E30L, E35L

Central pivot axle

Linde three-wheel forklifts use a proprietary central pivot axle.
The forklifts are particularly suitable for applications where manoeuvrability
is a priority.

→→ optimal manoeuvrability due to 180° steering angle

→→ truck can turn on the spot in even the tightest of spaces

→→ drive wheels roll in opposite directions without twisting

→→ reduced steering resistance and energy consumption

→→ lower tyre and floor load

Models available:
E12, E14, E15, E16, E16C, E16H, E16L, E18, E18L, E20L

15
LINDE MATERIAL HANDLING

Dual motor front-wheel drive with combi-steering axle

AGILITY IN EVEN THE

TIGHTEST OF SPOTS
Combined with the dual engine front-wheel drive, the combi-steering
axle offers the two most important factors for efficient and safe forklift
operation: high stability and maximum manoeuvrability. The separately
operated front wheels rotate in opposite directions when the steering
angle is full and actively steer with it, while the rear wheels can be
turned by up to 175°. This enables on-the-spot turning while simultane-
ously protecting the tyres. The rear axle is particularly highly suspended
and improves stability by 30 % compared to conventional swing axles,
enabling optimal turning manoeuvres in tight spaces.

How does on-the-spot turning work?

The front wheels actively steer with
counter-rotating motions, while
the rear wheels are actively steered
by turning sharply, which enables
a small turning circle.
Direction of rotation
of the drive wheel
= forwards

Turning point

Direction of rotation
of the drive wheel
= reverse

Rotation direction

16
 DRIVE AND STEERING

Expertise in powerful drives

POWER AND CONTROL

– COMBINED

Drive and steering

DUAL MOTOR FRONT-WHEEL DRIVE
Linde electric forklift trucks use a powerful dual motor front-wheel drive as
standard. The advantage is that the drive axle is actively controlled via the
front wheels. All forklifts also have traction control. It distributes the power
to both engines individually, allowing for optimum traction power even if a
wheel is spinning on a slippery surface.

ELASTIC AXLE SUPPORT

The frame and drive axle of the forklift trucks are connected with maintenance-
free rubber-metal bearings. Equipped as standard, this material combination creates
a damping effect in several areas. This improves driving comfort, as the bearings
compensate for uneven road surfaces and reduce the noise level. At the same time,
shocks are felt less strongly by adjacent components, meaning less stress is exerted
on them.

CS20 CONTINENTAL TYRES

Another element of the driving power of Linde electric forklift trucks is the CS20
tyres, developed in partnership with Continental. Its L-shaped tread pattern improves
traction and reduces rolling resistance, while the closed shoulder flank ensures smooth
running and less noise. The low rolling resistance is the basis for high mileage and low
energy consumption.

17
LINDE MATERIAL HANDLING

Optimised for safe handling

MAST
Five metres tall, 600 kilograms in weight: A forklift truck places its heavy load
with millimetre precision, with only the faintest vibrations affecting the fully
extended mast. Linde electric forklift trucks have a special mast design that makes
load handling at great heights particularly safe. The tilt cylinders at the top of
the mast provide greater leverage and thus greater mast stability, meaning loads
can be lifted quickly and safely. Further mast features provide excellent
visibility and improved handling.

→  increased stability due to top mounted tilt cylinders

→  electronic end position damping
→  visually optimized construction
→  attachments adapted to the truck ex works

Wobbly stilts illustrate the principle of improved leverage:

The higher you lift them, the more stable they stand. And this is
exactly how the top tilt cylinders of Linde forklifts affect the mast.

18
 MAST

Shockproof and vibration-free

THE ART OF PRECISE MOVEMENT

The condition of the mast is one of the most important factors for safe and efficient
handling – one catered to by numerous equipment details in Linde electric forklift trucks.

MAKE THE MOST OF LEVERAGE

In Linde electric forklift trucks, the tilt cylinders on the lower end

Mast
of the mast are moved upwards so that they attach directly to the
stable structure of the roof of the driver’s cab. This ensures that
forces are dissipated through the forklift truck design. The longer
lever length also makes the mast stronger and more stable.

The result: Reduced vibration and torsion when stacking at

great heights. The driver can work more sensitively, safely
and quickly. The lower leverage forces also protect the material
and thus reduce repairs and breakdowns. The construction
also allows slimmer mast profiles that improve visibility. This
innovation has a significant impact on safety, performance and
efficiency of forklift trucks.

INTEGRATED SIDE SHIFTER

AND FORK POSITIONER
On request, Linde can integrate attachments such as side shifters
and fork adjustment devices into the truck ex works. This means
that the forklift trucks can lift the full load despite the additional
weight of the attachments.

ELECTRONIC END POSITION DAMPING

To make handling even safer and more comfortable, all Linde electric forklift trucks are
equipped with electronic end-position damping as standard. It gently absorbs movement
when lifting and lowering the mast, thus reducing jolts and noises as well as vibrations
and torsions. This in turn increases handling stability, protects the material and reduces
noise pollution for the drivers.

19
LINDE MATERIAL HANDLING

Efficient protection of people and materials

SAFETY
Today, forklift drivers must work ever faster, more flexibly and more efficiently.
Modern intralogistics demands a lot from drivers and trucks. As the demands
increase, so does the risk of accidents. This is why Linde electric forklifts are
equipped with a whole range of safety features as standard, which prevent
accidents or reduce the risk of injury in the event of an accident. In this way,
innovations from Linde help to protect people and materials and save costs.

→  safety systems as standard

→  protection of drivers, loads and environment
→  efficient load handling
→ numerous optional safety systems ex works
and as retrofit solution

OPTIMAL VISIBILITY AND SAFETY

AS STANDARD
Optimal visibility is a basic requirement for safe load handling.
Linde electric forklift trucks feature slim, nested lift mast profiles
thanks to the top-mounted tilt cylinder. A- and B-pillars have been
visually optimised. In addition, the driver can look past the load
from the side, thanks to a slightly offset seat. The Linde Protector
Frame contributes to passive safety. The solid roof and frame unit
forms a closed protection zone for the driver in the event of an
accident. Linde electric forklift trucks, for example, offer optimum
visibility and high safety during load handling as standard.
The optional use of an armoured proved glass roof further improves
visibility of loads and the environment.

20
 SAFETY

The truck that thinks for itself

L  INDE SAFETY PILOT

Human errors cause 95 % of all workplace accidents in material handling. Frequently
changing loads and parameters that are difficult to estimate, such as weight, centre of
gravity distance and the exact lifting height, make it difficult for drivers to handle them
in accordance with safety regulations. The intelligent assistance system Linde Safety Pilot
provides reliable support for drivers. The system displays the most important parameters
and actively intervenes in the handling of loads to protect people and the environment.
The result: safe and efficient intralogistics.

GREEN LIGHT FOR SAFE HANDLING

The colour display of the Linde Safety Pilot supports the driver with an intuitive traffic light
system. The driver only needs to check which of three colours is present in order to know
whether their load handling is safe. The diagram shows how the Safety Pilot warns and
intervenes in different situations.

Safety
RED: Critical area
Load capacity limit reached. Warning
max. 4,90 m tone sounds, truck controls turn off.

ROT: Kritischer Bereich

ORANGE:
Traglastgrenze Threshold
erreicht.
Warnton ertönt,
Load Fahrzeug
capacity limit almost reached.
regelt ab.
Lift and tilt speed reduced.
ORANGE: Grenzbereich
Traglastgrenze fast erreicht.
Hub-Neigegeschwindigkeit
GREEN: Safe working range
wird reduziert.
Unrestricted handling.
GRÜN: Sicherer Arbeitsbereich
Uneingeschränktes Handling.

ADDITIONAL ADVANTAGES OF THE LINDE SAFETY PILOT

✓✓ Pre-adjustable lifting height: reduces damage to ✓✓ Weighing and load add function: prevents overloading
shelving and speeds up handling. of HGVs.
✓✓ Lifting height restriction: prevents collisions in doorways. ✓✓ Adjustable speed limit: reduces the number of accidents
in high risk areas.
✓✓ Lower limit: reduced fork wear, especially on uneven ground.

21
LINDE MATERIAL HANDLING

Silent warning

LINDE BLUESPOT™
The Linde BlueSpot™ increases safety in areas where people and forklifts
work together in very close proximity. The LED light projects a blue warning
point onto the floor, eliminating the need for acoustic signals that are often
drowned out by other noise. This warns pedestrians and other forklift drivers
of approaching forklift trucks, significantly increasing safety both in the
driving area and at intersections where visibility is low.

THE LIGHT: SMALL, BUT POWERFUL

The Linde BlueSpot™ consists of two glare-free, powerful LED lights that project
a blue spot in front of or behind the truck, depending on the direction of travel.
For better visibility, the BlueSpot can also blink and can be set to a red light or
directional arrow. Despite the extremely high luminous intensity, LED technology
operates with low power consumption and only needs to be changed after
20,000 hours.

22
 SAFETY

ADJUSTED TURNING SPEED

Sometimes things move very quickly in warehouses.
The Linde Curve Assist ensures that the forklifts are still
safe when turning, even during particularly risky driving
manoeuvres. The speed while cornering is regulated
depending on the steering angle.

SAFE AT A STANDSTILL
Equipped as standard, the automatic parking brake ensures
that the forklift truck holds its position securely on ramps and

Safety
gradients, preventing the truck from rolling accidentally.
When the driver presses down on the accelerator pedal, the
brake disengages and the truck moves smoothly and without
rolling back. If the brake is released accidentally or because
of a fault, the truck brakes in a controlled manner.

OPTIMAL LIGHTING
Linde uses robust, bright and economical LED technology in both
its truck lighting and in the optional work lights. Thanks to an
operating time of up to 20,000 hours, the LEDs are particularly
reliable and economical. The light intensity of the LEDs provides
optimum illumination of the working areas around the forklift
truck, thus ensuring increased safety.

DOUBLE SAFETY
The standard electronic control system is the heart of the Linde trucks. As such,
the safety precautions here are high, too: all processors are redundant and monitor
each other. If the system detects an error, it automatically switches off to prevent
uncontrolled travel or lifting movements.

23
LINDE MATERIAL HANDLING

Optimally designed for the driver

COMFORT AND
ERGONOMICS
When unloading a load, the driver can control pinpoint-accurate lifting
movements with their fingertips. Their arm leans on the arm rest
which features integrated control elements of the Linde Load Control.
Thanks to the rotatable driver’s workstation, the driver has a clear view
in the direction of travel when reversing, without needing to twist their
body. This is how Linde’s intelligent solutions and individually adjustable
cabin components ensure an ergonomic workplace, forging a harmonious
union between the driver and their ergonomic requirements. For forklift
drivers, this means comfortable, fatigue-free and therefore efficient
working. Plus, absences on health grounds will also decrease.

→  ergonomic control layout

→  efficient twin pedal drive
→  sensitive control via Linde Load Control
→  individually adjustable unit consisting of armrest and seat
→  rotating driver’s workplace

24
 COMFORT AND ERGONOMICS

Functionality and comfort in the driver’s cab

THE ERGONOMIC
WORKSPACE
The driver is at the very heart of the workplace. Accordingly, all operating and
display elements of Linde forklifts are ergonomically aligned with the truck.
This means that they can be used with as little physical strain as possible and
support precise, safe and comfortable control.

Display Heater, air conditioning and radio

The display shows the driver all functions and safety para­­meters To ensure comfortable working conditions and depending on
at a glance. It is designed for intuitive understanding and maxi- individual preferences, forklifts can be equipped with heater,
mum visibility under all lighting conditions. air conditioning and radio.

Steering wheel and column Integrated storage facilities

The particularly small and easy-to-grip steering wheel with a The forklift trucks have numerous storage compartments
knob makes manoeuvring quick and simple. The steering column for working documents and the drivers’ personal belongings,
can be individually adjusted. ensuring a more orderly, tidy driver’s cab.

Comfort and ergonomics

Twin pedal drive
The patented twin pedal drive ensures particularly sensitive
and precise control manoeuvres. It is not necessary to move
the feet to switch between forward and reverse travel.

25
LINDE MATERIAL HANDLING

Linde ergonomic driver’s seats

CUSTOM SEATING COMFORT

Every driver’s idea of a comfortable workspace is different. Plus, the requirements
may vary depending on the application conditions: is the floor uneven? What is
the temperature like in the warehouse during the summer? How long are forklift
trucks shifts? For this reason, users can choose the right driver’s seat for them
from a range of different seats and adjust it individually.

Standard seat Comfort seat

The standard seat is suitable for the typical requirements of Compared to the standard seat, the comfort seat offers
forklift truck applications. The surface is made of resistant and additional features for comfortable and fatigue-free working.
dirt-repellent PVC. A 60 mm suspension spring for drivers Seat heating, a mechanical lumbar support and the shock-
weighing up to 145 kg and the vibration-decoupled cab make absorbing air suspension further increase seating comfort.
the seat extremely comfortable even on uneven surfaces.

Super-comfort seat Super-comfort Active

In addition to the features of the comfort seat, the super-comfort The Super-comfort Active offers a world first in the field of forklift
seat has air suspension for comfortable sitting. The back extension trucks: active seat ventilation for the perfect seating environment.
and the adjustable depth and inclination (from E35/600H) of the The activated carbon incorporated in the abrasion-resistant seat
seat cushion provide individual adjustment options. cover absorbs any moisture that may arise. This ensures that
the seating area stays dry, which is especially useful on warm
working days. The seat is available from model E35/600 H and
offers lasting comfort even under intensive workload.

26
 COMFORT AND ERGONOMICS

One unit: Linde Load Control and armrest

PERFECT HANDLING AT YOUR FINGERTIPS

When it comes to load handling, millimetres count. This is why the sensitive Linde Load Control allows
for intuitive control of the lifting movements at the user’s fingertips. This allows even the heaviest loads
to be moved quickly, precisely and safely. Linde Load Control can control the lift mast and up to three
auxiliary hydraulics. All operating elements are integrated in the armrest, so that the arm can lean
on the rest without fatigue during control movements. The armrest can be adjusted to any position
horizontally and vertically to the driver. This ergonomic design helps to reduce driver downtime
caused by overload, meaning drivers can still handle loads efficiently and safely even at the end of
a working day.

Benefits at a glance:

→→ sensitive controls at your fingertips

→→ fatigue-free, safe operation

→→ encourages healthy posture

→→ parallel lifting and tilting for maximum

handling capacity
→→ integrated storage compartment

Comfort and ergonomics

Rotatable driver’s workplace – relief for the driver

CLEAR VIEW WITH PERFECT ROTATION

It is becoming all the more common for forklift drivers to have Physical strain demonstrably reduced
to drive loads backwards because the load restricts visibility. Forklift drivers are particularly affected by back pain due to their
To do so, the driver must twist their torso in the direction often uncomfortable posture. According to a survey by the
of travel – a position which can damage the spine. The rotatable German Employer’s Liability Insurance Association for Trade and
driver’s workplace from Linde combines a clear view and ergo- Distribution of Goods (BGHW), the proportion of working time
nomic working conditions. Instead of the driver, it is the entire spent by drivers in an immovable seat in an overtightened
workspace that rotates. This improves visibility of the load back position is 43 percent on average. With a rotating driver’s
and the route and relieves the driver’s musculoskeletal system. cab, body rotation is reduced to just eight percent, reducing
lost working hours and the chance of errors due to fatigue.

Kopf nach links Kopf nach rechts

Field of vision at 70 % seat rotation

Linde’s rotatable driver’s

Passive workplace provides an
Passive
field of vision equally good view of the
field of vision
front and rear without
the driver having to turn
their back.

Active
field of vision

Active
field of vision
Passive field
Passive of vision
field of vision

27
LINDE MATERIAL HANDLING

Intelligent power solutions

ENERGY
MANAGEMENT
High truck availability is essential for smooth operation. For electric
forklift trucks, this means short charging times, long battery life and low
maintenance. That’s why Linde electric forklift trucks offer not only
low energy consumption but also future-oriented solutions for smooth
logistics: innovative technologies such as high-performance lithium-ion
batteries, flexible battery replacement processes and practical solutions
such as the Linde high-frequency on-board charger. Linde’s energy
systems enable continuous and efficient operation of electric forklifts
with the best possible availability.

→  minute-accurate remaining driving time indicator

→  innovative high-frequency on-board charger for fast charging
→  easy battery changing
→  fast charging via lithium-ion batteries

LITHIUM-ION BATTERIES
ENHANCE ENERGY
MANAGEMENT

While lithium-ion batteries have been used

in small electronic devices for decades, the
technology has only become available for
heavy equipment such as industrial trucks in
recent years. It offers numerous advantages
for the operation of electric forklifts in terms of
performance and service life. Thus, lithium-ion
batteries increase the availability of electric
forklift trucks. Especially in multi-shift applica-
tions the easy opportunity charging is a huge
benefit for an efficient operation.

28
 ENERGY MANAGEMENT

ADVANTAGES OF
LITHIUM-ION TECHNOLOGY
A major difference between lithium-ion batteries and lead-acid batteries
is the increased efficiency and lower energy losses. The system efficiency
is also increased due to the chargers. In addition, there are other general
advantages and special advantages of Linde technology.

GENERAL ADVANTAGES

Short and fast interim charging: Reduced emissions:

battery can be charged during short breaks, no leaking of hazardous battery
resulting in higher truck availability. gases and acids.

No more battery changes: Maintenance-free operation:

save time and cost as spare batteries and no cleaning or filling with water required.
battery charging areas are no longer necessary.

ADVANTAGES EXCLUSIVE TO LINDE

In addition to the general advantages of lithium-ion technology, The multi-level safety concept offers safety features at the cell,
the Linde solution offers further advantages: The entire system module and battery trough level that are tailored to the system.
– forklift, battery and charger – is CE-compliant. In addition, the As such, Linde offers the highest safety standards in the market.

Energy management
practical charging via the rear makes the process particularly easy.
A crash-tested tray with 25 mm thick steel protects both the
CAN bus communication adapted to the application ensures battery and its sourroundings.
harmonised, complete system integration. This means that
the performance of the truck can be adapted to individual
requirements and a constant power supply is provided.

29
LINDE MATERIAL HANDLING

Five options for battery changing

SWITCHING MADE EASY

Battery replacement must be done quickly and easily. That’s why battery replace-
ment for Linde electric forklift trucks is especially flexible. When changing the
batteries of Linde electric forklift trucks, there are five different ways of replacing
the battery, depending on the available auxiliary equipment and the conditions
at the user’s site.

Battery change with overhead crane

The roof of the driver’s cab in Linde electric forklift trucks is designed as a solid
protection zone, i.e. without a battery change slot. With the use of a C-hook it is,
nevertheless, possible to change the battery without any problems by using
an overhead crane.

Possible for E12 to E50 models.

Battery change with warehouse truck

If no overhead crane or additional forklift truck is available, the battery can
also be easily replaced with a Linde warehouse truck.

Possible for E14 to E20 (manual) and E14 to E50 (electrical) models.

Battery change with second truck

Battery replacement can also be carried out with the aid of a second forklift truck.
To do so, the driver simply drives the forks underneath the battery and lifts it out.

Possible for E12 to E50 models.

Battery change with battery traverse device

Simply suspend the battery from the battery traverse device of a forklift
truck and pull it out laterally.

Possible for E12 to E50 models.

Battery change with hydraulic battery replacement system

The battery lifts out of the truck hydraulically by up to 60 percent at the touch
of a button. The battery can then be removed using an overhead crane.

Possible for E14 to E50 models.

30
 ENERGY MANAGEMENT

Intelligent energy supply

QUICK AND EASY CHARGING

High-frequency on-board charger

For Linde electric forklift trucks, the battery charger can
optionally be integrated in the truck. Space-consuming opening
of the battery cover is not necessary. It is only required to
connect the high-frequency on-board charger to the appropriate
socket by means of a charging cable. Charging is carried out
automatically for each type of battery with the correct charging
characteristic. Further advantages of the high-frequency on-
board charger are its high efficiency, the temperature-controlled,
gentle charging as well as an automatic maintenance and/or
equalisation charge.

Active ventilation
To further simplify the loading process, Linde electric forklifts
are optionally available with active ventilation. This conducts
the generated battery gases out of the truck when charging to
the rear. This means that the user no longer has to laboriously
open the battery cover and the doors of the forklift.

Energy management

Minute-accurate battery charge display

The more forklift drivers can rely on the battery charge display,
the better their ability to plan and execute operations.
The standard battery charge display of Linde electric forklifts
is therefore accurate to the minute.

31
LINDE MATERIAL HANDLING

All costs in overview

COST-
EFFECTIVENESS
As with every investment decision, the total costs are the purchase
criteria – and forklift trucks are no exception. In addition to the
truck’s purchase price, it is above all the handling performance and
the life-cycle of a forklift truck that is important. Linde forklifts
offer a measurable competitive advantage here, as evidenced by a
TÜV-Nord-certified performance test. Linde electric forklift trucks pay
off, above all because of features such as low energy and service
costs and reduced staffing costs due to streamlined handling.

→  full cost control

→  precise truck configuration
→  application-specific driving dynamics settings
→  optimal working conditions for drivers
→  lower energy, service and staffing costs
→  high handling capacity and productivity
→  certified by TÜV-Nord performance guarantee test
→ individual economic efficiency calculation
of forklift trucks in operation

32
 COST-EFFECTIVENESS

Objective truck comparison in the performance guarantee test

IT COMES DOWN TO PRODUCTIVITY

The actual cost of a forklift truck is only apparent in daily practice. But how can users
be expected to compare the productivity of trucks? To this end, Linde has developed
a TÜV-certified performance guarantee test, which measures the cost of a clearly
defined workflow and thus allows meaningful productivity comparisons to be made.
Linde will even provide an individual profitability calculation upon request. This shows
that Linde trucks offer advantages right across the board.

ENERGY COSTS
Energy costs have a direct impact on productivity. Thanks to modern technical and
ergonomic concepts, Linde forklifts can move significantly more loads in less time
than competitor trucks, which also affects energy consumption. Over thousands of
operating hours, the savings add up to a considerable sum.

STAFF COSTS
Staffing costs account for 80% of the total costs of a forklift truck. A good and fatigue-
free working environment pays off in several ways, and Linde forklifts offer a high
level of driving comfort and intuitive operating sequences thanks to their sophisticated
ergonomics, increasing working speeds and reducing driver downtime. The bottom
line: Just five Linde forklifts can often take the place of six standard forklift trucks –
including staff.

Cost-effectiveness

SERVICE COSTS
Service costs are considered ‘hidden costs’, as they only occur after a time delay.
A high level of brake or tyre wear or frequent oil changes, however, can cost companies
dearly. Linde forklifts are therefore designed with as few wear parts and as many
low-maintenance components as possible: maintenance-free brakes, drive axle bearings
and bearings for the tilt cylinders as well as reduced tyre wear. Optimally coordinated
maintenance schedules also work to ensure the best-case scenario: that no major wear
and tear even occurs in the first place.

33
LINDE MATERIAL HANDLING

Driving dynamics settings improve productivity

FINE-TUNING PERFORMANCE
Short distances in continuous cycles or long journeys spread across a whole day:
forklift trucks are used for very different applications. That’s why users can customise
Linde electric forklifts to suit the specific application at hand. Seasonal operations,
such as those occurring in the beverage industry in the summer, for example, can
be handled very quickly. Three different driving dynamics options allow the optimum
performance to be set for each application. A comparison of performance with
competitor trucks shows that Linde trucks boast lower energy consumption levels
and are exceptionally productive.

Performance mode 100%

Performance mode

High performance for maximum handling capacity. Ideal for

trucks with attachments and long distances including ramps. Competitor 1 121% +21%
Effectively exploits the advantages of the dual motor drive.
Competitor 2 128% +28%

Competitor 3 129% +29%

Time per cycle (indexed)

Efficiency mode 108%

Efficiency mode

By default, the Efficiency Mode offers a balance between

performance and economy. If you want to keep an eye on Competitor 1 121% +13%
energy costs but don’t want to reduce the power significantly,
Competitor 2 128% +20%
this mode is the best way to drive.
Competitor 3 129% +21%

Time per cycle (indexed)

Economy mode 112%

Economy mode

A good application example here is a scenario with time-limited

pallet conveyors located centrally in production facilities with Competitor 1 121% +9%
narrow lanes and speed limits. Economy mode allows for careful
Competitor 2 128% +16%
load handling with reduced energy consumption.
Competitor 3 129% +17%

Time per cycle (indexed)

34
 COST-EFFECTIVENESS

Cost-effectiveness calculation finds in the favour of Linde trucks

PERFORMANCE, BY THE NUMBERS

It has been proven through a detailed cost-effectiveness calculation: choosing
Linde electric forklifts is a decision that pays off. Despite a higher purchase cost,
the example shows that increased productivity means that companies can save
approximately EUR 24,000 after just 60 months. This calculation is based on the
average operating hours required for the typical loading and unloading of an HGV.

Base data

Linde E25L Competition Linde E25L Competition

Duration 60 months 60 months

Days in operation per year 220 220 Time to load and

40.4 min 49.9 min
Operating hours per year 1,000 1,235 unload an HGV

Energy cost per kWh EUR 0.15 EUR 0.15

Staff costs per hour EUR 20.00 EUR 20.00

Hourly service rate EUR 2.00 EUR 2.00 Consumption per HGV

2.94 kWh 3.48 kWh
Net purchase price EUR 35,000 EUR 30,000 loaded and unloaded

Residual value 20% 15%

Cost per HGV

25
Linde E25L Competition

Total cost per HGV EUR 19.15 EUR 22.40 20

Service cost per HGV EUR 1.35 EUR 1.66

15
Energy cost per HGV EUR 0.56 EUR 0.67

Financing cost per HGV EUR 3.77 EUR 3.43

10
Staff cost per HGV EUR 13.47 EUR 16.63

Difference — EUR 3.25 5

Cost per pallet EUR 0.34 EUR 0.40

0
Linde E25L Competition
Cost-effectiveness
Staff costs Energy cost per HGV

Financing cost per HGV Service cost per HGV

OVERALL RESULT
Linde E25L Competition

Total cost for 60 months EUR 142,170 EUR 166,307

Saving per year EUR 4,827 —

Saving over 60 months EUR 24,137 —

Break-even 12.43 months —

35
LINDE MATERIAL HANDLING

The fleet of tomorrow is networked

FLEET
MANAGEMENT
The fleet manager knows at all times which driver is controlling which
forklift truck and how long it has been in use. They use software to
determine who is allowed to drive in which areas and at what speed.
With just one click, they can see the capacity utilisation and energy
consumption of the entire fleet and when the next service is due.
These are just a few examples of the functions of the Linde connect
fleet management system. The hardware and software of the Linde
connect family networks the forklifts and collects and analyses the truck
data. This increases the availability, safety and productivity of the fleet.

→ Comprehensive administration and information on

all trucks in the fleet as well as drivers
→  Data analysis and monitoring
→  Ex works and as retrofit solution
→  Secure transmission via Wifi, Bluetooth or mobile broadband
→  Can be used independent of fleet size
→  Modular software for individual requirements

36
 FLEET MANAGEMENT

How the truck learns to communicate

NETWORKED INFRASTRUCTURE
The fleet management system Linde connect uses a series of For access control, these are the Linde connect access units.
sensors on the trucks to record important data, from charging This ensures that only authorised drivers can activate
status to possible collisions. Linde forklift trucks and trucks and use the forklift truck by means of a PIN or RFID chip.
from other manufacturers can be equipped with the appropriate The Linde connect data unit handles data acquisition
hardware for Linde connect either ex works or by retrofitting. and trans­­mission via Bluetooth, mobile phone or WLAN.
The software connect:desk enables detailed evaluation
and processing with the help of different modules.

Truck Data Database Fleet

components transmission management
software

Bluetooth

Mobile
broadband

Access Impact
unit sensor Wifi

Linde connect functionality for fleet optimisation

COMPREHENSIVE DATA ANALYSIS

The data collected is compressed into reports in the connect:desk software.
Fleet managers, drivers or service technicians thus receive important information
on the status and use of the trucks, allowing them to be best placed to plan
further operations. The individual Linde connect modules each offer a number
of specific functions for fleet management.

Access control connect:ac Truck data connect:dt Usage analysis connect:an

The access control function enables The digital operating hours logbook The usage analysis gives the fleet
Fleet management

driver-specific access control via PIN or records the operating hours and improves manager an overview of the actual fleet
contactless RFID, thereby restricting operational planning and fleet utilisation. performance. This enables the identi­
unauthorised use. Another function is The crash detection function can also fication of underutilised trucks as well as
the app-based forklift check prior to the be used to record accidents as well as the driving behaviour of individual trucks
start of shift, which increases operational potential hazards such as uneven ground. and drivers, visualising any potential for
reliability and ensures that trucks can Trouble codes are a further feature which improvement. The battery management
only be started once the checks have enable the early detection of malfunctions function documents the battery data
been successfully completed. or damage to a truck. display, detects possible operating errors
and helps to prevent damage and loss
of performance.

37
LINDE MATERIAL HANDLING

Support for day-to-day logistics

SERVICE
After the purchase of a forklift truck, Linde Service supports companies in
making the operation of the truck smooth, safe and efficient: from replacement
forklift trucks, optimally combined maintenance schedules and improved
cost-effectiveness, through to driver training and regular services. These include,
for example, the prescribed safety tests, the FEM 4004 test and the annual
charging device test.

The services which focus on technology, equipment, safety and efficiency of

your electric forklift trucks ensure the best possible availability and performance.

→ Comprehensive service with 8,500 service technicians and 700 locations

→  Rapid assistance with the emergency service
→  Centralised replacement parts warehouse delivers worldwide around the clock
→  Maximum truck availability and operational safety
→  Guaranteed conformity with legal requirements
→  Consistent minimisation of safety risks
→  Predictable and transparent costs for maintenance and service
→  Increase in resale value

38
 SERVICE

Service network

ENSURING UNINTERRUPTED OPERATION

ALWAYS AT YOUR DISPOSAL GLOBAL SPARE PARTS SERVICE
Anyone who chooses a Linde truck is able to rely on the service In an emergency, Linde’s spare parts service makes the trucks
of highly qualified service technicians. They ensure that the ready for use again as quickly as possible. This is ensured by the
service intervals are adhered to and carry out maintenance and world distribution centre in Kahl, Germany as the hub for spare
repairs of more than 300 truck models quickly and reliably. parts logistics with regional distribution centres in Xiamen, China,
Unnecessary repairs are avoided because damage is detected for the Asia Pacific region and in Brno, Czech Republic, for the
in the early stages and preventative measures are taken. Eastern Europe region. Using the latest cutting-edge warehouse
Through predictive maintenance, immediate repairs on site technology, employees can usually dispatch orders just a few
and, where necessary, replacement trucks, Linde ensures hours after they have been received. Original spare parts ensure
maximum performance and availability. Regular maintenance that the industrial trucks work with constant performance
also reduces operating costs and increases the resale value and precision.
of industrial trucks.

SAFETY SAVES COSTS

Linde’s services help companies to comply with occupational
safety requirements. Linde service staff are familiar with the
applicable legal regulations, can advise on their implementation
and, on request, can carry out appropriate service measures
and statutory inspections in due time and in an orderly manner.
A wide range of training sessions and courses will also make
your drivers fit for the challenges thrown at them by day-to-day
logistics work and able to help prevent accidents. Well-trained
drivers increase efficiency, ensure smooth operation and thus
lower costs.

SERVICES FOR EFFICIENT ELECTRIC FORKLIFT TRUCKS

Save money with battery checks
→→ The battery accounts for about one third of the total cost of an
electric forklift truck. Lack of care and cleaning can degrade
the battery, shorten travel times and cause battery consumption
to accelerate, inevitably resulting in time-consuming interim
char­ging. Linde’s battery service, including a charging device test,
recognises defects at an early stage and prolongs the service
life of the batteries.

Energy consulting increases profitability

→→ Linde has advised on energy consumption at numerous locations.
Depending on the operating conditions on site, Linde’s experts help
to optimise the consumption costs of electric forklifts and to shape
the energy supply in a future-oriented way: what is the best kind
and size of battery in each case? And what is the optimal number
of batteries and chargers for the application at hand? Depending
on the working environment, it may be worthwhile to use a central
charging station, for example.
Service

39
Linde Material Handling develops high-performance material flow solutions

428.e.4.1018.IndA.Ki
customised to the individual client’s needs, enabling them to achieve
long-term competitive advantages. The company is one of the world’s largest
manufacturers of forklift trucks and warehouse handling equipment and
has been setting standards in solutions for forklift trucks, fleet management,
driver assistance systems and services for more than 50 years.

Linde – for your performance

Linde Material Handling GmbH | Carl-von-Linde-Platz | 63743 Aschaffenburg, Germany

Phone + 49 6021 99 0 | Fax + 49 6021 99 157 | www.linde-mh.de | [email protected]
Printed in Germany