CDP Palghar Final

CITY
DEVELOPMENT
“Strengthening the infrastructure of
PLAN Palghar to emerge as a self-sufficient
District Headquarter and strong Growth
PALGHAR - 2016-36 Center”
PREPARED BY – PLANITECH
CONSULTANTS
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
This project consumed huge amount of work, research and dedication. Still, implementation
would not have been possible if we did not have a support of many individuals and
organizations. Therefore we would like to extend our sincere gratitude to all of them.
First of all we are thankful to Municipal Council of Palghar for their active support and for
providing necessary information and data concerning City Development Plan.
We are also grateful to Mr. Vaibhav Aware (Chief Officer) and Mrs. Priyanka Patil (President)
for their guidance in understanding town’s characteristics. Without their superior knowledge
and experience, the Project would lack in quality of outcomes, and thus their support has
been essential.
We would like to express our sincere thanks towards Mr. Premchand Mishra (City-Engineer),
Sanitation Inspector, various departments and all staff of Municipal Council who devoted
their time and knowledge in the implementation of this project.
Nevertheless, we would also like to thank people of Palghar for their enthusiastic
participation and involvement while survey and consultation in preparation of City
Development Plan.
PALGHAR CITY DEVELOPMENT PLAN
Table of Contents
List of Figures............................................................................................................. vii
List of Tables ................................................................................................................ x
Acronyms and Abbreviations ..................................................................................... xii
1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .......................................................................................... 1
1.1 Opportunity for the City .....................................................................................................1
1.2 Palghar- An Ideal City .........................................................................................................1
1.3 CDP - An Integrated Solution ..............................................................................................1
1.4 Assessment of Physical and Social Infrastructure: Status and Key Issues ..............................1
1.5 Assessment of Municipal Finances......................................................................................3
1.6 City Governance and Reforms Framework ..........................................................................4
1.7 Formulation of Vision Statement ........................................................................................4
1.8 Investment Capacity and Sustenance..................................................................................5
1.9 Proposed Projects ..............................................................................................................5
1.10 Expected Outcomes ...........................................................................................................6
2 BACKGROUND ...................................................................................................... 7
2.1 City Development Plan .......................................................................................................7
2.2 Objectives of CDP...............................................................................................................9
2.3 The CDP Process Adopted By Palghar..................................................................................9
3 ABOUT PALGHAR CITY ........................................................................................ 12
3.1 History of the town .......................................................................................................... 12
3.2 Geography ....................................................................................................................... 12
3.2.1 Location ................................................................................................................................. 12
3.2.2 Spatial pattern and terrain: ................................................................................................... 13
3.2.3 Connectivity: ......................................................................................................................... 13
3.2.4 Climate and rainfall: .............................................................................................................. 13
3.3 Civic administration ......................................................................................................... 14
3.4 Demographic profile: ....................................................................................................... 14
4 ECONOMIC BASE OF PALGHAR ............................................................................ 16
4.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................... 16
4.2 Work participation ratio ................................................................................................... 16
4.3 Industries ........................................................................................................................ 17
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PLANITECH CONSULTANTS
4.4 Growth potential ............................................................................................................. 18

5 CITY ASSESSMENT – SITUATION ANALYSIS .......................................................... 20
5.1 Demography .................................................................................................................... 20
5.1.1 Growth Pattern ..................................................................................................................... 20
5.1.2 Population Projection............................................................................................................ 20
5.1.3 House Hold Size ..................................................................................................................... 21
5.1.4 Sex Ratio ................................................................................................................................ 21
5.1.5 Child Sex Ratio ....................................................................................................................... 22
5.1.6 Literacy .................................................................................................................................. 23
5.1.7 Scheduled Caste .................................................................................................................... 24
5.1.8 Scheduled Tribes ................................................................................................................... 25
5.2 Social and cultural Environment ....................................................................................... 26
5.2.1 Educational Facilities ............................................................................................................. 26
5.2.2 Health Facilities ..................................................................................................................... 27
5.2.3 Recreation Facilities .............................................................................................................. 28
5.2.4 Religious Places ..................................................................................................................... 29
5.2.5 Public Utilities........................................................................................................................ 30
5.2.6 Other Amenities and Utilities ................................................................................................ 31
5.2.7 Administrative office ............................................................................................................. 32
5.3 Physical Environment ....................................................................................................... 33
5.3.1 Land Use and Urban Environment ........................................................................................ 33
5.3.2 Land use as per the Development Plan................................................................................. 33
5.4 Environmental Aspects..................................................................................................... 37
5.4.1 Pollution of water bodies: ..................................................................................................... 37
5.5 Housing ........................................................................................................................... 40
5.5.1 Housing overview .................................................................................................................. 42
5.6 Slum / Urban Poor ........................................................................................................... 45
5.6.1 Census data: Slums................................................................................................................ 45
5.6.2 Condition of slums ................................................................................................................ 47
5.6.3 Informal Housing ................................................................................................................... 47
5.7 Traffic and Transportation................................................................................................ 48
5.7.1 Connectivity........................................................................................................................... 48
5.7.2 Road network ........................................................................................................................ 48
5.7.3 Road condition ...................................................................................................................... 54
5.7.4 Transport system................................................................................................................... 55
5.7.5 Parking................................................................................................................................... 57
5.7.6 Street lighting ........................................................................................................................ 57
5.7.7 Issues ..................................................................................................................................... 58
5.7.8 Roads proposed under development plan............................................................................ 59
5.8 Water Supply ................................................................................................................... 60
5.8.1 Source.................................................................................................................................... 60
5.8.2 Elevated Service Reservoir .................................................................................................... 61
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5.8.3 Coverage of water supply ..................................................................................................... 63

5.8.4 Distribution system ............................................................................................................... 65
5.8.5 Existing water supply............................................................................................................. 66
5.8.6 Water supply in Slums ........................................................................................................... 67
5.8.7 Water charges ....................................................................................................................... 67
5.8.8 Service adequacy................................................................................................................... 68
5.9 Sanitation and Sewerage .................................................................................................. 69
5.9.1 Household Sanitation ............................................................................................................ 69
5.9.2 Septage Management ........................................................................................................... 73
5.9.3 Key observations about existing onsite treatment facility: .................................................. 73
5.9.4 Sanitation Status in Slums: .................................................................................................... 74
5.9.5 Issues in Household Sanitation: ............................................................................................ 75
5.10 Public Level Sanitation: .................................................................................................... 75
5.10.1 Key Issues in Public level sanitation facility ...................................................................... 77
5.10.2 Open Defecation Practices................................................................................................ 78
5.11 Waste water, Septage and Storm Water Management ...................................................... 80
5.11.1 Generation of wastewater ................................................................................................ 80
5.11.2 Existing Conveyance System ............................................................................................. 81
5.11.3 Existing Treatment and disposal system........................................................................... 84
5.11.4 Issues................................................................................................................................. 85
5.11.5 Suggested improvements in the sanitation value chain ................................................... 86
5.12 Solid waste management ................................................................................................. 86
5.12.1 Waste Generation ............................................................................................................. 86
5.12.2 Existing Waste Collection .................................................................................................. 86
5.12.3 Garbage Transport System ............................................................................................... 89
5.12.4 Garbage Treatment and Disposal System......................................................................... 90
5.12.5 Medical Waste .................................................................................................................. 90
5.12.6 Service level Benchmarking .............................................................................................. 90
5.12.7 Key Issues in Solid waste management ............................................................................ 91
6 Urban Finance..................................................................................................... 93
6.1 Financial Status of MC ...................................................................................................... 94
6.2 Income Account ............................................................................................................... 95
6.2.1 Revenue and Capital Income................................................................................................. 95
6.3 Expenditure Account ........................................................................................................ 98
6.3.1 Revenue Expenditure ............................................................................................................ 98
6.3.2 Capital Expenditure: .............................................................................................................. 99
6.3.3 Revenue Expenditure ............................................................................................................ 99
7 CITY GOVERNANCE FRAMEWORK AND REFORMS ............................................. 100
7.1 Deliberate Wing ............................................................................................................. 100
7.2 Administrative Wing ...................................................................................................... 101
7.3 Reforms Being Undertaken by PMC ................................................................................ 101
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8 VISION FORMATION FOR PALGHAR .................................................................. 102

8.1 Approach ....................................................................................................................... 102
8.2 Consultation with Municipal Council .............................................................................. 102
8.3 Consultation with People ............................................................................................... 103
8.4 SWOT Analysis ............................................................................................................... 104
9 FINANCIAL STRATEGIES FOR CIP ........................................................................ 106
9.1 Palghar’s Financial Operation Plan.................................................................................. 106
9.2 Municipal Account – Growth Projections and Assumptions ............................................. 107
10 CITY INVESTMENT PLAN ................................................................................ 112
10.1 Capital Facilities, Investment Phasing and Implementation ............................................. 113
10.1.1 Long Term Planning ........................................................................................................ 113
10.1.2 Short Term Planning ....................................................................................................... 114
10.2 Water supply ................................................................................................................. 116
10.2.1 Strategies ........................................................................................................................ 116
10.2.2 Expected Outcomes ........................................................................................................ 117
10.2.3 Investment ...................................................................................................................... 117
10.2.4 Priority Needs ................................................................................................................. 118
10.3 Sewerage and Sanitation System .................................................................................... 119
10.3.1 Strategies for Core area and congested Pada areas ....................................................... 119
10.3.2 Strategic Implementation ............................................................................................... 119
10.3.3 Existing System ............................................................................................................... 120
10.3.4 Strategies for New Development and areas of future development ............................. 120
10.3.5 Individual Toilet and Sanitation ...................................................................................... 120
10.3.6 Community level sanitation ............................................................................................ 121
10.3.7 Suggested improvements for public level sanitation ..................................................... 121
10.3.8 Total Investment ............................................................................................................. 122
10.4 Proposals for Transportation .......................................................................................... 124
10.4.1 Strategies ........................................................................................................................ 124
10.4.2 Total Investment ............................................................................................................. 124
10.4.3 Outcome ......................................................................................................................... 125
10.4.4 Priority Needs ................................................................................................................. 125
10.5 Solid Waste Management .............................................................................................. 130
10.5.1 Strategy ........................................................................................................................... 131
10.5.2 Investment ...................................................................................................................... 131
10.5.3 Outcome ......................................................................................................................... 131
10.6 Poverty Reduction and Basic Services for Urban Poor ..................................................... 132
10.6.1 Strategy ........................................................................................................................... 133
10.6.2 Housing for All................................................................................................................. 133
10.6.3 Investment ...................................................................................................................... 133
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10.6.4 Outcome ......................................................................................................................... 133

10.7 Urban Governance ......................................................................................................... 135
10.8 Growth Management and Land Use ............................................................................... 136
10.8.1 Strategy ........................................................................................................................... 136
10.8.2 Equitable distribution of educational facilities ............................................................... 137
10.8.3 Parks/ Gardens, lake and City Beautification.................................................................. 137
10.8.4 Social Infrastructure:....................................................................................................... 138
10.8.5 Sector Strategies and Investment Need ......................................................................... 138
10.8.6 Investment ...................................................................................................................... 138
10.8.7 Outcomes ........................................................................................................................ 138
10.9 Tourism ......................................................................................................................... 140
10.9.1 Potential of Tourism ....................................................................................................... 140
10.9.2 Connectivity .................................................................................................................... 141
10.9.3 Season ............................................................................................................................. 141
10.9.4 Strategies ........................................................................................................................ 141
10.9.5 Investment ...................................................................................................................... 141
10.9.6 Outcome ......................................................................................................................... 141
11 Annexure I- ANNUAL ACCOUNT RECASTING .......................................................I
11.1 RECEIPTS/INCOME/REVENUE ............................................................................................. I
11.1.1 Own tax and non-tax revenues ............................................................................................ I
11.1.2 Grants and transfers from the state .................................................................................... I
11.1.3 Tied/specific grants .............................................................................................................. I
11.1.4 Loans, deposits, advances, extraordinary items, accounting items .................................... I
11.2 PAYMENTS/EXPENDITURE................................................................................................. II
11.2.1 General municipal expenditure, salaries and capital expenditure ..................................... II
11.2.2 Expenditure on government schemes ................................................................................ II
11.2.3 Extraordinary expenditure .................................................................................................. II
12 Annexure II- MUNICIPAL FINANCE- ASSESSMENT OF LAST 5 YEARS (2007-15) ...III
12.1 Income Statement ........................................................................................................... III
12.1.1 Contribution of various sectors in Total Income in Lakh Rupees ...................................... III
12.1.2 % Contribution of various sectors in Total Income............................................................ III
12.2 Expenditure Statement ..................................................................................................... V
12.2.1 Contribution of various sectors in Total Expenditure in Lakh Rupees ................................ V
12.2.2 % Contribution of various sectors in Total Expenditure ..................................................... V
13 Annexure III- Capital Investment Plan- Long Term Plan (2016-2036) ................ VI
14 Annexure IV- Capital Investment Plan- Short Term Plan (2016-2021) ............... IX
15 Annexure V- POSSIBLE OPTIONS FOR PPP ........................................................XII
15.1 Building O&M as a part of the construction contract: ....................................................... XII
15.2 Providing incentives for billing efficiency etc. on a sharing basis: ...................................... XII
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15.3 Outsourcing pumping, transmission and distribution activities: ........................................ XII

15.4 Towards achieving 24x7 water supply: ............................................................................ XII
16 Annexure VI - E- GOVERNANCE .......................................................................XIII
16.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................. XIII
16.2 Current system .............................................................................................................. XIII
16.2.1 Objectives of E-Governance System ................................................................................ XIII
16.3 Scope of an E-Governance System .................................................................................. XIV
16.3.1 Administrative system ..................................................................................................... XIV
16.3.2 Management Information System ................................................................................... XIV
16.3.3 Citizen Interface ............................................................................................................... XIV
16.4 Implementing E-Governance System ............................................................................... XV
16.4.1 Municipal Administration ................................................................................................. XV
16.4.2 System consultants ........................................................................................................... XV
16.4.3 Employees ......................................................................................................................... XV
16.4.4 Citizens .............................................................................................................................. XV
17 Annexure VII- Development Plan of Palghar City .......................................... XVII
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List of Figures
Figure 2-1 Framework of CDP ......................................................................................................... 8
Figure 2-2 Approach to formation of City Development Plan ...................................................... 10
Figure 3-1.2: Municipal Council Building of Palghar ..................................................................... 14
Figure 5-1: Government Schools .................................................................................................. 26
Figure 5-2: Private Schools............................................................................................................ 27
Figure 5-3 Colleges in Palghar ....................................................................................................... 27
Figure 5-4 Playgrounds ................................................................................................................. 29
Figure 5-5 Market Areas ............................................................................................................... 29
Figure 5-6 Religious Places ............................................................................................................ 30
Figure 5-7 Cremation and Burial Grounds .................................................................................... 31
Figure 5-8 Maps Showing Location of Cremation and Burial Grounds ........................................ 31
Figure 5-9 Administrative Office ................................................................................................... 32
Figure 5-10 Map for administrative Office ................................................................................... 33
Figure 5-11 Existing Land use ( % to the total area) ..................................................................... 34
Figure 5-12 Proposed Land use (% to the Town Area) ................................................................. 36
Figure 5-13 Existing Land use ( % to the Developed area) ........................................................... 36
Figure 5-14 : Pollution at different locations ................................................................................ 38
Figure 5-15: Map showing reserved forest zone and no development zone............................... 39
Figure 5-16 : Present condition of Ganesh Kund .......................................................................... 39
Figure 5-17: Map showing location of Ganesh Kund .................................................................... 40
Figure 5-18 Housing condition ...................................................................................................... 41
Figure 5-19 Map showing the different zones in which Palghar is divided .................................. 42
Figure 5-20: Pada structure .......................................................................................................... 43
Figure 5-21 Map showing location of Notified Padas ................................................................... 43
Figure 5-22 Housing characteristics .............................................................................................. 44
Figure 5-23 New construction taking place in Palghar ................................................................. 44
Figure 5-24: Map showing the location of slums ......................................................................... 46
Figure 5-25 Details of Slums ......................................................................................................... 47
Figure 5-26 Informal houses ......................................................................................................... 48
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Figure 5-27: Important roads in Palghar town ............................................................................. 49

Figure 5-28: Images of important roads within the Palghar town ............................................... 49
Figure 5-29: Map Showing Road Hierarchy .................................................................................. 50
Figure 5-30: Map showing conceptual zoning .............................................................................. 51
Figure 1.5-31: Images of main roads in core area ........................................................................ 52
Figure 1.5-32: Images of internal roads in core area .................................................................... 52
Figure 5-33: Main roads in Congested/Pada area ........................................................................ 53
Figure 5-34: Internal roads in Congested/Pada area .................................................................... 53
Figure 5-35: Roads in newly developed area ................................................................................ 54
Figure 5-36: Road condition .......................................................................................................... 54
Figure 5-37: Public Transport........................................................................................................ 55
Figure 5-38: Map showing Major Junctions.................................................................................. 56
Figure 5-39: Major Junctions ........................................................................................................ 56
Figure 1.5-40: Road side parking .................................................................................................. 57
Figure 1.5-41: Street Lights ........................................................................................................... 58
Figure 5-42 Existing Water Supply System ................................................................................... 60
Figure 5-43 Details of water treatment Plant ............................................................................... 61
Figure 5-44 Water treatment plant process ................................................................................. 61
Figure 5-45 ESRs at Palghar .......................................................................................................... 63
Figure 5-46 Map showing the location of existing ESR. ................................................................ 63
Figure 5-47 Map showing the Distribution System ...................................................................... 66
Figure 5-48 TOILETS BUILD UNDER SWACCH BHARAT ABHIYAN ................................................. 72
Figure 5-49 INDIVIDUAL TOILETS .................................................................................................. 72
Figure 5-50 INDIVIDUAL TOILETS FACILITIES IN SLUM AREAS ...................................................... 75
Figure 5-51 MAP SHOWING LOCATION OF PUBLIC TOILETS ........................................................ 76
Figure 5-52 OPEN DEFECATION SITES ........................................................................................... 78
Figure 5-53 MAP SHOWING MAJOR OPEN DEFECATION SITES .................................................... 80
Figure 5-54: Condition of existing conveyance system - congested area / Pada ......................... 81
Figure 5-55 : Condition of existing conveyance system - Core Area ............................................ 82
Figure 5-56: Condition of existing conveyance system: Newly Developing areas ....................... 82
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Figure 5-57 Map showing conveyance system ............................................................................. 83

Figure 5-58 : Contamination of Nallahs and water bodies ........................................................... 85
Figure 5-59: Conditions of drains .................................................................................................. 85
Figure 5-60: Vehicle (Ghantagadi) which collects waste door to door ........................................ 87
Figure 5-61 : Secondary collection from Community Pits ............................................................ 88
Figure 5-62: Community Bins (Existing conditions) ...................................................................... 88
Figure 5-63: Open Dumping Practices .......................................................................................... 89
Figure 5-64: Solid Waste Transportation Vehicles........................................................................ 90
Figure 5-65 : Dumping Site at Morekuran .................................................................................... 90
Figure 5-66: Solid Waste Management issues .............................................................................. 92
Figure 8-1 Timeline for CDP of Palghar ....................................................................................... 102
Figure 8-2: Consultations with PMC Officials ............................................................................. 103
Figure 8-3: Consultation with People ......................................................................................... 103
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List of Tables
Table 1-1 Proposed Projects for PMC ............................................................................................. 5
Table 3-1 Population of Palghar.................................................................................................... 15
Table 3-2 Comparative demography indicators with State and District ...................................... 15
Table 4-1: Workers Population Palghar as per Census 2011 ........................................................ 16
Table 4-2: Worker Participation Ratio for Maharashtra, Palghar District and Palghar (2011)..... 17
Table 5-1: Population of Palghar –year 1971 to 2011 .................................................................. 20
Table 5-2 : Population projections ................................................................................................ 21
Table 5-3: Sex Ratio Comparisons (State, District and Town) ...................................................... 22
Table 5-4: Population 0-6 Age Group for Last Three Decades ..................................................... 22
Table 5-5: Literacy rate comparison (state, district and town) .................................................... 24
Table 5-6: Population of scheduled caste (1971 to 2011) ............................................................ 24
Table 5-7: Population of scheduled tribes (1971-2011) ............................................................... 25
Table 5-8 Existing Land Use as per DP .......................................................................................... 35
Table 5-9 Proposed Land use as per DP ........................................................................................ 37
Table 5-10 Details of Slums-1 ....................................................................................................... 45
Table 5-11 Details of Slums-2 ....................................................................................................... 45
Table 1.5-12: Street Light .............................................................................................................. 57
Table 5-13 Details of main pipe lines ............................................................................................ 60
Table 5-14 Details of ESR .............................................................................................................. 61
Table 5-15 % of Household Distribution with treated Water Supply ........................................... 64
Table 5-16 Details of Sub Mains Pipe line system ........................................................................ 65
Table 5-17 Pipe lines provided by Municipal Council ................................................................... 65
Table 5-18 Type of Connection ..................................................................................................... 66
Table 5-19 Connection Charges .................................................................................................... 67
Table 5-20 Volumetric Traffic ....................................................................................................... 67
Table 5-21 Service level Benchmarks............................................................................................ 68
Table 5-22 HOUSEHOLD SANITATION-TOILET FACILITY ............................................................... 69
Table 5-23: % OF HH HAVING INDIVIDUAL TOILET ....................................................................... 70
Table 5-24 DETAILS OF TOILETS UNDER SWACCH BHARAT ABHIYAN MISSION ........................... 71
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Table 5-25 DETAILS OF FUNDS PROVIDED UNDER SWACCH BHARAT ABHIYAN MISSION AT PMC
....................................................................................................................................................... 72
Table 5-26 SEPTIC TANK CLEANING CHARGES .............................................................................. 73
Table 5-27 INDIVIDUAL SANITATION FACILITIES IN SLUM AREAS ................................................ 74
Table 5-28 :% OF HH USING PUBLIC TOILET ................................................................................. 76
Table 5-29 :% OF HH PERFORMING OPEN DEFECATION .............................................................. 78
Table 5-30: % OF HH with No Waste Water Drainage System ..................................................... 83
Table 5-31 Service Level Benchmark for SWM ............................................................................. 90
Table 7-1: Roles and responsibilities of PMC .............................................................................. 100
Table 8-1: SWOT Analysis for Palghar City.................................................................................. 104
Table 9-1 Projected Net Income of PMC (for Next Five Years)................................................... 108
Table 9-2 the phase wise projection of Income (For Next Four Phases of Five Years) .............. 108
Table 9-3: Municipal Account – Growth Projections and Assumptions ..................................... 109
Table 10-1: Capital Facilities, Investment Phasing and Implementation- Long Term Plan ........ 113
Table 10-2: Capital Facilities, Investment Phasing and Implementation- Short Term Plan ....... 115
Table 10-3: Water Supply- Action Plan ....................................................................................... 117
Table 10-4: Sewerage- Action Plan ............................................................................................. 122
Table 10-5 Action Plan-Transportation and Traffic Management .............................................. 128
Table 10-6: SWM-Action Plan ..................................................................................................... 131
Table 10-7: Slums and Urban Poor-Action Plan.......................................................................... 134
Table 10-8: Urban Governance-Action Plan ............................................................................... 135
Table 10-9: Land Use- Action Plan .............................................................................................. 139
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Acronyms and Abbreviations

BPT Break Pressure Tank
APMC Agricultural Produce Market Committee
CDP City Development Plan
CIP Capital Investment Plan
CPHEEO Central Public Health and Environmental Engineering Organization
CT Community Toilets
DCB Demand Collection Balance
DP Development Plan
PMC Palghar Municipal Council
DPR Detail Project Report
FOP Financial Operating Plan
GoI Government of India
GoM Government of Maharashtra
HHs Households
ISHDP Integrated Housing and Slum Development Programme
LL Lac Liter
lpcd Liters Per Capita Per Day
MBR Mass Balancing Reservoir
MIDC Maharashtra Industrial Development Corporation
MLD Million Liters Per Day
NRW Non-Revenue Water
O&M Operation and Maintenance
xii
OD Open defecation
PHC Public Health Center
PPP Public Private Partnership
PMC Palghar Municipal Council
SC Scheduled Caste
STP Sewerage Treatment Plant
SWM Solid Waste Management
SWOT Strength Weaknesses Opportunity Threats
ULB Urban Local Bodies
WTP Water Treatment Plant
ZP Zillah Parishad
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1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Palghar is a fast developing town situated on north of Mumbai and Vasai. It is “B” class Municipal
Council. The area of Palghar Municipal Council is 22.11sq.km. The boundary of the Municipal
Council is as per notification issued by government dated 17th September, 1998.
1.1 Opportunity for the City
Maharashtra government has come up with a funding scheme for infrastructure projects in
smaller cities in the state. The scheme — Maharashtra Suvarna Jayanti Nagarotthan Maha-
Abhiyan, aims to support municipal bodies to raise the standard of living of people in smaller
cities by improving its urban, economic and social infrastructure. The Palghar Municipal Council
(PMC) plans to avail of the funds under this scheme for the improvement of its urban
infrastructure. These funds would need to be directed towards priority actions and projects.
1.2 Palghar- An Ideal City
In its precinct, Palghar is a district headquarter and has great potential as commercial and
industrial sectors catering to the nearby small cities and villages. Palghar already has a good
connectivity by rail and road. Providing required infrastructure for the secondary sector activities
with the introduction of technology would definitely boost the economy of Palghar. Given the
immense potential of the Palghar city, a City Development Plan has been prepared to provide an
integrated solution for problems the city is facing.
1.3 CDP - An Integrated Solution
The City Development Plan (CDP) is the Council’s corporate strategy that presents both a vision
of a desired future for the city. It identifies an economic growth strategy as well as actions that
would be required by various agencies to ensure the city’s sustainable development. CDP, thus
prepared with the involvement of the stakeholders, is a forward-looking consensus program for
the city. It outlines the way to –improve service levels, improve financial sustainability, and create
a citizen-friendly, accountable and transparent administration by implementing reforms.
Finally, the CDP will reveal the Council’s strategy to manage its resources, i.e., how it intends to
increase revenues and expand its tax base to allow for self-sustaining urban service delivery;
improve its creditworthiness; and recruit and retain a skilled workforce.
In this context, PMC appointed Planitech Consultants, Pune to prepare the City Development
Plan (CDP) of the Palghar city.
1.4 Assessment of Physical and Social Infrastructure: Status and Key Issues
To formulate the City Development Plan, an assessment of the existing situation in Palghar town
has been carried out with respect to its basic infrastructure, its physical and environmental
aspects, and the financial status of the Palghar Municipal Council (PMC).
Land use: the draft development plan was published in 2011. The total area of Palghar city is
2211 Ha. The developed area as per this plan is 1782.91 Ha i.e. 81% of the total city area. The
proposed land use in Palghar indicates allocation of 45.97% of the developed land for residential
use, 1.41% for commercial, 11.67% for transportation, 9.89% for industrial and 5.81% for public
PLANITECH CONSULTANTS 1
and semi-public amenities. Of the remaining land, 5.67% is allotted for garden and open spaces
and the rest 0.61% are for utilities. The remaining land area comprises of water bodies, khajan
land, land under railway, green zone, NDZ area, forest area and CRZ buffer zone.
Road and transportation: The city is well connected with surrounding important cities through
road networks. By road: Two important roads are passing through Palghar. One is State Highway
No. 34 coming from National Highway No.8 up to Palghar, which further goes to village Mahim-
Kelwa, another is State Highway No. 4 which goes to Boisar. By rail: Palghar is one of the
prominent station after Virar, it is easily accessible by railway.
Palghar has good network of internal roads but few gaothan and fringe area roads need up
gradation. The internal narrow lanes need to be widened as proposed in the development plan
to resolve traffic and congestion problems.
Public Transport: Six-seaters, bus and Auto-Rickshaw are the main public transport system in
Palghar. Traffic congestion is observed in Palghar core area as well as on few junctions of major
roads. There are no dedicated parking spaces present in the city. There is a need to provide street
light facility as per the standards of coverage in newly developed areas also to develop roads
proposed in development plan on priority basis.
Water Supply: The water supply network for Palghar town has been designed as a piped water
supply system. The Surya River situated at 4km from Palghar serves as a source of water of the
Municipal Council. About 4.55 MLD is supplied from the source. Palghar Municipal Council needs
to augment the water supply system since the water demand is increasing due to rapid increase
in population. All non-slum and slum areas are supplied with 60 lpcd of water. Existing coverage
of water supply connections is 45%. Collection efficiency of water supply related charges is 80%.
There are no metered connection which accounts to low revenue generation to Palghar
Municipal Council from water supply services which needs to be increased.
Sewage and Sanitation: 68.3% of the total households in Palghar have Household/Individual
Sanitation facilities remaining households depend on public toilets and perform open defecation.
Percentage of open defecation is as higher as 20.5%, mostly observed in slum pockets and few
fringe areas. About 11.2% household rely on community toilets. Improper onsite treatment
mechanism, negligence in periodical cleaning of septic tanks, lack of maintenance and cleaning
of public toilet blocks, insufficient infrastructure are some of the issues in Palghar. The open
defecation is also a concern.
Waste water, Septage and Storm Water Management: With existing population of 68930, and
considering 80% of waste water generation, the total amount of wastewater generated is about
3.3 MLD. Palghar lacks completely in underground sewerage system. It is found that 34.9% of the
total HH are connected to closed drain system, 40.6% HH are connected to open drain system.
About 26.8% of HH are not connected to any kind of conveyance system which mainly consist of
the fringe areas of the city. Discharge of untreated waste water into natural drains/ nallahs is
practiced.
Solid Waste Management: The total waste generated in the city is about 24.3MT/day. However,
the total waste collected by means of available vehicles and resources is about 22 MT/day.
Almost 60 % of the total HH of Palghar is under coverage of Door to Door solid waste collection.
Existing dumping site located at about 8 km in North-west direction of the city. The landfill site
needs basic infrastructure like compound wall, access road, etc. At present, Palghar face
inadequacy in necessary infrastructure such as litterbins, field staff, vehicles, etc.
Urban Poverty: Few notified and non-notified slum pockets are sprawled around the core area
in Palghar which adversely affects the city’s infrastructure. As per the census data of 2011, the
total slum population was 2600 and the number of households was 556. Male population was
1369 and that of female was 1231. In Palghar, almost 80-90% of the slum areas have access to
water facility, but the sanitation and sewerage conditions are still very bad. It is therefore
necessary to recognize and clearly identify forms of slum up-gradation.
Social Infrastructure and Recreational Facilities: There are total 44 Educational institute present
in Palghar out of which one is Senior College of St. John Engineering and Pharmacy College and
two junior colleges.In addition to the existing schools, new 34 sites for primary schools with
playgrounds are proposed. New 15 sites for high school and Playground are also propsed in the
development plan. Also 1 site for educational complex is also proposed in development plan.
These institutes need to be provided with basic infrastructure.
There are total 13 Dispensary in the town .The town has two government hospitals and number
of private hospitals, maternity homes, clinics, pathology labs etc. These hospitals and maternity
homes are located in the core area. The newly developing areas i.e. the seven villages around the
Palghar are dependent on the health facilities in Core area. New six sites for dispensary and
maternity homes, one site for hospitals and institution and one site for Gramin Rugnalaya are
proposed in the development plan.
Palghar has few gardens which are well maintained by PMC, but the town is deficient in respect
of play grounds, gardens and open spaces. Proposals for playgrounds are made in the
development plan of Palghar. Accordingly 49 sites for garden and 38 sites of playgrounds are
proposed.
1.5 Assessment of Municipal Finances
For The Municipal Council’s accounts are analysed for recent seven consecutive years i.e. 2007-
08 to 2014-15.
Revenue income is comprised of income generated through various own sources such as Taxes
and non-Tax revenue. In the own sources of revenue income, tax income and non- tax income
contributes maximum. The land and building tax contributes more to the total tax income. The
grants received under revenue income sources contributes maximum to revenue account.
Revenue Expenditure of Municipal Council has been analysed based on expenditure heads,
which are broadly classified in to General Administration, Public Works, Water Supply, Health,
Education, Utilities, Sanitation and Electrification. Revenue expenditure of Municipal Council is
not following any constant trend for Average Growth Rate.
The Capital Income includes Own Sources such as interests in deposits, Sales or lease or
compensation of land and Municipal Properties etc. Apart from Own Sources, Grants received
from State as well as central Government as general grants or project specific grants contributes
to Capital Income account.
The grants were always remained the major source of capital income for Municipal Council and
its increasing every year.
Capital Expenditures comprises of the investment in various capital heads such as general
administration, water supply, sewerage, solid waste management, public health and safety,
public works such as roads, buildings etc., street lights, public utility, social welfare, urban poor
and slum development etc. It is observed that it maximum capital expenditure carried out on
fixed assets, loans-advances-deposits and sundry debtors.
1.6 City Governance and Reforms Framework
The Palghar Municipal Council falls under ‘B’ Class Council category with a population of 68,930.
PMC is obligated to provide basic infrastructure like water supply, drainage, sewerage, and roads
and services such as conservancy, firefighting, streetlights, education and primary health. The
Council, through the President, the advisory committees for different departments and
consultative committees appointed by the General Body, is responsible for the administration of
the urban area. Assisting the general body in its functioning are various committees. The CO is
the key figure in local self-government and is the administrative head of PMC; is assisted by senior
officials in discharging his functions. The CO manages the day-to-day affairs of the Council subject
to approvals and sanctions from the standing committee and the Council. The CO is supported
by officers heading various departments. The key departments include – Public Health, Accounts
and tax, Administration, Water Supply, Public works, sanitation etc.
PMC has been active in taking steps towards implementing reforms. The Modules which are
going successfully live in Palghar Municipal Council under E-Governance Project are Birth and
Death Module, Water Tax Module, Accounts Module, CARE Module (Complaints and Grievance
Redressal Management), UWMS Module (User Workflow Management System), EIP Module
(Enterprise Information Portal), CFC Module (Citizen Facilitation Center), Town Planning Module,
Property tax Module, etc.
1.7 Formulation of Vision Statement
The CDP is the Municipal Council’s strategy that outlines the vision for the growth of the city and
details how the Council, together with stakeholders, intends to achieve its long-term vision. In
this context, stakeholder consultations were conducted to arrive at the vision for the
development of Palghar and to understand the issues of the city. Various rounds of consultations
in the form of workshops and focus group discussions were held during the survey period.
Consultation with Municipal Council: The consultation was basically a kick-off meeting with the
PMC officials to make them aware of the CDP process. The objective of the consultation was to
get the implementing agency’s views on issues such as the importance of town, the strengths of
the town and the desired focus areas for the development of the town and the region. Various
officials, including the Chief Officer, President, heads of departments, were consulted.
Consultation with People: This was held to bring together the stakeholders to define the vision
for the city and the various sectors of Palghar. The Consultation fostered an understanding
amongst the stakeholders regarding the importance of CDP, the key facts that need to be kept in
mind during envisioning and the present status of town.
Based on the inputs of the stakeholders a SWOT analysis was carried out for the city. Finally,
based on the consultations, a review of the current status of Palghar and the SWOT analysis, the
vision for Palghar was defined thus –
“Strengthening the infrastructure of Palghar to emerge as a self-sufficient District
Headquarter and strong Growth Center.”
1.8 Investment Capacity and Sustenance
The investment capacity of PMC is assessed through a Financial Projection – Financial Operating
Plan (FOP), which gives a multi-year forecast of finances of the local body for a medium term. In
line with the phasing of identified investment from 2016-17 to 2020-21, the sustainability of PMC
has been worked out. In determining the long-term financial strategy, PMC plans to raise
resources and fund the Capital Investment Plan (CIP) by accessing funds available under
Nagarotthan Maha-abhiyan and using internal sources of revenue. PMC plans to improve the
internal sources of revenue through revision of water and sewerage tariffs at specific intervals,
transfer of water and sewerage tax to the relevant account heads, maintenance of the collection
performance of taxes and charges and increase of its borrowings. Given the existing financial
position of PMC, the revenue and capital accounts of PMC are projected against the growth
scenario and assumptions.
The requirement of capital in the first phase of five years is identified as 103.83 Crores at current
prices. It is recommended to raise 20% of the yearly investment through loans from MUIDCL or
any such institution and gain the 80% grants from State Government if funds are not available
with Municipal Council. In case, if the net income of PMC is less than expected (less than 25% of
the total investment), the PMC can load the capital which can be repaid by increasing the income
through revenue income. The debt servicing ratio should be maintained up to 1.25 to make the
loan a secure loan.
1.9 Proposed Projects
The total estimated capital investment required for providing efficient services to the present
population and future population of PMC by the year 2036 is Rs. 406.4 Crores at current prices.
Of this, a sum of Rs. 103.83 crores is proposed for investment by 2016-21(Phase 1). The table
below presents the summary of PMC’s sector-wise total investment needs and investments for
the CDP period.
Table 1-1 Proposed Projects for PMC
Sr. Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3 Phase 4 Total

Sectors
No (2016-21) (2022-26) (2027-31) (2032-36) (2016-36)
1 Water Supply 2339 886 886 886 4998
2 Sewerage and Sanitation 776 6241 1791 901 9710
3 Transportation 3699 3369 3150 3135 13354
4 Solid Waste Management 193 199 99 24 515
5 Slums and Urban Poor 528 483 35 30 1075
6 Urban Governance 75 30 40 20 165
Economic and Environmental 705 805 575 465 2550

7
Development
Growth Management and land 2069 2069 2069 2069 8274
8
Use
Total Cost on Infrastructure 10383 14082 8645 7530 40640
Growth Management and land

9 Use ( Inclusive of Land Acquisition 8543 8543 8543 8543 34172
Cost)
1.10 Expected Outcomes
PMC’s current levels of service delivery have a substantial scope for further improvement.
Moreover there is a need to rejuvenate the economic activity in the city by facilitating the
development of activities in secondary sector. Through this City Development Plan, PMC intends
to provide the necessary civic amenities to the citizens. The resource requirement can be
realistically met with funds under Nagarotthan Scheme, PMC’s internal revenues and expected
additional revenues from implementation of reform measures.
At the end of the CDP period, PMC would have achieved full and higher quality service coverage
and would also be able to maintain a sustainable financial position. PMC would also have built
on its strong governance framework and ensured modern financial management, effective E-
Governance and transparency in its functions. After the said development in the commercial
sector, along with the improvement in the infrastructural services, Palghar would be famous as
self-sustainable city in the region.
2 BACKGROUND
2.1 City Development Plan
City planning involves the intricate details of understanding the requirements of the city and its
various divisions and utilizing the land to the best of benefit. It is like promoting development by
implementing decisions and turning the town into a planned city, without interfering with the
environmental features. Cities play a critical role in the economic development process of the
nation. They are the engines of economic growth and places of high productivity. While cities
generate more than a proportionate share of the State’s income, they also pose certain
challenges. The challenges such as providing access to serviced land for housing the urban poor,
provision of basic amenities and facilities and a system to plan and manage these. Thus, urban
investments in economic, physical and social infrastructure at adequate levels are a prerequisite.
A City Development Plan (CDP) is a comprehensive document outlining the vision and
development strategy for future development of the city, prepared in consultation with a wide
range of stakeholders to identify the thrust areas to be addressed on a priority basis in order to
achieve the objectives and the vision. It thus provides the overall framework within which
projects are identified and put forward in a City Investment Plan.
CDP aims at helping the urban local bodies (ULBs) to-
a) Develop a vision for its city;
b) Ascertain the gap between existing infrastructure and investment;
c) Set out priorities, sequencing and timeline for undertaking various reforms and specific
investment and
d) Financial mechanism of investment.
CDP is a vision document of the city through which a medium term perspective of city planning
can be worked out. The exercise is a consultative process through which stakeholder opinion is
collected for deciding the direction and priorities of city development. CDP then provides lists of
priorities and investment plans through which a detailed project can be developed for each
priority pertaining to primary infrastructure and basic services to urban poor.
Taking the cue from the central government's Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission
(JNNURM) scheme which aimed at executing infrastructure projects in major cities and metros,
the Maharashtra government has come up with a funding scheme, worked out on similar lines,
for infrastructure projects in smaller cities in the state.
The scheme — Maharashtra Suvarna Jayanti Nagarotthan Maha-abhiyan, aims to support
municipal bodies not falling under the JNNURM scheme. It is an attempt to raise the standard of
living of people in smaller cities by improving transportation, solid waste management, water
supply and eliminating slums. The scheme will be implemented in class 'D' municipal corporations
and main municipal councils.
The major objectives of the Maharashtra Suvarna Jayanti Nagarotthan Maha-abhiyan are to
provide various urban infrastructure in the urban areas of the State as per the standards
prescribed by the Government, develop infrastructure facilities related to education and health
as per the class of the city and enhance the social infrastructure along with the aesthetic features
of the cities.
The state government has suggested three optional modules to implement the scheme. The
mission cities will first have to explore the possibility of implementing the projects under public-
private partnership (PPP). If the PPP model does not work out, the state will provide assistance
either by 'viability gap funding' or by providing loans at concessional rates. Funds will be allocated
for the approved projects in the state budget. The scheme focuses on:
 Improving and augmenting the economic and social infrastructure of cities.
 Ensuring basic services to the urban poor, including security of tenure.
 Initiating wide-ranging urban sector reforms whose primary aim is to eliminate the legal,
institutional and financial constraints that have impeded investment in urban
infrastructure and services upon completion of the scheme, it is expected that the
respective ULB will have achieved the following outcomes:
 Modern and transparent budgeting, accounting, and financial management systems will
be designed and adopted for all urban services and governance functions.
 A citywide framework for planning and governance will be established and become
operational. All urban residents will be able to access a basic level of urban services.
 Financially self-sustaining agencies for urban governance and service delivery will be
established through reforms.
 Local services and governance will be conducted in a transparent and accountable
manner.
 E-Governance applications will be introduced in gaothan with transparent functions of
ULBs/ parastatals resulting in reduced cost and time of service delivery processes. In
order to be eligible for grant assistance under the scheme, GoI requires eligible cities to
prepare project proposals (detailed project reports) and submit them to state level
nodal agencies for appraisal.
Figure 2-1 Framework of CDP

Cities have to draw up a timeline for implementing the urban sector reforms. Preparation of a
City Development Plan (CDP) taking into consideration the potential for development of the city
over the next 20 years will be mandatory for every urban area participating in the Maharashtra
Suvarna Jayanti Nagarotthan Maha-Abhiyan. The CDP should incorporate, based on the future
needs, measures necessary for development of various basic urban services, education and
health infrastructure and social facilities for the city. The Palghar Municipal Council (PMC) plans
to avail of the funds under this scheme for the improvement of its urban infrastructure. These
funds would need to be directed towards priority actions and projects.
In this context, PMC appointed Planitech Consultants; Pune to prepare the City Development
Plan (CDP) of the Palghar city.
2.2 Objectives of CDP
The City Development Plan (CDP) is aims at identifying an integrated solution to problems facing
the city. It identifies an economic growth strategy as well as actions that would be required by
various agencies to ensure sustainable development of the city. The CDP is the council’s
corporate strategy that presents both a vision of a desired future for the city and the
municipality’s organization, as well as mission statements on how the municipality, together with
other stakeholders, intends to work towards achieving this long-term vision in the next five years.
“It is essential for a city to systematically think of the future, and determine how it wishes to
shape that future.” A City Development Plan (CDP) is both a perspective and a vision for the
future development of a city. It presents the current stage of the city’s development – where are
we now? It sets out the directions of change – where do we want to go? It identifies the thrust
areas — what do we need to address on a priority basis? It also suggests alternative routes,
strategies, and interventions for bringing about the change – what interventions do we make in
order to attain the vision? It provides a framework and vision within which projects need to be
identified and implemented. It establishes a logical and consistent framework for evaluation of
investment decisions.
The CDP should lead to the translation of missions into actions and actions into outcomes. The
objective of involving stakeholders through a consultation process and securing endorsements
of the proposed actions of the local body and other implementing agencies is to hold these bodies
accountable for their mission statements, actions and expected outcomes. The CDP clearly
defines how a council will serve its customers (businesses and citizens). The CDP will also outline
how the council plans to run its business. The CDP will elaborate how the council intends to
manage public finance in a modern and transparent way; execute urban planning and governance
in line with an established framework; and become more responsive -cost and time efficient – by
availing of technology in its governance and service delivery processes. Finally, the CDP will reveal
the council’s strategy to manage its resources, i.e., how it intends to increase revenues and
expand its tax base to allow for self-sustaining urban service delivery; improve its credit-
worthiness; and recruit and retain a skilled workforce.
2.3 The CDP Process Adopted By Palghar
The formulation of the CDP for Palghar was divided into four phases and involved the following
tasks and activities. The entire process is as shown below:
Figure 2-2 Approach to formation of City Development Plan

The steps involved in the preparation of city development plan of Palghar are shown in the image
below.
The City Development Plan, thus prepared with the involvement of the stakeholders is a forward-
looking consensus program for the city.
It outlines the way to:
 Improve service levels,
 Improve financial sustainability, and
 Create a citizen-friendly, accountable and transparent administration by implementing
reforms as per the scheme guidelines.
3 ABOUT PALGHAR CITY

3.1 History of the town
In British era, Palghar was a small village and Mahim was its tehsil. However, in 1867 British
government laid railway line between Mumbai to Baroda (Gujarat) to make it convenient to send
the cotton of Baroda to England for their cotton mills. The Palghar railway station has come to
existence in 1893. However, the development of Palghar in true sense started after the rich
people and landlords of Mahim migrated to Palghar because of epidemic like malaria and plague.
In 1896-1897 the tribal community (local resident) put the Mahim Tehsil Office on fire by getting
rid of draught and attitude of government. Therefore, the tehsil Office was shifted to Palghar
from Mahim, even today the Tehsil Office is functioning from same building. The building was
constructed in the year 1923. The first school established in Palghar in the year 1920. Today it is
famous as Aryan High School.
The flourishing business of dry grass which began in those days is still going on. We can see many
grass godowns in the city. On 14th August, 1942 during Morcha of Tahsil Kacheri, five youngsters
of Palghar were killed in British police firing. Their memory is live today in form of “Hutatma
Chowk “where five Lamps (Batti) are always lighting to remind their courage. The Chowk is
popularly known as” Panch Batti Chowk”.
Palghar is a fast developing town situated on north of Mumbai and Vasai. It is “B” class Municipal
Council. Palghar is approximately 25 km away from National Highway No.8 (Mumbai-Ahmadabad
Highway). The sea coast is approximately 20 km. away from the Palghar Municipal limit. Palghar
is surrounded on North side by village Kolgaon, Nandore and Morekuran; West side by village
Kharekuran and Dhansar; South side by Mahim and Varkhunti and East side by village Chahade,
Shelavali and Ambadi. Tarapur-Boisar industrial area is situated on north side about 12 km away
from Palghar.
3.2 Geography
3.2.1 Location
The town is situated at latitude 19041’ north and at longitude 72045’ East with an average
elevation of 7m above mean sea level. Palghar town is located approximately 35 km away from
Virar station. Its location from important places in the district is as under.
Table 1.1: Connectivity
Name of the town Distance
Virar 35km (By Railway)
Boisar 12km
Manor 15km
Mahim 10km
Satpati 10km
Fig 1.1: Location of Palghar

Palghar is one of the prominent stations after Virar, it is easily accessible by railway as well as by
National Highway No-8. Today Palghar town is District Head Quarter.
The area of Palghar Municipal Council is 22.11sq.km. The boundary of the Municipal Council is as
per notification issued by government dated 17th September, 1998.
3.2.2 Spatial pattern and terrain:
Palghar Municipal Council (B Class) is established on 17th September 1998 under the
Maharashtra Municipal Councils, Nagar Panchayat and Industrial Townships Act 1965. The town
which was divided in 18 municipal wards in earlier Municipal elections is now divided into 25
wards in 2005 election. There are 8 villages in Municipal Council i.e. Palghar, Alyali, Tembhode,
Gothanpur, Gholvira, Vevur, Navli and Lokmanyanagar.
Topographically Palghar town has generally plane and table land. Except some part of village
where Vevur has range mountains and forest are found.
3.2.3 Connectivity:
By road: Two important roads are passing through Palghar. One is State Highway No. 34 coming
from National Highway No.8 up to Palghar, which further goes to village Mahim-Kelwa, another
is State Highway No. 4 which goes to Boisar. By rail: Palghar is one of the prominent station after
Virar, it is easily accessible by railway.
3.2.4 Climate and rainfall:
The location of the town being in the hot and temperate region and in the areas covered by the
south western prevailing winds, there are two distinct seasons, one extending from mid-June to
September, and the other for the rest of the year. In this season there are rare rains due to local
cyclones or depress.
The average minimum and maximum temperature at Palghar ranges from 10.50C and 380C
respectively. The maximum average monthly temperature of 280C is recorded in the month of
May. The minimum average (monthly temperature) 220C is recorded in the month of February.
Palghar is not directly coastal town and hence the temperature variation during the year is minor.
The average annual rainfall is about 700 mm. The highest rainfall occurs in the month of July. The
rainfall is not evenly distributed in a period of a year. The humidity of Palghar town occasionally
falls below 50%.
Table 3-2: Climate Data of Palghar
Altitude 7 m(MSL)
Maximum temperature 380C
Minimum temperature 10.50C
Average rainfall 700mm
3.3 Civic administration
Palghar municipal council falls under ‘B’ class council category with a population of 68,930 as per
2011 Census data .Palghar was earlier divided into 18 wards but now it is divided into 25 wards
in 2005 election. The Municipal Council has 25 councillors. There are seven subject committees
namely
1. Standing Committee
2. Woman and Child Welfare Committee
3. Planning and Development Committee
4. Education Committee
5. Water Supply and Sewerage Committee
6. Public Health and Sanitation Committee
7. Public Works Committee
Figure 3-1.2: Municipal Council Building of Palghar

3.4 Demographic profile:
The knowledge of basic demographic trends is essential to sort out the problems and the exact
needs of the area.it gives idea regarding the habitation of people and their basic requirements,
which the authorities should consider while planning the city. The population figures of Palghar
town during the last 5 decades are as under. The figures are as per census.
Table 3-1 Population of Palghar
Year Population
1961 14,372
1971 17,744
1981 23,401
1991 30,590
2001 52,677
2011 68,930
Source: Census of India 2011

The Palghar city is divided into 25 wards for which elections are held every 5 years. The Palghar
Municipal council has population of 68,930 of which 36,523 are males while 32,407 are females
as per report released by Census India 2011.It is seen from population table that population has
gradually increased during 1991-2001.The percentage increase in Last decade and Second last
decade appears to be more as compared to other decades.
Table 3-2 Comparative demography indicators with State and District
Palghar
State
Demographic indicators District (Palghar) Municipal
(Maharashtra)
Council (PMC)
Population 2011 11,23,74,333 29,90,116 68,930
Area (Sq. Km) 3,07,713 5,344 22.11
Density (Persons/Sq. Km) 365 560 3117
Sex Ratio: Females per

930 914 888
1000 males
Literacy Rate (%) 82.34 88.31 87.89
` Source: Census of India 2011
4 ECONOMIC BASE OF PALGHAR

4.1 Introduction
Industrial Activities in the Palghar: There are 27,786 total Working population in Palghar. There
are major industries on north east and south east boundary of the Palghar .There are various
industries such as books, steels, socks, printing of notebooks etc. However, major industrial setup
is at Boisar (12 km) away from Palghar. Many workers are engaged in the industrial area of Boisar
as well as Palghar.
4.2 Work participation ratio
The term “Work” is used in a special sense in the census. “Works may be defined as participation
in any economically productive activity”. Such participation may be physical or mental in nature.
“Work” involves not only actual work, but also effective supervision and direction of work. It also
includes unpaid work on farm or in family enterprise.
As per the Census, All those who had worked for the major part of the preceding year were
recorded as main workers (at least 6 months or 183 days) while those who worked for some time
during the preceding year but not for the major part, have been treated as marginal workers. All
those who had not worked at all during the last year, were recorded as non-workers. Persons
engaged in household duties, students, dependents, retired persons, renters, beggars are some
of the categories grouped as non-workers.
Table 4-1: Workers Population Palghar as per Census 2011
% Marginal workers to
% Main workers to
% Total workers to
Marginal Workers
% Non-workers to
Total Population
total Population
total Population
total Population
total Population
Non-Workers
Main Worker
Total Worker
Year
1971 17744 3446 19.42 2697 15.20 NA NA 11601 65.38
1981 23401 8320 35.55 4109 17.56 459 1.96 15519 66.32
1991 30590 11220 36.68 11220 36.68 332 1.09 19038 62.24
2001 52677 20233 38.41 18278 34.70 1955 3.71 32444 61.59
2011 68930 27786 40.31 25176 36.52 2610 3.79 41144 59.69
Source: Census of India, 2011

The work Participation ratio in Palghar is 40.31 percent, according to 2011 census data. The
average Work Participation ratio for the last five decades is 34.5. An increase in the marginal
workers was observed in 2001 the reason being increase in contract basis employment
opportunities in industries.
The Workers Participation ratio for Palghar is almost similar to that of urban area in Palghar
district and that of the Workers participation ratio of urban areas in Maharashtra as seen in the
table below.
The Marginal Work Participation ratio for Palghar is 3.79 %, which is almost similar to that of
urban areas in Palghar district 3.88 % and is more than that of the state 3 %.This reflects that
there is a low level of livelihood security and more workers face uncertainty with respect to their
sources of income in comparison to that of the state.
Table 4-2: Worker Participation Ratio for Maharashtra, Palghar District and Palghar (2011)
% Total % Main % Marginal % Non-

workers to workers to workers to workers to
State/District/Town Year
Total Total Total Total
Population Population Population Population
Total 43.99 38.94 5.04 56.01
Maharashtra Rural 49.79 43.07 6.73 50.21
Urban 36.95 33.95 3.00 63.05
Total 43.81 35.73 8.07 56.19
Palghar District Rural 47.92 35. 26 12.66 52.08
Urban 40.05 36.17 3.88 59.95
Palghar 40.31 36.52 3.79 59.69

According to the 2011 census, the total number of Non-workers in Palghar are 41144. Therefore
the dependency ratio for Palghar is 1.48, i.e. for a worker who earns an income, there are 1.48
non-workers who don’t, or every worker supports 2.76 persons including him /she on his/her
own income.
4.3 Industries
Existing area under industrial use is about 144.67 Ha which is 26.59% of the developed area and
6.54% of the total area. It proves that the area under industrial use is negligible as compared to
the area of the town. The existing industrial area contains small scale industries as well as
medium and large scale industries. Existing Industrial area distributed within Palghar is as below.
 Industrial Area in Vevur
 BIDCO industrial area at Lokmanya Nagar.
 DIWAN industrial area at village Alayali
 Palghar Industrial Estate
 Bachu Bhai industrial estate (on southern boundary of the town )
Industrial area near Vishnunagar is also fully developed and generating employment. One of the
old industrial areas in Palghar is situated at BIDCO which is partly within Palghar Municipal Limit
area and partly out of Municipal Limit. There are 50 small to medium size chemicals,
pharmaceuticals, bulk drugs ,stationary , plastic manufacturing units located in above industrial
area. There is one small scale Co-Operative Industrial Estate named “Palghar Co-Operative
industrial Estate” is situated on Palghar-Boisar Road admeasuring about 22 acres.
Figure 4.9: Map showing location of Major industries
Figure 4.10: Industries in Palghar

4.4 Growth potential
The town has good economic base due its commercial and industrial character which is
surrounded by the rich agricultural hinter land. Commercial activities within the area are seen
mostly in the form of shops. However, widespread commercial activities are seen in the inner
core of the town. There is one APMC established in the city comprising area about 22 acres. It is
not developed up to the mark but is has good potential due to concentration of wide spread
commercial and industrial activities in and around the town and having good connectivity.
The industrial estates present in Palghar provides employment opportunities as well as good
place for the people to reside which shows that has good growth potential.
5 CITY ASSESSMENT – SITUATION ANALYSIS
City assessment provides a reality check for visioning, through a basic understanding of the
city, its environment and various resources, the context for strategy formulation, a baseline
for assessment of the demand-supply gap, past trends to influence projections for the future
and a basis for measurement of achievement of the plan. Thus various aspects of the city’s
development should have been examined and understood – from a macro as well as a micro
perspective which are stated in this chapter.
5.1 Demography
5.1.1 Growth Pattern
Palghar has grown sporadically over the years and has evolved as an industrial, market town and
now developing as district headquarter. The population of Palghar has increased gradually from
the year 1971 to 1991.A drastic increase in the growth rate is found from the year 1991 to 2001
major reason being increase in the expansion of the boundary of the municipal council and
establishment of major industrial estates. The growth rate of population in the year 2011 was
30.85 % which is similar to that of past growth rates.
Table 5-1: Population of Palghar –year 1971 to 2011
Year Population Growth Rate
1971 17744
1981 23401 31.88
1991 30590 30.72
2001 52677 72.20
2011 68930 30.85
Source: Census of India

5.1.2 Population Projection
Looking at the growth trend of the town, it is found that the growth rate is gradual. Palghar is an
industrial and market town where majority of employment opportunities are related to service
and Trade and commerce activities being the district headquarters.
The graphical method for population projection show increasing trend. The geometric method is
found to be the most appropriate method for district headquarter town like Palghar which
accounts for one of the future suburb of Mumbai .The population of the town is projected up to
2036 with 5 years of intervals. The population at 2036 is 155421.
Graphical Demograhic Trend

300000
250000
200000
150000
100000
68930
52677
50000 23401 30590
17744
0
1971 1981 1991 2001 2011 2021 2031 2041
Table 5-2 : Population projections
Year Projected Population
Geometric Increase Incremental Increase

Arithmetic method
method method
2016 75328 81101 76653
2021 81727 95422 85259
2026 88125 112272 94747
2031 94523 132096 105119
2036 100921 155421 116374

5.1.3 House Hold Size
The Average household size for Palghar is 4.24 according to 2011 census.
5.1.4 Sex Ratio
Sex ratio reflects the socioeconomic and demographic characteristics. Higher sex ratio denotes
higher out-migration of the male population and lower sex ratio is the sign of immigration of
single male population. Better economic opportunities have a dominant effect on in a migration
and vice-versa. Also the awareness amongst the people in terms of gender equality also affects
the sex ratio. If compared with the average sex ratio 930 females for every thousand males for
the state and 935 for Palghar District which is higher than that of the state average, Palghar has
888 females for every thousand males which is less than that of state and district in 2011.
Generally, rural areas have a higher proportion of females than the urban areas as a higher
degree of urbanization and more employment opportunity results in a lower sex ratio due to
single male in migration. The sex ratio figures for rural and urban areas are 996 and 882 for
Palghar district and that of Palghar is 888 in 2011. Disparity is observed in terms of sex ratio in
the rural and urban area in Palghar district. The Sex ratio in Palghar has been 869, 905, 893,839
and 888 in 1971, 1981, 1991, 2001 and 2011 respectively.
Lower sex ratio than the State and district urban indicates in-migration of male population in
Palghar for better educational and economic opportunities.
Table 5-3: Sex Ratio Comparisons (State, District and Town)
Sex Ratio - 2011 Census
India Maharashtra Palghar District Palghar Town
Total 943 930 935
Rural 952 996 888
Urban 904 882

5.1.5 Child Sex Ratio
The Sex ratio worked out on the basis of population of all ages is not indicative of any clear picture
to know whether it is favourable for female or not. The sex composition at different ages of the
population is affected by a number of factors. Differential mortality rates and sex specific
migration are the two important factors to distort the natural sex ratio. When the net migration
rate for both male and female is equal, but still the sex ratio is distorted, then there is concern to
check whether there is any interference in natural sex ratio or the mortality rates are overriding.
With the limited data available we will only consider the age 0 to 6. Though the child mortality
rate is prevalent this sex ratio is not affected by any sort of migration. This sex ratio is very close
to sex ratio at birth. Any variation in this sex ratio depicts the differential child mortality rate and
extent of medical interference with pregnancies in the form of selective sex abortion also known
as female feticide.
The Crude sex ratio at birth for Palghar is 933 in 2011 it has increased as compared to that in
2001 which reflects the increasing awareness among the people.
Table 5-4: Population 0-6 Age Group for Last Three Decades
Year Population (0-6 yrs.) Male (0-6 yrs.) Female (0-6 yrs.) Sex Ratio
1991 4558 2349 2209 940
2001 6933 3733 3200 857
2011 8139 4210 3929 933

5.1.6 Literacy
A person who can both read and write with understanding in any language is to be taken as
literate by the Indian census. A person, who can merely read but cannot write, is not literate. It
is not necessary that a person who is literate should have received any formal education or should
have passed any minimum educational standard. In addition to this for the 1991 census, all
children of age 6 years or less are treated as illiterates even though they may be going to school
and can read and write a few odd words. In earlier census, this limitation was up to the age of 4.
It has been also decided to use only effective literacy rates for the 1991 census, i.e. the ratio of
literates and population excluding the age group of 0-6. Factors such as location, proximity to
urban centers, caste composition, settlement pattern, level of social and economic development,
attitude of towns towards literacy and female education, availability of school and teachers, etc.
are quite important factors and each one of these factors exert considerable influence on the
literacy rate.
The Male literacy rate had increased from 83.03% to 91.8% and female literacy rate had increased
from 66.39% to 83.47% from 1991 to 2011. The male and female literacy rate shows increment
of 8.7% and 17.07% this reflects increasing awareness among people regarding male–female
equality and importance of education.
Literacy Rate (%)

94.00
92.00
90.00
88.00
86.00
84.00
82.00
80.00
78.00
Persons Male Literacy Female Literacy
Literacy Rate Rate Rate
Maharashtra (Urban) 88.69 92.12 84.89
Palghar (Urban) 88.31 91.58 84.58
Palghar (MCL) 87.90 91.80 83.47
Maharashtra (Urban) Palghar (Urban) Palghar (MCL)
Table 5-5: Literacy rate comparison (state, district and town)
Literacy Rate (%)
Maharashtra Palghar District Palghar
Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female
2011 Total 82.34 88.38 75.87 77.04 83.40 70.23
Rural 77.01 85.15 68.54 64.30 73.55 55.03 87.90 91.80 83.47
Urban 88.69 92.12 84.89 88.31 91.58 84.58

On comparison with the urban literacy rate of Maharashtra literacy rate of Palghar is at a lower
side and is almost equal to that of Palghar district.
5.1.7 Scheduled Caste
The Scheduled Caste population accounts for 4.96 % of the total population in Palghar. The Sex
ratio is 927 as on 2011. The SC Sex ratio has reduced from 1052 to 927 which reflect lack in the
standard of living and need for increase in awareness among people.
Table 5-6: Population of scheduled caste (1971 to 2011)
% of Total Growth Rate SC Sex

Year SC Population SC Male SC Female
Population (%) Ratio
1971 597 3.36 291 306 1052
1981 797 3.41 33.50 400 397 993
1991 873 2.85 9.54 437 436 998
2001 1897 3.60 117.30 1001 896 896
2011 3419 4.96 80.23 1775 1644 927
SC Population
4000
3000
2000
1000
0
1971 1981 1991 2001 2011
SC Female 306 397 436 896 1644
SC Male 291 400 437 1001 1775
SC Male SC Female
5.1.8 Scheduled Tribes

The Scheduled tribe’s population accounts for 14.10 % of the total population in Palghar. The Sex
ratio is 1047 as of 2011.
Table 5-7: Population of scheduled tribes (1971-2011)
ST % of Total Growth
Year ST Male ST Female ST Sex Ratio
Population Population Rate ( % )
1971 3787 21.34 1950 1837 943
1981 5430 23.20 43.39 2772 2658 959
1991 5366 17.54 -1.18 2718 2648 975
2001 7933 15.06 47.84 3951 3982 1008
2011 9720 14.10 22.53 4750 4970 1047
ST Population
15000
10000
5000
0
1971 1981 1991 2001 2011
ST Female 1837 2658 2648 3982 4970
ST Male 1950 2772 2718 3951 4750
ST Male ST Female
5.2 Social and cultural Environment

Socio-economic development can be facilitated and accelerated by the presence of social and
economic infrastructures. To assess the social and cultural environment; social infrastructure,
cultural traditions, and lifestyle in the context of the development are studied. The parameters
are covered and their significance are as below:
5.2.1 Educational Facilities
Education is a very important source of economic growth. Even though education may be a social
investment, it is also an economic investment since it enhances the stock of human capital.
Figure 5-1: Government Schools
Figure 5-2: Private Schools
Figure 5-3 Colleges in Palghar

At present Palghar has sufficient number of primary and secondary education institute,but they
lack in number in the newly developing area. There are total 44 Educational institute present in
Palghar out of which one is Senior College of St. John Engineering and Pharmacy College and two
junior colleges.In addition to the existing schools, new 34 sites for primary schools with
playgrounds are proposed. New 15 sites for high school and Playground are also propsed in the
development plan. Also 1 site for educational complex is also proposed in development plan.
These institutes need to be provided with basic infrastructure.
Key issues
The sanitation facilities at ZP schools are observed very poor.The drinking water
facility,playground facilities,computer lab facilities are seen inadequate.Awareness of sanitation
facilities is absent in educational institutes.The hygiene condition in and around the schools,
Awganwadies is not maintained.
5.2.2 Health Facilities
Health like education is another important argument in the socio-economic production function.
Health is one of the major determinants of labour productivity and efficiency. Public health deals
with the environment in which economic activities take place.
Public health measures consists of the improvement of environmental sanitation, removal of

stagnant and polluted water, slum clearance, clean water supply, better sewage facilities, Control
of communicable diseases, provision of medical and health services, especially in maternal and
child welfare, health education, family planning, and above all, for the training of health and
medical personnel.
Figure 4: Hospitals
There are total 13 Dispensary in the town .The town has two government hospitals and number
of private hospitals, maternity homes, clinics, pathology labs etc. These hospitals and maternity
homes are located in the core area. The newly developing areas i.e. the seven villages around the
Palghar are dependent on the health facilities in Core area. So it is necessary to have the medical
shops and hospitals in all sides of the town. The existing hospitals do not have all the lasted
medical equipment, so people of Palghar tend to take the treatment at Mumbai as no
paramedical facilities are available at Palghar. New 6 sites for dispensary and maternity homes,
1 site for hospitals and institution and 1 site for Gramin Rugnalaya are proposed in the
development plan.
5.2.3 Recreation Facilities
Gardens and Play Grounds: The Palghar is deficient in respect of play grounds, gardens and open
spaces. The existing provision of organized open space and park in Palghar town is not adequate.
There is no single well maintained garden developed by the Municipal Council. Presently
playground of Aryan High School is utilised by the citizen as a recreation facility. Proposals for
playgrounds are made in the development plan of Palghar. Accordingly 49 sites for garden and
38 sites of playgrounds are proposed.
Cinema Theatre: There are three Cinema theatres available in the city, namely “Prakash Talkies”
situated near State Bank of India on Palghar-Mahim road, “Raj Talkies” located on Palghar-
Tembhode road and “Gold Cinema Mini Theatre” situated on Palghar-Mahim road.
Figure 5-4 Playgrounds

Market: Commercial activities are concentrated in the Core area of the city. Commercial area is
surrounded near railway station on west side, wholesale and retail vegetable, grocery and fish
market situated near station and below existing building of municipal council. Daily vegetable
market in forms of hawkers is available on main roads such as Palghar-Mahim Road; Devisha
Road, Station Road and Boisar Road. As the roads are narrow, there is often congestion in
commercial areas. The weekly market in Palghar is held on Friday along the Palghar-Mahim Road.
On street shopping activity observed along the Palghar Mahim Road, Devisha Road, and along all
internal roads of Old-Palghar.
Figure 5-5 Market Areas

5.2.4 Religious Places
Temples: There are many temples scattered throughout the town such as Laxmi Narayan temple,
Sai temple, etc.
Mosque and Dargah: There are few Mosques in Palghar. Sunni Jama Masjid is located on the
Kacheri road.
Figure 5-6 Religious Places

5.2.5 Public Utilities
Cremation and Burial Grounds
There is total seven sites of burial ground/Cremation grounds are in existence. These are
adequate as per the standards so, only extension to existing six sites have been provided in
development plan.
Table no. : Details of Cremation and Burial Grounds
Name of the Cremation/Burial Facility

Sr.No
Ground
Water Toilet Compound Shade
Facility Facility Wall Facility
1 Burial Ground, Gothanpur x x x x
2 Cremation Ground, Dungipada  x  
3 Cremation Ground, Lokmanyanagar x x x x
4 Cremation Ground, Tembhode x x x 
5 Cremation Ground, Alyali x x x 
6 Cremation Ground, Navli NA
7 Cremation Ground, Gholvira NA
Source: Primary Survey
Figure 5-7 Cremation and Burial Grounds
Figure 5-8 Maps Showing Location of Cremation and Burial Grounds

5.2.6 Other Amenities and Utilities
There are offices of different departments such as Fire extinguisher, R.T.O, P.W.D ,MSEB, Police
station etc.They are provided with the area as required in the development plan.
5.2.7 Administrative office
Figure 5-9 Administrative Office

Most of the administrative office located on Kacheri road. Construction of new collector office is
going on outside the municipal limit. Following are the major district offices in in Palghar –
 District health office
 Health squad
 Panchayat Samiti Karyalay
 Palghar taluka sagar sahakari mudranalaya
 Taluka Krishi office
 Municipal council
 Collector office
 Central administrative building
 Govt. of India income Tax office
All the administrative office are at walking distance from Railway station and Bus Stand.
Figure 5-10 Map for administrative Office

5.3 Physical Environment
5.3.1 Land Use and Urban Environment
The existing pattern of the land use is the result of the past growth and the present activities of
the town. Thus the survey of land use provides the knowledge about how much land is put to the
various uses and what are the factors in fixing the extent of land uses for the particular activities
and how much more is needed for providing future growth and to what scale.
5.3.2 Land use as per the Development Plan
The survey of all the area within the municipal limit was carried out with a view to ascertain the
present use of land and to prepare an existing land use map as required under the provision of
Maharashtra Regional and Town planning act 1966 u/s 25.The Existing Land Use Survey of Palghar
Municipal area was carried out during the year 2008 and handed over to Municipal Council on
15th September, 2008.
The existing land use distribution showing Palghar Municipal Council with all surrounding
villages is shown on adjoining figure
Figure 5-11 Existing Land use ( % to the total area)
Figure no 2: Existing Land use (% to the Developed area)

Source -Draft Development Plan, Palghar
The existing land use and proposed land use as per the development plan for the palghar is given
in the table.
Table 5-8 Existing Land Use as per DP
Sr.No Land-Use Area in Ha % with Developed Area % with Town Area

1 Residential 245.18 45.07 11.09
2 Commercial 11.85 2.18 0.54
3 Industrial 144.67 26.59 6.54
4 Recreational 2.18 0.4 0.1
5 Public-Semi public 58.11 10.68 2.63
6 Public Utility 10.43 1.92 0.47
7 Traffic and Transportation 71.56 13.16 3.24
Developed Area (A) 543.98 100 24.61
8 Land Under Railway 34 1.54
9 Agriculture land 743.79 33.64
10 Hilly Area 71.7 3.24
11 Forest Area 217.75 9.85
12 Vacant Land 416.2 18.82
13 Water Bodies 19.28 0.87
14 Horticulture Land 117.91 5.33
15 Khajan Land 46.39 2.1
Non-Developed Area (B) 1667.02 75.39
Total Town Area(A)+(B) 2211 100
Figure 5-12 Proposed Land use (% to the Town Area)

Source – Draft Development Plan, Palghar
Proposed Land use ( % to the Developed Area )
14%
1%
Residential
7% Commercial
7% Industrial
57% Recreational
12%
2%
Figure 5-13 Existing Land use ( % to the Developed area)

Source – Draft Development Plan, Palghar
Table 5-9 Proposed Land use as per DP
Area in % with Town

Sr.No Land-Use % with Developed Area
Ha Area
1 Residential 1016.5 57.01 45.97
2 Commercial 31.21 1.75 1.41
3 Industrial 218.7 12.27 9.89
4 Recreational 125.38 7.03 5.67
5 Public-Semi public 128.5 7.21 5.81
6 Public Utility 13.44 0.75 0.61
7 Traffic and Transportation 249.18 13.98 11.27
Developed Area (A) 1782.91 100 81.03
8 Land Under Railway 29.53 1.34
9 Water Bodies 16.38 0.74
10 Khajan Land 24 1.09
11 Green Zone 62 2.8
12 Forest Area 221 10
13 CRZ BUFFER ZONE 24.88 1.13
14 N.D.Z 50.3 2.27
Non-Developed Area (B) 428.09 19.37
Total Town Area(A)+(B) 2211 100
5.4 Environmental Aspects
The environment of the Palghar town is a critical determinant of the health of its inhabitants and
consequently productivity. The problem of environmental pollution in a city has become a matter
of concern due to factors like population increase, industrialization, urbanization and increase in
transportation. The pollution level in the city can be determined by the water and air quality
testing. In present context, due to human interference water pollution aspects need to be taken
into consideration at priority.
5.4.1 Pollution of water bodies:
Surfaced water resources such as streams, lakes need special attention in terms of both their
usefulness and aesthetic appeal. Focusing on quality of water is essential as polluted water is the
cause of many diseases. The quality and present situation of the natural bodies in Palghar town
is discussed in this section.
There is extreme deterioration in the water quality in the major stream that runs through Navli
to Lokmanyanagar. Discharging of the effluents and solid wastes into the water bodies without
providing treatment and improper management thereby results in polluting the environment and
the ecological system of water bodies.
Also, by observation during survey it is found that major open areas throughout the town are not
maintained and there are open dumping practices. This leads to land pollution which is one of
the most important resources.
The major industrial sectors to the north eastern side in Gholvira and Southern side at
Lokmanyanagar were found to be the major reason of Air pollution and also dumping their
industrial waste to the near water body or open land which degraded the environment.
Figure 5-14 : Pollution at different locations

As per the draft development plan report of Palghar town, reserved forest is retained to the
eastern side followed by no- development zone to the south eastern and few land parcels for the
same on the south western side of the municipal boundary. This encompasses retention of forest
and its important elements and certain land parcels considering environmental importance.
Figure 5-15: Map showing reserved forest zone and no development zone
Ganesh Kund: It was one of the major landmark for the initial settlement with respect to the
water source and perform various activities that included rituals and spiritual rites. This also
consisted Ghats for people to come together. At present, there is a small chunk found with very
scanty water and almost non-usable. This has led to absence of aquatic life. Due to excess
excavation the water carrying capacity has reduced considerably. Also a major problem is
observed by the local residents about the garbage dumping which has further degraded the
environment leading to unhealthy living conditions for the people living in the vicinity. Lakes,
which served the basic needs of society and provided a healthy environment, are in disuse and
are turning into health hazards. It is therefore imperative to preserve and revive these water
bodies and also protect the water quality. Also, the various rituals performed and negligence of
people to clean the area post rituals has also been a serious problem which has polluted the lake
drastically. It is recommended that the specific places should be allocated for rituals so that the
whole water body is not polluted.
Figure 5-16 : Present condition of Ganesh Kund
Figure 5-17: Map showing location of Ganesh Kund

5.5 Housing
Housing constitutes the major investment in contributing to the up gradation of the level of living
of people. Good housing improves the living standard especially of lower income groups, whose
living conditions are generally poor. It plays a multiple role in creating employment facilities,
accelerating economic growth maintaining health and social stability and preserving the values
of a decent family life. Housing data from Census 2011 is analysed and observations are made
based on the primary survey conducted in the town during the preparation of CDP.
Table 2.5: Housing Details-1
HOUSING:STATISTICAL OVERVIEW
Total area under residential use as per Existing land Use map 245.18 ha
Total population (census 2011) 68,930
Total No. of households(census 2011) 16273
Average household size 4.23

The area under residential use is 11.09% of the total area of the Palghar town. Generally the
major part of the developed area is used for the residential purposes in a small urban center.
Same is the case of Palghar Town also. The present population is accommodated in the residential
area. The overview of the city is discussed in context of the housing characteristics in this section.
Table 2.6: Housing Details-2
Type of Structure (%) Condition of Census House (%)

Permanent 82.8 Total 100
Semi-permanent 13.6 Good 71.3
Total temporary 1.4 Liveable 25
Serviceable 0.1 Dilapidated 3.7
Non-Serviceable 1.3
Unclassifiable 2.1
Figure 5-18 Housing condition

Table 2.7: Housing Details:
% of HH having Household size

% of HH having Number of Dwelling Rooms
Household size % of HH
No of exclusive rooms 4.5 1 4.3
One room 39.1 2 10.4
Two rooms 34.2 3 18.4
Three rooms 15.5 4 30
Four rooms 4.3 5 17.5
Five rooms 1.2 6-8 16.4
Six rooms and above 1.1 9+ 2.9
From the above table it can be observed that maximum houses consisted of one and two rooms
.Thus, we can conclude that maximum people belongs to middle and lower income groups and
people belonging to high income group is less. Also, the maximum household size is 4 and
calculated is 4.23 i.e. nearly equal to each other.
The map below shows the zones in which the Palghar Municipal Council is divided. The PMC is
divided into 3 categories for Study purpose namely:
1. Core Area
2. Congested/Pada Area
3. Newly developed Area
Figure 5-19 Map showing the different zones in which Palghar is divided
5.5.1 Housing overview
Pada area (Congested area): The housing density in almost similar in Congested area (Pada Area
and rest of the areas of the city. Some of the Pada structure is observed here. A prominent area
where notified Pada structures are observed includes areas along Mahim-Palghar Road, Alyali,
Navali, Tembhode, and Palghar. Also few non-notified Pada Structures existed in areas such as
Lokmanya Nagar, Mohpada, Khanpada. In terms of Height, G+1 and ground floor structures is
observed. The Padas existed a long way back from 1940s. Typical sloping roofs for these
structures were seen. The condition of Pada ranges in Between semi-permanent-kuccha.
Construction of Toilets is taking place in these Padas under “Swaccha Bharat Abhiyan”. All these
old properties and kuccha structures constitutes about 35% of the total housing.
Figure 5-20: Pada structure
Figure 5-21 Map showing location of Notified Padas
Other areas: Expect those of Padas, G+2, G+3, G+4 storied structures were observed in the core
Zone whereas in the outskirts only single storeyed building was seen. A mixed land use of
residential and commercial is observed along the Mahim road, Devisha road, Kacheri road,
Tembhode road. The condition of structure were good and many of the new Housing societies
are coming up one of them is in Virendra Nagar. Many new construction sites are observed which
consists of Apartments/Flat system. The following pictures depicts the characteristics of new
construction taking place in Palghar:
Figure 5-22 Housing characteristics
Figure 5-23 New construction taking place in Palghar
5.6 Slum / Urban Poor

The existing urbanisation process and the new development trend will have direct implications
on the infrastructure and its environs of a city. The industrialisation creates the need of skilled
and unskilled labours; workers etc. and the socio-economic differences create slum areas within
the city. Slums are semi-permanent shelters, constructed with common locally available
materials .There are slums adjoining the city .The nature and condition of these slums vary from
place to place. Identified major Slums pockets are shown on the given map.
5.6.1 Census data: Slums
As per the census data of 2011, the total slum Population was 2600 and the number of
households was 556. Male population 1369 and that of female was 1231.
Table 5-10 Details of Slums-1
Sr.No Description Value
1 No .of households 556
2 Average household size 4.67
3 Total SC population 0
4 Total ST Population 2
5 Total Literates 1515
6 Total Illiterates 1085
The town of Palghar has about 3.77% of population residing in 3 slums pockets. As per information
given by Municipal Council Palghar, there are notified three slum areas in town, namely Gandhi
Nagar on East side of the town and on northern side is Ghutnepada slums and on the southern
side is Shanti Nagar slum. Approximately slums are 3% of total housing.
Table 5-11 Details of Slums-2
Slum Households having number of dwelling rooms
No exclusive room 100
one room 376
Two Room 64
Three room 11
Four room 5
Five room --
Six rooms and above --
Figure 5-24: Map showing the location of slums
5.6.2 Condition of slums
Figure 5-25 Details of Slums

The slums pockets are spread in the city in such a way that it adversely affects the city’s
infrastructure. Unhygienic conditions are the main cause of spread of various diseases,
epidemics. The slum in Ghutnepada area is along the Railway Line and is in an unhygienic
condition which is leading to a problem of mosquitoes breeding and indirectly leading to
diseases. The houses here are in a dilapidated condition and no toilet facilities are present. Also,
the condition of houses is not so good in shanti Nagar, Gandhi Nagar Slums. The houses are made
of locally available material and people depend on public toilets for defecation. Toilets are
constructed now in Shanti Nagar slums under “Swaccha Bharat Abhiyan”. Except in Ghutnepada
Area, even if there were kuccha houses, electricity was provided. The Nagar Parishad supply
water in these slums and use the hand bores from the adjacent areas .There are no toilets and
people use to defecate in open.
5.6.3 Informal Housing
There are houses having slum like characteristics i.e. an urban sprawl in the area along Mahim
Road to Railway station. The figure below depicts the characteristic of the houses.
Figure 5-26 Informal houses

5.7 Traffic and Transportation
5.7.1 Connectivity
Palghar is connected by western railway with Virar-Mumbai on Southern side and Boisar-Dahanu
and Surat on Northern side. It is connected by Western Express Highway on Eastern Side and
linked by State Highway No. 34. State Highway No. 34 passes through Palghar and further goes
to village Mahim and Kelwa. Another Major State Highway No.4 leading to the Boisar. The nearest
railway station is Palghar, Umroli, Boisar and Kelwa. Through internal State Highway No. 8 which
is 25 km away from Palghar on East side is connected with Mahim, Kelwa, Boisar, Dahanu etc.
The National Highway is further going to Surat and further up to Delhi. The existing ST stand is
functioning near railway station as well as existing S.T. workshop is also functioning in
Congested/Pada area of Palghar.
5.7.2 Road network
Road pattern and hierarchy
Important roads like Bypass road, Palghar-Mahim road, Kacheri road, Devisha road, Palghar-
Dhansar road, Boisar-Palghar road, Navli Fatak road are some of the important internal roads
within city.
 Bypass Road and Palghar-Mahim Road: Palghar town is divided into two parts by Palghar
railway route as Western part and Eastern part. Earlier, people had to travel by Mahim-
Palghar road through the railway gate on Boisar side through the core area of Palghar to
East part. But now the Flyover is constructed which connects the Mahim road and Manor
road. Hence the link road connecting the flyover bridge and Palghar Western Part is called
as bypass road.
 Kacheri Road: This is one of the important road within city. It is connecting Palghar Mahim
road Panch Batti Naka to some of the important Government Offices like Tehsil Office,
Panchayat Samitee, TILR Office, etc. Therefore, the road is popularly known as “Kacheri
Road”.
 Boisar-Palghar road: This road is connecting Palghar to Boisar, Dahanu etc. This road is
developed with industrial potential and is one of the important road.
 Navli Fatak Road: This road is connecting Eastern part to Western through railway gate
on Virar side of the station. This road has mixed potential and one of the important road.
 Palghar-Dhansar Road: This road is connecting Palghar and village Dhansar and has
commercial as well as residential potential.
Figure 5-27: Important roads in Palghar town
Figure 5-28: Images of important roads within the Palghar town
Figure 5-29: Map Showing Road Hierarchy

As per the traffic flow and connectivity the roads within the municipal limit can be categorized
by the hierarchy of Arterial roads (blue colour road in the following map) carrying major through
and heavy traffic, collector roads (magenta colour road) connecting villages of the town. Roads
which connects residential pockets and newly developed colonies to collector roads are Local
roads (green colour). There is lack of organized marketing facilities like vegetable market and
shopping center which give rise to traffic congestion in the core area. Hence the right of way is
reduced.
Figure 5-30: Map showing conceptual zoning
Roads in core area: Being an old town internal roads of core area are narrow. The main roads in
core area have surfaced width of 7m. The core area consists of state highway no. 34, Arterial
roads and Local streets. Mahim road, Mahim-Palghar road, Kacheri road and Devisha road are
important roads in this area among which Devisha road is of concrete and other 3 are of bitumen.
The condition of main roads is good. Most of the internal roads in core area are of Bitumen and
concrete roads in good condition. The Panch Batti chowk, Swatantra Veer Sawarkar chowk and
Ambedkar chowk are important junctions in the core area. The commercial activities along the
road side of main roads in this area are prominent.
Figure 1.5-31: Images of main roads in core area
Figure 1.5-32: Images of internal roads in core area

Roads in Congested/Pada area: There is good connectivity to Congested area.
The Congested area in Vevur and Navli is connected by Palghar-Navli road which is a concrete
Arterial road. The inner roads consist of mostly local concrete roads. The overall road condition
is satisfactory in this area. In some of the internal parts of this area small boulders from bitumen
road cause problem for the vehicles as the bitumen has eroded and the small boulders pop out.
The main roads in congested area of Palghar are Devisha road and Boisar-Palghar road. The
Devisha road is Arterial road of concrete. The internal roads in this area are local roads of
concrete and bitumen and are in satisfactorily good condition.
The overall connectivity to Congested/Pada area is good.
Figure 5-33: Main roads in Congested/Pada area
Figure 5-34: Internal roads in Congested/Pada area

Roads in Newly developed area: The connectivity to the newly developed area is good. The main
roads in newly developed area are collector and arterial roads. But the road connecting the newly
developed area to north of Palghar is kuccha road. The condition of roads in the outskirts of the
town in the industrial areas is very bad.
Figure 5-35: Roads in newly developed area
Figure 5-36: Road condition

5.7.3 Road condition
Area of Palghar municipal council is 22.11 km2. As per the primary survey approximately 55% of
the total roads in Palghar are of Bitumen. The main roads in town consist of Bitumen roads. 25%
of roads are of concrete and WBM respectively.
Road Quality Bifurcation: (check again)
Table 1.1: Road Quality Bifurcation in Km (2014-2015)
Name of Surfaced Un surfaced

Name Total
the
Sr.No. of the
Municipal Total Non Total Length
District WBM BT/CC Motorable
Council (4+5) Motorable (7+8)
1) Palghar Palghar 8.95 51.35 60.30 50.35 1.51 51.86 112.16
Source: Municipal Council
Table 1.2: Road Quality Bifurcation in Km (2016)
Name of Type of Road

Name of
the
Sr.No. the Total
Municipal
District Bitumen Concrete WBM/kuccha
Council
1) Palghar Palghar 67 24 27 118
Source: Primary survey
5.7.4 Transport system
Public transport: Six-seaters, bus and Auto-Rickshaw are the main public transport system in
Palghar. Six-seaters and Auto-Rickshaw are the intercity means of transport and bus is the intra
means of transport. Six-seaters ply on regular basis on important roads of the city namely on
College road, Boisar-Palghar road, Mahim-Palghar road and Manor road. There is no specific six-
seater stand in the town and informal stands are observed in front of the railway station. ST
Depot is near the Railway station. As per the survey, there is no bus or six-seater available for
travelling in the late night in the outskirts of the Palghar town.
Figure 5-37: Public Transport
Figure 5-38: Map showing Major Junctions
Figure 5-39: Major Junctions

As observed, Ambedkar chowk junction has a roundabout which is not signalized and leads to
increase in conflict points.
Panch Batti chowk is in the core area of Palghar which has commercial activities around it and is
very busy junction.
5.7.5 Parking
Parking spaces are not available in the town. People utilize the open land and curb sides of roads
for parking purpose. On street parking is a usual picture seen in the Palghar everywhere
particularly on Old Palghar-Mahim Road. The ST stand is outside the Palghar railway station and
there is deficiency in parking space available for buses to halt. The buses are parked in the Palghar
railway station premises which causes congestion to the passengers of the railway.
Figure 1.5-40: Road side parking

5.7.6 Street lighting
The coverage of street lights in the town is good but the street furniture elements are totally
absent on heavy traffic roads.
There are Sodium lights, PL and Tube lights in Palghar town. The installation of new LED lights is
in progress.
Table 1.5-12: Street Light
Type of Light Sodium Lights PL Tube Lights Total
No. of Lights 1945 270 209 2424

Figure 1.5-41: Street Lights

5.7.7 Issues
 Present road network is inadequate.
 There is lack of organized marketing facilities like vegetable market and shopping center
which give rise to traffic congestion in core area.
 No specific parking spaces in the town.
 No traffic controlling devices in the town.
 Lack of public transport facility at late night hours in the outskirts of the town.
 Even after Palghar-Mahim new Valan Rasta came in existence, the old Palghar-Mahim
road (state highway) and Tembhode road up to new bypass road (major district road) are
not still handed over to Municipal Council by PWD.
 Two state highways i.e. Palghar-Mahim and Palghar-Boisar passes through the town
giving rise to accidents and development of temporary stalls, repairing workshops garages
on either sides of the road.
5.7.8 Roads proposed under development plan
The nearest and important railway station to Palghar are Umroli, Boisar and Kelwa Road. The
national highway further goes to Boisar, Surat and to Delhi. The total area under traffic and
transportation is worked out 249.18 Ha. It includes roads, Bus Depot, and parking.
 Sector 1: Municipal parking in

Tembhode
 Sector 2: Municipal parking, truck
terminus, ST depot/terminal
 Sector 3: Municipal parking,
rickshaw stand
 Sector 4: No proposals
The width of state highway No. 34 that is Mahim-Palghar road and Manor road is increased by
7.50m on both sides.

5.8 Water Supply

The Surya River is the major source of water for Palghar and is situated in Maswan village which
is located at a distance of 4 Km from Palghar. The water is pumped from the Surya River to the
Water Treatment plant (W.T.P) situated in Selvali Village. This WTP serves 26 villages along with
Palghar Municipal Council (PMC). Every day approx. 6.4 MLD water is supplied from which 4.55
MLD water is supplied to Palghar Municipal Council and the rest is supplied to the 26 villages.
5.8.1 Source
The Surya River situated at 4km from Palghar serves as a source of water of the Municipal Council.
Jack well is of 9.5 m diameter. The river is situated at Maswan Village. The water from Surya River
is taken by means of intake well and connecting main to jack well and overhead pump house.
The water from the Jack well is lifted with the help of two level pumps having capacity of 50 H.P
each.
Figure 5-42 Existing Water Supply System

The WTP is situated at Selvali Village which at a distance of 5-6 km from core area of the Palghar
city. The capacity of WTP is 18.3 MLD and it supplies 6.5MLD treated water every day. The water
from the Jack well then comes into the break pressure tank (B.P.T).the capacity of B.P.T is 3.00
lakh litres. Then the water comes into the aeration fountain then to the Clariflocculator. From
the Clariflocculator it then goes into Filter house and then at last it goes for disinfection where
the water is treated with chlorine. Then the water goes into the sump from which it is pumped
to M.B.R .The capacity of M.B.R is 7.65 lakh litres. The details of the main pipelines for treated
water are mentioned in the table below:
Table 5-13 Details of main pipe lines
Sr.no Size of pipe (mm) Length(m)
1. 610 1721
2. 510 1724
3. 457 3224
Total 6669
Source: Palghar Municipal Council, Palghar and 26 villages Regional water supply report
Figure 5-43 Details of water treatment Plant
Figure 5-44 Water treatment plant process

5.8.2 Elevated Service Reservoir
The water from the WTP is let into the ESR’s and then distributed to the city with the pipes. There
are total 9 ESR in the Palghar Municipal Council and are spatially distributed within the Council
limit. Elevated service reservoir (ESR) is filled after 10 pm daily. The following Table gives the
details of Existing ESR‘s and their capacity:
Table 5-14 Details of ESR
Sr. No. Name of Village Capacity of ESR in Liters

1 Palghar (Gothanpur) 5,00,000
2 Palghar 5,00,000
3 Vevur 1,75,000
4 Gholvira 1,00,000
5 Tembhode 1,75,000
6 Navli 75,000
7 Lokmanyanagar 2,50,000
8 Alyali 75,000
9 Palghar (Gandhinagar Slum) 1,30,000
Total 19,80,000
Source: MJP Report on Regional water Supply and Primary Survey
Figure 5-45 ESRs at Palghar
Figure 5-46 Map showing the location of existing ESR.

5.8.3 Coverage of water supply
The WTP at Selvali Village provides water for Palghar Municipal Council (PMC). From the primary
survey, it was seen that the distribution system covers almost 100% of the area of the city. The
table below shows the percentage of HH supplies with treated water:
Table 5-15 % of Household Distribution with treated Water Supply
% OF HH WITH TREATED WATER

% WARD NO
0-20 ---
21-40 2,11,14,25
41-60 1,5,6,13,16,24
61-80 3,4,7,8,12,20,21,22,23
81-100 9,10,15,17,18,19
% OF HH WITH TREATED WATER
25 29.3
24 41.5
23 66.9
22 76.9
21 65.5
20 72.7
19 80.1
18 100
17 91.4
16 44.4
WARD NUMBER
15 99.4
14 23.9
13 48.4
12 77
11 39.4
10 82.4
9 85.3
8 78.5
7 79.7
6 52
5 58.6
4 75.4
3 67.7
2 39.4
1 42.4
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
PERCENTAGE
From the table it can be seen that Ward No.2, 11, 14, 25 have least percentage of Household
coverage by treated water and there is no ward where the percentage is less than 20%.
5.8.4 Distribution system
Length of distribution system network is 58.219 Km and consists of 80mm-300mm pipes. The
following Table gives the details of Pipes used for distribution system:
Table 5-16 Details of Sub Mains Pipe line system
Sr.no Pipe diameter (mm) Length (m)
1. 300 600
2. 250 410
3. 200 745
4. 150 7,223
5. 100 43,241
6. 80 6,000
Total 58,219
Source: MJP Report on Regional water Supply

Table 5-17 Pipe lines provided by Municipal Council
Sr. No. Diameter Length of pipe Description

1) 150 mm 1529 m Kacheri road Hutatma chowk to Divani court (East)
Kacheri road Hutatma chowk to Divani court
2) 150 mm 1529 m
(West) work yet to start
Mahim road Hutatma chowk to Anand-Ashram
3) 150 mm 1100 m
(South) work incomplete to station road
Mahim road Hutatma chowk to Anand-Ashram
4) 150 mm 1100 m
(North) work incomplete to station road
5) 100 mm 350 m Mahim Anand-Ashram to Sattar Gala (South)
6) 100 mm 350 m Mahim Anand-Ashram to Sattar Gala (North)
Source: Palghar Municipal Council, Palghar and 26 villages’ Regional water supply report.
Figure 5-47 Map showing the Distribution System

5.8.5 Existing water supply
Water is supplied from 6 am to 10 pm daily. The per capita per day water supply is 60 Litres in
PMC. Water is supplied for 2 hours daily in the city.
Water is pumped to WTP (18.3MLD) located at Selvali. The water from the WTP is then let into
different ESR as shown in the figure below:
The Details of the piped water supply connections is as follows:
Table 5-18 Type of Connection
Type of connection No’s
Domestic (metered and functional ) 4670
Domestic (metered and non-functional ) 2258
Bulk supply (metered and functional) 189
Bulk Supply (metered and non-functional) 0
Non-domestic (metered domestic) 160
Non domestic (metered and non-functional) 49
Public Taps (metered and functional) 0
Public Taps (metered and non-functional) 0
Public taps (unmetered ) 7
Total connection : 7325
Source: Performance Assessment System (PAS) Project, Palghar

5.8.6 Water supply in Slums
Out of 556 households, 185 households were getting tap water from treated source. There are 2
covered wells and 369 tube wells and boreholes in the Slum Areas. From stake holder
consultation, it was observed that water was supplied in Gandhi Nagar slum for 2 hours daily. In
Ghutnepada area it was observed that, the people from slums takes water from the houses
present in the adjoining area. In shanti Nagar, slum dwellers are dependent on hand pumps for
their water requirement. In all these slums, it was observed that most of the community toilet
blocks lack in water supply facility which leads to unhygienic and unclean conditions. This results
into open defecation and reduced number of users.
5.8.7 Water charges
The economic base of the city helps us to decide the charges that can be levied or collected. The
following table gives us details of the water charges levied based on the pipe sizes.
Table 5-19 Connection Charges
Use Connection charges (Rs)
Residential –General 300
Residential -urban Poor 300
Institutional 1500
commercial 1500
Industrial 1500

The flat rate traffic for residential use as per survey is Rs.140/- and total volume of water billed
as per Performance Assessment System (PAS) Project, Palghar is 3.98MLD .Thus, non-revenue
water Quantity is 0.57 MLD. The details of volumetric traffic rates are given in the table below:
Table 5-20 Volumetric Traffic
Use Charges (Rs/KL)
Residential –General 22.0
Residential –Urban Poor 9.33
Institutional 27.00
Commercial 66.00
Industrial 66.00

5.8.8 Service adequacy
To analyse the existing scenario related to infrastructure catering with the water supply facilities
in the town, the data obtained from the Municipal Council has been compared along with
indicators mentioned in UDPFI guidelines and CPHEEO manuals. The limits/ vision set in these
guidance documents can be used as targets to achieve future goals.
Table 5-21 Service level Benchmarks
Desired Status at Gap at
Sr.
Indicators service base year base year
No.
level 2016 2016
01 Coverage of water supply connections (in %) 100% 53.93% 46.07%
02 Per capita availability of water at consumer end (lpcd) 135 lpcd 60 lpcd 75 lpcd
03 Extent of metering of water connections (in %) 100% 30% 70%
04 Continuity of water supply (in hrs.) 24X7 2x7 22x7
05 Efficiency in Redressal of customer complaints (in %) 80% 88.5% -
06 Efficiency in collection of water supply related charges 90% 80% 10%
5.8.9 Key Issues in Water Supply

 As per the service level benchmarking, the water supply should be 135 lpcd which is 60
lpcd at present.
 Presently the distribution system receives an intermittent water supply. 70% of the town
area receives water daily for about only 1.5 to 2 hr.
 Only 30% water connections are metered connections.
5.9 Sanitation and Sewerage

5.9.1 Household Sanitation
As per census, there are 16,273 residential properties out of which 68.3% of the households have
individual latrines and the rest rely on Public/Community toilets (CT)or practice open defecation
.Percentage of open defecation is as higher as 20.5% mostly observed in slum pockets and some
residence of Shukla Compound area.
Table 5-22 HOUSEHOLD SANITATION-TOILET FACILITY
Toilet facility HH %HH
total No. of households 16,273 100
Number of households having latrine facility within the premises 11115 68.3
Piped sewer system 2035 12.5

Flush/pour flush
latrine connected Septic tank 7665 47.1
to
Other system 407 2.5
With slab/
700 4.3
Pit latrine
ventilated improved pit
Without slab/ open pit 98 0.6
Night soil disposed into open drain 17 0.1
Night soil removed by human 17 0.1

Service Latrine
Night soil serviced by animal 187 1.1
Number of households not having latrine facility within the

5389 31.7
premises
Public latrine 1904 11.2

Alternative source
Open 3485 20.5
EXISTING SANITATION COVERAGE

number of toilets having toilet
21% within premises
11% Public toilets
68%
open defecation
DISPOSAL OF BLACK WATER FROM HOUSEHOLD TOILETS

50
45
% HOUSEHOLDS TO TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS
40 47.1
35
30
25
20
15
10
12.5
5 2.5 4.3 0.6 0.1 0.1 1.1
0
Piped Septic tank Other With slab/ Without Night soil Night soil Night soil
sewer system ventilated slab/ open disposed removed by serviced by
system improved pit into open human animal
pit drain
DISPOSAL OF BLACK WATER
Table 5-23: % OF HH HAVING INDIVIDUAL TOILET
% OF HH HAVING INDIVIDUAL TOILET

% WARD NO
0-20 11
21-40 2
41-60 1,5,12,14,24,25
61-80 3,4,7,8,9,10,13,20
81-100 6,15,16,17,18,19,21,22,23
The ward No .11 has least number of individual toilets. Most of the houses have individual toilets
with septic tank but no soak pit. From the survey conducted it can be said that the grey water
from the houses in the core zone that is in Palghar are let into the drains.
% OF HOUSEHOLDS WITH INDIVIDUAL TOILET
25 50.2
24 44.2
23 81.5
22 92.6
21 82.6
20 69.6
19 86.2
18 97.7
17 99.1
16 86.6
WARD NUMBER
15 89.3
14 59.9
13 70.9
12 59.8
11 6.4
10 78.1
9 75.7
8 63.4
7 73.2
6 85.2
5 44.6
4 61.3
3 63
2 27.8
1 41.7
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
PERCENTAGE
Toilets are constructed under “Swaccha Bharat Abhiyan” at many households in core area as
well as in Pada area. The details of toilets constructed under “Swaccha Bharat Abhiyan” are
mentioned below:
Table 5-24 DETAILS OF TOILETS UNDER SWACCH BHARAT ABHIYAN MISSION
Sr.no Status of work Number Percentage

1 Total number of forms submitted 2162 100
2 Cancelled forms 140 6.48
3 Approved forms 2022 93.52
4 construction completed till date 885 40.94
5 ongoing construction 882 40.8
6 Inspection ,order and issuing of payment 125 5.8
Source: Swaccha Bharat Abhiyan Mission: 2016

Table 5-25 DETAILS OF FUNDS PROVIDED UNDER SWACCH BHARAT ABHIYAN MISSION AT PMC
Sr.no Type of institute Funds provided
1. Central government 4000/-
2. State government 8000/-
3. Nagar Parishad ,Palghar 5000/-
Total Amount 17000/-
Source: Swaccha Bharat Abhiyan Mission: 2016
Figure 5-48 TOILETS BUILD UNDER SWACCH BHARAT ABHIYAN
Figure 5-49 INDIVIDUAL TOILETS

The housing typology in Palghar mainly includes Pada, Apartments and Bungalows .The toilets in
case of Bungalows and Apartments are inside the houses and have septic tanks. For newly
constructed Apartments septic tank along with soak pit was given as can be seen from the figure
above. In most of the cases the toilets were situated along the open drains and the grey water
was directly let off into these drains.
5.9.2 Septage Management

In Palghar the process of cleaning of septic tanks is done by the local authority with the help of a
motorised vehicle with suction machine. The following Table gives the charges taken of cleaning
of septic tanks.
Table 5-26 SEPTIC TANK CLEANING CHARGES
Sr.no Use Charges (Rs.)
1. Residential 1500/-
2. Chawl 2000/-
3. Apartment 2500/-
4. Industry/hotels/hospitals/and other commercials 4000/-

5.9.3 Key observations about existing onsite treatment facility:
Survey of individual toilets were conducted in order to assess the availability and existing status
of onsite treatment and disposal of the waste in all these individual toilets by visiting household
toilets .various factors such as location ,Typology of onsite treatment facility ,construction
techniques ,cost incurred for construction and cleaning and maintenance practices followed .The
assessment revealed the following observations:
Locations of toilets Mostly attached to dwelling unit in existing

and new construction. The toilets are
located closer to access road.
In some of the dwelling units the septic tanks

Location of septic tanks/Pits
are under the superstructure.
Brick masonry with plastered lining from

Construction and design inside, dado was done up to lintel/ sill level
in few toilet blocks, tiled finish for floor
The toilets are cleaned daily. Frequency of

Cleaning practices
cleaning septic tanks: Not before 3-5 years.
Lack of knowledge about functioning of

Knowledge about functioning of pits/septic tanks septic tanks and periodical maintenance
requirements.
5.9.4 Sanitation Status in Slums:

There are major 3 pockets in Palghar .The slum population accounts for 3.7% of the total
population .According to the 2011 census 30 HH i.e. 5.4% slum HH have individual toilet facilities
within dwelling premises. It is observed that majority of the people depends on Open defecation
and Public toilets.
Table 5-27 INDIVIDUAL SANITATION FACILITIES IN SLUM AREAS
INDVIDUAL SANITATION FACILITIES IN SLUM AREAS

Total no. of households 556
Number of households having latrine facility within the premises 30
Piped sewer system 0
Flush/pour flush latrine connected to Septic tank 16
Other system 1
With slab/
1
Pit latrine ventilated improved pit
Without slab/ open pit 0
Night soil disposed into open drain 0
Night soil removed by human 0
Service Latrine
Night soil serviced by animal 12
Number of households not having latrine facility within the premises 526
Public latrine 0
Alternative source
Open 526
The toilets are constructed in Shanti Nagar Slums under” Swaccha Bharat Abhiyan Mission”.
Most of the slums in Palghar don’t have access to individual toilets and so they preferred
defecating in open. These toilets are not attached to the dwelling units but are constructed
outside the premises. The effluents of these toilets were directly let into the drains as most of
them are constructed alongside the drains.
Figure 5-50 INDIVIDUAL TOILETS FACILITIES IN SLUM AREAS

5.9.5 Issues in Household Sanitation:
 68.3 % of the total households in Palghar Municipal Council (PMC) have Households/
Individuals Sanitation facilities remaining households depend on Public toilets and open
defecation.
 Only 5.4% of the HH of slums have individual toilets and Open defecation is observed
majorly in slum area.
 47.1% of the individual toilets have septic tanks but no soak pit facility is provided.
 Untreated effluents are discharged directly into open drains especially in slums.
5.10 Public Level Sanitation:

The census data recorded that about 11.2% i.e. 1823 households rely on Public toilets .The public
level toilets are not in good condition. These toilets are spatially distributed and there is
considerable number of Public toilets in Slums i.e. there are 2 Toilets serving the population in
Shanti Nagar Slum. The percentage of Open defecation is more as compared to Public toilets
because unavailability of water supply and electricity, poor infrastructure facilities, unhygienic
condition.
At present there are 53 Public toilets in the PMC with about 196 seats. From the survey carried
out, it was observed that most of the toilets were in use even if they were not in clean and
hygienic condition.
Figure 5-51 MAP SHOWING LOCATION OF PUBLIC TOILETS

Table 5-28 :% OF HH USING PUBLIC TOILET
% OF HH USING PUBLIC TOILET

% WARD NO
0-20 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,9,11,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,25
21-40 8,10,12,24
41-60
61-80
81-100
% OF HH USING PUBLIC TOILET
25 16.3
24 23.4
23 0.6
22 7.3
21 16.2
20 3.1
19 10.9
18 0.8
17 0.7
16 13.2
WARD NUMBER
15 10.1
14 8
13 15.7
12 23
11 0
10 20.1
9 19.4
8 23.1
7 13.2
6 0.5
5 16.1
4 2
3 4.6
2 14.8
1 19.8
0 5 10 15 20 25
PERCENTAGE
Operation and maintenance of the Public Toilets:

Local authorities are responsible for cleaning and maintenance of the Public Toilets blocks. In
most of the cases the people using these toilets cleans these toilets .The water is not available in
most of the cases and people need to bring water to use these toilets. Majority of the Public
toilets lack in facilities such as water, electricity, doors etc. which makes them unfit for use.
5.10.1 Key Issues in Public level sanitation facility
 Improper onsite treatment mechanism, lacking in periodical cleaning of septic tanks
leading to unhygienic conditions
 Lack of maintenance and cleaning leading the toilet blocks in state of neglect
 Lack of infrastructure such as ruptured septic tanks and broken doors as well as
water taps and unavailability for water supply make toilet blocks defunct
 Lack of awareness towards using public level sanitation infrastructure
5.10.2 Open Defecation Practices

The open defecation is majorly observed in Ghutnepada Area and on Kacheri Road behind All
India Congress Bhavan. The major reason for Open defection is unhygienic Public toilets and lack
of availability of individual toilets. The Figures below shows sites for Open defecation:
Figure 5-52 OPEN DEFECATION SITES

Table 5-29 :% OF HH PERFORMING OPEN DEFECATION
% OF HH PERFORMING OPEN DEFECATION

% WARD NO
0-20 6,7,8,9,10,12,13,15,16,17,18,19,21,22,23
21-40 1,3,5,14,20,24
41-60 2
61-80
81-100 11
% OF HH PERFORMING OPEN DEFECATION
25 33.5
24 32.4
23 17.9
22 0.1
21 1.2
20 27.3
19 3
18 1.5
17 0.2
16 0.2
WARD NUMBER
15 0.6
14 32.1
13 13.3
12 17.2
11 93.6
10 1.8
9 5
8 13.5
7 13.6
6 14.4
5 39.3
4 36.7
3 32.4
2 57.4
1 38.6
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
PERCENTAGE
Figure 5-53 MAP SHOWING MAJOR OPEN DEFECATION SITES

5.11 Waste water, Septage and Storm Water Management
The current section discusses existing wastewater and storm water management practices
highlighting conveyance and disposal system in the town.
5.11.1 Generation of wastewater
At domestic level, wastewater is generated mainly through individual toilets, bathrooms, kitchen
and wash areas (known as mori - a place for washing and cleaning of clothes, etc.). The current
water supply in the town is about 60 lpcd. With an existing population of 68930, and considering
80% of waste water generation, the total amount of wastewater generated is about 3.30 MLD.
Following sketch shows schematic flow of domestic wastewater management practices across
the town.
USER COLLECTION / CONVEYANCE CONVEYANCE DISPOSAL /

INTERFACE STORAGE / / REUSE
TRANSPORTAT TRANSPORTAT
POUR FLUSH PIT/ SEPTIC ION ION CANAL / OPEN
TOILETS TANKS OPEN/ CLOSED NO AREA
DRAIN TREATMENT
GREY WATER
5.11.2 Existing Conveyance System

Palghar Town completely lacks in underground sewerage system. Effluent from septic tanks / pits
of individual, community and public toilets is directly discharged into open or closed drains along
the streets. Grey water from Kitchen and other wash areas is also directly discharged into the
drains.
Figure 5-54: Condition of existing conveyance system - congested area / Pada

Majorly Open Drains were observed in the Congested Areas. Some are channelized in Rectangular
lined while others are formed due to natural flow which leads to stagnation. This network collects
the waste water at particular locations hence not letting the waste water on the roads and
adjoining plots. The open drains were not cleaned regularly hence clogging is observed at certain
locations.
Figure 5-55 : Condition of existing conveyance system - Core Area

The core area comprises of a channelized conveyance system of rectangular lined drains. Some
are closed drain with a pedestrian walkway provision above while some are open or drain
covering construction is in process at some places. However, people find it difficult to access the
main streets directly from their properties due to major parts in the conveyance system either
left open or due to covering activity. Clogging is observed in areas like Kacheri Road and
Ambedkar Road which leads to unsatisfactory response by the people and their complaints are
regarding mosquito breeding and diseases.
Figure 5-56: Condition of existing conveyance system: Newly Developing areas

In the newly developed area, the conveyance system construction is in progress along the main
Road towards Mahim Village. However the secondary roads leading to new developments
consists of channelized system and is developed corresponding to the new development.
Majorly, the part of state highway no. 34 in the town comprises of closed drain conveyance
system. Major Arterial Roads connected to state highway consist close drain while the other
arterial roads leading outside core area comprises partly of closed drain system and partly of
open drain system. Similarly, the Collector streets and Local streets in core area comprises of
closed drain while those leading outwards comprises of either open drain or no conveyance
system.
Figure 5-57 Map showing conveyance system
Table 5-30: % OF HH with No Waste Water Drainage System
% OF HH WITH NO WASTE WATER DRAINAGE SYSTEM

% WARD NO
0-20 4,8,9,10,11,15,17,18,19,21,22,23
21-40 1,5,12,14,16,20,24
41-60 2,6,13,25
61-80 3
81-100 7
% OF HH WITH NO WASTE WATER DRAINAGE SYSTEM
25 50.4
24 39.9
23 2.6
22 0.8
21 18
20 36.1
19 15.7
18 0
17 0
16 21.9
WARD NUMBER
15 0.6
14 38.5
13 42.6
12 31.8
11 5.3
10 0.3
9 5
8 15
7 99.6
6 47.8
5 33.8
4 17.5
3 73
2 43.5
1 39.4
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
PERCENTAGE
5.11.3 Existing Treatment and disposal system

There is no system in existence to treat domestic waste water generated in town. Having septic
tanks as the only means of primary treatment (that too, not in all the households) the black water
and grey water is directly discharged into open drains or closed drains or let in adjoining open
lands or discharged in the nallah (Natural drain).
Figure 5-58 : Contamination of Nallahs and water bodies

5.11.4 Issues
 Lack in technical designs of conveyance system and open drain channels along the streets
causing unhygienic environment.
 No Separate system of grey and black water, both discharged into open drain channels
along streets.
 Lack of conveyance system for newly developing areas and waste water after primary
treatment through septic tanks is discharged into open areas.
 No Separate conveyance system for storm and waste water.
 No treatment facility for domestic waste water. Discharge of waste water into natural
drains leading to pollution.
 Dumping of solid waste into Nallah leads to water clogging.
 The conveyance system in the slums is in bad condition, the drains are broken at various
locations and some are in the construction phase.
Figure 5-59: Conditions of drains
5.11.5 Suggested improvements in the sanitation value chain

At present, the town has no dedicated sewerage system to collect and convey the domestic level
waste water. Open or Closed drains along the streets serve as the only means of conveyance.
Almost 41.6% of the area is catered by closed and open drain channels and 58.4% HH do not have
any conveyance system most of them being in Pada areas. However these drains doesn't possess
any technical considerations. Also, dumping of solid waste in some areas is commonly observed
problem which affects the efficiency of the drains.
5.12 Solid waste management
Solid Waste is the unwanted or useless solid materials generated from combined residential,
industrial and commercial activities in a given area. It may be categorized according to its origin
(domestic, industrial, commercial, construction or institutional); according to its contents
(organic material, glass, metal, plastic, paper etc.). Management of solid waste reduces or
eliminates adverse impacts on the environment and human health and supports economic
development and improved quality of life. A number of processes are involved in effectively
managing waste from any urban / rural local body. These include monitoring, collection,
transport, processing, recycling and disposal. The activities associated with solid wastes from the
point of generation to final disposal can be grouped into six functional elements:
 Waste generation
 Waste handling and sorting, storage and processing at the source
 Collection
 Sorting, processing and transformation
 Disposal.
5.12.1 Waste Generation
The total waste generated in the city is about 24.3MT/day. However, as per discussion with the
local authority, the total waste collected by means of available vehicles and resources is about
22MT/day.
5.12.2 Existing Waste Collection
In Palghar Town, collection of solid waste in three sources:
 Door to Door (D2D) collection through Ghantagadi on a daily basis.
 Collection of waste from community bins, and
 Collection of waste through street sweeping and cleaning of roadside drains/ nallah.
 A) Door to Door Collection

Primary collection: Collection of waste directly from generators (door to door step collection).
Primary collection is mainly the house to house / property - to - property collection of waste in
segregated from i.e. biodegradable and recyclable. As per the survey conducted, it is observed
that almost all the HH in the core area and Padas within Palghar village boundary are under
coverage of Door to Door solid waste collection and certain areas in the outskirt perform
practices like burning garbage in the backyard, open dumping of waste on open grounds or
streets which is further collected by the municipal council but not on daily basis. Out of the total
waste generated, about 90% of the waste is collected. There is a provision for segregation of solid
waste in the core areas and some of the Padas while in other outskirts and slums, there is no
awareness for segregation and people hand over their solid waste collectively. At present, the
door to door collection is done by Ghantagadi.
Figure 5-60: Vehicle (Ghantagadi) which collects waste door to door
Employee Appointment Total
PMC 32
Contract Basis 71
Total 103
Source: Palghar Municipal Council
 B) Waste collection from community bins:

Secondary Collection: Secondary collection follows the primary waste collection and is
characterized by transfer of waste collected from doorstep to community collection bins and bulk
transportation of waste from community collection units to centralized / decentralized
processing units. Most of the domestic waste is done by door to door collection. During the site
visit, it was observed that due to limited resources the bins are not cleaned regularly and thus
create foul smell and unhygienic environment in the surrounding area. Also it was observed that
some of the garbage was burnt inside the community bin itself. Also the condition of community
bin is improper. They have broken edges due to which the garbage carrying capacity is not
enough.
Figure 5-61 : Secondary collection from Community Pits
Figure 5-62: Community Bins (Existing conditions)

 C) Collection of Waste through street sweeping and cleaning of road side drains
It has been done by means of vehicles which are managed by ULB. This activity is conducted by
the ULB staff and employees on contract basis, 103 workers have been engaged in this task. As
per the discussion with local PMC officials, the solid waste from the river and nallah are cleaned
during pre-monsoon period.
Figure 5-63: Open Dumping Practices

5.12.3 Garbage Transport System
At present, the ULB is having 3 Dumpers, 2 Tractors, 16 No’s of Ghantagadi for solid waste
collection. The Ghantagadi are used to collect the waste from HH on daily basis and at specific
timings with respect to different locations in the Town. In the out skirts area, the frequency is not
daily. Tractors and Dumpers are used to collect solid waste from bins, open areas, waste collected
from street sweeping and cleaning of drains. There is no transfer station in the city. The collected
waste is directly transported to the dumping site situated at Village Morekuran which is outside
the municipal limit and about 8 km from the city.
Figure 5-64: Solid Waste Transportation Vehicles

5.12.4 Garbage Treatment and Disposal System
At the present situation, the ULB practices crude dumping of municipal solid waste at the
dumping site without any segregation and treatment process. There is no scientific waste
disposal facility / technology for disposing the municipal waste in a scientific manner. As
mentioned, the present dumping site is situated at about 8 km from the city in the north-west
direction at Morekuran Village.
Figure 5-65 : Dumping Site at Morekuran

5.12.5 Medical Waste
The medical waste is collected by private agency Touch and Glow Organization on alternate day
basis from all the clinics and Government Hospital in Palghar.
5.12.6 Service level Benchmarking
Table 5-31 Service Level Benchmark for SWM
Sr. Desired Status at base Gap at base
Indicators
No. service level year 2016 year 2016
Household level coverage of solid waste
01 100% 60% 40%
management services
Efficiency of collection of Municipal Solid

02 100% NA NA
Waste
Extent of segregation of Municipal Solid
03 100% NA NA
Waste
Extent of Municipal Solid Waste recovered
04 80% NA NA
/recycled
Extent of Scientific disposal of Municipal
05 100% 0% 100%
Solid Waste
Extent of cost recovery in solid waste
06 100% 0 100%
management services
Efficiency in Redressal of customer
07 80% 85% No gap
complaints
08 Efficiency in collection of user charges 90% NA NA
Extent of processing and treatment of
09 100% NA NA
MSW
5.12.7 Key Issues in Solid waste management

 Lack of awareness regarding segregation of waste majorly in all areas except the core
area.
 Solid Waste in the newly developed area is dumped in open and incinerated.
 Also, the community bins are not in good condition which results in people throwing
waste around the community bins.
 Only single type of community bin provided leading to all type of waste (wet waste, dry
waste, and medical waste) in one single bin.
 In some areas the garbage inside the bin was burnt which hampered the environment
and health condition.
 In areas where the bins are absent, the waste was thrown in open areas and nallahs
leading to clogging. Also a very famous Ganesh Kund is littered and is in bad condition due
to high amount waste dumped.
 Inadequate infrastructure for cleaning of road side drains and natural nallahs, causing lack
of periodical cleaning of drains resulting in poor efficiency of drains.
 Need based mobilization of field staff for various works including solid waste
management and Nallah cleaning.
 The dumping site in Morekuran Village is in bad condition with no treatment and disposal
activity found. Also there is no management of persons allotted for the site. Animals are
found grazing on waste which may hamper them severely.
Figure 5-66: Solid Waste Management issues
6 Urban Finance
For the purpose of financial assessment of Municipal Council, the financial data of last eight
consecutive years have been analysed. The first step in analysing the financial position of
Municipal Council is to recast the data collected into various appropriate head under Income and
Expenditure category. The Revenue account and Capital account for last eight years budget are
identified.
Finance Data
Obtained from Taxation
Budget Books Grants Received
Municipal Information
Council
Recasting of Revenue Miscellaneous

Capital Account
Data Account Account
Trend of Areas for

Assessment Finance Flow
Gap Analysis
Reform
The account of municipal council is divided into income account and expenditure account. The
income account of MC is further categorized in Capital Income and Revenue Income. All the
finances received over a time through the assets of MC are bifurcated under capital income
whereas is the income that a MC receives from its nominal business activities, usually from the
services offered or sale of goods is taken under Revenue income.
The Capital Income source of MC is observed through various grants received from central
government, State Government or some Project specific grants under special schemes. The Sale
or lease of MC property also adds up in to the Capital Income account of MC. The Revenue income
source of MC is generated mainly through Property Tax, Water Tax, fire tax etc. Various types of
fees also add up in to the revenue of MC through development charges, building license fees,
etc. The main source of revenue Income is Grants received by MC for various maintenance and
repair works. These grants are given by State Government, central Government or some Project
Specific Grants through some special Schemes.
The Expenditure of MC is similarly categorized in Capital Expenditures and Revenue Expenditures.
A capital expenditure is an amount spent to acquire or improve a long-term asset such as
property, equipment or buildings whereas; Revenue Expenditure is incurred on fixed assets. It
includes costs that are aimed at 'maintaining' rather than enhancing the earning capacity of the
assets. These are costs that are incurred on a regular basis and the benefit from these costs is
obtained over a relatively short period of time.
Advances and deposits and any items of income or expenditure of a temporary nature are treated
and accounted for under an extraordinary account. These heads of account are not analysed as
they are temporary in nature and have no impact on the overall financial position of MC.
6.1 Financial Status of MC
The Municipal Council’s accounts are analysed for recent five consecutive years i.e. 2007-08 to
2014-15. The receipt and expenditures are classified into the Income and Expenditure as per
there sources and uses.
The total income of MC has increased from 12.08 crores to 36.46 crores whereas total
expenditure of MC has increased from 5.82 crores to 22.57 crores for last eight years. The rate
of increase in both the type of accounts is not constant but from the table below it can be seen
that rate of change is varying since last eight years.
2007- 2008- 2009- 2010- 2011- 2012- 2013- 2014-
Year
08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15
Opening
Balance 557 682 851 1,040 1,363 1,675 2,249 1,328
Total Income
With Opening
1,208 1,237 1,604 2,350 3,043 3,347 3,362 3,646
Balance
Total Income
651 555 753 1,310 1,680 1,672 1,112 2,318
Rate of
Growth of
-14.80 35.67 74.03 28.32 -0.48 -33.50 108.40
Income (%)
Total
Expenditure 582 2,281 690 942 1,376 1,091 1,456 2,257
Rate of
Growth of
Expenditure 291.95 -69.77 36.55 46.06 -20.71 33.49 55.03
(%)
All Values in Lakhs
On short run trend of eight year municipal council’s budget, the total expenditures are less than
total income as observed in the following figure.
Income and Expenditure

Total Income Total Expenditure
2,281 2,3182,257
1,680 1,672
1,376 1,456
1,310
1,091 1,112
942
753 690
651 582
555
2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15
6.2 Income Account

Income account as discussed earlier is divided into revenue and capital income.
6.2.1 Revenue and Capital Income
Revenue income is comprised of income generated through various own sources such as Taxes
and non-Tax revenue. Revenue income of the MC is higher than the expenditure from 2010 to
2013. Before that maximum expenditure were supported by capital income such as grants
received by government. The revenue income has been following a growing trend since last year.
However the capital income as oscillating behaviour as the major component of capital income
account is grants received under various government schemes.
2007- 2008- 2009- 2010- 2011- 2012- 2013- 2014-
Year
08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15
Revenue
Income 651 555 753 1,310 1,680 1,672 1,112 2,318
Capital Income
399 377 437 470 828 665 157 1,169
Rate of
Growth of
Revenue (15) 36 74 28 (0) (34) 108
Income (%)
Rate of
Growth of
Capital Income -5.47 15.90 7.44 76.32 -19.70 -76.38 644.23
(%)
All values in Lakhs
Revenue and Capital Income

1,400.00
1,148.63
1,200.00
1,007.35
955.03
1,000.00
839.92 852.28
800.00
600.00
400.00 315.36
252.00
177.47
200.00
-
2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15
Rvenue Income Capital Income Poly. (Rvenue Income) Poly. (Capital Income)
6.2.1.1 Revenue income

The revenue account is comprised of own source income which includes general tax on
properties, employment guaranty tax, special water tax, education tax, other taxes, etc.
Apart from taxed income, revenue income is aslo get contribution from non-tax revenue income.
It comprise of building tax, development charges, building licence fee, water tap connection fees,
water supply program recovery, others, etc.
Tax and Non-Tax Revenue Income

500.00
400.00
300.00
200.00
100.00
0.00
2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15
Revenue Income(Taxes) Revenue Income(Non-tax)
6.2.1.2 Capital Income

As it is found from the re-casted account of Municipal council depends upon grants received from
state as well as central government. Grants received as a capital investments are of mainly two
type namely General grants and project specific grants. The grants given under 12th, 13th and 14th
Finance commission, Swarna Jayanti urban employment programme etc. is given as a capital
investment for various works are treated as a general grants while the grants received for capital
investment for some specific project or work is treated as project specific grant in this report.
Year 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15
General Grants 74 17 102 35 10
Project Specific Grants () 396 811 563 122 1,158
All values in Lakhs
Capital Inocme
1,500
1,000
500
0
2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15
General Grants Project Specific Grants
The project Specific Grants are found in dominating as compared to the general grants received
by PMC.
Total Revnue Income

1,400.00
1,200.00
1,000.00
800.00
600.00
400.00
200.00
0.00
2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15
Revenue Income(Taxes) Revenue Income(Non-tax) Revenue Income (Grants)
The own sources of revenue income, tax income and non- tax income contributes maximum. The
tax income comprise of property tax, water tax, advertisement tax, cinema tax, sanitation tax etc.
while non-tax revenue are collected through income from municipal assets and institutions,
development charges, building licence fees, fines, other miscellaneous charges etc.
6.3 Expenditure Account

The recasting of Municipal councils accounts made Expenditure Account comprised of Revenue
Expenditures and Capital Expenditures. The trend lines I following graph shows the nature of
capital expenditure, revenue expenditure as well as miscellaneous expenditure. in short run
economic growth of eight years, the PMC has seen gradual increasing growth in revenue and
capital expenditure. However, the amount of money spent on capital is much lesser than that of
revenue expenditure.
1600
1400
1200
1000
800
600
400
200
0
2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15
Total Revenue Expenditure Total Capital Expenditure Miscellaneous Expenditure
6.3.1 Revenue Expenditure
Revenue Expenditure
1400
1200
1000
800
600
400
200
0
2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15
General Administration Public Safety Health and Facilities Education Total Miscellaneous
Revenue expenditure generally comprise of general administration, public safety, health and
facilities, education, etc. the PMC budget sheets shows, gradual increase in spending on all the
sectors year by year. Among these heads, the general administration requires maximum amount
to be spent every year. Health and facilities are found second in order on revenue expenditure
from the budget.
6.3.2 Capital Expenditure:

The investment in various capital heads such as general administration, water supply, sewerage,
solid waste management, public health and safety, public works such as roads, buildings etc.,
street lights, public utility, social welfare, urban poor and slum development etc. are treated as
Capital Expenditures. From Error! Reference source not found. shows that the contribution of
apital expenditure in total expenditure. Percentage of contribution in total expenditure is varying
yearly. In year 2008-09 and 2014-15 observed that contribution of capital expenditure was
maximum on total expenditure.
6.3.3 Revenue Expenditure

Revenue Expenditure of Municipal Council has been analysed based on expenditure heads, which
are broadly classified in to general administration, public safety and electrification (Street Lights),
water supply, sanitation, health, social utilities (Playgrounds, Parks etc.), Public Works (Building,
Roads etc.), Education etc.
Revenue expenditure of Municipal Council is growing every year by Average Growth Rate of 21%.
It can be seen from the above table that Municipal Council is spending maximum on general
administration and health and facility. While the expenditure of maintaining Public utility,
Education, Public Safety etc. is very less. The pie chart of year 2014-15 is shown in the figure
indicates percentage expenditure over various heads.
7 CITY GOVERNANCE FRAMEWORK AND REFORMS

The Palghar Municipal Council falls under ‘B’ Class Council category with a population of 68930,
established in the year 1998.
The Directorate of Municipal Administration sanctions establishment posts of the Municipal
Councils and the revision of the same is done every 5 years. The cadre related posts are filled by
the DMA directly and the rest of the posts are filled by the ULB.
As per DMA orders, the sanctioned posts in each department were classified into two categories-
permanent and provisional (provisional post held by people who do not meet the current
qualification norms). Once the staff-holding provisional post retires, the post will not be filled
again.
A summary of the roles and responsibilities of different departments of the council are
highlighted below. But due to staff crunch, staff members in each department handle multiple
responsibilities of their own and also other departments.
Table 7-1: Roles and responsibilities of PMC
ULB Department Roles and Responsibilities
Record maintenance
General Administration Public relations
Grievance Redressal.
Levying of taxes, tax collection
Revenue and Tax Department
Assessment of fees and charges
Accounting
Water supply to the town
Repairs and maintenance
Water Works Department
New connections
Construction and civil works related to water works
Maintaining cleanliness and hygiene through
Garbage collection and disposal
Public Health Street Sweeping
Nallah cleaning and disinfecting
Maintaining gardens
7.1 Deliberate Wing
The administration runs through 25 census wards. The Council is led by a President
(Nagaradhyaksha) and elected members, directly elected by the people. The Council, through
the President, the advisory committees for different departments and consultative committees
appointed by the General Body, is responsible for the administration of the urban area. Assisting
the general body in its functioning are various committees, the chief being the standing
committee. In addition to the standing committee, the various committees of PMC are:
1. Standing Committee
2. Woman and Child Welfare Committee
3. Planning and Development Committee

4. Education Committee
5. Water Supply and Sewerage Committee
6. Public Health and Sanitation Committee
7. Public Works Committee
The standing committee consists of corporators and is elected by the corporators from among
themselves at their first meeting after the general elections. The standing committee has
unlimited financial powers and is subject to supervision by the state government.
7.2 Administrative Wing
The executive wing for this elected body is led by Chief Officer (CO), an officer belonging to the
State Services (Executive Cadre). The CO is the key figure in local self-government and is the
administrative head of PMC; is assisted by senior officials in discharging his functions. The CO
manages the day-to-day affairs of the Council subject to approvals and sanctions from the
standing committee and the Council. The CO is supported by officers heading various
departments. The key departments include – Public Health, Accounts and tax, Administration,
Water Supply, Public works, sanitation etc.
7.3 Reforms Being Undertaken by PMC
Government of Maharashtra envisages a mechanism that delivers majority of the services
through the Urban Local Bodies (ULBs) with the use of Information Technology and
Communication (ICT) by transferring horizontally the E-Governance Solution at KDMC (Kalyan
Dombiwali Municipal Corporation), (MAINet) at all ULBs in Maharashtra. PMC has been active in
taking steps towards implementing reforms. Following Modules are going successfully live in
Palghar Municipal Council under E-Governance Project.
Various Software Modules being replicated at PMC are listed below,
 Birth and Death Module
 Water Tax Module
 Accounts Module
 CARE Module (Complaints and Grievance Redressal Management)
 EIP Module (Enterprise Information Portal) with services as operational at PMC
 CFC Module (Citizen Facilitation Center)
 Town Planning Module
 Property tax Module
Registration of birth and death certification is made available through the Citizen Facilitation
Centre (CFC). Computerization of accounting system and double entry accounting system is
initiated in Palghar. PMC has brought about computerization of property tax database and
issuance of demand note through this database. Day today recovery is being updated on the
systems. Tenders are made available on the web site of PMC. It has also computerized the
systems regarding the services like development permissions, various NOCs, etc.

8 VISION FORMATION FOR PALGHAR

8.1 Approach
Several stakeholder consultations were organized to finalize the CDP. The stakeholder
consultations were held at the organization level, in core groups pertaining to particular sectors,
and finally in the form of workshops to bring together the stakeholders on one platform. This
enabled them to voice their opinions and come to a consensus on strategies and actions for each
identified priority sector. The stakeholders included educationists, environmentalists,
councillors, and representatives of the informal sector, NGOs, and industry associations. The
stakeholder consultations also involved representatives from the Departments of Transport and
Town Planning, non-governmental officers, and Municipal Council officials. Various rounds of
consultations in the form of workshops and focus group discussions were held during the survey
period. The outcome of each discussion and workshop are summarized in the following section
and has been incorporated to formulate strategies and the action plan for Palghar.
Figure 8-1 Timeline for CDP of Palghar

8.2 Consultation with Municipal Council
The consultation was basically a kick-off meeting with the PMC officials to make them aware of
the CDP process. The objective of the consultation was to get the implementing agency’s views
on issues such as the importance of town, the strengths of the town and the desired focus areas
for the development of the town and the region. Various officials, including the President, Chief
Officer, engineers, heads of departments, elected representatives were consulted.

Figure 8-2: Consultations with PMC Officials

8.3 Consultation with People
This was held to bring together the stakeholders to define the vision for the city and the various
sectors of Palghar. The stakeholders were from various background and the meetings were
collected in their ward. The ward wise input gave the disintegrated information. The Consultation
fostered an understanding amongst the stakeholders regarding the importance of CDP, the key
facts that need to be kept in mind during envisioning and the present status of town.
Figure 8-3: Consultation with People

The views received from stakeholders are tabulated under following heads
 Economic development and municipal finance
 Information technology, communication and network development
 Growth management and land management
 Infrastructure improvement
 Traffic and transport
 Water, sewerage and storm water management

 Solid waste management

 Environment management
 Health and education improvement
 Social infrastructure improvement and rehabilitation
 Poverty reduction
 Industrial development
 Tourism development, Culture and Heritage Preservation
8.4 SWOT Analysis
Table 8-1: SWOT Analysis for Palghar City
Strengths Opportunities
Palghar is the district headquarter Public transport needs to be encouraged
Connectivity in terms of roads and rail is By maintaining and providing basic
good i.e. bus depot ,bus stand and railway infrastructure of public toilets ,open
station defecation can be reduced
Rejuvenation and conservation of Congested
Good coverage of sanitation facilities.
area i.e. Pada structure can be carried out.
Toilets are constructed in Gandhi Nagar Slum
The open drains can be covered and
and in other areas under “Swaccha Bharat
converted into pedestrian way
Abhiyan”
Rejuvenation of Ganesh Kund and other
Water distribution system covers almost 100
tanks as an important land mark for water
% of the PMC area
front activities
Industries are concentrated along the Afforestation and social forestry can be taken
boundaries of the PMC, i.e. away from core up in the reserved area, adding to the
areas tourism potential.
Primary education and secondary education Redevelopment of slums
facilities are good Development of recreational facilities
Streetscape can be developed along Palghar –
Good condition of roads
Mahim road
Availability of land resources can serve as a Collection of tax and reforms can generate
means for growth potential huge sum which can be used for development
The proposed road coverage as per the DP is

good and if implemented on time would
establish a good connectivity

Weaknesses Threats
Area under road is less. Traffic control devices are not available
Parking facilities are not available. Lack of social awareness among people
Higher education facility i.e. colleges are not Lack of technically sound drainage system
sufficient for the present population causes unhygienic environment
Public Toilets are not maintained and are in Solid waste is let into the nallah leading to
unhygienic condition. water clogging and stagnation.
Lack in technical design of conveyance Industrial waste water is let into the Nallah
system and open drains channels along the without treatment which leads
streets. environmental degradation
The solid waste collected by the MC is not

No separate conveyance system for storm composted nor scientifically landfilled.
and waste water.
At some places it is openly incinerated.
Lack of facilities in toilets leads to open

No special area for market is provided and
defecation and grey water is let into the
also the recreational facilities are not
open drains which leads to unhygienic
satisfying the requirements of town.
condition and pollution
No proper maintenance and exploitation of

water bodies (tanks) has resulted into
degradation.
Vision Statement for Palghar

A vision or vision statement is the collective understanding of the ideal future of a community. It
establishes a tone for the plan and the planning process. The entire City Development Plan must
start with and relate back to the vision.
Vision for Palghar was formulated on the basis of discussions and emerging strengths,
current issues, concerns, problems and desirable future focus areas. Based on the Town’s
strengths, futuristic desires and perspectives, the vision that emanates is to develop –
“Strengthening the infrastructure of Palghar to emerge as a self-sufficient District
Headquarter and strong Growth Center.”

9 FINANCIAL STRATEGIES FOR CIP

The investment capacity of PMC is assessed through a Financial Projection – Financial Operating
Plan (FOP), which gives a multi-year forecast of finances of the local body for a medium term. In
line with the phasing of identified investment from 2016-17 to 2036-37, the sustainability of PMC
has been worked out. A salient feature of the FOP is that all outstanding dues, including debt and
non-debt liabilities, have been taken into account.
The accounts data between the years 2010-11 and 2014-15 are used as the basis for determining
past trends in revenue and expenditure and arriving at appropriate growth assumptions for each
of the income and expense items. After forecasting the revenue account, the capital investments
proposed under the CIP are added to the forecast. The FOP is generated to assess the investment-
sustaining capacity of the PMC, if PMC adopts a project funding structure comprising grants
under the Suvarna Jayanti Nagarotthan Maha-abhiyan framework (accounting for 80 percent of
the funding and 20 percent loan (if required)) and internal resources and loans (accounting for
the rest). The level of investment that PMC can sustain is then determined by studying the overall
surpluses/ year-to year opening balance and debt service coverage ratio (DSCR). If the debt
service coverage ratio (amount of surplus available to pay interest and to repay principal that is
due) falls below 1.25 (i.e., less than 25 % cushion), then the investments are reduced gradually
till the DSCR exceeds 1.25 in all the years in the forecast period.
In term of determining the long term financial strategies, NP has to raise funds through the
following:
 Accessing grants available under Suvarna Jayanti Nagarotthan Maha-abhiyan.
 Accessing grants available udder other State or Center Schemes.
 Using available Internal Resources and improving upon the same through
 Revision of Annual Ratable value at certain levels
 Revision of property, water and sewage charges at specific intervals
 Borrowings/Loans
9.1 Palghar’s Financial Operation Plan1
Current ULB finances are projected under built-in growth assumptions for income and
expenditure items, to assess the impact of each such revenue enhancement measure being
suggested. The projections also aim at estimating the surplus that will be available for servicing
new debt. Part of the surplus, after meeting the additional O & M expenses on newly created
assets and infrastructure, is translated into debt size and project size (grant component plus debt
component) based on certain method and loan-grant mix. A spreadsheet FOP model has been
customized to depict the financial position of PMC and work out the investment sustaining
capacity of PMC, based on the FOP assumptions. The model can be used to calculate future
1
For this Chapter of Financial Strategies for CIP, the consultants have included cost of land acquisition to
measure the risk in investment.

surpluses under various scenarios involving combinations of internal revenue improvement,

state support, financing terms, etc.
9.2 Municipal Account – Growth Projections and Assumptions
The standard assumptions under which the projections are carried out and certain expenditure
control and revenue augmentation measures proposed in line with the mandatory and optional
reforms under the Suvarna Jayanti Nagarotthan Maha-abhiyan framework are presented below.
The requirement of capital in the first phase of five years is identified as 168.57 Crores including
Land Acquisition Cost (104.5 Cr. Excluding Land Acquisition Cost) at current prices. It is
recommended to raise 20% of the investment through loans from MUIDCL or any such institution
if Municipal council is not able to raise the sufficient funds. The proposed investment of 20%
accounts for 33.7 crores. This investment initially meant to be invested by Municipal Council.
Further, remaining 80% grants can be received from State Government. In case, if the net income
of PMC is less than expected (less than 25% of the total investment), the PMC can load the capital
which can be repaid by increasing the income through revenue income. At the same time when
PMC is investing into capital investment like infrastructure, the debt servicing ratio should be
maintained up to 1.25 to make the loan as a feasible loan.
The projected balance left over end of each year considering the future phase of 2015- 16 to
2020-21 is given below:
2007- 2008- 2009- 2010- 2011- 2012- 2013- 2014-

08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15
Opening
Balance 557 682 851 1,040 1,363 1,675 2,249 1,328
Total Income
651 555 753 1,310 1,680 1,672 1,112 2,318
Total Income
With Opening
1,208 1,237 1,604 2,350 3,043 3,347 3,362 3,646
Balance
Total
Expenditure 582 2,281 690 942 1,376 1,091 1,456 2,257
Rate of
Growth of
-14.80 35.67 74.03 28.32 -0.48 -33.50 108.40
Income (%)
Rate of
Growth of
Expenditure 291.95 -69.77 36.55 46.06 -20.71 33.49 55.03
(%)
Net Income
69 (1,726) 63 368 305 582 (344) 60
Net Income
with Opening
626 (1,045) 914 1,408 1,668 2,256 1,905 1,389
Balance
Values in Lakhs

Table 9-1 Projected Net Income of PMC (for Next Five Years)
Year Total Income (in Lakhs)
2016-17 4,342.52
2017-18 4,690.80
2018-19 5,039.08
2019-20 5,387.36
2020-21 5,735.64
Table 9-2 the phase wise projection of Income (For Next Four Phases of Five Years)
Phase Total Cumulative Income (in Lakhs)
2016-21 23,454.02
2021-26 32,161.02
2026-31 40,868.03
2031-36 49,575.03
From the above tables it can be seen that the income of PMC is increasing and in 2020-21 it will
be 57.35 Crore creating cumulative total income of 234.54 Crore. The need of money till 2021 (in
first phase) includes cost of various infrastructure projects which sums up as 168.57 Cr. Looking
at the current budget data, the projection for first phase gives cumulative net income left in
account if PMC as it is necessary for PMC to invest 20% cost of infrastructural project which is
42.14 Crores (with 1.25 DSCR) out of cumulative income of 234.54 Cr. The State Government will
provide the remaining 80% investment on infrastructural projects by means of grants according
to the policy of the scheme.
At these income, the Debt Service Coverage Ratio (DSCR) is assumed to 1.25. At this ratio, the
PMC is not capable of putting all the investment projects as per time line. With this short term
planning, the income of PMC is not sufficient to repay the loans at 1.25 DSCR. However,
considering long term perspective as per CDP guidelines, the PMC can perform much better if
the investment period is considered as 20 years. In the First year of Third phase, the PMC can
have surplus along with investing into the proposed investment plan. Following table gives the
detail about the same.
9.2.1.1 Short Term DSCR Scenario
Year 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 2020-21 2016-21
Total Investment 4069 4160 4226 3357 16857
1046
Grant (80%) 836 3256 3328 3381 2685 13486
ULB Investment (20%) 209 814 832 845 671 3371

Projected available
2743 2978 3213 3448 3683 16065
Capital Income
ULB's Capacity (1.25
DCSR) 261 1017 1040 1056 839 4214

Deficit (2481) (1960) (2173) (2392) (2844) (11850)

All values in Lakhs
In above table it can be seen that PMC requires to raise the total investment of 168.57 Cr. in first
phase while the projection prompt the fact that PMC’s budget is feasible for the proposed
investment.
9.2.1.2 Long Term DSCR Scenario
Year 2016-21 2021-26 2026-31 2031-36 2016-36
Total Investment 20556 15119 14005 66538
16857
Grant (80%) 13486 16445 12096 11204 53230
ULB Investment (20%) 3371 4111 3024 2801 13308
Projected available
Capital Income 16065 21944 27823 33703 99535
ULB's Capacity (1.25
DCSR) 4214 5139 3780 3501 16635
Deficit (11850) (16805) (24044) (30202) (82900)

All values in Lakhs
However, apart from the long term Scenario, the PMC has right and feasible space to increase a
small percentage of taxes to add into its revenue. The following pattern is recommended to
balance the DSCR as per requirement.
Table 9-3: Municipal Account – Growth Projections and Assumptions
Important assumptions made in the projections
Sr. No. Head Assumptions
Follows the current growth rate with an
Growth in PT Assessments increase of a minimum of 2% and a
maximum of 5% per year
Collection efficiency for Maintain current levels if more than
both current and arrears 90% or incrementally increase to 90% by
Property Tax demand 2020-21
Revise every three years starting 2016-
Growth in tax rate
17.
Identification and assessment of all
Widening the Tax net properties in the ULB by 2021 through a
GIS-based survey

Follows the current growth rate with a

Growth in HSCs and
ceiling of a minimum of 2 % and a
demand
maximum of 5% per year
Maintain current levels if more than
Water Charges Collection efficiency 85% or incrementally increase to 100%
percent by 2020-21
Water rate and new
Revise every five years starting 2016-17.
connection deposit
Continues at present coverage (% of
Growth in HSCs and water HSCs) if above 90% or
demand incrementally increases to 90% percent
by 2020-21
Maintain current levels if more than
Sewerage Charges
Collection efficiency 85% or incrementally increase to 85%
percent by 2020-21
Monthly charges to be levied @ 80% of
Sewerage rate and new
water charges and revision every fifth
connection deposit
year starting from 2016-17.
Other Income items Current CAGR with a ceiling of minimum

Growth rate
and capital grants 8.35% and maximum of 10%
Current CAGR with a ceiling of minimum

8% and maximum 8.5% and where
expenditure control measures are
Growth rate proposed (part privatization, energy
efficient systems etc.) Current CAGR
with a ceiling of minimum 6% and
maximum of 10%
Pay Commission revision and Maximum
Salaries/ wages and Pay
of additional 10% growth if not covered
Commission revisions
under Pay Commission
Expenditure Items The incremental O and M for new assets
is calculated based on the following
norms (O and M cost as a percentage of
capital costs).
O and M expenditure Water supply : 2%
arising from new assets Sewerage : 5%
(from 2016-17)
Solid waste management : 12%
Roads and drains : 2%
Street lighting : 8%
Urban poor/ slums : 2%

For the second year and beyond, a

growth rate of 6% is assumed on the
base O and M cost.
Nagarotthan Scheme Nagarotthan Maha-abhiyan Framework
Framework (All urban
Project Financing infrastructure/
80% GoM Grant, 20% ULB or can apply
Terms governance/ urban poor
for Loan
related projects except
land acquisition costs)
Debt Service Coverage Ratio DSCR of at least 1.25

10 CITY INVESTMENT PLAN

The City Investment Plans (CIP) in line with the identified vision for Palghar have been prepared
through a comprehensive process of assessment of the physical and social infrastructure sectors
and stakeholder consultations. The CIP for the city flows from the action plan recommended in
the previous chapter.
These capital investment requirements are dovetailed in the financial projections that factor the
growth in income and expenditures for PMC. A review of the Detailed Project Reports for various
projects already in place has also led to the identification of sector specific strategies,
implementation actions and associated reforms. This chapter would discuss various projects that
would be taken up by PMC as well as the financial projections of the budgets of PMC.
The strategies adopted primarily have three dimensions -- improving the service delivery by
efficiency measures, improving service delivery by creating infrastructure assets and improving
the governance aspects of PMC. This section summarizes the capital investments required for
creating infrastructure assets and various strategic interventions required in the implementation
of such projects.
The City Investment Plan (CIP) is the multi-year scheduling of identified and prioritized
investments. The scheduling or phasing of the plan is based on studies of fiscal resources
availability (for new investments and O&M), technical capacity for construction and O&M, and
the choice of specific improvements to be constructed for a period of five years in five phases.
The CIP is necessary to record:
 Assessment of city/ town growth and infrastructure needs (to be carried out once every
five years);
 Detailed feasibility/ engineering studies carried out for new projects;
 Scheduling of investments of ongoing projects due to cost and/or time overruns; and
 Assigning of priorities within the constraints of available financial resources.
The City Investment Plan is an important element of the CDP and significant in terms of the city’s
management process and sustainability with regard to the delivery of basic services. As a part of
CIP prepared for the CDP, the consultant for PMC has:
 Analysed and discussed with the stakeholders, the existing applicable norms and
standards for infrastructure services;
 Agreed and recommended a reasonable and realistic option;
 Justified and provided rationales if the chosen option is not within the existing service
level standards; and
 Identified the roles and responsibilities of various stakeholders in the implementation of
identified projects.

10.1 Capital Facilities, Investment Phasing and Implementation

10.1.1 Long Term Planning
The City Investment Plan involved the identification of public capital facilities to cater to the
demand of the city populace by the year 2021, 2026, 2031 and 2036 according to their short,
medium and long-term infrastructure needs.
Further project prioritization and strategizing of the investments/ phasing of investment is based
on the strategies listed out under each service sector as identified through stakeholder
consultations. The projects derived are aimed at ensuring the optimal and efficient utilization of
the existing infrastructure systems and enhancing the capacity of the systems/ services to cater
to the demands of future population additions. Certain other projects listed as part of the CIP
include developmental projects other than those addressing the core service sectors.
Such projects are also based on lists and/ or reports prepared by and for Municipal Council.
Table 10-1: Capital Facilities, Investment Phasing and Implementation- Long Term Plan
Long Term Plan
Investment till
2020
Sr Phase Phase Phase Phase
Total
. 1 wise Total 2 3 4
Escalated
% Sector
Sectors (2016-
cost*
N (2016- (2022- (2027- (2032-

36)
o 21) 26) 31) 36)
1 Water Supply 2339 2713 23% 886 886 886 4998

2 Sewerage and Sanitation 776 900 7% 6241 1791 901 9710
3 Transportation 3699 4291 36% 3369 3150 3135 13354
4 Solid Waste Management 193 224 2% 199 99 24 515
5 Slums and Urban Poor 528 612 5% 483 35 30 1075
6 Urban Governance 75 87 1% 30 40 20 165
Environmental and Tourism
7 705 818 7% 805 575 465 2550
Development
8 2069 2399 20% 2069 2069 2069 8274
Use (Including Land Acquisition)
Total Cost on Infrastructure 10383 12044 100% 14082 8645 7530 40640
* Escalated cost includes physical contingencies and technical assistance at 10% of total cost and 6
% cost escalation due to inflation
9 Use ( Inclusive of Land 8543 9910 82% 8543 8543 8543 34172
Acquisition Cost)
All Values in Lakhs Rupees
The following bar chart shows Investment requirement for 20 years. It can be seen that for long
term goal, transportation requires maximum investment followed by sewerage and sanitation,

water supply and land use. The urban governance requires least investment but it has given
priority.
Sectoral Investments for 20 Years in Lakh Rupees
Growth Management and land Use (Excluding Land…
Environmental and Tourism Development
Urban Governance
Slums and Urban Poor
Solid Waste Management
Transportation
Sewerage and Sanitation
Water Supply
0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000 14000 16000
Following graph shows the investment on various sectors as per first phase of CDP (2016-21). The
total estimated cost infrastructural development in first phase is 103.82 Crores under which,
water supply, growth management, transportation and environmental development are given
priority. The sanitation may seem less investment demanding sector in the graph, however the
said sector must be given proper attention according to detailed proposal recommended in this
report.
Investment in Lakh Rupees in Phase 1- 2016-21
Urban Governance
Transportation
Water Supply
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000
10.1.2 Short Term Planning

In short term Plan of Capital investment for Palghar town is discussed below. In this plan the
capital investment of first five year is discussed.

Table 10-2: Capital Facilities, Investment Phasing and Implementation- Short Term Plan
Short Term Plan
Investm
ent till Tota
20 2020 201 201 201 l
Sr. 2020-
Sectors 16- 7- 8- 9- 2016
Escalated
% Sector
No 2021
17 18 19 20 -
cost*
Total
wise
2021
46 54 45
1 Water Supply 468 468 468 468 2339
8 3 %
16 19 16
2 Sewerage and Sanitation 164 164 142 142 776
4 0 %
16 19 16 103 103 116
3 Transportation 301 3699
8 5 % 2 2 5
14 16 14
4 Solid Waste Management 39 9 0 0 193
5 8 %
5 Slums and Urban Poor 25 29 2% 90 139 139 134 528
6 Urban Governance 24 28 2% 26 16 5 5 75
Environmental and Tourism
7 52 60 5% 115 196 171 171 705
Development
Growth Management and land Use 533. 533. 533. 2135
8 0 0 0% 533.94
(Excluding Land Acquisition) 94 94 94 .75
10 12 10 246 255 262 104
Total Cost on Infrastructure 1755
46 13 0% 8 8 4 50
* Escalated cost includes physical contingencies and technical assistance at 10% of total cost and 6
% cost escalation due to inflation
Growth Management and land Use ( 213 213 213
9 0 0 0% 2136 8543
Inclusive of Land Acquisition Cost) 6 6 6
Following graph shows the investment on various sectors in the first year of first phase of CDP
(2016-17). The total estimated cost of first year is 10.46 Cr. under which Water supply, Solid
waste Management, Transportation, sewerage and sanitation requires major investment.

Investment in Lakh Rupees in Year 2016-17
Urban Governance
Transportation
Water Supply
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500
(The land acquision cost is separately mentioned as per the guidelines of CDP Tool Kit. The land
Acquisition cost can be referred from Annexure III and IV -Capital Investment Plan)
10.2 Water supply
The water supply scheme required considering 135 LPCD supply to the town up to 2036 is
considered and DPR preparation in recommended. The augmentation to water supply
infrastructure is the most important sector in Palghar CDP.
10.2.1 Strategies
 Augment system for increased drawl from source in line with long-term planning and
equitable distribution of potable water to all through piped supply which can eradicate
the water supply shortage.
 Develop supply system to the unserved zones and regulate the water supply in served
areas.
 Revamp the outdated distribution system and imply 100% metering system throughout
the town.
 The billing system needs to be established. Billing should be done on the basis of
number of family members. Consumption must be calculated depending upon the
number of family members and accordingly the bill should be raised. Also, a slab system
can be introduced, wherein the rate of water tariff depends on the range in which the
consumption lies. Thus, more the consumption, higher will be the tariff rate. Volumetric
billing must be implemented. People using excess water lavishly must be heavily
charged.
 Adopt system to calculate and record water distributed in each ward/zone.
 Rain water harvesting should be encouraged.
 Facilitate regular checking of internal plumbing and storage systems at the consumers
end by licensing service providers.

10.2.2 Expected Outcomes

 Assured ability to meet the year 2036’s demand
 Per capita availability of water at consumer end (lpcd) - 135 lpcd
 Equitable distribution of water supply
 Water supply to be 24 X 7
10.2.3 Investment
There is requirement of INR 49.97 Crores to establish 24x7 water supply system to satisfy the
need of town for next 20 years.
Table 10-3: Water Supply- Action Plan
WATER SUPPLY: Action Plan for Implementation (2016-2036)
Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3 Phase 4 Total
(2016- (2022- (2027- (2032- (2016-
Investment
21) 26) 31) 36) 36)

Rs 49.97 crores
2338.90 886.23 886.23 886.23 4997.58
Water Treatment Plant (Capacity

310.74
Augmentation in MLD) 310.74 - - -
Capital Facilities
Elevated Service Reservoir (MLD) 224.52

112.26 37.42 37.42 37.42
Distribution System (Km) 2408.80

1,094.5 438.10 438.10 438.10
Other Supporting Infrastructure

(Water Meter, Automation and 2053.52
821.41 410.70 410.70 410.70
SCADA)
Regularize unauthorized
Sustenance Measures
Support and System
connections, Check distribution   

leaks and reduce UFW
Improve collections to reach 90%

90% 90% 100% 100% 100%
collection efficiency by 2017-18
Revise tariff every five years

starting 2016-17

• Prepare an asset inventory and map the water supply systems for effective
monitoring
Other actions/ Measures
• Make land reservations for zones that are good for water recharge and water
conservation
• Implement findings of ongoing water audit and leak detection study w.r.t identified
leaks, UFW and worn-out networks
• Facilitate regular checking of internal plumbing and storage systems at the
consumers’ end by licensing service providers
• Ensure that high-volume non-domestic users compulsorily fit ISP meters
• Promote individual group water connections in slum locations and discourage PSPs
as a policy measure and to increase accountability
• Identify potential and existing polluting sources
• PMC shall be responsible for the implementation of all the suggested actions
Sector Notes
• Capital investments on system refurbishment and replacements shall happen only

after concluding the Water Audit and identification of Unaccounted Flow of Water
sources.
• Improvement of collection efficiency is applicable to both arrears and current
demand.
Performance
Monitoring
• Daily per-capita water supply (min of 135 lpcd)

Indicators
• Elevated storage capacity w.r.t Supply (33%)

• Distribution network reach as % of road length (min 85%)
• Cost recovery through user charges (100% O&M expenses)
10.2.4 Priority Needs

Palghar Town does not receive 135 LPCD water supply as per the data collected from municipal
council in 2016. Town is facing acute water supply due to the insufficient and old water
infrastructure which is the main cause for considerable leakages in the distribution system and
the existing water supply is for 60 lpcd. The new water supply scheme is started in year 2009 and
it is supplying 6.4 MLD water supply to PMC.
The present system has old AC, PVC, old CI pipes with reduced hydraulic efficiency. Presently the
distribution system receives an intermittent water supply for average one to two hour per day
per consumer. There are 6928 metered connections. Also there are cases of unauthorized
connections.
The intermittent water supply leads to:

 Inability to practice effective supply management;

 Inability to practice effective demand management; operational inadequacies, which
unduly weaken the physical infrastructure;
 Customer inconvenience, resulting in an unwillingness to pay for a sub-standard service,
and serious risk to public health, resulting from the ingress of contaminated ground
water into the distribution system.
Thus, in order to address the above problems, PMC has proposed the augmentation of the water
supply system as well as improvement of the distribution network and opting for a new source
for improved water supply network.
The planning horizon for the water supply projects is 2036. Population forecast and the demand
projection has being made, the projected population for Palghar Municipal Council is 155421 for
2036 and the water demand calculated is 21 MLD considering the growth trend.
The existing water treatment plant is proposed to be augmented to 25 MLD considering the
demand of adjoining villages which has existing capacity of 18.3 MLD.
10.3 Sewerage and Sanitation System
10.3.1 Strategies for Core area and congested Pada areas
Rehabilitation of existing drains

In Core area and congested Padas, most of the area is catered by roadside open drains for
conveying domestic wastewater, at certain stretches underground sewer pipes and closed drains
are observed. It is suggested that existing open drains shall be rehabilitated to ensure proper
gradient and cross section in order to carry the domestic wastewater and channelize the
conveyance system as part of an immediate action plan. It is suggested to initiate Underground
Drainage System after making provision of continuous water supply of 135 lpcd available to the
city. Then the rehabilitated and redesigned drains would be used as storm water drains.
It is suggested to rehabilitate the existing open drains in which following aspects
 Rehabilitation and redesigning the drain sections, nallahs to cater for wastewater, storm
water and additional surface loads.
 Covering of the existing drains so as to avoid unhygienic conditions and mixing of solid
waste
Initiating Underground Drainage System as a prioritized project

As a prioritized project, it is suggested to initiate Underground Drainage System after making
provision of 135 lpcd water supply available to the town.
10.3.2 Strategic Implementation
It is advisable to start survey work and Detailed Project Report preparation of Underground
Drainage System in third year of first phase i.e. 2018. The recommendation is availing sufficient
time to establish efficient water supply with minimum of 135 lpcd water supply. This per capita

water supply of 135 lpcd is minimum requirement of flow through sewer line for Underground
Drainage system.
10.3.3 Existing System
It is recommended to continue sanitation management through existing infrastructure till the
PMC starts supplying 135 lpcd per capita water supply. As mentioned above, after the
Underground Drainage system will be established, the existing drainage system can be converted
into storm water drainage lines.
10.3.4 Strategies for New Development and areas of future development
Initiating underground sewer system in newly developing areas

For the newly developing areas and the future development area it is suggested to initiate
developing underground drain system. The system would eventually be connected to
conventional treatment plant.
Suggested Improvements for treatment system in fringe areas

STP: It is suggested to opt for a conventional sewage treatment plant after the total coverage of
underground drainage system in the town. The treated water, after disinfecting; can be either
discharged in nallahs, rivers, etc. or if it is sufficiently clean can be used for groundwater
recharge or agricultural purposes.
10.3.5 Individual Toilet and Sanitation
The concept of sanitation was expanded to include personal hygiene, home sanitation, safe
water, garbage disposal, excreta disposal and waste water disposal.
Household level sanitation

Forty percent of the world’s people do not have access to a basic level of sanitation; one in five
of us practices open defecation. This crisis in sanitation has clear consequences. Diarrhoea kills
more than 1.5 million children each year, and 88 percent of these deaths are attributed to faecal
contamination from inadequate sanitation, hygiene, and water supply. The cost of these
problems is high in economic as well as human terms.
Sanitation solutions are not cheap for the poor, who make up the vast majority of those without
sanitation. Like housing, on-site sanitation is often viewed as a private good and the basic
responsibility of the beneficiaries themselves. Yet sector professionals have long argued that
some public finance of sanitation can be justified by its inherent externalities: construction and
use of a family latrine protects others at least as much as it reduces disease transmission within
the family. However, the large number of poor households without sanitation makes it difficult
for strained government budgets to contribute a large fraction of the cost. In addition,
economists and sector professionals are generally sceptical of subsidy schemes, having seen how
inefficient and counterproductive some poorly designed programs can be.

Promotion of household level sanitation and introducing low cost toilets like Gramalaya,
Sulabh International, Bio Toilet, Eco-San Systems
Household level sanitation needs to be promoted in slums as well as non-slums areas. This will
result into reducing reliance on community toilet and open defecation. Maharashtra Swaccha
Bharat Abhiyan is acting as an effective tool to provide individual level sanitation facilities in the
city. In slum as well as non-slum areas, low cost toilets like Gramalaya can be initiated.
Initiate Promoting household sanitation through IEC campaigns in slum areas

It was observed during the survey as well as from the people’s perceptions, people would prefer
the individual sanitation facilities rather than public or community level sanitation facilities. To
initiate awareness; campaign for the importance of the hygienic improved sanitation facilities,
management of sanitation services and give the knowledge about the sanitation schemes which
is applicable in slum as well as non-slum areas.
10.3.6 Community level sanitation
Upgrading Community Blocks for improved infrastructure and onsite collection-treatment-

disposal system
At present; most of the community toilet blocks in the city are poorly maintained and thus the
percentage of open defecation is increased.
As an immediate intervention it is suggested to rehabilitate all existing Community Toilet blocks
with improved level of sanitation, water supply, and infrastructure, regular cleaning of septic
tank, etc. and enhance the hygiene level so as to reduce the practices of open defecation.
Especially for the onsite management system it is necessary to assess the condition and
functioning of all the septic tanks and if required; to rebuild the same with proper technical
design and detailing.
Introduce O and M of CTs on pilot basis through involvement of local CBOs/ NGOs
The local authority has to initiate O and M (Operation and maintenance) of community block
through involvement of CBOs to ensure regular O and M of CT blocks. This can be initiated on
pilot basis for 1 or 2 slums in which O and M will be outsourced to private operator or through
building capacity of the community to take in charge of O and M of community toilet blocks. In
such activity, local women welfare groups also can be involved for regular maintenance of toilet
blocks.
10.3.7 Suggested improvements for public level sanitation
It has been noticed that, lack of hygienic, well maintained public sanitation facility near market
and commercial places in core areas is a main concern. The number of visitors in the market and
commercial areas exerts tremendous pressure on the currently provided sanitation facilities.
Which ultimately results in poor operation and maintenance of them.

Therefore, as short term action plan, it is suggested to construct public toilet near the market
area. The toilet block consists of 5 seats each for male and female and 5 urinals. It can be
managed on user fee basis.
10.3.8 Total Investment
The total investment required for developing sewerage and sanitation facilities in town up to
2036 requires capital investment of INR 97.09 Crores of rupees.
Table 10-4: Sewerage- Action Plan
Action Plan (2016- (2021- (2026- (2031- (2016-
21) 26) 31) 36) 36)
Investment
97.09 Cr 776.02 6241.25 1791.25 901.25 9709.77
Sewerage System and Drainage

Investment
Rehabilitation and cleaning of

165.40 0 0 0 165.40
Capital
drains and nallah
Construction of UGD 0 6230 1780 890 8900.00
Total Investment on sewerage system and

165.40 6230.00 1780.00 890.00 9065.40
drainage

    
drains
Survey and Preparation Project
    
Report
Providing and Laying of Sewer
Capital Facilities on Sanitation
    
Network
Wet wall/dry wall and Pump
    
House
Sewerage Pumping Machinery     
Sewerage Rising Main     
Sewage Treatment Plant     
Land Acquisition     
MSEB Connections and Others     

Road Crossing     
Misc. Works (Staff Quarters,
    
Wall Compound and Others)

Trial Run     
Disposal System     
Maintenance Machinery    
Arrangement For Effluent for

Utilizing for Irrigation and    
Disposing of it
Provision for Sewers from
Boundary of Property up to
   
Manholes of the Municipal
Sewer
Individual and Community Sanitation
Promote household level
Capital Investment on Sewerage
sanitation through IEC 10 5 5 5 25

campaigns
Up-gradation of existing
48.75 0 0 0 48.75
Community Toilets
Construction of Public toilet 18.75 6.25 6.25 6.25 37.5
Construction of individual
533.12 0 0 0 533.12
household toilets
Total of Individual and
610.62 11.25 11.25 11.25 644.37
Community Sanitation

Capital Investment on
sanitation through IEC     

campaigns
Sanitation
Up-gradation of existing
    
Community Toilets
Construction of Public toilet     
    
household toilets
Isolate sewerage system from drinking water and storm water lines
Other Action
Eradicate conditions for malaria, dengue and other water-borne diseases

Measures
Decentralize the system of operations for effective service delivery

Improve and ensure access to sanitary facilities for the urban poor and slum dwellers
Encourage pay and use category of public conveniences with community involvement
in the maintenance of the same

Sectoral
notes
Cost recovery on service is possible only through the introduction of sewerage charges
directly or in the form of tax, which however is in want of political will.
Collection network reach as % of road length (min 85%)

Monitoring Indicators
Population coverage with sewerage network (min 70%)

Performance
System coverage – UGD HSCs as % of PT assessments (min 85%)

UGD Network and Rising mains/ Road Length Covered (80%)
Sewerage treatment (Against generation) (100%)
% of Treatment capacity w.r.t water supplied (85%)
Cost recovery through user charges (100% O&M expenses)
10.4 Proposals for Transportation

Palghar is a fast developing town situated on north of Mumbai and Vasai. Also it is located on
major road such as state highways and National highways. Looking at the growth potential of the
town improvement in road and transportation facilities are important.
The survey inferences and analysis brought to the transportation strategy which is stated as
follows:
 Up gradation of internal roads of core area and development of roads in outer areas.
 Development of new road as per growth trend
 Widening of roads as per the need.
 Junction improvement and signalling.
 Development of ring roads.
 Development of Parking spaces.
 Development of truck terminal.
 Dedicated lanes for pedestrian and hawkers in core area.
10.4.1 Strategies
Increase carrying capacity through widening and improve riding quality through strengthening of
existing roads. Create new roads to cater missing links and develop areas and present the urban
face of the city. Institute an efficient, safe and accessible transportation system for the entire
region.
Redesigning of major junctions for better management of traffic and safety of pedestrian.
Beautification of Old Mahim-Palghar road by providing street furniture.
Parking spaces should be developed on pay and park basis, involving private developers (PPP
basis).
10.4.2 Total Investment
The block estimate of total investment required on Road, Street Lights, Transportation and Traffic
would be INR 133.53 Crore at current prices.

10.4.3 Outcome
Hassle-free travel on the roads and effective transportation system convenient to everyone.
10.4.4 Priority Needs
10.4.4.1 Converting WBM/kuccha road to Bitumen Surfaced road:
Total road network of Palghar is 118 km as per primary data collection survey. Out of that 24 Km
of roads are with concrete surface, 67 km of roads have bituminous surface and 27 km of roads
are WBM/Kuccha roads. All the roads in the boundary of municipal council need to be
constructed with pukka surface. The priority should be given to the roads with more PCU counts.
Also, the existing pukka roads should be widened as per detailed survey. The DPR for the road
should be made by expert consultants before initiating development in road conditions.
As per the primary survey 27 km of roads are WBM/Kuccha roads. Converting of WBM/Kuccha
roads into Bitumen roads must be done in the first and second phase of CDP. In first phase, 18
Km of these category of roads can be converted. In second phase, 9 Km the project as safety must
be given the utmost priority
10.4.4.2 Widening of DP road:
The main arterial and sub arterial category roads need to be widened to cater the increasing
traffic volume. As proposed in DP, 23.95 Km of road is to be widened and the work should be
executed in the initial two phase of the project. In the first phase, it is recommended to widen
roads in core and congested area. The feasible road length for this first phase widening is 14.37
Km. in second phase of CDP, the widening is recommended as 9.58 Km. the total cost of widening
is 10.78 Crore.
In above figure, the tentative road with possible requirement of widening are shown phase wise.

10.4.4.3 New Road Development:

Looking into the growth rate of town, 50.8 Km of new roads are proposed. It is recommended to
start the construction of new roads in the second phase. The priority given in second phase are
the roads within the industrial area. The industrial infrastructure is considered as an accelerating
factor to economic growth. In third phase the ring road and some roads in Vevur and Navli village
are recommended to take under development. In the last phase the Tembhode and Alyali village
is given attention and the remaining part of Vevur and Navli under new road development
proposals. The new road development proposals as shown in following figures.
Second Phase of New Road Development

Third Phase of New Road Development
Fourth Phase of New Road Development
10.4.4.4 Major Junction Improvement:

According to the primary survey, some of the junctions in the town needs to be improve on
priority basis for vehicle as well as pedestrian safety and smooth flow of traffic. The improvement
would be in terms of improving islands as per standards and signalizing considering pedestrian
safety. The identified junctions are as follows:
Ambedkar chowk:
Ambedkar chowk has roundabout which is not signalized, due to which conflict points are
increased. This leads to hampering to the safety of pedestrians and vehicles. Hence to reduce the
conflict points signalling the junction is necessary.
Panch Batti chowk:
This chowk is most congested and needs to be well managed through signalling the junction. Also
the existing roundabout causes obstruction to the vehicles as it comes in the right of way of the
lane.
Chatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Chowk:
Chatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Chowk is one of the important junction in Palghar as it connects the
State Highway No. 34, Boisar-Palghar road and Manor road. Hence this junction needs signalling
and proper corner edges should be designed.

10.4.4.5 Truck Terminus:

Truck terminus is proposed in the north-east side of Palghar at the boundary of Municipal
Council. It is located adjoining the State Highway No. 34. Area of proposed Truck Terminus is 3.39
Ha. It is proposed to develop in the second and third phase as looking at the heavy traffic flow.
10.4.4.6 Parking Facility:
Parking spaces are not adequate in the town. People utilize the open land and curb sides of roads
for parking purpose. Parking areas must be developed in the town to reduce the on street
parking. New parking spaces are proposed in Tembhode, Vevur, Navli, Palghar, Alyali areas. Total
area to be developed for parking is 5.65 Ha. The parking spaces are well distributed in the town
and can cope up with the future requirements.
10.4.4.7 Street Light Augmentation:
Around 2424 numbers of street lights present in the town as of date. As per the road length and
required street light ratio it is observed that total coverage is 100%. However, with development
of new roads in the boundary of Municipal council, it is necessary to install additional street lights
according to the requirement. The cost proposed for installation of street lights for new
development is 7.99 Crores
10.4.4.8 Street Furniture and Beautification:
Street furniture is an important element for people to hang around and meet or gather together
for relaxing and chatting. Hence, street benches should be provided on the Old Mahim-Palghar
road. Also for the fresh air to breathe and reduce the impact of vehicular pollution on humans as
well as environment, plants should be planted on the road sides. Dustbins should be placed at
sufficient distances along the roads for maintaining the cleanliness of the road. For road safety,
signages should be placed where ever required. Information boards must also be installed with
information of major roads and important places.
Table 10-5 Action Plan-Transportation and Traffic Management
Road, Street Lights, Transportation and Traffic Management (2016-2036)
Phase 3 Phase 4
Phase 1 Phase 2 Total
Investment
(2027- (2032-
(2016-21) (2022-26) (2016-36)
31) 36)
133.53 Crores
3,698.98 3,369.19 3,149.92 3,135.41 13,353.50
Widening of DP Roads   
Facilities
Capital
Converting WBM/
  
kuccha roads in Bitumen

New Roads to be
developed as per growth   
trend
Street Lighting    
Truck Terminal (if

proposed in the     
development plan)
Junction improvement,
signage, section  
improvement
Parking Development    
Coordination Measures
 Public transport improvements like provisions for bus stops with signage,
street furniture, etc. shall be planned and implemented.
 A regional traffic and transportation study shall be conducted for integrated
planning and development of ring roads, bypass roads, and other regional
connecting roads. The study shall form the basis for the fixing of alignment,
land acquisition if any, and other such regional projects to be implemented.
 PPP options O&M may be explored
 Hawker zones must be created as part of the land use policy, and
continuous efforts made to avoid encroachments
Other Measures
 Create parking spaces and increase parking charges in prime areas and
congested zones.
 Provide for pedestrian facilities like pedestrian plazas and footpaths.
 It must be ensured that at least 60 percent of the roads have footpaths (i.e.,
roads of 20 feet and above)
 Public transport improvements shall include identifying and locating bus

Sectoral
Notes
bays, developing dedicated bus lanes on major roads, etc. Location of city
bus stops shall be always such that no bus stop is within 100 mt distance of
a junction/ intersection.

 Coordinated efforts between PMC and the respective traffic police

departments need to be made for effective traffic management and to
ensure disciplined travel and behavior.
 Street lighting systems shall constitute of automated switching, dimming

mechanism, etc.
Performance Monitor
 Road network – Degree of connectivity in terms of area under roads (in

conformity with DP proposal when prepared)
Indicators
 Road condition – percentage of municipal roads surfaced (100% - CC/ BT

surfacing)
 Road condition - roughness (Max. permissible 2000mm/km); rutting (20
mm) max. Permissible (1 %)
10.5 Solid Waste Management

It has been noticed that, the routes of Ghantagadi are not defined according to solid waste
generation in the area. Hence, as an immediate intervention, route rationalization for collection
and transportation of solid waste is suggested, augmentation of vehicles is also proposed as per
the requirements in respective phases. Recruitment of the sweepers and Labour for achieving
100% coverage in Door to Door collection and sweeping is suggested. Additional handcarts and
tricycles are proposed to be acquired for house to house collection in congested and narrow
areas. It includes modifications and addition of routes on the basis of existing scenario of solid
waste collection and transportation. Almost all waste bins are non-functional due to lack of
maintenance. Hence; it is suggested to replace and place new dustbins. Development and
extension to the existing landfill site is suggested, as during survey it was observed that the
landfill site need basic improvements like compound wall, access road, etc. As long term
achievement, it is suggested to develop a regional approach for treatment and disposal of solid
waste. Accordingly; at present; midterm and long term interventions for treatment and disposal
of solid waste are suggested.
As an immediate intervention; rag pickers and informal groups can be involved for collection of
recyclable waste and segregation of waste. Such intervention requires only IEC campaign to
generate awareness amongst them and ULB will not require sharing huge amount on
infrastructure. This involves regularization of informal activity performed by rag pickers within
the town.

The investments will comply with the SWM rules 2000 by reducing manual handling and
extension of landfill site. The number of waste collection vehicles may be augmented from time
to time in accordance to the pattern of land use development.
10.5.1 Strategy
 Source segregation and door-to-door collection, effective transportation and
environmentally safe disposal.
 Implement 100 % door-to-door collection of solid waste.
 Training to the sanitation workers regarding collection, handling of waste, safety
measures, etc.
 Women, especially household wives, should be given training in solid waste
management.
 Segregate waste at three levels -- solid recyclable waste, biodegradable waste and toxic
waste and train PMC workers in segregation of waste.
 Create awareness on the impact of improper solid waste management, the importance
of segregation of waste and the means to do it.
 Start up the practice among societies of giving prizes to individuals for segregating
waste regularly.
10.5.2 Investment
Total investment proposed under Solid Waste Management is INR 5.15 crores.
10.5.3 Outcome
Reduce Waste generation, hygienic condition and clean town.
Table 10-6: SWM-Action Plan
Action Plan for Solid Waste Management (2016-2036)
Phase Phase Phase Phase
Total
1 2 3 4
Investment
(2016-
(2016- (2022- (2027- (2032-
5.15 Crores 36)
21) 26) 31) 36)
193 199 99 24 515
Rationalization of routes of vehicles used

Capital Facilities
for door to door collection to achieve

maximum collection and transportation
    
of solid waste and additional vehicles
required, for 100% coverage of solid
waste collection.

Replacing existing bins and introducing

    
new waste bins
Initiating maximum segregation through

    
IEC activity
Development of compost site     
Development of the landfill site     
Create a separate multi-disciplinary SWM cell with expertise in Engineering Human

Resources/Personnel Management, Awareness Generation/ Social Behaviour, Health.
Increase the ambit of Solid Waste Management to include “recycling” and to facilitate and
regulate the sector accordingly.
Ensure optimum utilization of existing fleet.
Initiate I-E-C campaigns to create awareness among the urban poor and slum dwellers of
better SWM practices
Initiate steps to share the responsibility of primary collection of segregated garbage with
citizens. Also, institutionalise rag pickers associations and integrate them with the system
to carry out primary collection activities.
Develop transfer stations in a scientific and eco-friendly manner to act as decentralised

waste processing sites for different types of material.
Source segregation- reduction of waste to be collected (Min 70% of waste generated)

Performance
Monitoring
Indicators
Door to door collection as percentage of households covered (100%)
Optimum fleet utilisation of (No. of trips/vehicle/day - average min of 2.5
Vehicle capacity as percentage of rated capacity to waste generated (min 100%)
10.6 Poverty Reduction and Basic Services for Urban Poor

PMC’s strategy to improve the economic conditions in the slums and thereby eradicate the word
‘slum’ and poverty from Palghar town, various developments works and improvement programs
are suggested. The infrastructure requirements in the sector are of immediate priority.
Accordingly, investments are identified.

10.6.1 Strategy
Rehabilitation of slum dwellers currently staying in vulnerable areas, in-site improvements and
access to basic services and amenities
10.6.2 Housing for All
The newly launched scheme of government which assures housing for all can be implemented to
provide basic services and housing for urban poor, Economically Weak Section (EWS), Low
Income Group (LIG). The scheme involves,
 Slum rehabilitation of Slum Dwellers with participation of private developers using land
as a resource
 Promotion of Affordable Housing for weaker section through credit linked subsidy
 Affordable Housing in Partnership with Public and Private sectors
 Subsidy for beneficiary-led individual house construction Use of land as a resource and
redevelopment of slums
The mission will support construction of houses up to 30 square meter carpet area with basic
civic infrastructure. Slum redevelopment projects and Affordable Housing projects in partnership
should have basic civic infrastructure like water, sanitation, sewerage, road, electricity etc. ULB
should ensure that individual houses under credit linked interest subsidy and beneficiary led
construction should have provision for these basic civic services.
The minimum size of houses constructed under the mission under each component should
conform to the standards provided in National Building Code (NBC). If available area of land,
however, does not permit building of such minimum size of houses as per NBC and if beneficiary
consent is available for reduced size of house, a suitable decision on area may be taken by
State/UTs with the approval of SLSMC. All houses built or expanded under the Mission should
essentially have toilet facility.
The houses under the mission should be designed and constructed to meet the requirements of
structural safety against earthquake, flood, cyclone, landslides etc. conforming to the National
Building Code and other relevant Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) codes.
The houses constructed/acquired with central assistance under the mission should be in the
name of the female head of the household or in the joint name of the male head of the household
and his wife, and only in cases when there is no adult female member in the family, the house
can be in the name of male member of the household.
State/UT Government and Implementing Agencies should encourage formation of associations
of beneficiaries under the scheme like RWA etc. to take care of maintenance of houses being
built under the mission.
10.6.3 Investment
INR 10.75 Crores.
10.6.4 Outcome
 Improvement in quality of services for the urban poor.

 Preservation of sensitive geographies and environment of town.

 Reduced vulnerability of urban poor.
Table 10-7: Slums and Urban Poor-Action Plan
Total
SLUMS and URBAN POOR: Action Plan for 1 2 3 4
(2016-
Implementation (2016 to 2036) (2016- (2022- (2027- (2032-
36)
21) 26) 31) 36)
Investment
1075.1
Rs. 10.75 Cr. 527.58 482.58 35 30
6
Housing and infrastructure development

  
for slum rehabilitation
Inventory and geographical mapping of
Capital Facilities
all slums and infrastructure in the slums

   
of PMC area and Socio-Economic Survey
of all slums in PMC area
Training for slum women and the urban
poor in self-employment and other
    
income-generating activities. PMC shall
assume a secondary/ supportive role
• Take up slum networking, involving mapping and integrating slum locations and the
natural drainage paths of the town with parks, playgrounds etc. to form a continuous
network of a green corridor. The approach is to help build infrastructure in an economical
way and also target the environmental improvement of the surroundings.
• Provision of reserved lands for Slum improvement schemes, EWS in or near each type
of commercial/ industrial/ residential land use in the Development Plan is suggested.
• Facilitate access to credit for urban poor. PMC can explore the option of acting as a
guarantor.
• Create a registration system for all the workers in the informal sector and also a specific
cell with facilities and options for insurance, training, etc. for the workers.
• Hold frequent meetings with slum dwellers to encourage their participation in slum
development programs, create awareness amongst them on beneficiary contribution to
project development, and also goad them to assume responsibility for implementing the
projects.
• Facilitate and encourage the neighborhood concept in slums to carry out recreational
activities such as reading, sports and drama.
· Infrastructure and basic services’ provision in slums shall not in isolation but in
conjunction and in line with the overall infrastructure development in the respective city.
Sector
Notes
· Awareness on education, health and hygiene shall be created among slum dwellers
in line with the long-term goal of moving towards individual toilets and doing away with
public convenience systems.

Performance · Prepare Plan of Action for Housing for All.

Monitoring
Road network – Degree of connectivity in terms of accessibility, road condition

Indicators
Water Supply: 100% households with water supply of 135 LPCD

Literacy rate: 100%
Sanitation: 100% (every HH with individual toilets, 100% collection of solid waste)
All Values in Lakh Rupees
10.7 Urban Governance

A sum of INR 1.65 Crores has been proposed to be spent over the next five phases towards
system implementation, modernization, e-Governance and GIS projects. These projects would
involve administrative reforms implementation, computerization efforts, improvement and
additions to the e-Governance project, GIS-based systems development, etc. These capital
investments are expected to bring in more accountability and transparency in the administration
of NP. Being a newly formed district place, the Palghar Municipal Council has to get pace in
administrative works. The skill improvement and technological up gradation can explicitly
increase the output.
Table 10-8: Urban Governance-Action Plan
Action Plan for Urban Governance (2016-
(2016- (2022- (2027- (2032- (2016-
2036)
21) 26) 31) 36) 36)
Investment
1.65 Crores 64 42 36 23 165
Urban Governance (Training and

20 5 20 5 50
Skill Improvement)
GIS System for tax Collection and
Capital Facilities
9 12 6 3 30
land use survey
Electronic Data Processing 15 15 5 5 40
Grievance Redressal System (SMS
10 10 0 5 25
System)
Implementation of Double Entry
System of Accounting and System 10 0 5 5 20
Modernization
Urban Governance     
Capital Facilities

    
land use survey
Electronic Data Processing     
    
System)


System of Accounting and System     
Modernization
Identify training needs of the staff of all departments (HR, administration, financial
management, urban governance, service delivery, citizens communication, IT)
Involve city-based institutions in imparting training
Publish property tax records at the ward level and bring in transparency in the system
Carry out a cost audit of all expenditures incurred service-wise and identify and assess
Other Actions/Measures
sector-wise expenditures to categories specific expenditure control measures

Communicate with the public and within the organization to build popular support for
the reform initiatives
Outsource high energy consuming maintenance works of municipal services to target
energy efficiency with revenue sharing Model
Outsource non-administrative and non-technical operations of most of the municipal
functions like property tax database management, demand notices generation, arrears
collection, etc.
Create funds like the depreciation fund, infrastructure fund and disaster management
fund to meet unplanned and emergency expenses to ensure prudent financial
management.
Establish a discriminatory pricing policy.
Take up benchmarking of services and adopt a performance monitoring system.
10.8 Growth Management and Land Use

PMC intends to facilitate availability of planned and serviced land with all required infrastructure
for development of residential, commercial and socio-economic activities in the town, newly
developing areas of the town as well as in the newly added village areas. The land use and growth
management analysis reveal the present status of development in the town. Based on the
analysis, proposals for socio-economic infrastructure are given to have a planned development
of Palghar town. A sum of Rs. 341.63 crores (INR. 82.74 Crore excluding land Acquisition) is the
identified investment for the various proposals considered. Considering the immediate need for
PMC is recommended to develop various proposal mentioned in Development Plan on priority
basis.
10.8.1 Strategy
Facilitate planned development of town through preparation and implementation of
Development plan supplemented by DC Rules and applicable norms considering the growth
trends.
While PMC does not have a direct role to play in the economic development of the town or the
region, it proposes to play a proactive role in facilitating and supporting the same through

identified projects from time to time. While the infrastructural developments initiatives are of
these bent, other initiatives like decongesting the core area through relocation of specific
economic infrastructure are proposed in DP. Facilitate concentration of research institutes in
organized institutional areas to prevent the outmigration of students seeking higher education
facilities. There is presence of intensive commercial activities in Palghar, thus the organized
commercial spaces is one of the primary needs of the town. Providing necessary supporting
infrastructure to the commercial activities is considered and it is suggested to propose organised
commercial zones/ areas in the development plan.
10.8.2 Equitable distribution of educational facilities
The Municipal corporation through the mechanism of registration and approvals should ensure
that the geographical (in terms of coverage of all areas in the town, including the new areas) as
well as functional coverage (in terms of coverage of all levels of education) is maintained. The
spatial distribution of educational institutes is important considering the development trend. The
proposals regarding educational facilities should be made accordingly in the development plan.
10.8.3 Parks/ Gardens, lake and City Beautification
The city beautification measures must ensure the protection of the environment too. Public
participation and awareness are extremely important for the city’s environmental security. PMC
shall involve NGOs, community based organizations (CBO), and resident welfare associations
(RWA) for this activity.
In addition to this, to maintain the healthy environment of the city; PMC shall:
 Identify sites and develop procedures and methods for the disposal of hazardous
wastes.
 Stop pollution of water through reduction in discharges of waste into nallahs, river.
 Ensure location of waste water treatment plants in such a way that the benefits are
maximized.
 Identify sensitive, crucial, and threatened areas of 'ecological significance' and prioritize
these areas for protection, preservation and conservation.
 Consider new areas for greening of the town such as open places, traffic islands, road
sides, playgrounds in fringe areas.
 Convert some suitable green lands into thick woodlands by replacing lawns and
ornamental plants, protect the river and other eco-sensitive areas by providing green
belts while preparing development plan.
 Encourage citizens’ contribution towards maintenance of neighbourhood parks, open
spaces through awareness programs, media.
 Frame building regulation policies to encourage decongestion of the core areas through
the FSI norms and incentives.
 Set up parking norms and specific regulations for accommodation and reservation.

10.8.4 Social Infrastructure:

Governance includes various administrative offices such as Regional Transport Office (RTO),
Excise Department, Post office, Municipal Rest House, Government Staff Quarters, Planning
Office, and Police Station, labour Welfare Center, Agriculture Research Centre, Judges Quarters,
Central Government offices, etc. which need to be developed with the growth of the town.
Health sector includes dispensaries, maternity homes, hospitals, Rural Hospital etc.
Education and Playground include various school proposals, from primary to high school, ITI
College, libraries, and playground as per the requirement of increased population.
Open Spaces here refer to gardens, parks, squares, beatification of natural sites for recreational
purpose etc.
Market includes Shopping centres, Vegetable market, weekly markets etc.
And Cremation/Burial Ground are also included into this growth management with extension of
2.32 ha of total area.
10.8.5 Sector Strategies and Investment Need
The land acquisition cost is considered approximately by reviewing the proposals of comparable
and similar nature. The proposals suggested are according to the standards prescribed in the set
guidelines. But, for the preparation of development plan preparing the existing land use map
with the detailed analysis of present facilities in recommended.
10.8.6 Investment
Land acquisition and implementation cost of development planning is INR 341.72 Crores (INR.
82.74 Crore excluding land Acquisition.)
10.8.7 Outcomes
Planned, orderly development of the peripheral areas contribute to overall development of
town. A liveable and better environment for the citizens will be provided through the
environmental and city beautification projects.

Table 10-9: Land Use- Action Plan

Action Plan for Implementation (2016 to 2036)
Land Use / Development Planning (2016- (2022- (2027- (2032- (2016-
21) 26) 31) 36) 36)
Investment
Rs. 341.72 crores. (Including

34172
Land Acquisition) 8,543 8,543 8,543 8,543
Investment
82.74 Crores (Excluding land

2069 2069 2069 2069 8274
Acquisition)
Development of the proposals suggested as per the standards (URDPFI) and

guidelines.
Governance     
Capital Facilities
Health     
Education and Play Ground     
Open Spaces     
Market Places     
Cremation Grounds     
Inventory and geographical

mapping of all town areas    
and infrastructure present
Support and
Sustenance
Measures
Linking with central and

System
states schemes for financial   

support.

• Identification of gap in social infrastructure.

• Identification of inventory in Governance infrastructure.
• Identification of Health facilities
• Identification of Education infrastructure and finding gap according to the
benchmarks.
• Identification of Parking Requirements and Development of such spaces as
reserved in DP.
• Identification of Market Spaces Requirements and Development of such spaces

as reserved in DP
• Identification of Cremation/Burial grounds Requirements and Development of
such spaces as reserved in DP.
• Compatibility of land uses (compatibility with transportation and other utilities)
is necessary.
• Assess the carrying capacity of the city at the ward/ Prabhag level and identify
actions accordingly.
• Encourage new schools, market places to be developed in the peripheral areas
to reduce traffic in the core city.
• Housing for students and the EWS/ LIG population
• To prevent the growth of the slums from city, encourage builders to develop
housing schemes for urban poor under schemes like housing for All (HFA).
• Hostels for students, working women’s hostels need to be developed along
with the educational and research institutes.
PMC needs to have a coordination cell to plan functions (land use and major
Sector Notes
infrastructure) in line with the 74th CAA and modify the DCR accordingly.
Area for open spaces in the DP needs to be increased through identification of
such potential areas. Development control and regulation is necessary
considering the public and semi-public reservations and the areas reserved for
residential land use instead of the Eco park reservations.
10.9 Tourism
10.9.1 Potential of Tourism
Located at around 87 km from the state capital city Mumbai, Palghar is an important city and the
municipal council in the district of Thane in the state of Maharashtra. It is a busy town and is well
connected with the important towns and cities of the state either by road or by railway. It is a
border town located near Gujarat and the capital city of Mumbai is located 87 km from the town.
There are many beautiful places to see in and around Palghar which draw in regular tourists. The
Kelva dam with its beautiful garden constructed many years back is not only a source of irrigation,
but also a nice place to visit. The Kelva Fort and Shirgoan Fort located nearby are popular tourist
sites along with the many beautiful beaches like Kelva Beach, Mahim Beach, Satpati Beach. There
are also a number of picturesque lakes and some famous Hindu temples like the Ram Mandir and
the Sheetala Devi Mandir which add to the beauty of the town.

10.9.2 Connectivity
Connectivity to the town is quite good as it is a part of the Mumbai Suburban Rail network. The
town lies on the Mumbai-Ahmadabad rail route and is the next major junction after the town of
Virar. By road, it is connected by the National Highway 8 which connects Mumbai and
Ahmedabad. Being so well connected, it is considered a good base point for tourists visiting the
nearby tourist sites.
10.9.3 Season
The weather in Palghar is quite tropical with summers being hot and humid and winters more
pleasant. The season change is not as evident as some other parts of the country and the town
can be visited almost throughout the year since the changes in the season is quite minimal.
However, winter is still a more popular time and the town sees the maximum inflow of visitors
during the months of November to March.
10.9.4 Strategies
10.9.4.1 Natural Scenic Site Development
Looking at the popularity of all the sea shore location, the basic facility and amenities need to be
developed for making them more popular and convenient for tourist. The open spaces,
landscapes, children parks, natural scenic site, water sports need to be developed with the help
of any agency like State Tourism Development Authority or such. In terms of sanitation, the open
spaces need to be provided with clean and well maintained public toilets with modern facilities.
Also, adequate parking facilities need to be provided.
10.9.4.2 Lakes
Lakes which are now found contaminated with the sewage and polluted water need to be
rejuvenated. The mal-practice of discharging of untreated grey and black water have destroyed
the beauty of these natural tourist site. Before development of lake side open spaces, the
rejuvenation of lakes need to be done. Clean and tidy sanitation facilities need to be provided
near lake side tourist spots.
10.9.4.3 Hawkers Zone
Establish permanent structure of low cost constructed market for hawkers. The stalls can be
leased out. Hawker’s zone can act as supporting infrastructure to tourism activities.
10.9.5 Investment
The total cost of tourism development is estimated to INR 25.5 Crores.
10.9.6 Outcome
Enhancing tourism infrastructure in a planned way Planned can support the economic
development of the town.


Total
1 2 3 4
Environmental and Tourism Development (2016-
(2016- (2022- (2027- (2032-
36)
21) 26) 31) 36)
Invest
ment
Rs. 25.5 Crores. 705 805 575 465 2550
Natural Scenic Site Development     

Capital Facilities
Lake Site Development     

Sanitation facilities provision at Tourist Places     
Hawkers market space Development     
Promotions and advertisement     
Other City Beautification Activities     
Route Mapping of Tourism sites and available

Sustenance
Support &

Measures
Physical Infrastructure inventory need to be   

System
created.
Local business and hawkers can resettled   
• Street Lights need to be provided at tourism sites

• Parking Facilities need to be created.
• Cleaning and maintenance can be carried out through PPP model.
• Hotels, restaurants, hawkers business need to be given fast track clearance.
• Specific regulations -- Accommodation Reservation
• Web site creation.
• Encouraging local people to start/develop business targeting tourist customers.
• Efficient Tax collection from the tourism business
Sector Notes
PMC need to setup a special committee out of statutory body of ULB for encouraging tourism
activities through local support. PPP model can be introduced for faster and proper
implementation of tourism plan. PMC can also prepare Tourism Master Plan for strategic
development of business in tourism.

11 Annexure I- ANNUAL ACCOUNT RECASTING

Analysing the financial strength and making long-term financial projections for ULBs is
complicated by the following:
 Budgets are not prepared in a standard format. Variations are observed between ULBs
and from year to year within the same ULB. Thus, the financial reports/budgets need to
be standardized before analysis.
 The budgets are the only financial document/report prepared by ULBs. The budget is
more a statement of receipts and payments than a statement of income and expenses.
 Various entries of different funds of a ULB are not clearly demarcated under capital or
revenue account.
 The miscellaneous account is found very huge as compared to capital and revenue
account.
 Some receipts and payments of a municipal body do not represent or do not affect its
financial health. Hence, these need to be ignored for the purposes for making long-term
projections.
Owing to the variations in the preparation of budgets, we have recast them in a standard format
as explained below:
11.1 RECEIPTS/INCOME/REVENUE
The objective of recasting the income side is to estimate the receipts that are under the control
of the ULB and/or which are utilized for meeting the core expenditure of the ULB. The ULB
receives funds from various sources such as:
11.1.1 Own tax and non-tax revenues
Items under these heads, among others, include property tax and water charges, which the ULB
levies and appropriates. It has more or less complete freedom on exploiting these sources,
subject only to certain restrictions by the state in the form of maximum tax rates, etc.
11.1.2 Grants and transfers from the state
Grants that are utilized towards meeting the core expenditure of the ULB are included under this
head. Examples are TFC, EFC, SFC grants, city development grants, transfer of stamp duty, etc.
11.1.3 Tied/specific grants
These include items like funds under MP/MLA grant, IDSMT, SJSRY, Housing scheme, etc. These
funds are received from external entities and are used for non-core activities like constructing
shops, houses. In the absence of these grants, the ULB is unlikely to incur any expenditure on
these activities. Hence, they are not included in the core receipts and payments. A qualification
is that some of these tied grants (Low Cost Sanitation Scheme) are for core functions. In such
cases, a case-by-case approach is employed.
11.1.4 Loans, deposits, advances, extraordinary items, accounting items
Deposits and advances are amounts that have to be repaid and hence cannot be considered as
ULB receipts. Notional receipts include receipts from the SFC deducted towards dues owed to
PLANITECH CONSULTANTS I
EB, MJP and so on. The subcomponents of property tax like Library Cess, Health Cess etc. that are
transferred to the state are shown under the head of Extraordinary Items. Similarly, Loans are
not considered as income for the ULB and hence their receipt should be distinguished from other
receipts.
Only items Own tax, Non-Tax and Grants are considered while making projections.
11.2 PAYMENTS/EXPENDITURE
The objective of recasting the expenditure figures is to estimate the expenditure that is under
the control of the ULB, or is incurred in meeting the cost of core functions of the ULB.
The ULB incurs expenditure on the following broad categories of expenditure
11.2.1 General municipal expenditure, salaries and capital expenditure
Administrative expenses (revenue collection, etc.) and cost in providing services (water supply,
street lighting) are included under this head.
11.2.2 Expenditure on government schemes
Non-core expenditure items like IDSMT, SJSRY, Housing scheme, etc. are included under this
head.
11.2.3 Extraordinary expenditure
Items like repayment of loans, deposits, advances, transfer of cess collected as sub-component
of property tax and so on are included under this head. Repayment of debt is an exception in this
category, as it has to be factored into long-term projections.
Only item General Municipal Expenditure Salaries and Capital Expenditures as given above, are
considered while projecting a ULB’s expenses.
PLANITECH CONSULTANTS II
12 Annexure II- MUNICIPAL FINANCE- ASSESSMENT OF LAST 5 YEARS

(2007-15)
12.1 Income Statement
12.1.1 Contribution of various sectors in Total Income in Lakh Rupees
Income Sheet
2010- 2011- 2012- 2013- 2014-
Year 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10
11 12 13 14 15
Opening
556.9 681.9 851.3 1040.3 1363.0 1674.8 2249.4 1328.4
Balance
Revenue Income
Taxes 98.7 59.3 133.7 340.9 342.2 235.8 399.1 652.4
Non-Tax 104.0 82.0 111.7 119.2 130.2 232.5 164.5 247.9
Grants 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Miscellaneous 49.3 36.1 70.0 379.9 379.9 539.0 391.5 248.3
Total
Revenue 252.0 177.5 315.4 839.9 852.3 1007.3 955.0 1148.6
Income
Capital
399.1 377.2 437.2 469.7 828.2 665.0 157.1 1169.0
Income
Total Income 651.1 554.7 752.5 1309.6 1680.4 1672.4 1112.1 2317.6
Total Income
with Opening 1208.0 1236.6 1603.9 2349.9 3043.4 3347.1 3361.5 3646.0
Balance
Values is Lakh Rupees
12.1.2 % Contribution of various sectors in Total Income
Income Sheet
2007- 2008- 2009- 2010- 2011- 2012- 2013- 2014-
Year
08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15
Opening
46% 55% 53% 44% 45% 50% 67% 36%
Balance
Revenue Income
Taxes 39% 33% 42% 41% 40% 23% 42% 57%
Non-Tax 41% 46% 35% 14% 15% 23% 17% 22%
Grants 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0%
Miscellaneous 20% 20% 22% 45% 45% 54% 41% 22%
Total Revenue
21% 14% 20% 36% 28% 30% 28% 32%
Income
Capital Income 33% 31% 27% 20% 27% 20% 5% 32%
PLANITECH CONSULTANTS III

Total Income 54% 45% 47% 56% 55% 50% 33% 64%
Total Income
with Opening 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%
Balance
PLANITECH CONSULTANTS IV
12.2 Expenditure Statement

12.2.1 Contribution of various sectors in Total Expenditure in Lakh Rupees
Expenditure Sheet
2007- 2008- 2009- 2010- 2011- 2012- 2013- 2014-
08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15
Revenue Expenditure
General
Administration 174.96 176.68 229.82 326.24 661.25 486.83 566.27 700.80
Public Safety
25.48 8.90 20.87 11.20 38.75 20.85 49.13 77.20
Health and
Facilities 300.72 1,160.35 268.99 226.97 249.23 255.29 364.93 449.95
Education - - - - - - - -
Miscellaneous
80.84 12.34 43.34 218.65 80.83 262.76 210.21 145.79
Total Revenue
Expenditure 582.01 1,358.27 563.01 783.05 1,030.07 1,025.72 1,190.54 1,373.74
Capital Expenditure
Capital
Expenditure 136.96 34.65 71.03 73.47 73.20 76.50 110.22 154.35
Total
expenditure 718.96 1,392.92 634.04 856.53 1,103.27 1,102.22 1,300.76 1,528.09
Values is Lakh Rupees
12.2.2 % Contribution of various sectors in Total Expenditure
Expenditure Sheet
2007- 2008- 2009- 2010- 2011- 2012- 2013- 2014-
08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15
Revenue Expenditure
General Administration 24% 13% 36% 38% 60% 44% 44% 46%
Public Safety 4% 1% 3% 1% 4% 2% 4% 5%
Health and Facilities 42% 83% 42% 26% 23% 23% 28% 29%
Education 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0%
Miscellaneous 11% 1% 7% 26% 7% 24% 16% 10%
Total Revenue
81% 98% 89% 91% 93% 93% 92% 90%
Expenditure
Capital Expenditure
Capital Expenditure 19% 2% 11% 9% 7% 7% 8% 10%
Total expenditure 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%
PLANITECH CONSULTANTS V
13 Annexure III- Capital Investment Plan- Long Term Plan (2016-2036)

Phas Phas Phas Phas
Total
e1 e2 e3 e4
Type of Infrastructure (2016
(2016 (2022 (2027 (2032
-36)
-21) -26) -31) -36)
Water Supply
1 Water Treatment Plant (Capacity Augmentation in MLD) 311 0 0 0 311
2 Elevated Service Reservoir (MLD) 112 37 37 37 225
3 Distribution System (Km) 1094 438 438 438 2409
Other Supporting Infrastructure (Water Meter,
4 821 411 411 411 2054
Automation & SCADA)
TOTAL 2339 886 886 886 4998
Sewerage & Sanitation
1 Rehabilitation and cleaning of drains and nallahs 165 0 0 0 165
2 Construction of UGD 0 6230 1780 890 8900
Promote household level sanitation through IEC
1 10 5 5 5 25
campaigns
2 Upgradation of existing Community Toilets 49 0 0 0 49
3 Construction of Public toilet 19 6 6 6 38
4 Construction of individual household toilets 533 0 0 0 533
TOTAL 776 6241 1791 901 9710
Transportation
1 Widening of DP Roads 647 431 0 0 1078
2 Converting WBM/ kuccha roads in Bitumen 2430 1215 0 0 3645
3 New Roads to be developed as per growth trend 0 1236 2529 2757 6522
4 Street Lighting 0 127 261 284 673
5 Truck Terminal 281 94 94 94 562
6 Junction improvement, signage, section improvement 75 0 0 0 75
7 Parking Development 266 266 266 0 799
1335
TOTAL 3699 3369 3150 3135
4
Rationalization of routes of vehicles used for door to
door collection to achieve maximum collection and
1 15 5 5 5 30
transportation of solid waste and additional vehicles
required, for 100% coverage of solid waste collection.
2 Replacing existing bins and introducing new waste bins 98 14 14 14 140
3 Initiating maximum segregation through IEC activity 5 5 5 5 20
4 Development of compost site 75 0 0 0 75
5 Development of the landfill site 0 175 75 0 250
TOTAL 193 199 99 24 515
PLANITECH CONSULTANTS VI

Housing and infrastructure development for slum
1 448 448 0 0 895
rehabilitation
Inventory and geographical mapping of all slums and
2 infrastructure in the slums of PNP area and Socio- 50 5 5 0 60
Economic Survey of all slums in PNP area
Training for slum women and the urban poor in self-
3 employment and other income-generating activities. 30 30 30 30 120
PNP shall assume a secondary/ supportive role
TOTAL 528 483 35 30 1075
Urban Governance
1 Urban Governance (Training and Skill Improvement) 20 5 20 5 50
2 GIS System for tax Collection and land use survey 20 0 10 0 30
3 Electronic Data Processing 15 15 5 5 40
4 Grievance Redressal System (SMS System) 10 10 0 5 25
Implementation of Double Entry System of Accounting
5 10 0 5 5 20
and System Modernization
TOTAL 75 30 40 20 165
1 Natural Scenic Site Development 120 300 60 60 540
2 Lake Site Development 0 100 0 0 100
3 Sanitation facilities provision at Tourist Places 100 20 30 20 170
4 Hawkers market space Development 100 0 100 0 200
5 Promotions and advertisement 10 10 10 10 40
6 Other City Beautification Activities 375 375 375 375 1500
TOTAL 705 805 575 465 2550
Growth Management and land Use (Including Land Acquisition)
Governance 192 192 192 192 768
1
Health 305 305 305 305 1220
2
1880
Education and Play Ground 4700 4700 4700 4700
3 0
1195
Open Spaces 2989 2989 2989 2989
4 6
Market Places 331 331 331 331 1324
5
Cremation Grounds 26 26 26 26 104
6
3417
Total 8543 8543 8543 8543
2
TOTAL CAPITAL INVESTMENT PLAN (Including 168 205 151 140 665
Land Acquisition) 57 56 19 05 38
PLANITECH CONSULTANTS VII

Growth Management and land Use (Excluding Land Acquisition)

Governance 107 107 107 107 429
Health 83 83 83 83 330
Education and Play Ground 1096 1096 1096 1096 4385
Open Spaces 634 634 634 634 2534
Market Places 138 138 138 138 552
Cremation Grounds 11 11 11 11 44
Total 2069 2069 2069 2069 8274
TOTAL CAPITAL INVESTMENT PLAN 103 140 864 753 406
(Excluding Land Acquisition) 83 82 5 0 40
PLANITECH CONSULTANTS VIII

14 Annexure IV- Capital Investment Plan- Short Term Plan (2016-2021)

2016- 2017- 2018- 2019- 2020-
Type of Infrastructure 2016-21
17 18 2019 20 21
Water Supply
Water Treatment Plant (Capacity
1 0.0 0.0 0.0 155.4 155.4 310.7
Augmentation in MLD)
2 Elevated Service Reservoir (MLD) 44.9 22.5 22.5 22.5 22.5 112.3
3 Distribution System (Km) 218.9 218.9 218.9 218.9 218.9 1094.5
Other Supporting Infrastructure
4 (Water Meter, Automation & 0.0 246.4 246.4 164.3 164.3 821.4
SCADA)
Total 467.8 467.8 467.8 467.8 467.8 2338.9
1 33.1 33.1 33.1 33.1 33.1 165.4
drains and nallahs
2 Construction of UGD 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
1 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 10.0
sanitation through IEC campaigns
Upgradation of existing
2 16.3 16.3 16.3 48.8
Community Toilets
3 Construction of Public toilet 6.3 6.3 6.3 18.8
4 106.6 106.6 106.6 106.6 106.6 533.1
household toilets
Total 164.2 164.2 164.2 141.7 141.7 776.0
Transportation
1 Widening of DP Roads 32.3 194.0 194.0 194.0 32.3 646.7
Converting WBM/ kuccha roads in
2 121.5 729.0 729.0 729.0 121.5 2430.0
Bitumen
New Roads to be developed as per
3 0.0 0.0 0.0
growth trend
4 Street Lighting 0.0 0.0 0.0
5 Truck Terminal 14.1 84.3 84.3 84.3 14.1 281.0
Junction improvement, signage,
6 25.0 25.0 25.0 75.0
section improvement
7 Parking Development 133.2 133.2 266.3
Total 167.9 1032.3 1032.3 1165.5 301.0 3699.0

PLANITECH CONSULTANTS IX
Rationalization of routes of
vehicles used for door to door
collection to achieve maximum
1 collection and transportation of 7.5 7.5 15.0
solid waste and additional vehicles
required, for 100% coverage of
solid waste collection.
Replacing existing bins and
2 98.0 98.0
introducing new waste bins
Initiating maximum segregation
3 1.7 1.7 1.7 5.0
through IEC activity
4 Development of compost site 37.5 37.5 75.0
5 Development of the landfill site 0.0 0.0 0.0
Total 144.7 39.2 9.2 0.0 0.0 193.0
Housing and infrastructure
1 development for slum 44.8 134.3 134.3 134.3 447.6
rehabilitation
Inventory and geographical
mapping of all slums and
2 infrastructure in the slums of PNP 15.0 35.0 50.0
area and Socio-Economic Survey
of all slums in PNP area
Training for slum women and the
urban poor in self-employment
3 and other income-generating 10.0 10.0 5.0 5.0 30.0
activities. PNP shall assume a
secondary/ supportive role
Total 25.0 89.8 139.3 139.3 134.3 527.6
Urban Governance
Urban Governance (Training and
1 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 20.0
Skill Improvement)
2 14.0 6.0 20.0
land use survey
3 Electronic Data Processing 7.5 7.5 15.0
4 6.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 10.0
System)
5 System of Accounting and System 7.0 3.0 10.0
Modernization
Total 24.0 25.5 15.5 5.0 5.0 75.0
1 Natural Scenic Site Development 48.0 24.0 24.0 24.0 120.0
2 Lake Site Development 0.0
PLANITECH CONSULTANTS X
Sanitation facilities provision at

3 40.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 100.0
Tourist Places
Hawkers market space
4 50.0 25.0 25.0 100.0
Development
5 Promotions and advertisement 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 10.0
6 Other City Beautification Activities 125.0 125.0 125.0 375.0
TOTAL 52.0 115.0 196.0 171.0 171.0 705.0
Growth Management and land Use (Including Land Acquisition)
1 Governance 48.0 48.0 48.0 48.0 192.0
2 Health 76.3 76.3 76.3 76.3 305.0
3 Education and Play Ground 1175.0 1175.0 1175.0 1175.0 4700.0
4 Open Spaces 747.3 747.3 747.3 747.3 2989.0
5 Market Places 82.8 82.8 82.8 82.8 331.0
6 Cremation Grounds 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.5 26.0
Total 0.0 2135.8 2135.8 2135.8 2135.8 8543.0
Growth Management and land Use
1045.5 4069.5 4160.0 4226.0 3356.6 16857.5
(Including Land Acquisition)
Growth Management and land Use (Excluding Land Acquisition)
1 Governance 12.00 12.00 12.00 12.00 48.00
2 Health 19.06 19.06 19.06 19.06 76.25
3 Education and Play Ground 293.75 293.75 293.75 293.75 1175.00
4 Open Spaces 186.81 186.81 186.81 186.81 747.25
5 Market Places 20.69 20.69 20.69 20.69 82.75
6 Cremation Grounds 1.63 1.63 1.63 1.63 6.50
Total 0.0 533.94 533.94 533.94 533.94 2135.75
Total Cost on Infrastructure
1045.5 2467.6 2558.2 2624.2 1754.7 10450.2
(Excluding Land Acquisition)
PLANITECH CONSULTANTS XI
15 Annexure V- POSSIBLE OPTIONS FOR PPP

15.1 Building O&M as a part of the construction contract:
This would be a typical Design Built and Operate (DBO) contractual arrangement, and would
involve;
1. Developing the contractual structure and contract documents for the project
2. Designing developer selection process and evaluation criteria.
The DBO method of project delivery offers a practical solution, when,
a) Public funding is possible,
b) Project risks make it unsuitable for implementation under a traditional private investment
framework (BOT or a Concession type) and
c) All possible efficiencies of PPP can be brought in the form of EPC and O&M contracts.
NP needs to look at the warranty period, in which the operator would train and handhold the
staff. The main issues for concern that will need to be addressed by NP in DBO projects, is the
high cost of bidding and the extent of design work required, as these may prove to be deterrents
to wider participation and, thus, may serve to offset the benefits of the DBO approach.
15.2 Providing incentives for billing efficiency etc. on a sharing basis:
NP should implement automated meter reading systems (handheld devices) with
computerization for all water billing. The installation of flow meter for each ESR to match the
quantity of water supplied and billed would prove them with the amount of losses during this
activity. For 100% cost recovery, NP should convert all the non-metered connections/PSPs to
metered connections. It should also create kiosks for collection (for all payments to the
corporation including water charges). NP needs to implement a mechanism for having staggered
water charges. This would essentially mean paying minimum tariff up to a certain quantity. The
tariff would be increased exponentially for the quantity used beyond this. This would ensure and
justify the price that one pays. This will also serve as a key for controlling the usage of water.
15.3 Outsourcing pumping, transmission and distribution activities:
NP plans to undertake projects of around Rs. 37 crores, which mainly includes augmentation and
improving the water supply network. The bigger challenge for NP is to maintain these assets once
created. NP therefore needs to explore the outsourcing some of these activities, such as,
pumping, transmission, distribution etc., either to one operator or multiple operators.
15.4 Towards achieving 24x7 water supply:
NP needs to carry out and implement a water and energy audit including a leak detection study
after every 5 years. It will ensure reduction in raw water transportation losses and better water
management. NP also needs to take a step towards augmentation of water source and
encouraging water reuse.
PLANITECH CONSULTANTS XII

16 Annexure VI - E- GOVERNANCE
16.1 Introduction
Last decade has witnessed special focus on good governance. This is particularly evident among
cities and towns, which are experiencing a rapid pace of urbanization along with increasing
mismatch between demand and supply of municipal services. The increasing complexity of facing
local government has prompted many Urban Local Bodies in India to discover creative and
innovative solutions with varying degrees of success. The most important development in this
area has been the increasing use of information technology for municipal governance.
Traditionally municipal governance has been based on manual platform, being paper and labor
intensive. However, with the increasing demand on the municipal administration, the current
way of functioning is turning out to be grossly inadequate. Information technology increases the
efficiency and the spread of the existing processes, thereby enhancing the capacity of the
administration manifold.
16.2 Current system
The traditional system has the following features
 Information in manual records
 Retrieval and analysis is very difficult
 Systematic data base not available
 Generation of useful management reports are time consuming and difficult
 Controlling the leakage of information is difficult
 Longer service fulfilment duration and delays in approvals
 Complicated steps
 Large number of levels
 Frequent loss of files
 Cumbersome process in tax calculations and reconciliation
 Manual calculation and reconciliation
 Validation and review is very difficult
 Inefficient mechanism to track citizen grievances
 No higher level tracking of grievances
 Redressal at the discretion of operating level officials
 Lack of transparency in service fulfilment
 Real time information not available
 Fixing accountability is not possible
16.2.1 Objectives of E-Governance System
Based on the limitations of the traditional and existing processes, the users of the system will
desire the following incremental benefits from the e-governance system.
 Improving the quality of service to the citizens
 Facilitation of citizens with easy and quick access to department information and
services
 Infusion of transparency in providing the services to citizens
PLANITECH CONSULTANTS XIII

 Efficiency in administration
 Facilitation of quicker processing of the citizen service requests
 Facilitation of easy maintenance of citizen’s records
 Making citizen tax and other critical records tamper proof
 Efficient approval and processing of files
 Simplified processes of assessment
 Information management
 Real time capture of information
 Facilitation of analysis and review
 Real time exception reporting
 Preventing loss and leakage of information
 Management Information System
 Generation of customized reports
 Clear accountability
16.3 Scope of an E-Governance System
An organization wide municipal e-governance system has the following components
16.3.1 Administrative system
This part of system facilitates the normal administrative processes of the municipal corporation.
The objective of this component is to reduce the time required and steps involved for the normal
operating decisions of departments of the corporation, while capturing the data related to tax
collection, service delivery and citizen records in real time.
16.3.2 Management Information System
This part of the system facilitates the decisions taken at higher levels of the departments by
supplying the decision maker with relevant information at the relevant time. This component
allows the user to define the information required to facilitate the decision.
16.3.3 Citizen Interface
This part of the system creates linkages between the corporation and the citizens to provide them
with the information that affects them.
The components are schematically shown below:
PLANITECH CONSULTANTS XIV

16.4 Implementing E-Governance System

The E Governance system implementation process, involves the following entities: -
16.4.1 Municipal Administration
The system is defined based on the mapping of the municipal administration processes and
decision flows. The commitment of the municipal administration is the most important
prerequisite for the e governance system.
16.4.2 System consultants
Since the municipal body would not have the knowledge base to map the processes against the
system requirements, therefore a consultant is appointed for process mapping and subsequent
system design.
16.4.3 Employees
The process mapping is done based on the inputs given by the employees to the system
consultant. Moreover the system has to be designed as per the capacity and the need of the
actual users of the system, the employees.
16.4.4 Citizens
The purpose of the e-governance system is to improve the activities of the municipal corporation
with a view of increasing the quality of the service delivered to the citizens of the corporation.
PLANITECH CONSULTANTS XV
PLANITECH CONSULTANTS XVI

17 Annexure VII- Development Plan of Palghar City
PLANITECH CONSULTANTS XVII

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CITY

providing necessary information and data concerning City Development Plan.

their time and knowledge in the implementation of this project.

participation and involvement while survey and consultation in preparation of City

4.4 Growth potential ............................................................................................................. 18

5.8.3 Coverage of water supply ..................................................................................................... 63

8 VISION FORMATION FOR PALGHAR .................................................................. 102

10.6.4 Outcome ......................................................................................................................... 133

15.3 Outsourcing pumping, transmission and distribution activities: ........................................ XII

Figure 5-27: Important roads in Palghar town ............................................................................. 49

Figure 5-57 Map showing conveyance system ............................................................................. 83

Acronyms and Abbreviations

APMC Agricultural Produce Market Committee

CDP City Development Plan

CIP Capital Investment Plan

CPHEEO Central Public Health and Environmental Engineering Organization

DCB Demand Collection Balance

PMC Palghar Municipal Council

DPR Detail Project Report

FOP Financial Operating Plan

GoI Government of India

GoM Government of Maharashtra

ISHDP Integrated Housing and Slum Development Programme

lpcd Liters Per Capita Per Day

MBR Mass Balancing Reservoir

MIDC Maharashtra Industrial Development Corporation

MLD Million Liters Per Day

NRW Non-Revenue Water

O&M Operation and Maintenance

PHC Public Health Center

PPP Public Private Partnership

PMC Palghar Municipal Council

STP Sewerage Treatment Plant

SWM Solid Waste Management

SWOT Strength Weaknesses Opportunity Threats

ULB Urban Local Bodies

WTP Water Treatment Plant

Sr. Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3 Phase 4 Total

1 Water Supply 2339 886 886 886 4998

2 Sewerage and Sanitation 776 6241 1791 901 9710

3 Transportation 3699 3369 3150 3135 13354

4 Solid Waste Management 193 199 99 24 515

5 Slums and Urban Poor 528 483 35 30 1075

6 Urban Governance 75 30 40 20 165

Economic and Environmental 705 805 575 465 2550

Total Cost on Infrastructure 10383 14082 8645 7530 40640

Growth Management and land

Figure 2-1 Framework of CDP

Figure 2-2 Approach to formation of City Development Plan

3 ABOUT PALGHAR CITY

Fig 1.1: Location of Palghar

Figure 3-1.2: Municipal Council Building of Palghar

Source: Census of India 2011

Population 2011 11,23,74,333 29,90,116 68,930

Area (Sq. Km) 3,07,713 5,344 22.11

Density (Persons/Sq. Km) 365 560 3117

Sex Ratio: Females per

Literacy Rate (%) 82.34 88.31 87.89