SUSPENSION - FRONT

1988 Toyota Celica

FRONT SUSPENSION
Toyota

DESCRIPTION
Vehicles are equipped with front wheel drive and independent
MacPherson strut front suspension. Suspension consists of vertically
mounted strut assemblies, control arms and a stabilizer bar.
Struts are mounted between the inner fender and steering
knuckle. Tie rod ends connect rack and pinion steering to steering
knuckle. A ball joint connects the steering knuckle to lower control
arm which attaches to frame crossmember. Stabilizer bar attaches to
lower control arms and 2 points on the crossmember. On Camry and
Tercel, the stabilizer bar acts as a strut rod and permits caster
adjustment.

Fig. 1: Tercel Front Suspension Components

Courtesy of Toyota Motor Sales, U.S.A., Inc.

ADJUSTMENTS & INSPECTION

WHEEL ALIGNMENT SPECIFICATIONS & PROCEDURES

See WHEEL ALIGNMENT SPECIFICATIONS & PROCEDURES in WHEEL
ALIGNMENT section.

WHEEL BEARING
Wheel bearings are not adjustable. Whenever bearings are
removed, replace with new bearings, races, and oil seals.
 BALL JOINT CHECKING
1) Raise vehicle and place a wooden block with a height of
7.09-7.87" (180.0-200.0 mm) under one front tire. Lower floor jack
until there is about half the load of the vehicle on front struts.
Place safety stands under vehicle.
2) Position front wheels straight ahead and block them. Use
a rod to move control arm up and down. Check for vertical ball joint
play. Ball joints are serviceable as a unit only. If damaged or any
vertical play is found, replace ball joint.

REMOVAL & INSTALLATION

WHEEL BEARING
Removal
1) Remove cotter pin, bearing lock nut cap and bearing lock
nut (apply brakes when removing lock nut). Remove brake caliper. Do
not disconnect brake line. Secure caliper out of the way. Remove disc
brake rotor. Remove cotter pin and castle nut from tie rod end.
2) Using Puller (09950-20016) for Camry and Corolla models,
Puller (09610-20012) for Tercel models, or Puller (09628-62011) for
Celica models, pull tie rod end from steering knuckle. Place
reference marks on lower strut bracket and camber adjusting cam.
3) Remove bolts and nuts to separate steering knuckle and
strut. On Camry and Tercel models, remove 2 bolts holding ball joint
to steering knuckle and separate. On Celica and Corolla models,
remove 1 bolt and 2 nuts, and separate lower arm from steering
knuckle.
4) On all models, use puller to pull axle hub from drive
shaft. Cover drive boot with a cloth to prevent damage. On Celica and
Corolla models, use Puller (09610-55012) to remove the ball joint
from the steering knuckle.
5) Place steering knuckle in a vise and remove dust
deflector. Using Seal Puller (09308-00010), pull inner oil seal out
of steering knuckle. Remove snap ring from steering knuckle hole.
6) Remove the 3 bolts holding the disc brake dust cover to
the steering knuckle. Using puller, push axle hub from steering
knuckle. Remove disc brake dust cover. On models equipped with ABS,
remove speed sensor rotor from axle hub. Remove inside inner bearing
race. Using puller, remove outside inner race from axle hub. Pull
outer oil seal from steering knuckle.
7) On all models, install old outside inner race on bearing.
On Tercel models, use Fixture (09228-22020) and an arbor press to
remove bearing from steering knuckle. On all other models, use Driver
(09605-60010) and a hammer to remove bearing.
Fig. 2: Camry, Celica & Corolla Axle Hub Components
Courtesy of Toyota Motor Sales, U.S.A., Inc.

CAUTION: Always replace bearings and races as an assembly.

Installation
1) On Camry, Celica and Corolla models use an arbor press and
Seal Driver (09608-32010) to press new bearing into steering knuckle.
On Tercel models, use Bearing Driver (09309-35010) to press new
bearing into steering knuckle. Place outside inner bearing race on
outside bearing.
2) Using seal driver and Bushing Driver (09710-14012) for
Camry, Celica and Corolla models, or Seal Driver (09515-35010) for
Tercel models, drive new outer oil seal into steering knuckle. Apply
sealer to dust cover and steering knuckle connection and assemble.
3) On models equipped with ABS, install speed sensor rotor
onto axle hub. Use Bearing Driver (09310-35010) to press hub into
steering knuckle. Do not interchange the inner and outer races on
Tercel models. Install snap ring into hole of steering knuckle on all
models.
4) Using seal driver and Bushing Driver (09710-14012) for
Camry, Celica and Corolla models, drive new oil seal flush to the end
surface of steering knuckle. On Tercel models, use Seal Driver
(09309-35010) to drive inner oil seal .130" (3.3 mm) below the end
surface of steering knuckle.
5) On Camry models, use Seal Driver (09223-41020) to drive
new dust deflector into steering knuckle. On Tercel models, use Seal
Driver (09608-16050). On Corolla models, use Seal Driver
(09218-46010). On Celica models, use Seal Driver (09608-35014).
6) On Celica and Corolla models, seat ball joint to steering
knuckle by tightening old nut to 14 ft. lbs. (20 N.m). Remove the
nut, and install a new nut. Tighten the new nut to specification.
7) On all models, install steering knuckle with axle hub to
driveshaft with the washer and nut. Do not tighten the nut. Tighten
steering knuckle-to-control arm on Camry and Tercel models to
specification. Tighten ball joint-to-lower control arm on Corolla and
Celica models to specification.
8) Align reference marks of camber adjusting cam-to-strut.
Install steering knuckle to strut. Tighten and torque to
specifications.

NOTE: Camry and Corolla model strut bolts are installed from the
rear side. Celica and Tercel model strut bolts are installed
from the front side.

9) Install disc rotor to axle hub. Tighten and torque brake

caliper to steering knuckle bolts to specifications. Install tie rod
end to steering knuckle. Tighten to specification. To install wheel
bearing lock nut, apply brakes and tighten axle nut on all models to
137 ft. lbs. (186 N.m). Install nut lock cap and new cotter pin.
Check wheel alignment.

Fig. 3: Camry Lower Control Arm & Stabilizer

Courtesy of Toyota Motor Sales, U.S.A., Inc.
Fig. 4: Corolla Lower Control Arm & Stabilizer
Courtesy of Toyota Motor Sales, U.S.A., Inc.
Fig. 5: Celica Lower Control Arm & Stabilizer
Courtesy of Toyota Motor Sales, U.S.A., Inc.

CONTROL ARM & BALL JOINT

Removal
1) Raise vehicle and support with jackstands. On Tercel and
Camry models remove 2 bolts holding ball joint to steering knuckle and
separate. On Celica and Corolla models remove 1 bolt and 2 nuts
holding the ball joint to the control arm and separate. On Celica
models, remove nut and disconnect stabilizer link from lower arm. On
all other models, remove stabilizer bar nut, retainer and cushion from
lower arm.
2) On Celica and Corolla models remove 2 bolts holding the
lower arm rear brackets to the frame. Loosen the lower arm bolt
(Corolla) or nut and washer (Celica) and remove lower arm. On Celica
models only, remove suspension lower crossmember and lower arm shaft.

NOTE: On Celica models equipped with automatic transmission, left

side lower control arm must be removed together with lower
arm shaft. Remove suspension lower crossmember first before
removing lower arm and shaft assembly.

3) On Camry and Tercel models, loosen the lower arm bolt.

Pry on arm and pull out bolt. Disconnect lower arm from stabilizer.
Be careful not to lose the caster adjusting spacer.

NOTE: On Tercel models, jack up the opposite wheel to remove lower

arm.

4) To remove ball joint from lower arm, use ball joint

puller. Temporarily install nut to prevent ball joint from falling
out of control arm when removing.

Installation
1) Reverse removal procedure. Tighten ball joint nut to
specification. Replace cotter pin.
2) On all models except Celica, install control arm and
finger tighten the bolts and the stabilizer nut. Tighten ball joint
to steering knuckle on Camry and Tercel models to specification.
Tighten ball joint to lower arm on Corolla models to specification.
3) On Celica models, install lower arm shaft or lower arm
shaft/control arm assembly and tighten shaft nut and bolt to
specification. Ensure shaft washer tapered side faces body. Install
lower suspension crossmember and tighten the fasteners to
specification. Tighten ball joint to lower control arm to
specification. Finger tighten lower arm nut, rear bracket bolts and
stabilizer bar link nut.
4) Install wheels and lower vehicle. Bounce vehicle to
settle the suspension. Tighten stabilizer bar nut to specification.
Tighten lower arm bolts on Camry and Tercel models to specification.
Tighten Corolla lower arm rear bracket bolts and lower arm bolt to
specification. Tighten Celica lower arm nut and lower arm rear
bracket bolts to specification. Check alignment.

CONTROL ARM BUSHING

Removal (Camry & Tercel)
1) Before removing control arm bushing, cut off excess rubber
from flange. Using a hammer and a chisel, bend bushing flange inward.
2) Using a pair of pliers, bend and break off flange. Using
an arbor press and Fixture (09726-32010), press bushing from control
arm.

Installation (Camry & Tercel)

When installing control arm bushing, there must be no oil or
grease on bushing or arm boss. Using an arbor press and Fixture
(09726-32010), press bushing into control arm boss.

Removal (Celica & Corolla)

On a vise. Remove nut, retainer and bushing from control arm.

Installation (Celica & Corolla)

Install new bushing, retainer and nut. Tighten nut to
specification.
 STRUT ASSEMBLY
Removal
1) On Camry and Corolla models only, disconnect brake tube
from flexible brake hose. Drain brake fluid into a container. Remove 2
clips and 2 "E" rings. Remove 2 bolts from the brake caliper and
remove the caliper. Do not disconnect the flexible brake hose from the
caliper assembly.
2) On Celica models, remove union bolt and 2 washers and
disconnect brake hose from disc brake caliper. Drain fluid into a
container. Remove clip from brake hose and pull off hose from bracket.
3) On all models, place reference marks on strut lower
bracket and camber adjusting cam. Remove the 2 nuts and bolts and
separate strut from steering knuckle.
4) Remove dust cover from top of strut. Loosen strut support
nut on Tercel models only. On all models, remove 3 nuts holding top
of strut to body. Remove strut from vehicle.

CAUTION: When removing strut, cover drive shaft boot with a cloth
for protection.

Disassembly
1) Install a bolt and 2 nuts to the strut lower bracket to
prevent distortion of strut shell when clamped. Clamp bottom of strut
in a vise.
2) Using Compressor (09727-22032), compress coil spring.
Hold the spring seat with Lever (09729-22031) and remove strut rod
top nut. Remove components.

Inspection (Corolla)
Inspect for leaks or damage. Pull up shock absorber piston
rod at a constant rate to see if tension is even throughout length of
pull. Rapidly move piston up and down .20-.39" (5.0-10.0 mm) to see if
there is a change in tension. If shock is defective, replace as an
assembly.

Inspection (Camry, Celica & Tercel)

Inspect for leaks or damage. Push the piston rod in fully and
release it. The rod should return at a constant speed throughout the
stroke. Check for abnormal resistance or noise when compressing the
rod. If shock is defective, replace as an assembly.

CAUTION: Be sure and discharge the gas in the shock by loosening the
ring nut 2 or 3 turns before discarding. Use Shock Absorber
Wrench (09720-00011) on ring nut.

Installation
1) To install, reverse removal procedure. On Celica, Corolla
and Camry models, ensure "OUT" mark on spring seat faces towards the
outside of the vehicle. On Celica, Corolla and Camry models, tighten
support nut to specification. On Tercel models, install nut but do not
tighten.
2) Install strut to body. Tighten and torque the 3 nuts to
specification.
3) Install strut to steering knuckle and tighten bolts. See
step 8) in WHEEL BEARING INSTALLATION in this article.
4) On Tercel, tighten support nut to specification. On all
models, install dust cover after packing bearing in suspension
support with grease. Bleed brakes. On Celica models, ensure flexible
brake hose peg aligns with caliper hole. On all models, check front
end alignment. See WHEEL ALIGNMENT section.
 STABILIZER BAR
Removal (Camry)
Remove covers below engine. Remove the 2 hole covers and the
8 bolts from the center engine mounting members. Remove stabilizer
brackets from body. Disconnect bar from lower arms. Note positions of
bushings and spacers. Remove the stabilizer bar. It may be necessary
to remove one of the lower control arms to remove stabilizer.

Fig. 6: Camry & Corolla Shock Avsorber

Courtesy of Toyota Motor Sales, U.S.A. Inc.

Removal (Celica)
Disconnect stabilizer link from lower arm and stabilizer bar.
Remove both brackets from body. On models equipped with 4WD, mark
driveshaft flange for installation reference and remove drive shaft.
Disconnect exhaust pipe from manifold. Disconnect exhaust pipe from
tail pipe hanger ring. Remove stabilizer bar. Inspect stabilizer link
ball joint arms. If movement of arms is not free in all directions,
replace stabilizer link.

Removal (Corolla)
Disconnect bar from lower arms. Remove brackets from body.
Disconnect exhaust pipe from exhaust manifold. Remove stabilizer.

Removal (Tercel)
Remove covers below engine. Remove brackets from crossmember.
Disconnect both ends from lower arms, noting positions of bushings and
spacers. Remove stabilizer bar.

Installation (All Models)

To install, reverse removal procedure. On Camry, tighten
center engine mounting member bolts to 29 ft. lbs. (39 N.m). On all
models, check wheel alignment. See WHEEL ALIGNMENT section.

TORQUE SPECIFICATIONS
TIGHTENING SPECIFICATIONS TABLE






































































Application Ft. Lbs. (N.m)

Camry
Axle Shaft Flange Bolts
4WD ..................................................... 48 (65)
2WD ..................................................... 27 (36)
Axle Nut ............................................... 137 (186)
Ball Joint-to-Control Arm Nut ............................ 67 (91)
Ball Joint-to-Knuckle Bolts ............................. 94 (127)
Brake Caliper Bolts ..................................... 86 (117)
Control Arm-to-Body Bolt ............................... 156 (212)
Control Arm-to-Steering Knuckle ........................ 156 (212)
Stabilizer Bar Bracket Bolts ............................ 94 (127)
Stabilizer-to-Control Arm Nut ........................... 86 (117)
Steering Knuckle-to-Strut .............................. 166 (226)
Strut Assembly Top Support Nut ........................... 34 (47)
Strut Assembly-to-Body Nuts .............................. 47 (64)
Tie Rod End-to-Steering Knuckle .......................... 36 (49)
Celica
Axle Shaft Flange Bolts
4WD ..................................................... 48 (65)
2WD ..................................................... 27 (36)
Axle Nut ............................................... 137 (186)
Ball Joint-to-Knuckle Nut ............................... 82 (111)
Ball Joint-to-Lower Arm ................................. 94 (127)
Brake Caliper-to-Knuckle ................................. 70 (95)
Brake Hose-to-Caliper .................................... 22 (30)
Control Arm Bushing Nut ................................. 76 (103)
Control Arm Bracket-to-Body .............................. 72 (98)
Crossmember Bolts (4) .................................. 156 (212)
Crossmember Nuts (2) ..................................... 29 (39)
Drive Shaft Flange Bolts ................................. 54 (74)
Exhaust Pipe-to-Manifold ................................. 46 (62)
Exhaust Pipe-to-Tail Pipe ................................ 32 (43)
Knuckle-to-Strut ....................................... 152 (206)
Lower Arm Shaft-to-Body ................................ 154 (208)
Lower Arm Nut .......................................... 156 (212)
 Stabilizer Link-to-
Lower Arm & Bar ......................................... 26 (35)
Stabilizer Bracket-to-Body ............................... 14 (19)
Strut Assembly Top Support Nut ........................... 34 (47)
Strut Assembly-to-Body Nuts .............................. 47 (64)
Tie Rod-to-Knuckle ....................................... 36 (49)
Corolla
Axle Shaft Flange Bolts .................................. 27 (36)
Axle Nut ............................................... 137 (186)
Ball Joint-to-Steering Knuckle .......................... 82 (111)
Ball Joint-to-Control Arm ................................ 47 (64)
Brake Caliper Bolts ...................................... 65 (88)
Control Arm Bracket-to-Body Bolts ........................ 64 (87)
Control Arm-to-Body Bolt ............................... 105 (142)
Control Arm Bushing Nut ................................. 76 (103)
Stabilizer Bar Nut ....................................... 13 (18)
Steering Knuckle-to-Strut .............................. 105 (142)
Strut Assembly Top Support Nut ........................... 34 (47)
Strut Assembly-to-Body Nuts .............................. 23 (31)
Stabilizer Bracket Bolts ................................. 14 (19)
Tie Rod End-to-Steering Knuckle .......................... 36 (49)
Tercel
Axle Nut ............................................... 137 (186)
Ball Joint-to-Control Arm Nut ............................ 59 (80)
Ball Joint-to-Knuckle Bolts .............................. 59 (80)
Brake Caliper Bolts ...................................... 70 (95)
Control Arm-to-Body Bolt ............................... 105 (142)
Stabilizer Bar Bracket Bolts ............................. 32 (44)
Stabilizer-to-Control Arm Nut ........................... 78 (105)
Steering Knuckle-to-Strut .............................. 105 (142)
Strut Assembly Top Support Nut ........................... 34 (47)
Strut Assembly-to-Body Nuts .............................. 23 (31)
Tie Rod End-to-Steering Knuckle .......................... 36 (49)