Handouts4-Final: Tcp/Ip Ipx/Spx Netbeui Subnet Mask

Handouts4-final
Tools for Testing Computer System

Tools and equipment play vital roles in troubleshooting. They help the user determine the errors found in their computer hardware and
network.
Tools used to test hardware problems:
1. Screw drivers - are used for installing and removing screws in the computer unit.
2. Pliers and tweezers - are used for picking small parts in the computer unit.
1. 3. Soldering iron- is primarily used for connecting terminals in the power supply and circuit board with the use of a soldering
lead.
4. Anti-static wrist strap, mat and spray- are used for eliminating electrostatic
discharge in the work area.
5. Lens cleaner – a device used for cleaning optical media, such as DVD-ROMS and CD-writers.
6. Thermal paste-is a paste used for heat dissipation of the processor.
Network Troubleshooting Tools

1. LAN Tester – is a device used for testing the network connection.
2. Crimping tool- is a device used to crimp the RJ45 connector to the UTP cable.
Troubleshooting computer system network

Causes of Network Trouble
If a computer is unable to connect to a network or see other computers on a network, it may be necessary to troubleshoot the network. A
network may not work because of any of the reasons below.
1. Network card not properly connected.
2. Bad network card drivers or software settings.
3. Firewall preventing computers from seeing each other.
4. Connection related issues.
5. Bad network hardware.
Solution
Because of the large variety of network configurations, operating systems and setup, not all of the below information may apply to your
network or operating system. If your computer is connected to a company or large network, or you are not the administrator of the network, it is
recommended that if you are unable to resolve your issues after following the below recommendations, you should contact the network administrator
or company representative.
Verify connections / LEDs
Verify that the network cable is properly connected to the back of the computer. In addition, when checking the connection of the network
cable, ensure that the LEDs on the network are properly illuminated. For example, a network card with a solid green LED or light usually indicates
that the card is either connected or receiving a signal.
If, however, the card does not have any lights or has orange or red lights, it is possible that the card is bad, not connected properly, or the
card is not receiving a signal from the network.
If you are on a small or local network and have the capability of checking a hub or switch, verify that the cables are properly connected and
that the hub or switch has power.
Adapter resources
Ensure that if this is a new network card being installed into the computer that the card's resources are properly set and not conflicting with
any hardware in the computer.
Adapter functionality
Verify that the network card is capable of detecting or seeing itself by using the ping command. Windows / MS-DOS users ping the
computer from a MS-DOS prompt. Unix / Linux variant users ping the computer from the shell.
To ping the card or the local host, type either ping 127.0.0.1 or ping local host
This should show a listing of replies from the network card. If you receive an error or if the transmission failed, it is likely that either the
network card is not physically installed into the computer correctly, or that the card is bad.
Protocol
Verify that the correct protocols are installed on the computer. Most networks today will utilize TCP/IP, but may also utilize or
require IPX/SPX and NetBEUI.
When the TCP/IP protocol is installed, unless a DNS server or other computer assigns the IPX address, the user must specify an IP
address as well as a Subnet Mask. To do this, follow the instructions below.
1. Click Start / Settings / Control Panel
2. Double-click the Network icon
3. Within the configuration tab double-click the TCP/IP protocol icon. Note: Do not click on the PPP or Dial-Up adapter, click on the network card
adapter.
4. In the TCP/IP properties click the IP address tab
5. Select the option to specify an IP address
6. Enter the IP address and Subnet Mask address, an example of such an
address could be:
IP Address: 102.55.92.1
Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.192
1. When specifying these values, the computers on the network must all have the same Subnet Mask and have a different IP Address. For
example, when using the above values on one computer you would want to use an IP address of 102.55.92.2 on another computer and then
specify the same Subnet Mask.
Firewall
If your computer network utilizes a firewall, ensure that all ports required are open. If possible, close the firewall software program or
disconnect the computer from the firewall to ensure it is not causing the problem.
Additional time
In some cases it may take a computer some additional time to detect or see the network. If after booting the computer you are unable to
see the network, give the computer 2-3 minutes to detect the network. Windows users may also want to try pressing the F5 (refresh) key when in
Network Neighborhood to refresh the network connections and possibly detect the network
Additional troubleshooting
If after following or verifying the above recommendations you are still unable to connect or see the network, attempt one or more of the
below recommendations.
If you have installed or are using TCP/IP as your protocol you can ping another computer's IP address to verify if the computer is able to
send and receive data. To do this, Windows or MS-DOS users must be at a prompt and Linux / Unix variant users must open or be at a shell.
Once at the prompt assuming, that the address of the computer you wish to ping is 102.55.92.2, you would type:
ping 102.55.92.2
If you receive a response back from this address (and it is a different computer), this demonstrates that the computer is communicating
over the network. If you are still unable to connect or see the network, it is possible that other issues may be present.
Another method of determining network issues is to use the tracert command if you are a MS-DOS or Windows user or the trace route
command if you are a Linux / Unix variant user. To use this command you must be at the command prompt or shell. Ortrace route 102.55.92.2
This should begin listing the hops between the computer and network devices. When the connection fails, determine what device is
causing the issue by reviewing the trace route listing.
Activity:
Enumerate the six tools used for 2. Enumerate the two

troubleshooting. network troubleshooting
tools.
1.
2. a.
3.
4. b.
5.
6.
EVAUATION:
Identify the picture choose your answer inside the box.
Pliers and tweezers Thermal paste Anti-static wrist strap Anti-static wrist spray
LAN Tester Crimping tool Soldering iron
Lens cleaner Screw drivers Anti-static wrist mat
Activity: In a bond paper draw three tools for testing submit it to my gmail account.

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Tools for Testing Computer System

6. Thermal paste-is a paste used for heat dissipation of the processor.

Network Troubleshooting Tools

Troubleshooting computer system network

Enumerate the six tools used for 2. Enumerate the two

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