ICT Troubleshooting Grade 10

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Troubleshooting computer system network

Causes of Network Trouble


If a computer is unable to connect to a network or see other computers on a network, it may be necessary to
troubleshoot the network. A network may not work because of any of the reasons below.
1. Network card not properly connected.
2. Bad network card drivers or software settings.
3. Firewall preventing computers from seeing each other.
4. Connection related issues.
5. Bad network hardware.

Solution
Because of the large variety of network configurations, operating systems, setup, etc... Not all of the below information may
apply to your network or operating system. If your computer is connected to a company or large network, or you are not the
administrator of the network, it is recommended that if you are unable to resolve your issues after following the below
recommendations that you contact the network administrator or company representative.

Verify connections / LEDs


Verify that the network cable is properly connected to the back of the computer. In addition, when checking the
connection of the network cable, ensure that the LEDs on the network are properly illuminated. For example, a
network card with a solid green LED or light usually indicates that the card is either connected or receiving a signal.
If, however, the card does not have any lights or has orange or red lights, it is possible that either the card is bad,
the card is not connected properly, or that the card is not receiving a signal from the network.
If you are on a small or local network and have the capability of checking a hub or switch, verify that the cables are properly
connected and that the hub or switch has power.

Adapter resources
Ensure that if this is a new network card being installed into the computer that the card's resources are properly set
and not conflicting with any hardware in the computer.
Adapter functionality
Verify that the network card is capable of detecting or seeing itself by using the ping command. Windows / MS-DOS
users ping the computer from a MS-DOS prompt. Unix / Linux variant users ping the computer from the shell.
To ping the card or the local host, type either ping 127.0.0.1 or ping local host
This should show a listing of replies from the network card. If you receive an error or if the transmission failed, it is likely that
either the network card is not physically installed into the computer correctly, or that the card is bad.

Protocol
Verify that the correct protocols are installed on the computer. Most networks today will utilize TCP/IP, but may also
utilize or require IPX/SPX and NetBEUI.
When the TCP/IP protocol is installed, unless a DNS server or other computer assigns the IPX address, the user
must specify an IP address as well as a Subnet Mask. To do this, follow the instructions below.
1. Click Start / Settings / Control Panel
2. Double-click the Network icon
3. Within the configuration tab double-click the TCP/IP protocol icon. Note: Do not click on the PPP or Dial-Up
adapter, click on the network card adapter.
4. In the TCP/IP properties click the IP address tab
5. Select the option to specify an IP address
6. Enter the IP address and Subnet Mask address, an example of such an
address could be:
IP Address: 102.55.92.1

Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.192

7. When specifying these values, the computers on the network must all have the same Subnet Mask and have a
different IP Address. For example, when using the above values on one computer you would want to use an IP
address of 102.55.92.2 on another computer and then specify the same Subnet Mask.

Firewall
If your computer network utilizes a firewall, ensure that all ports required are open. If possible, close the firewall software
program or disconnect the computer from the firewall to ensure it is not causing the problem.

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