DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT

For

EXPANSION OF DISTILLERY UNIT

(From 60 KLPD TO 180 KLPD of Alcohol with 16.5 MW Co-gen).
Submitted to
KARNATAKA STATE POLLUTION CONTROL BOARD
Bangalore

By
M/s SAMSONS DISTILLERIES PVT. LTD
Duggavathi Village, Harpanahalli Taluk,
Davangere District, Karnataka

SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION

M/s Samsons Distilleries Private Limited is a professionally managed agro-based
company. They have established and successfully running a molasses based
distillery unit of 60 KLD capacity at Duggavathi Village, Harpanahalli Taluk of
Davangere district in Karnataka State. They have proposed to enhance the
production capacity of the existing distillery unit by installing an additional distillery
plant of 120 KLD in the same premise. Based on the EIA studies the following
conclusions are drawn.

1. The industry is located in the rural backward region of the state. The site is
about 2 km distance from the nearest village and 4 km from water body.
There are no sensitive locations with in 25 km from the site except the river
Tungabhadra which is at 4 km from the site. The site and surrounding is dry
land with no or poor cultivation. No forest or greenery of any worth in the
region. The existing industry possesses a total of about 460 acres land area
which is sufficient for the present and proposed activities. The expansion is
proposed in the existing distillery premise.

2. As a substitute to petroleum alcohol is used as fuel in automobiles and as raw

material for many chemical products. Petroleum is scarce, costly and harmful
to the environment. It is widely used as ingredient in beverages and thereby a
source revenue to the Government. Alcohol is produced from molasses which
is the by-product of the sugar industry. It is therefore a product of renewable
source. The proposed agro based distillery has national priority to overcome
the shortage of energy and to save foreign exchange.

3. With enhancement in sugar cane cultivation the production of molasses from

the sugar industry has greatly increased. The sugar industries are facing the
problem for storage and disposal of molasses. It is necessary to create
additional capacity for utilization of molasses. This will enable sugar factories
to give better prices to the farmers supplying sugar cane.
 4. Water conservation measures such as re-boiler to analyzer column, reuse of
lees water for dilution of molasses, modification of cooling water system are
introduced in the existing 60 KLPD distillery plant. Thereby, the fresh water
utilization and spent wash generation are reduced 1334 KLD and 480 KLD,
respectively.
5. After expansion of distillery, the total requirement of molasses will be 720 T/d.
Similarly the requirement press mud for utilization of spent wash in compost
plant will be 160 T/d. These products are available in adequate quantities
from the captive sugar mills of the same management. Total requirement
water to the distillery, 1934 KLD will be met from Thungabhadra River.

6. The distillery is associated with co-gen power plant and therefore the total
requirement of electric power will be met from captive source. The excess
power generated will be distributed to KPTCL grid which stabilizes the power
supply in the region.
Spent wash contain high concentration of org. and in-org. plant nutrients such as C,
P2O5, K2O and SO4. A total of 480 KLD of is produced from the existing 60 KLPD
distillery. The same is used in bio-reactor to generate bio-gas and then composted
along with press mud to produce bio-manure. Compost yard is prepared as per
MoEF guide lines and is concreted. Entire spent wash is converted in to useful
product. Bio-gas is used as fuel in the boiler and the bio-manure containing plant
nutrients such as K and P is disposed to farmers for use in agriculture lands.
960 KLD of spent wash will be produced from the proposed 120 KLD distillery plant.
This will be concentrated to 180 KLD and then incinerated as fuel in the boiler. The
ash (26.8T/d) from boiler containing plant nutrients such as P and K is disposed as
fertilizer to the farmers.

7. Flue gases will be generated from the existing 18.0 T/hr and the proposed 60.0
T/hr boiler. Rice husk, bio-gas, spent wash concentrate are used as fuel in
the boilers. During the shortage of rice husk, the boiler will be operated on
coal. The boilers are provided with air pollution control equipments such as
multi cyclone dust separator and bag filter. The height of chimney will be
sufficient to achieve the ground level concentration of pollutants with in the
permissible limits. Hence, the ambient air quality will not be significantly
affected by the proposed gaseous emissions from the distillery.

8. Boiler ash and yeast sludge are solid wastes produced from the distillery.
Yeast sludge is dried and then composted along with press mud to
produce bio-manure. Boiler ash is disposed to farmers as soil nutrient or
soil conditioner to farmers. Distillery Dried Grains is sold as cattle feed.

9. The concept of Reduce, Recycle and Reuse is practiced in the industry. This
has resulted in reducing the effluent discharge to the Environment. As the
industry practices concentration, incineration and composting technology the
entire spent wash generated is assimilated and the industry is considered as
having zero discharge treatment schemes. The soil nutrients present in
spent wash are recovered in compost or boiler ash. These products are rich
 in micro and other nutrients and therefore useful to the formers to enhance
the nutrient values of the soil.

10. This industry does not produce any toxic products and does not have
significant adverse effect on the quality of land, water and air. The industry
has taken all the necessary preventive measures to mitigate even the small
effects which may be caused by industrial activities. Therefore, the proposed
industry will not have adverse effect on the environment or the eco system.

11. The industry adopted an effective environment management system and

environment management plan to protect the environment. The management
has incorporated health care and safety management schemes in the
industry. Due priority will be given for green belt and greenery development
within the factory premises. The industry has proposed to provide storm water
storage tanks.

12. There are no protected forests, sanctuary, archeological important structures

or other sensitive locations in the vicinity of the factory.

13. The industry on expansion will provide direct and indirect employment to more
than 500 local rural persons. With the industry, the road, communication and
related facilities in the region will also improve.

14. Based on EIA report along with the suggested measures for pollution control
and monitoring plan, the authorities can take favorable decision to accord
environmental clearance for the proposed expansion of the distillery unit.

CHAPTER - 1

1.0.0 INTRODUCTION

1.1.0 PREAMBLE

M/s. Samsons Distilleries Private Limited (SDPL) was incorporated during the year
1993 with an objective of manufacturing and dealing in chemicals. They have es-
tablished a distillery with the capacity to manufacture 30 KLD Extra Neutral Alco-hol
(ENA) and 60 KLD Rectified Spirit (R.S.) at Duggavathi village, Harpanahalli taluk,
Davangere district of Karnataka state. The location of the industry the district map of
Davangere is given in Figure-1.1. The industry has commenced production from
1993. The production capacity has been increased 30 KLD to 60 KLD during the
year 2000 – 2001. Salient features of the distillery are given in Table-1.1.
Alcohol has assumed a very important place in the economy of the country. The
importance and utility of alcohol is well known as an industrial raw material for
manufacture of a variety of organic chemicals including pharmaceuticals,
cosmet-ics, potable alcohol etc. This is partly due to high costs of products
produced through petroleum route, consequent to the phenomenal increase in
petroleum price. Further, it is a potential fuel in the form of power alcohol when
blended with petrol. Alcohol is a substitute to the imported petroleum. Being
produced from re-newable source it is an environmental friendly product. Large
demand is also an-ticipated for its use as fuel. Alcohol has assumed a very
important place in the country’s economy. Use of alcohol as an ingredient in
beverages is well known. It is a major source of revenue by way of excise duty
for the State Governments. Looking into the demand of alcohol both as fuel
alcohol and industrial alcohol the Samsons distilleries private limited wants to
expand its capacity from 60 KLPD to 180 KLPD using available infrastructure like
water, steam, energy and also raw material such as molasses and grains which
are available from the captive sugar industries managed by the same
management namely Shamanur sugars and Da-vangere sugar company at the
distance of 0.5 km and 22 km respectively. Maize is also a major agriculture crop
in this district and also adjoining districts like Dharwad, Shimoga and Bellary.
Industry wants to use the locally available grains for its use based on economics.
The existing distillery is located in 460 Acres of land at Duggavathi village limits in
Harpanahalli taluk of Davangere district. The expansion is proposed in the prem-ise
of the existing distillery. The site is adjacent to the district road joining Shimoga and
Bellary and, it is about 2 km from Duggavathi village and 14 km from Harihar town.
The location of distillery site is shown in the District map of Davangere (Figure–1.1).

1.4.0 OBJECTIVE AND SCOPE OF REIA

The overall objective of any EIA studies is to identify and assess the adverse and
beneficial impacts of the project in the planning stage itself, so that necessary miti-
gation measures to prevent or minimize these adverse impacts could be planned
early and cost effectively. In view of this objectivity, the scope of REIA study broadly
includes:

i. Introduction along with scope and methodologies for EIA study (Chapter-1).

ii. Preliminary details of project including type, need and location of project and
also the magnitude of project activities (Chapter-2).

iii. Process and site alternatives are evaluated, and their final selection is justi-fied
with respect to technical and environmental considerations (Chapter-3).

iv. Project description including process, resource required and products formed
(Chapter-4) along with sources of pollution and built in mitigation measures
with respect to waste water (Chapter-5), gaseous emissions (Chapter-6).and
Solid wastes (Chapter-7).

v. To assess the existing baseline status of the relevant environmental pa-

rameters in the study area through primary and secondary source. The en-
vironmental parameters include meteorological data, air, water, land, soil,
noise, ecology and socio economics (Chapter-8).
 vi. To Identify and quantify significant impacts of the proposed project on envi-
ronment and to plan measures for mitigation of the predicted adverse im-
pacts (Chapter-9).

vii. Technical aspects of monitoring the effectiveness of mitigation measures. It

includes laboratory and other facilities monitoring facilities, environmental
parameters to be monitored, data to be analyzed and sampling location and
schedule. It also includes budgetary provision and procurement schedule for
the monitoring facilities (Chapter-10).

viii. Project benefits in terms of improvement in social and physical infrastruc-tures

in the region of the proposed project (Chapter-11).

ix. Administrative aspects of environmental management plan to ensure that the

mitigation measures are implemented and their effectiveness is moni-tored
(Chapter-12).

x. Summary and conclusion consisting of over all justification of project. It also

includes significant adverse effects of the project along with measures to over
come the same (Chapter-13).

xi. Preparation of REIA document as per MOEF guidelines. It includes all the
above information of items from i to ix.

1.5.0 TERMS OF REFERENCES (ToR) FROM MoEF FOR EIA STUDY

Expert Appraisal Committee, Ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEF),
Government of India in its meeting held on 29.03.2007 has approved the following
Terms of References (ToR) for this industry for EIA studies.

1. Present land use based on satellite imagery (Annexure)

2. Details of site and information related to environmental setting within 10 km

radius of the project site (Chapter-8)

3. Information regarding eco-sensitive area such as national park/wildlife

sanctuary/ biosphere reservoirs within 10 km radius of project area (Chapter-8).

4. Ambient Air Quality Monitoring for three months except monsoon (Chapter-8)

5. Mathematical modeling for calculating the dispersion of air pollutants and

ground level concentration (Chapter- 6).

6. Hydrology of the area especially down stream (Chapter-5 & 8).

7. Ground water quality around the plant and compost yard (Chapter- 8)

8. Number of working days of the distillery unit (Chapter – 1).

 9. Spent wash treatment as per the latest CPCB guidelines dated. 17.11.2006
(Chapter – 3).

10. Proposed effluent treatment system and scheme for achieving zero discharge
(Chapter – 3).

11. Molasses storage shall be as per the CPCB latest guidelines (Chapter – 2).

12. Water drawl permission from irrigation department (Annexure).

13. Details of Solid Waste Management (Chapter – 7)

14. Green belt development as per the CPCB guidelines (Chapter – 9).

Note: Complete REIA is available at ERC