Thirdly, Antibiotics. While Not A Necessary Part of Cholera Treatment, Some Antibiotics Can Reduce

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Vibrio cholerae

Vibrio cholerae is a Gram-negative, comma-shaped bacterium. The bacterium's natural habitat is


brackish or saltwater where they attach themselves easily to the chitin-containing shells of crabs, shrimps,
and other shellfish. Traditionally, water was recognized as the primary vehicle for transmission of cholera,
but in the past 30 years, outbreaks of cholera associated with eating contaminated food have demonstrated
that food also plays an important role, although in many instances water is the source of contamination of
foods

Food that are most commonly associated with cholera is seafood, both molluscan shellfish and
crustaceans. Seafood may be contaminated in its natural environment or during preparation. Other food
items associated with outbreaks are fruit and vegetables, meat, cooked grains, others. Vegetables are
usually contaminated by contact with sewage in soil and fruits when injected with contaminated water to
increase weight and turgor.

Symptoms of cholera can begin as soon as a few hours or as long as five days after infection. Signs
and symptoms of dehydration§ include rapid heart rate§ , loss of skin§ elasticity (the ability to return to
original position quickly if pinched) dry mucous membranes, including the inside of the mouth, throat,
nose, and eyelids ,low blood pressure ,thirst, diarhea and muscle cramps .If not treated, dehydration can
lead to shock and death in a matter of hours.

The treatment for Cholera requires immediate treatment because the disease can cause death within
hours. Firstly, rehydration. The goal is to replace lost fluids and electrolytes using a simple rehydration
solution, oral rehydration salts (ORS). The ORS solution is available as a powder that can be made with
boiled or bottled water. Without rehydration, approximately half the people with cholera die. With
treatment, fatalities drop to less than 1%. Secondly, intravenous fluids. Most people with cholera can be
helped by oral rehydration alone, but severely dehydrated people might also need intravenous fluids.

Thirdly, antibiotics. While not a necessary part of cholera treatment, some antibiotics can reduce
cholera-related diarrhea and shorten how long it lasts is severely ill people. Forth, zinc supplements.
Research has shown that zinc might decrease diarrhea and shorten how long it lasts in children with cholera

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