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    Diodat Zenner PDF

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    Fatmir Kelmendi
    (1) The zener diode in the circuit has a breakdown voltage of 6.8V at 5mA. (2) With no load, the output voltage is 6.83V. (3) A ±1V change in the supply voltage causes a ±38.5mV change in the output voltage. (4) Connecting a 1mA load decreases the output voltage by 20mV, giving a load regulation of -20mV/mA.

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    Diodat Zenner PDF

    Uploaded by

    Fatmir Kelmendi
    123 views2 pages
    (1) The zener diode in the circuit has a breakdown voltage of 6.8V at 5mA. (2) With no load, the output voltage is 6.83V. (3) A ±1V change in the supply voltage causes a ±38.5mV change in the output voltage. (4) Connecting a 1mA load decreases the output voltage by 20mV, giving a load regulation of -20mV/mA.

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    (1) The zener diode in the circuit has a breakdown voltage of 6.8V at 5mA. (2) With no load, the output voltage is 6.83V. (3) A ±1V change in the supply voltage causes a ±38.5mV change in the output voltage. (4) Connecting a 1mA load decreases the output voltage by 20mV, giving a load regulation of -20mV/mA.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    123 views2 pages

    Diodat Zenner PDF

    Uploaded by

    Fatmir Kelmendi
    (1) The zener diode in the circuit has a breakdown voltage of 6.8V at 5mA. (2) With no load, the output voltage is 6.83V. (3) A ±1V change in the supply voltage causes a ±38.5mV change in the output voltage. (4) Connecting a 1mA load decreases the output voltage by 20mV, giving a load regulation of -20mV/mA.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 2

    192 Chapter 4 Diodes

    Example 4.7

    The 6.8-V zener diode in the circuit of Fig. 4.19(a) is specified to have VZ = 6.8 V at IZ = 5 mA,
    rz = 20 Ω, and IZK = 0.2 mA. The supply voltage V + is nominally 10 V but can vary by ±1 V.

    1 V)

    IZ
     IL

    VO

    (a) (b)

    Figure 4.19 (a) Circuit for Example 4.7. (b) The circuit with the zener diode replaced with its equivalent circuit
    model.

    (a) Find VO with no load and with V + at its nominal value.


    +
    (b) Find the change in VO resulting from the ±1-V change in V +. Note that ( ΔV O ⁄ Δ V ) , usually
    expressed in mV/V, is known as line regulation.
    (c) Find the change in VO resulting from connecting a load resistance RL that draws a current IL =
    1 mA, and hence find the load regulation ( ΔV O ⁄ ΔI L ) in mV/mA.
    (d) Find the change in VO when RL = 2 kΩ.
    (e) Find the value of VO when RL = 0.5 kΩ.
    (f) What is the minimum value of RL for which the diode still operates in the breakdown region?

    Solution
    First we must determine the value of the parameter VZ 0 of the zener diode model. Substituting VZ =
    6.8 V, IZ = 5 mA, and rz = 20 Ω in Eq. (4.20) yields V Z0 = 6.7 V. Figure 4.19(b) shows the circuit
    with the zener diode replaced with its model.
    (a) With no load connected, the current through the zener is given by
    +
    V – V Z0
    I Z = I = -------------------
    -
    R + rz
    10 – 6.7
    = ------------------------ = 6.35 mA
    0.5 + 0.02
    Thus,
    V O = V Z0 + I Z r z
    = 6.7 + 6.35 × 0.02 = 6.83 V
    4.4 Operation in the Reverse Breakdown Region—Zener Diodes 193

    (b) For a ±1-V change in V +, the change in output voltage can be found from
    + rz
    ΔV O = ΔV -------------
    -
    R + rz
    20
    = ± 1 × --------------------- = ± 38.5 mV
    500 + 20
    Thus,
    Line regulation = 38.5 mV/V
    (c) When a load resistance RL that draws a load current IL = 1 mA is connected, the zener current
    will decrease by 1 mA. The corresponding change in zener voltage can be found from

    ΔV O = r z ΔI Z
    = 20 × – 1 = – 20 mV

    Thus the load regulation is


    ΔV
    Load regulation ≡ ----------O = – 20 mV/mA
    ΔI L

    (d) When a load resistance of 2 kΩ is connected, the load current will be approximately
    6.8 V/2 kΩ = 3.4 mA. Thus the change in zener current will be ΔIZ = −3.4 mA, and the correspond-
    ing change in zener voltage (output voltage) will thus be
    ΔV O = r z ΔI Z
    = 20 × – 3.4 = – 68 mV
    This calculation, however, is approximate, because it neglects the change in the current I. A more
    accurate estimate of ΔVO can be obtained by analyzing the circuit in Fig. 4.19(b). The result of such
    an analysis is ΔVO = −70 mV.
    (e) An RL of 0.5 kΩ would draw a load current of 6.8 ⁄ 0.5 = 13.6 mA. This is not possible, because
    the current I supplied through R is only 6.4 mA (for V + = 10 V). Therefore, the zener must be cut off.
    If this is indeed the case, then VO is determined by the voltage divider formed by RL and R (Fig. 4.19a),
    + RL
    V O = V ---------------
    -
    R + RL
    0.5
    = 10 --------------------- = 5 V
    0.5 + 0.5
    Since this voltage is lower than the breakdown voltage of the zener, the diode is indeed no longer
    operating in the breakdown region.
    (f ) For the zener to be at the edge of the breakdown region, IZ = IZK = 0.2 mA and VZ  VZK  6.7 V.
    At this point the lowest (worst-case) current supplied through R is ( 9 – 6.7 ) ⁄ 0.5 = 4.6 mA, and thus
    the load current is 4.6 − 0.2 = 4.4 mA. The corresponding value of RL is
    6.7
    R L = -------  1.5 kΩ
    4.4

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