Front & Rear Suspension: GI MA
Front & Rear Suspension: GI MA
Front & Rear Suspension: GI MA
SECTION SU EM
LC
EC
FE
CONTENTS CL
SC
EL
IDX
FRONT SUSPENSION
Precautions
Precautions
PRECAUTIONS NASU0001
I When installing rubber parts, final tightening must be car-
ried out under unladen condition* with tires on ground.
*Fuel, radiator coolant and engine oil full. Spare tire, jack,
hand tools and mats in designated positions.
I Use flare nut wrench when removing and installing brake
tubes.
I After installing removed suspension parts, check wheel
alignment and adjust if necessary.
SBR686C
I Always torque brake lines when installing.
Preparation
SPECIAL SERVICE TOOLS NASU0002
The actual shapes of Kent-Moore tools may differ from those of special service tools illustrated here.
Tool number
(Kent-Moore No.) Description
Tool name
NT694
NT360
NT717
SU-2
FRONT SUSPENSION
Noise, Vibration and Harshness (NVH) Troubleshooting
Refer to TIRES
in this chart.
in this chart.
in this chart.
SU-12, 22
SU-4, 18
SU-9, 20
SU-9, 20
SU-7
SU-7
PD-4
PD-4
BR-6
AX-3
AX-3
ST-6
LC
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
Reference page
FE
Improper installation, looseness
Deformation or damage
Suspension looseness
PROPELLER SHAFT
Incorrect air pressure
damage or deflection
DIFFERENTIAL
MT
ROAD WHEEL
DRIVE SHAFT
SUSPENSION
Non-uniformity
Spring fatigue
Out-of-round
STEERING
Imbalance
BRAKES
AT
TIRES
AXLE
Noise × × × × × × × × × × × × × × TF
Shake × × × × × × × × × × × ×
PD
SUSPENSION
Vibration × × × × × × × × × ×
Shimmy × × × × × × × × × ×
Judder × × × × × × × ×
AX
Poor quality
ride or han- × × × × × × × × × ×
dling
Noise × × × × × × × × × × × × × × ×
BR
Shake × × × × × × × × × × × × × ×
Symptom
Vibration × × × × × × ×
ST
TIRES
Shimmy × × × × × × × × × × × × ×
Judder × × × × × × × × × × × × RS
Poor quality
ride or han- × × × × × × × × × ×
dling BT
Noise × × × × × × × × × × × ×
× × × × × × × × × × × HA
ROAD WHEEL
Shake
Shimmy, Jud-
× × × × × × × × ×
der SC
Poor quality
ride or han- × × × × × × ×
dling EL
×: Applicable
IDX
SU-3
FRONT SUSPENSION
Components
Components NASU0004
2WD NASU0004S01
SFA743B
SU-4
FRONT SUSPENSION
Components (Cont’d)
4WD NASU0004S02
GI
MA
EM
LC
EC
FE
CL
MT
AT
TF
PD
AX
BR
ST
RS
SFA744B
SC
EL
IDX
SU-5
FRONT SUSPENSION
On-vehicle Service
On-vehicle Service
FRONT SUSPENSION PARTS NASU0005
Check front axle and front suspension parts for excessive play,
cracks, wear and other damage.
1. Shake each front wheel to check for excessive play.
2. Retighten all axle and suspensions nuts and bolts to the speci-
fied torque.
Tightening torque:
Refer to “Components”, SU-9.
SMA525A
3. Check strut (shock absorber) for oil leakage and other dam-
age.
4. Check suspension ball joint for grease leakage and ball joint
dust cover for cracks and other damage.
If ball joint dust cover is cracked or damaged, replace ball joint
assembly.
5. Check suspension ball joint end play.
a. Jack up front of vehicle and set the stands.
b. Clamp dial indicator onto transverse link and place indicator tip
on lower edge of brake caliper.
SFA392B c. Make sure front wheels are straight and brake pedal is
depressed.
SFA745B
SU-6
FRONT SUSPENSION
On-vehicle Service (Cont’d)
FRONT WHEEL ALIGNMENT NASU0006 GI
Before checking front wheel alignment, be sure to make a prelimi-
nary inspection (Unladen*).
*: Fuel, radiator coolant and engine oil full. Spare tire, jack, hand MA
tools and mats in designated positions.
EM
LC
SFA975B
Preliminary Inspection EC
NASU0006S01
1. Check tires for wear and improper inflation.
2. Check wheels for deformation, cracks and other damage. FE
If deformed, remove wheel and check wheel runout.
NOTE:
Measure both the inner and outer sides for the radial runout and CL
lateral runout, and confirm the figures are within the standards.
Wheel runout (Dial indicator value):
Refer to SDS. MT
3. Check front wheel bearings for looseness.
4. Check front suspension for looseness. AT
5. Check steering linkage for looseness.
6. Check that front shock absorbers work properly.
7. Check vehicle posture (Unladen). TF
PD
AX
HA
SC
EL
IDX
SU-7
FRONT SUSPENSION
On-vehicle Service (Cont’d)
Toe-in NASU0006S03
Measure toe-in using the following procedure.
WARNING:
I Always perform the following procedure on a flat surface.
I Make sure that no person is in front of the vehicle before
pushing it.
1. Bounce front of vehicle up and down to stabilize the posture.
2. Push the vehicle straight ahead about 5 m (16 ft).
3. Put a mark on base line of the tread (rear side) of both tires at
the same height of hub center. This mark is a measuring point.
SFA614B
4. Measure distance “A” (rear side).
5. Push the vehicle slowly ahead to rotate the wheels 180
degrees (1/2 turn).
If the wheels have rotated more than 180 degrees (1/2 turn), try
the above procedure again from the beginning. Never push
vehicle backward.
6. Measure distance “B” (front side).
Total toe-in:
Refer to SDS, SU-14.
SFA234AC
SFA749B
SFA486A
EM
LC
EC
FE
CL
MT
AT
TF
PD
AX
BR
ST
RS
BT
SFA763BA
IDX
SU-9
FRONT SUSPENSION
Coil Spring and Strut Assembly (Cont’d)
4WD NASU0007S02
SFA764BA
SU-10
FRONT SUSPENSION
Coil Spring and Strut Assembly (Cont’d)
REMOVAL NASU0008 GI
1. Remove stabilizer connecting rod.
2. Remove strut assembly fixing bolts and nuts (to hood-ledge).
Do not remove piston rod lock nut on vehicle.
MA
EM
LC
SFA956A
DISASSEMBLY EC
NASU0009
1. Set strut assembly on vise, then loosen piston rod lock nut.
WARNING: FE
Do not remove piston rod lock nut at this time.
2. Compress spring with tool so that the strut mounting insulator
can be turned by hand. CL
WARNING:
Make sure that the pawls of the two spring compressors are
firmly hooked on the spring. The spring compressors must be MT
tightened alternately so as not to tilt the spring.
SSU002
AT
3. Remove piston rod lock nut.
TF
PD
AX
SSU003
INSPECTION NASU0010
Strut Assembly NASU0010S01 BR
I Check for smooth operation through a full stroke, both com-
pression and extension.
I Check for oil leakage on welded and gland packing portion. ST
I Check piston rod for cracks, deformation and other damage.
I Replace if necessary.
RS
Strut Mounting Insulator and Rubber Parts NASU0010S02
I Check cemented rubber-to-metal portion for separation and
cracks. Check rubber parts for deterioration. BT
I Replace if necessary.
Strut Mounting Bearing NASU0010S03
HA
I Check thrust bearing parts for abnormal noise and excessive
rattle in axial direction.
I Replace if necessary.
SC
Coil Spring
I
NASU0010S04
Check for cracks, deformation and other damage. Replace if EL
necessary.
IDX
SU-11
FRONT SUSPENSION
Coil Spring and Strut Assembly (Cont’d)
ASSEMBLY NASU0011
I When installing coil spring on strut, it must be positioned as
shown in the figure at left.
SFA725B
I Install upper spring seat with its cutout facing the inner side of
vehicle.
SFA664AA
Stabilizer Bar
REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION NASU0012
I Remove stabilizer bar and connecting rod.
SFA767B
SFA768B
SFA769B
SU-12
FRONT SUSPENSION
Stabilizer Bar (Cont’d)
I Install stabilizer bar with ball joint socket properly placed. GI
MA
EM
LC
SFA449BA
INSPECTION EC
NASU0013
I Check stabilizer for deformation and cracks. Replace if neces-
sary.
FE
I Check rubber bushings for deterioration and cracks. Replace
if necessary.
I Check ball joint can rotate in all directions. If movement is not CL
smooth and free, replace stabilizer bar connecting rod.
MT
ARA027
AT
Transverse Link and Lower Ball Joint
REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION
1. Separate drive shaft from knuckle. — 4WD —
NASU0014
TF
Refer to AX-12, “Drive Shaft”.
2. Separate lower ball joint stud from knuckle. PD
3. Remove lower ball joint assembly from transverse link.
4. Remove transverse link.
5. During installation, final tightening must be carried out at curb AX
weight with tires on ground.
SFA757B 6. After installation, check wheel alignment.
Refer to “FRONT WHEEL ALIGNMENT”, “On-vehicle Service”,
SU-7.
BR
ST
RS
BT
HA
SC
EL
IDX
SU-13
FRONT SUSPENSION
Transverse Link and Lower Ball Joint (Cont’d)
INSPECTION =NASU0015
Transverse Link NASU0015S01
I Check transverse link for damage, cracks and deformation.
Replace it if necessary.
I Check rubber bushing for damage, cracks and deformation.
Replace transverse link if necessary.
SU-14
FRONT SUSPENSION
Service Data and Specifications (SDS) (Cont’d)
*1: Fuel, radiator coolant and engine oil full. Spare tire, jack, hand tools and mats in designated positions. PD
*2: On power steering models, wheel turning force (at circumference of steering wheel) of 98 to 147 N (10 to 15 kg, 22 to 33 lb) with
engine idle.
Turning torque “B” 0.5 - 4.9 N·m (5 - 50 kg-cm, 4.3 - 43.4 in-lb)
ST
RS
BT
HA
SC
EL
IDX
SU-15
FRONT SUSPENSION
Service Data and Specifications (SDS) (Cont’d)
WHEELARCH HEIGHT (UNLADEN*) =NASU0019
Unit: mm (in)
SFA746B
2WD 4WD
Applied model 255/65 R16 tire 255/65 R16 tire
245/70 R16 tire 245/70 R16 tire
(With over fender) (With over fender)
Front (Hf) 840 (33.07) 840 (33.07) 837 (32.95) 824 (32.44)
Rear (Hr) 867 (34.13) 817 (32.17) 867 (34.13) 817 (32.17)
*: Fuel, radiator coolant and engine oil full. Spare tire, jack, hand tools and mats in designated positions.
*: Wheel runout average = (Outside runout value + Inside runout value) x 0.5
SU-16
REAR SUSPENSION
Precautions
Precautions GI
PRECAUTIONS NASU0021
I When installing rubber parts, final tightening must be car-
ried out under unladen condition* with tires on ground.
MA
*Fuel, radiator coolant and engine oil full. Spare tire, jack,
hand tools and mats in designated positions.
EM
I Use flare nut wrench when removing and installing brake
tubes.
I After installing removed suspension parts, check wheel LC
alignment and adjust if necessary.
SBR686C
I Always torque brake lines when installing.
Preparation EC
COMMERCIAL SERVICE TOOLS NASU0023
FE
Tool name Description
MT
NT360
AT
Noise, Vibration and Harshness (NVH)
Troubleshooting
Refer to “Noise, Vibration and Harshness (NVH) Troubleshooting”,
NASU0036
TF
“FRONT SUSPENSION”, SU-3.
PD
AX
BR
ST
RS
BT
HA
SC
EL
IDX
SU-17
REAR SUSPENSION
Components
Components NASU0024
SRA880A
On-vehicle Service
REAR SUSPENSION PARTS NASU0025
Check rear axle and rear suspension parts for excessive play, wear
and damage.
1. Shake each rear wheel to check for excessive play.
2. Retighten all nuts and bolts to the specified torque.
Tightening torque: Refer to “Coil Spring and Shock
Absorber”, SU-20.
SMA525A
SRA754A
SU-18
REAR SUSPENSION
Removal and Installation
AT
Final tightening for rubber parts requires to be carried out
under unladen condition with tires on ground.
TF
PD
AX
SRA935
BR
ST
RS
BT
HA
SC
EL
IDX
SU-19
REAR SUSPENSION
Coil Spring and Shock Absorber
SSU041
SU-20
REAR SUSPENSION
Coil Spring and Shock Absorber (Cont’d)
REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION NASU0028 GI
Refer to “Removal and Installation”, “REAR SUSPENSION”,
SU-19.
When installing coil spring, pay attention to its direction. MA
Be sure spring rubber seat is not twisted and has not slipped
off when installing coil spring.
EM
LC
SRA645A
INSPECTION EC
NASU0029
I Check coil spring for yield, deformation and cracks.
I Check shock absorber for oil leakage, cracks and deformation. FE
I Check all rubber parts for wear, cracks and deformation.
Replace if necessary.
CL
MT
AT
Upper Link, Lower Link and Panhard Rod
INSPECTION
Check for cracks, distortion and other damage. Replace if
NASU0030
TF
necessary.
PD
AX
RS
SRA898 BT
When installing bushing, apply a coat of 1% soapy water to
outer wall of bushing. HA
Always install new bushing.
Do not tap end face of bushing directly with a hammer.
SC
EL
IDX
SRA900
SU-21
REAR SUSPENSION
Upper Link, Lower Link and Panhard Rod (Cont’d)
INSTALLATION NASU0032
When installing each link, pay attention to direction of nuts
and bolts.
When installing each rubber part, final tightening must be car-
ried out under unladen condition with tires on ground.
Stabilizer Bar
REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION NASU0033
I When removing and installing stabilizer bar, fix portion A.
SRA766A
SFA449BA
SU-22