eujfg a'4sf] @%^@ cf}+ hGdhoGtLsf] kfjg cj;/df

n'lDagL, g]kfndf lznfGof; x'g uO/x]sf]

b dxfl;4 :of+r'/L km/ o'lge;{n kL; s]Gb|sf]
ejg lznfGof;sf] ljz]if ;df/f]xdf lbOPsf]
k|]; lj1lKt
 k/dk"Ho ZofNkf t]lGhg l/Gkf]r]sf] Pp6f ;'Gb/ kl/sNkgf
dxfl;4 :ofFSr'/L km/ o'lge;{n kL;sf] lgdf{0f

o; kl/sNkgfsf] hGd
laåfg, af}4 wd{sf 1ftf, Wofg u'? / n]vs k/dk"Ho >L ZofNkf t]lGhg l/Gkf]r] eujfg a'4sf]
kljq lty{Zyn glhs} Pp6f laxf/ agfpg] cj;/sf] vf]lhdf tlNng x'g'x'GYof] . ;g\ @)!# df
laleGg dfFulns ;+of]ux?n] ubf{ l/Gkf]r]sf] clenfiffn] d't{ ?k lng yfNof] .

@%)) aif{ cufl8 b]lvg} n'lDagL Pp6f dxTjk'0f{ lty{:ynsf] ?kdf /xFb} cfPsf] 5 . tyflk ;of}
aif{b]lv o; :ynsf] Aofks ?kdf a]jf:yf x'Fb} cfPsf] klg plQs} lttf] oyfy{ 5 . ;g\ !(^& df
;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3sf dxf;lrj dxfdlxd p yfG6n] n'lDagLsf] e|d0f ug'{ eof] / oxfFsf] cyfx
dxTjb]lv cToGt k|efljt x'g' eof]] . n'lDagLnfO{ d'Vo lty{:ynsf] agfpgsfnflu jxfFn]g} k|:tfj
/fVg' eof] . ;+o'Qm /fi6«;+3n] k|l;4 hfkflgh cfls{6]S6 s]Ghf] 6fFu]nfO{ n'lDagLsf] lasf;sf]
u'? of]hgf tof/ kfg{ lgo'Qm uof]{ / To;nfO{ ;g\ !(&* df cg'df]bg ul/ clGtd ?k lbof] .
;g\ !(*% df pQm u'? of]hgf sfof{Gjog ug{ n'lDagL lasf; sf]ifsf] :yfkgf eof] . o; of]hgf
cGtu{t laxf/sf lgldQ b'O{ leGg :yfgx? cf/lIft klg ul/P . klxnf] laxf/ ;g\ !((@df :yfkgf
ul/of] . To;kl5 cGo w]/} laxf/x?klg ag] . ;g\ @)!@ df n'lDagL lasf; sf]ifsf] Onfsf la:tf/
ug{ / eujfg a'4sf] hGd ePsf] :yn kljq au}+rf;Fu} hf]8]/ laxf/x? agfpg cg'dlt lbg] sfo{qmd
z'? eof] .

olx ;dodf k/dk"Ho l/Gkf]r]n] cfkm\gf] klxnf] k':ts k|To]s Zjf;df cfgGb M k"0f{tfsf] hLjg -lnleu+
km'NnLM kmfO{lG8u hf]]o O{g Ple| a|]y_ sf] g]kfnL cg'afb sf7df08f} g]kfndf nf]sfk{0f ug'{ eof]] . o;
k':tsfn] g]kfndf u'? l/Gkf]r]sf] lzIff / utLlalwaf/] clwstd hfgsf/L u/fpg d2t uof]{ . k|ltli7t
Aoa;foL / ;fdflhs cu'jfx?n] u'? l/Gkf]r]sf] u}/ gfkmf d'ns ;+:yf, Xo|flu|+ o];] ;+:yf rnfpgsf]
nflu rflxg hldgsf] k|aGwg ul/lbg' x'g ;/sf/nfO{ ;'emfj lbPsf] lyof] . jxfFx?n] u'? l/Gkf]r]
nfO{ @! cf} ztflAbn] rfx]sf] af}4wd{sf] pTs[i6 k|ltlglwsf] ?kdf lng yfNg' eof] . l/Gkf]r]n] klg
cfkm\gf lxt}ifL ldqx?sf] cg'/f]w cl:jsf/ ug{ ;Sg' ePg . Xo|flu|+ o];] ;+:yfnfO{ cfkm\gf] ultjLlw
;Frfng ug{sf]nflu (( aif{ ;Ddsf lgldQ hldg ef8df k|bfg ul/of], Tof] klg n'lDagLdf . eujfg
a'4n] b]vfpg' ePsf] s?0ffsf] dfu{, zlxi0f'tf, / zflGt ;DaGwL lzIff k|jfx ug{ algg nfu]sf] o;
eAo :ofFSr'/L lgdf{0f sfo{sf] lhDdf k/dk"Ho l/Gkf]rnfO{ ;'lDkO{of] .

>[Fvnfa4 ?kdf cl3 a9]sf 346gfx?n] l/Gkf]r]nfO{ k|Voft hd{g cfls{6]S6 k|fWofks :6]km]g
a|fpgkm]N;;Fu glhSofof] . jxfFx?sf] klxnf] e]6dfg} k|fWofksn] pbf/tfsf;fy l/Gkf]r];Fu laxf/
lgdf{0f kl/of]hgfsf] vfFsf tof/ kfg]{ / ;xsfo{ ug]{ k|:tfj ug'{eof] . ha l/Gkf]r] hldg ef8fsf
lgldQ b/vf:t lbb}x'g'x'GYof], Tolxa]nf jxfFn] k|Wofks a|fpgkm]N;n] laxf/ lgdf{0f kl/of]hgf ;DalGw
klxn] ul/Psf] 5nkmndf k'g rf;f] /fv]sf] ;Gb]z k|fKt ug'eof] . l/Gkf]r]n] n'lDagLdf 7'n} kl/of]hgf
cfO{/x]sf] hfgsf/L u/fpg' eof] . ha hldg ef8fsf] s'/f lgisif{ glhs k'Uof] k/dk"Ho ZofNkf
l/Gkf]r] / k|fWofks b'a}hgf :yn ;j]{If0fsf lgldQ n'lDalgsf] e|d0fdf hfg' eof]] . jxfFx? b'a} hgf
o; kl/of]hgfn] la:tf/} d't{ ?kd lng nfus]sf] yfxf kfpFbf pT;flxt x'g'eof] . laZj zflGtsf nflu
dxfl;4 :ofFSr'/Lsf] ?k/]vf tof/ kfg{sf lgldQ ;xsfo{sf] yfnlg klg eof] .

k/dk"Hon] laZj zflGtsf nflu dxfl;4 :ofFSr'/L o; ;F;f/df laBdfg laleGg hflt, /Fu / wd{sf
AolQmx?sfnflu cfWoflTds uGtAo / lty{:ynsf] ?kdf lasf; x'g] sNkgf ug'{ ePsf] 5 . o;
:ofFSr'/Lsf] cb\e't /fd|f] cfw'lgs af:t'snfn] af}4 wd{ / bz{gsf] k/Dk/fut k|ltsnfO{ ;d]t
;dli6ut ub{5 . oxfF k|of]u x'g] k|ltsx? dWo] sdnsf] km"nn] lgd{ntf, lgbf]{iftf ;+s]t ub{5 .
lbof]n] kfFrj6f a'l4dtf nlIft ub{5 . d08nfn] of]Uotfsf] ;+ronfO{ ;+s]t ub{5 . / :t'kfn] k|a'4
dl:tis nlIft ub{5 .

k/dk"Ho ZofNkf t]lGhg l/Gkf]r]sf] a'4sf]] hGde'ldsf] dxTjsf af/]df cfkm\gf] wf/0ff 5 . jxfF eGg'x'G5,
zfSod'lg a'4sf] rdTsfl/s hGdsf sf/0f n'lDagL lazfn zlQm / cg'u|lxt Pp6f kljq :yfgsf]
?kdf ;bf ;a{bf /lx/xg] 5 . o; wtL{df of] afx]s cGo s'g} :yfg 5}g h'g dfgj ;]jf / laZj
zflGtsfnfuL ;+;f/sf] Pp6f s]Gb| aGg PSbd} cg's'n ePsf] .

kl/sNkgfsf] sfo{Gjog
;g\ @)!# b]lv k/dk"Ho cfkm\gf] lg:jfy{ kl/sNkgf laZjdf zflGtsfnflu dxfl;4 :ofFSr'/Lsf]
lgdf{0fsf] cfjZostf af/] a'emfpg laZjsf laleGg e'efusf] ofqf ul//xg' ePsf] 5 . ofqfsf] qmddf
jxfFn] yfO{Nof08, xFusFu, dn]lzof, rfO{gf, tfO{jfg, leotgffd, O{UNofG8, / ;Fo'Qm /fHo cd]/Lsf
;Dd k'of{Psf] 5 . l/Gkf]r]n] o; e|d0fnfO{ eujfg a'4n] lbg' ePsf] zflGtsf] ;Gb]z km}nfpg] cj;/
sf] ?kdf k|of]u ug'{ eof] .

;g\ @)!# gf]e]Da/df n'lDagLsf] kljq au}rfdf em08} @%)) eQmx? e]nf eP/ laZj zflGtsf nflu
dxfl;4 :ofFSr'/Ldf :t'tL kf7ug{ / P]tLxfl;s ce'tk'j{ cj;/sf] cjnf]sg ug{ ;fd]n ePsf
lyP . ;g\ @)!$ h'g !# df o; :ofFSr'/Lsf] af:t'snf / l8hfO{gsf] cf}krfl/s cgfj/0f xFusFudf
ul/of] . ;fj{hlgs ?kdf ul/of] of] sfo{qmdn] ;a}sf] Wofg tfGof] . ZofNkf t]lGhg l/Gkf]r]n] o;
:ofFSr'/Lsf] af/]df af]Nb} ;a} eQmx?nfO{ o; kljq sfo{df ;fd]n x'g cfu|x ug' eof] .

;g\ @)!^, d] @! ut] o; :ofFSr'/L lgdf{0f x'g] :yndf ;'j0f{ snzsf] :yfkgf ul/of] . k[YjLsf]
;Daw{g tyf jftfj/0f :jR5tfsf] sfdgf ub}{ Pp6f cg'i7fg klg ;DkGg ul/of] .

d] !), @)!& df xhf/f} eQmx? / ldqx?sfdfem k/dk"Ho ZofNkf t]lGhg l/Gkf]r]n] cfwf/ lznfsf]
cgfj/0f ug'{ eof] .

@( Plk|n @)!* df g]kfnsf ;Ddfglgo k|wfgdlGq, dxfdlxd SofUaf]g h]8\?u+kf tyf k/dk"Ho ZofNkf
t]lGhg l/Gkf]r]n] laZj zflGtsf nflu dxfl;4 :ofFSr'/L lgdf{0f k|s[ofsf] yfngLsf] ;+o'Qm cjnf]sg
ug{' eof] .

;g\ @)!# b]lvg} l/Gkf]r]n] :yfkgf ug'{ ePsf] u}x| gfkmfd'ns ;+:yf j]Gr]u+ uf]GUem'n] Pl;of / o'/f]k
el/ Rofl/6L ufnf l8g;{x?sf] cfof]hgf ub}{ cfO{/x]sf] 5 . k/dk"Hosf] cWoIftfdf o; kl/of]hgfsf]
ultlawLsf] lg/LIf0f ug{ Pp6f lgb]{zs d08nsf] ;efsf] u7g klg ul/Psf] lyof] . xFusFusf] 8f]n]6L
;+:yfn] o; kl/of]hgfsf] n]vf kl/If0fsf] sfd ul//x]sf] 5 .

o; dxfl;4 :ofFSr'/Lsf] jf:t'snf / l8hfO{gsf] lhDdf jfO{l6P; cfls{6]Sr/ P;l8Pg laPrl8

SjfnfnDk'/ dn];Lofn] hLDdf lNfPsf] 5 ->L ofk l6s l;u+ / cfls{6]S6 n'O{; jf]u+ o; sfo{df
;FnUg x'g'x'G5_ .

l; P08 P; O{lGhlhol/Fu+sf] k/fdz{bftfdf d]Ogxf8{6 P;l8Pg laPrl8 -dn]l;of_ /xg' ePsf] 5 .

kl/of]gf ;j]{If0fstf{ cfls{; Pd P;l8Pg laPrl8 ;fy} Pd P08 O{ h]= /f]u/ k|]:6f]g Pd P;l8Pg
laPrl8 /xg' ePsf] 5 .

s;/L ;xeflutf hgfpg] <

k/dk"Hon] o; dxfl;4 :ofFSr'/Lsf] kl/sNkgfsf] af/]df laZjel/g} hfgsf/L lbg ofqf ug'{ ePsf]
5 . o;qmddf k|efljt eP/ w]/} hgf AolQmx?n] cfkm}Fn] cfP/ s:tf] ;xof]u ug{ ;lsG5 elg
lh1f;f /fv]sf lyP . l/Gkf]r]n] jxfFx?nfO{ eGg' ePsf] 5M d tkfO{x?nfO{ of] l/Gkf]rsf] xf]O{g a?
tkfO{x?sf] cfkm\g} kl/of]hgf xf] eGg] ;f]Rg'xf];\ eGg] rfxG5' . of] xfdL ;a}sf] kl/of]hgf xf] . oxfF
tkfO{nfO{ 5 of] kl/of]hgf /fd|f] nfU5 eg], o; kl/of]hgfaf6 pTk|]l/t ePsf] dxz'; ug{' eof] eg]
/ o; laZjnfO{ zflGtdo afgfpg rfxg' x'G5 clg o;sf] lgDtL bfg ug{ rfxfgf 5 eg] cfkm\gf]
O{R5fsf] ;b'kof]u ug]{ of] /fd|f] cj;/ xf] .’

l/FGkf]r]n] o:t} k|lts[of lbFb} cfkm\gf] ofqf sfod /fVg' eof] .

o; :ofFSr'/L lgdf{0f ug{ rflxg] ;xof]u h'6fpg / o;sf] o;sf] cfWoflTds Pj+ P]ltxfl;s ;Gb]z
;G;f/ el/ k}mnfpg' lgs} cfjZos eP/ cfof]] . Aofkf/, dgf]/~hg, ;/sf/ / snf If]qsf
AolQmx?nfO{ o; cfof]hgfdf ;FnUg u/fpg ;Sbf o; kl/of]hgfn] cu|ult lng ;Sg] oyfy{nfO{
dWo gh/ ub} l/Gkf]r]n] To:tf AolQmx?nfO{ e]6\g' eof] / o; kl/of]hgdf ;xeflu x'g' eg]sf] c;n
sd{ / >]i7tf afF8\g] dxTjk'0f{ cj;/ xf] elg ;a}nfO{ ;Demfpg' eof] .

n'lDagLdf lgdf{0f x'g nfu]sf] o; dxfl;4 :ofFSr'/L ;DkGg ug{ w]/} /sdsf] cfj:ostf 5 . tyflk
l/Gkf]r]n] s]lx lglZrt wgf8\o cf>obftfx?lardfq o; kl/of]hgfnfO{ l;ldt u/fpg] rfxfgf /fVg'
ePg . a'4 cfkm\gf] pkb]zdf eGg'x'G5, bfgsf] /flz dxTjk'0f{ x'Fb}g a? ;kmf / z'4 dgn] s] lbPsf]
xf] Tof] dxTjk'0f{ x'G5 . s;}n] ;b\efj /fv]/ lg:sfd bfg ub{5 / abnfdf s'g} cfzf /fVb}g eg]
Tof] g} ;Rrf pbf/tf xf] . l/Gkf]r] klg olx cjwf/0fdf laZjf; ug'{ x'G5 . dxfl;4 :ofFSr'l/ lgdf{0f
kl/of]hgf ;a} pbf/ x[bo ePsfx?sf lgldQ ;xeflu x'g] Pp6f cj;/ xf] .

eujfg a'4n] xfldnfO{ s?0ff, / ;defjsf] laifodf lzIff lbg' ePsf] 5 . l/Gkf]r] o; :ofFSr'/LnfO{
;a}sf wd{, ;F:s[tL, hft, / /fli6«otf ePsf dflg;x?nfO{ ;dflxt x'g ;Sg] Pp6f cfWoflTds
cf>o:ynsf] ?kdf lasf; ug]{ rfxgf /fVg'x'G5 . :jefa}n] ;Dk'0f{ hLj b'vaf6 v';L / d'lQm vf]
lh/x]sf] x'G5, xfdL To; cy{df xfd|f] lr/:yfO{ zflGtsf]] / kl/k'0f{tfsf] vf]hsf b/b/ ;fem]bf/ xf} .
k/dk"Ho eGg'x'G5 . ‘xfdL n'lDagLdf ef}lts dlGb/ agfpg eGbf klg cGo w]/} sfo{ ul//x]sf 5f} .
o; :ofFSr'/LnfO{ l/Gkf]r]nfO{ a'4n] lbg' ePsf] d'lQm ;DalGw ;Gb]z cfd dflg;x?lar ;G;f/e/L
km}nfpg] cj;/sf] ?kdf lng rfxg'x'G5’ . jxfF yk eGg'x'G5M ‘dlGb/x? agfpg' /fd|f] sfo{ xf] emg
n'lDagL h:tf] lty{:yndf t o:tf dlGbx?sf] al9 g} dxTj 5 . tyflk ;Dk'0f{ AolQmx?n] ;lxi0f'tfsf]
/ zflGtsf] dlGb/x? cfcfkmgf] x[bodf agfpg cfjZos 5 . clg olgx? hxfF;'s} uPklg cfkm'nfO{
jf:tljs k'0o:ynleq cf>o kfPsf] dx;'; ug{ ;s'g .”

bfg ug]{ s[ofsnfkdf ;xeflu x'g eg]sf] c;n sd{sf] pkh xf] . l/Gkf]r]n] ;a} dxfg'efjnfO{ o;
kljq kl/of]hgfdf ;sf/fTds ;f]r /fv]/, zflGsfnflu :t'lt ub}{, Ps 8n/, ofg, o'/f] ck{0f u/L
;dy{g ug{ cfXjfg ug{'x'G5 . k/dk"Ho o; :ofFSr'/L lgdf{0f ug'{ kg]{ cfjZostfsf] laifodf eGg'x'G5M
dxfl;4 :ofFSr'l/sf] lgdf{0f eg]sf] laZj zflGt / k/:k/ /xg' kg]{ ;dw'/ ;DaGwsf] lahnfO{ kf]if0f
ug{sfnflu xf] . hf] ;'s}klg ;Rrf / pbf/ x[bosf;fy lagf s'g} bf]>f] pb]Zosf ;fy o; kl/of]
hgfdf efulng ;Sg] 5 . a'4sf] pkb]z cg';f/ of] g} zflGt, ;dfgtf, zxglzntf / ;dembf/L
pTkGg u/fpg] ;lx pkfx xf]] .

o'lge;{n kL; :ofFSr'/L jf laZj zflGt k'0o:ynsf] kl/sNkgf

k/dk"Ho ZofNkf t]lGhg l/Gkf]r]n] kl/sNkgf ug'{ ePsf] of] o'lge;{n kL; :ofFSr'/Lsf] cjwf/0ff ;a}
yl/sf dflg;x?sf]nflu k|]/0ff lbg] vfnsf] 5 . ;aeGbf klxnf t of] ;a} vfn] ltyf{n'x?sf] nflu
Wofg s]Gb| x'g]5 . laleGg hft, ;d'bfo, a0f{ / cf:yf af]s]sf eQmhgx? e]nf x'g] s]Gb| x'g]5, of]
:ofFSr'/L . bf]>f] s'/f, kmqmFb} u/]sf] sdnsf] km'nsf cfsf/df algg] of] x]b}{ ;a}sf] dg lhTg ;Sg]
ef}lts ;F/rgfn] eujfg a'4sf] hGd:yn n'lDagLsf] P]ltxfl;s / ;fF:s[lts dxTj emg} Aofks kfg{
;Sg] 5 .

csf]{ s'/f of] dxfl;4 :ofFSr'/L km/ o'lge;{n kL; s]Gb|n] cfd g/gf/Lsf] d'lQmsf]nflu ;fwgf/t ub{{
u/]sf clg dfgj wd{ / 1fgsf] Hof]lt km}nfpg tlNng laZjsf laleGg s'gfx?df cEof;/t
tk:jLx?sf] ;Ddfg klg ug]{ 5 . clg of] s]Gb|nfO{ dfu{ bz{gsf] ?kdf klg lasf; ug{ ;lsG5 .
laleGg AolQmx?, ;d'bfox? / /fHox?nfO{ efOrf/fsf] gLlt canDag ug{ / u/fpg k|]/0ff lbg]
;F:yfsf] ?kdf klg o;sf] lasf; ug{ ;lsg] 5 .

o; :ofFSr'/Lsf] l8hfO{g
o; :ofFSr'/Lsf] aflx/L l8hfO{g jf ;F/rgfn] kmqmFb} u/]sf] sdnsf] km"nnfO{ k|ltgLlwTj ug]{ 5 .
o;n] z'4tfsf] klxrfg jf cy{ lbG5 . o;df /x]sf] l3pmaf6 aln/xg] lbof]n] eujfg a'4n] eGg'
ePsf] kfFrj6f a'l4dtfsf] cy{ lbG5 . To:t}ul/ :t'kf cfsf/sf] ;F/rgfn] 1fgn] ;';lHht larf/
k|ltgLlwTj jf cy{ lbG5 . oxfF b]lvg] dG8nfn] /fd|f] sd{ s;l/ xfl;n ug]{ eGg] cy{ k|bfg
ub{5 . ;aeGbf dflyNnf] efudf b]lvg] :j0f{ /Fusf] r'Rrf] ;F/rgfn] eujfg a'4n] cYof{pg' ePsf] t]
x|j6f e'dLx?sf] jf 1fgsf >[vFnfx?sf] k|ltgLlwTj u5{ .

b :ofFSr'/L ;|fO{g xn
:ofFSr'/L xn jf sIfsf] d'Vo cfsif{0f s]Gb| eg]sf] ;fn a[If d'gL /fgL dfof b]jLsf] sf]vaf6 hGdb}
ug'{ePsf] eujfg a'4sf] Pp6f lazfn / ;'Gb/ ;a}sf] dg 5'g] d'lt{ x'g] 5 . rf/j6f k|j]zJbf/ /x]
sf] o; sIfdf k|j]z ug]{nfO{ o; sIfdf AofKt k|fs[lts k|sfz clg o;df o;df laBdfg
af:t';F/rgf / d'ltsnfn] lbg] cnf}lss kl/j]zn] df]lxt kfg]{ 5 . ;|fO{g xn gfd lbO{Psf] o; sIfn]
eujfg a'4n] k|fKt ug'{ ePsf] 1fgsf] dlxdf phfu/ u5{ . hlt ;do lat] klg eujfg a'4n] lbg'
ePsf] 1fgsf] dxTj plQs} ;'Gb/ / ;To 5 eGg] af]w u/fpF5, o; kl/j]zn] .

o; eAo / dgdf]xs sIfdf /fgL dftf dfof b]jLsf] ;'gf}nf] /Fusf] Pp6f d'lt{ /xg] 5 . o; d'lt{df
/fgLsf] gh/ eVv/} hlGdPsf /fhs'df/ l;4fy{lt/ kmls{Psf] b]Vg ;lsg] 5 . cfdfn] cfkm\gf]
;Gtfgk|lt bzf{pg] lg:jfy{ k|]d efjgfn] a'4 wd{sf] ;f/ AoQm u5{ . cfd dflg; k|lt lg:jfy{ dfof
/ bof x'g' kb{5 eGg] u'x\o pbaf]wg u5{, o; d'lt{n] . eujfg a'4n] klg xfdLnfO{ olx s'/f l;sfpg'
ePsf] lyof] . xfdLn] ;a}nfO{ lg:jfy{ ;]jf ug'{ k5{ . ;a}nfO{ lg:jfy{ bof lbg ;Sg'k5{ eGg] jxfFsf]
;Gb]z /x]sf] s'/f o; d'lt{n] pb\af]wg ug]{ 5 . h;l/ Pp6f cfdfn] cfkm\gf] ;GtfgnfO{ dfof / ;]
jf ul5{g\, 7Ls To;}ul/ cfd dflg;sf] ;]jf ug'{ kb{5 eGg] a'4 wd{sf] ;f/ olx d'lt{df b]Vg ;lsg]
5 .

b; ld6/ prfO{ ePsf] o; sIfsf] aflx/L cfugdf pleP/g} bz{sx? o; sIfsf] leqL efudf
cjl:yt dfof b]jLsf]sf] dlGb/ / Tof] kljq au}Frf hxfF eujfg a'4sf] hGd ePsf] lyof], To;sf]
cjnf]sg ug{ ;Sg] 5g\ .

;'gf}nf] uh'/
;'gf}nf] /Fusf] of] uh'/nfO{ :jod\ dxfl;4 :ofFSr'/Lsf] ;'gsf] tfhsf] ?kdf lng ;lsg] 5 . laz'4
:j0f{ wft'af6 algg] of] uh'/ k/d df]If / r]tgfsf] k|ltgLlwTj ug]{ 5 . o; zFv cfsf/sf] uh'/n]
eujfg a'4n] eGg' ePsf] !# j6f e'dLsf] k|ltgLlwTj u5{ . 1fg clg df]If k|fKt ug{sf]nflu laleGg
!# j6f r/0faf6 hfg' kg]{ u'x\o s'/f pbaf]wg\ u5{, o; :j0f{ uh'/n] . dflyNnf] lzv/sf] efun]
;'o{ / rGb|df, kGr tTj / kGr 1fg k|ltgLlwTj u5{ .

o; :j0f{ uh'/leq laleGg dGqx?, cd'No :qf]qx?, kljq :df/sx?, k|flrg sfnb]lv kljq
dflgPsf ;;gf d'lt{x?nfO{ ;'4 l;Nssf] sk8fdf a]/]/ /flvg] 5 . o; :j0f{ uh'/sf] aflx/L efudf
laZj zflGtsf] ;Gb]z af]s]sf laleGg kljq dGqx? / k|ltsx? s'FlbPsf x'g]5g\ .

b o'lge;{n kL; nfO{a|]//L

b o'lge;{n kL; nfO{a|]//Ldf eujfg a'4n] lbg' ePsf 1fgsf] ;Fsng ul/g] 5 . o:tf 1fgdfly
laZj k|Voft u'?x?n] u/]sf AofVofx? ePsf k':tsx? klg oxfF ;Fsng ul/g] 5 . o:tf k':tsx?
;F;f/sf] h'g ;'s} efiffdf n]lvPsf klg x'g ;S5g\ cyjf cFu|]hLdf cg'jfb ePsf klg x'g
;S5g\ . o;sf] cnjf laZj zflGtsf] cfjZostfdfly n]lvPsf laleGg vfn] k':tsx? klg o;
k':tsfnodf /flvg] 5g\ . laleGg cf:yf / laZjf; af]s]sf u'?x?n] laZj zfGtLdfly /fVg' ePsf
larf/x? ;Fsng ePsf k':tsx? klg oxfF /xg]5g\ . o; :ofFSr'/Lsf] lelq efudf /xg] o;
k':tsfnodf oL ;a} k':tsx? a8f] htg ;fy ;Dkltsf] ?kdf /flvg] 5 .
b kL; Do'lhod jf zfGtL ;Fu|fno
a'l4dtf, bof, dfof / zflGtdfly eujfg a'4n] lbg' ePsf] k|jrg ;d]l6Psf jf ltgdfly ul/Psf
AofVofx?sf] ;Fsng ePsf laleGg k':tsx?sf] ;Fsng ul/g] 5, o; b kL; Do'lhodf . a'4sf]
hLjg ofqf, jxfFn] kf/ ug'{ ePsf 1fgsf >[Fvnf / s;l/ hLjgdf ;lx 9Fusf] ofqf ug{k5{ eGg]
cfzo ePsf jxfFsf k|jrgx? ;d]l6Psf laleGg yfFsf k]lG6Fux? klg oxfF ;Fsng ul/g]5g\ . eujfg
a'4sf cd'No d'lt{x?, kljq af}4 wfld{s u|Gyx? / wfld{s clg ;fF:s[lt b[li6sf]0fn] dxTjk"0f{
dflgPsf a:t'x?sf] ;Fsng klg ul/g]5 .

o; ;Fu|fnosf] nflu eg]/ laleGg ck|fKo clg cd'No a:t'x? pkxf/ :j?k klg lbO{g] 5 . o:tf
a:t'x?n] af}4 wd{ hlgg snf ;Dkbfsf] nfdf] Oltxf; emNsfpg jf a'emfpg db\bt ug]{5g\ .

b u|\ofG8 P;]DAnL xn cyjf 7'nf] ;ef sIf

kfFr xhf/ dflg;x? c6fpg ;Sg] Ifdtf ePsf] x'g]5 of] u|\ofG8 P;]DAnL xn . o; xnnfO{ laleGg
vfn] cfWoflTds kIfdfly ul/g] k|lzIf0f, ;]ldgf/, sfo{zfnf ;Frfng ug{ k|of]udf Nofpg ;lsg]5 .
b O{G6/GofZgn a'l4i6 km]8/]zg kL; sGkm/]G; / o:t} :jefjsf cGo sfo{qmdx? klg oxfFg} ug{
;lsg] 5 .

Wofg sIf / sf]7fx?

Wofg eg]sf] af}4 wd{ jf o; ;Fu ;DalGwt cfWoflTds cWoogsf] d'6'g} xf] . o; :ofFSr'/L e|d0f
ug]{ hf] sf]lxn] klg oxfF Wofg ug{ kfpg]5g\ . Wofg s;l/ ug]{ eGg] k|lzIf0f kfpg] 5g\ . o;
s]Gb|df /x]sf cfjl;o u'?x?n] To:tf kfx'gfx?nfO{ AolQmut txdfg} k|lzIf0f lbg] 5g\ . cyjf
o:tf kfx'gfx?n] rfx]sf v08df leIf'x?;Fu} tLgnfO{ klg Wofg ug{ lbO{g] 5, o:tf Wofgx?sf] laz]
if sIfsf] Aoj:yf ul/g]5 . 5f]6f] cyjf lb3{ sflng ;a} k|sf/sf l/6«L6 jf Wofgsf] Aoj:yf
ul/g]5 .

;fd'lxs ?kdf ul/g] Wofg, of]u cEof;, k|lzIf0f / sfo{qmdx? ;Frfng ug{sf]nflu laz]if 7'nf Wofg
sIfx?sf] Aoj:yf ul/g]5 .

b o'lge;{n kL; O{G:6LRo'6

b o'lge;{n kL; O{lG:6Ro'6nfO{ Pp6f uxg cWog s]Gb|sf] ?kdf lasf; ul/g] 5 . o;sf] cfkm\g}
a[xt lzIf0f ;fdfu|L / k4lt x'g] 5 . cfkm\gf] kf7\oqmd x'g] 5 . oxfF af}4 bz{g nufot, JbGbfTds
ef}ltsjfb, Oltxf;, lxdfnL ;F:s[lt, ;F:s[t efiff, g]kfnL, ltAatL / cFu|]hL efiffx? klg cWofkg
u/fO{g]5 .

o; b o'lge;{n kL; O{G:6LRo'6df Pp6f vf]h cg';Gwfg s]Gb| klg /xg]5 . o; cg';Gwfg s]Gb|sf]
nflu sfd ug]{df laleGg zf]w stf{x? x'g]5g\ h;n] k|flrg / cfw'lgs ltAatL efiffdf n]lvPsf
af}4wd{ hlgg k':tsx?sf] ;Fsng, rrf{ / AofVof ug]{5g\ . o; s]Gb|n] laleGg k':tsx?nfO{
l8lh6nfO{H8 u/]/ Pp6f 7'nf] 8f6fa]; klg agfpg] 5 . o:tf k':tsx?nfO{ kf/Dkl/s ltAatL z}
nLdf k|sfzg klg ug]{ 5 .
Rofl/6]jn PlS6lel6h
o; dxfl;4 :ofFSr'/L km/ kL;n] n'DaLgL jl/kl/ cjl:yt laleGg ;d'bfonfO{ cfWoflTds / ef}lts
?kn] nfeflGjt agfpg] pb]Zo klg /fv]sf] 5 . :yflgo ;F3 ;F:yfx?;Fu ldn]/ o; :ofFSr'/Ln]
cfFvf, sfg, lrpF8f] ;h{/L ;]jf lgz'Ns k|bfg ug]{ 5 . df]jfO{n d]l8sn o'lg6sf] Aoj:yf klg
ug]{5 . a[4x?sf]nflu laz]if ;xof]usf sfo{qmdx? klg ;Frfngdf Nofpg] 5 . :yflgo c:ktfn /
z}lIfs ;F:yx?nfO{ ;xof]u k|bfg ug]{ 5 .

o; :ofFSr'/Ldf cfpg] kfx'gfx?sf] nflu lgz'Ns vfgfsf] Aoj:yf ug]{ klg o;sf] pb]Zo /x]sf]
5 . oxfF af}4 bz{g hlgg lzIff k|bfg ug]{ x]t'n] lg/Gt/ ?kdf k|lzIf0f, k|jrg / k'hfsf] cfof]hgf
ul/g] 5 . d'Vo s'/f cfd dflg;nfO{ cfWoflTds ?kn] alnof] agfpg] pb]Zo o; ;F:yfsf] /x]sf]
5 .

a'4 hoGtLsf] cj;/df o; s]Gb|n] laleGg sfo{qmdx?sf] cfof]hgf ug]{ 5 . To:t} ul/ eujfg a'4
:ju{af6 wlt{df cfPsf] cj;df Ps ;o ldlnog k'hf dGq pRrf/0f ul/g] sfo{qmdsf] cfof]hgf
ug]{5 .

of] of]hgf c?nfO{ ;'gfpFbf

;g\ @)!$ df l/Gkf]r]n] n]Vg' ePsf] k':tsf ;a}n] a'em\g] ;lhnf] lrlgofF efiffdf lrgdf k|sfzg ePsf]
lyof] . k':tssf] cFu|]hL lzif{s lyof]M lnlaFu km"lNnM kmfO{lG8Fu hf]o O{g PE/L a|]y . Ps dlxgfsf]
bf}/fgdf k/dk"Ho l/Gkf]r]n] lrgsf cf7 d'Vo zx/x?sf] e|d0f ug'{ eof] . pQm bf}/fgdf cfkm\gf]
k':ts / dxfl;4 :ofFr'/L k|f]h]S6sf] af/]df ;a};Fu 5nkmn klg ug'{ eof] . hxfF uP klg jxfFsf]
o; k|f]h]S6sf] ;a}n] v'n]/ k|zF;f u/] clg jxfFnfO{ Gofgf] cfltYon] :jfut u/] .

To;}ul/ ;g\ @)!$sf] dfr{ dlxgfdf l/Gkf]r]n] yfO{NofG8sf] a}Fss zx/sf] e|d0f ug'{ eof] . a}Fss
zx/sf] pQ/L efudf cjl:yt y]/fafbf wf/sf] jf6 k|mf wDdfsfof dlGb/sf d'n k'/f]lxt / a}Fss zx/
leq} cjl:yt jf6 af]cf]g gfdsf] y]/fafbf wf/s} csf]{ dlGb/sf d'n k'/f]lxtn] l/Gkf]r] :jfut ;Tsf/
u/] . pQm e]6df l/Gkf]r]n] laleGg wf/sf af}4 dfuL{x?n] eujfg a'4sf] kljq hGd e'ld n'lDagLsf]
;Ddfgdf :yfkgf x'g nfu]sf] o; :ofFr'/Lsf] of]hgf ;fsf/ kfg{ ;a}n] ;xof]u ug'{ k5{ eGg] cfkm\gf]
wf/0ff /fVg' eof] .

of] lgdf{0f sfo{ ;DkGg ePsf] cj;/df ;l/s x'g l/Gkf]r]n] ;a} leIf'x?nfO{ lgDtf] lbg' eof] . cfkm'
labf x'g nfUbf /fVg' ePsf] o; k|:tfjn] ;a}nfO{ v';L agfof] . ;F;f/sf ;a} af}4dfuL{ Ps}{ xf}F eGg]
efjgf emg} alnof] eP/ cfof] . pkxf/ cfbfg k|bfg eP . Ps cfk;sf] enf] lrtfpFb} ;a}hgf labf
x'g' eof] .

;g\ @)!$ b]lv l/Gkf]r]n] Plzof dxfb]zsf laleGg zx/x?sf] e|d0f ul/ ;Sg' ePsf] 5 . o;
bf}/fgdf jxfFn] cfWoflTds u'?x?, Aokf/Lx?, ;/sf/L sd{rf/L, snfsf/x? / dgf]/Ghg snf
hutdf gfd rn]sf AolQmx?;Fu e]6\g' ePsf] 5 . jxfFn] e]6]sf ;a} hgfn] l/Gkf]r]sf] o; of]hgfnfO{
;fsf/ kfg{ cfly{s ;xof]u ug]{ arg lbg' ePsf] 5 .
l/Gkf]r] hxfF hxfF hfg' eof], h;h;nfO{ e]6\g' eof] ;a}n] l/Gkf]r]sf] o; of]hgfsf] v'n]/ k|zF;f
u/] . of] ;kmntf k|fKt x'g'df l/Gkf]r] eujfg a'4 cg'sDkfn]dfq of] ;Fej ePsf] eGg] s'/fdf laZj:t
x'g'x'G5 . a'4n] l;sfpg' ePsf] oyfy{ s] xf] eg] ha xfdL ;lx larf/n] pTk|]l/t eP/ o; sfddf
tlNng x'G5f}F, hlxn] klg o;sf] kl/0ffd /fd|f]dfq} x'G5 .

n'lDagLsf] Pp6f 5f]6f] O{ltxf;

cfh eGbf @^ ;o aif{ cl3, /fgL dfofb]jL cfkm\gf] ;GtfgnfO{ hGd lbgsf]nflu cfkm\gf] dfO{tL b]z
kms{Fb} lyO{g\ . lxF8\b} hfFbf plg n'lDagL cfO{k'lug\ . of] 7fFpm zfGt lyof], xl/ofnL au}Frf lyof],
km"nx? nxnx e'mln/x]sf lyP . ;fnsf ?vx? klg lyP . olx dgdf]xs :yndf dfofb]jLn] l;4fy{
uf}td afns /fhs'df/nfO{ hGd lbO{g\ . oLg} afns kl5 uP/ 1fgsf] vf]hdf nfu], o;nfO{ xfl;n
u/] clgeujfg a'4 eP . Tolx eP/ n'lDag kljq:yn ?kdf lrlgG5 . olx 7fFpm eujfg a'4sf]
hGd eof] / 1fg k|fKt u/]/ olx 7fFpmdf kmls{P .

oxfF km}lnPsf] kljq au}Frfdf eujfg a'4 hlGdPsf] :yn klg b]Vg ;lsG5 . of] au}Frf )* lsnf]
ld6/ auf{sf/ If]qkmndf km}lnPsf] 5 . eujfg a'4 hlGdg' ePsf] :yndf cjl:yt Tof] k'/fgf] dlGb/
klg olxF au}Frfdf k5{ . k|flrg ef/tsf ;d|f6 czf]sn] cfP/ agfPsf] Tof] k|l;4 :tEd klg olx
au}Frfdf 5 . o; kljq au}Frfdf $) j6f dlGb/x? algPsf 5g\ . k|To]s dlGb/ / u'Dafn] laleGg
b]zsf] ;F:s[lt emNsfpF5 . olx au}Frfdf cjl:yt Ps 6'qmf hldg l/Gkf]r]nfO{ cfkm\gf] ;f]r
cg';f/sf] :ofFSr'/L agfpgsf]nflu ;/sf/n] lbPsf] 5 . olx hldgsf] 6'qmfdf dxfl;4 :ofFSr'/L km/
o'le;{n kL;sf] lgdf{0f sfo{ z'? x'Fb} 5, ca .

;Fo'Qm /fi6«;F3sf e't'k'j{ dxf;lrj afg ls d'gn] n'lDagL s;l/ aPp6f dxTjk'0f{ lty{:yn xf] eGg]
laifodf lgs} /fd|f] af]Ng' ePsf] 5 M

‘eujfg a'4 hlGdg' ePsf] o; kljq e'ldsf] ;'Gb/tf / dxfgtf b]Vbf d clt cfZro{ rlst / xlif{t
ePsf] 5 . ;'v ;ondf afFr]sf] Pp6f /fhs'df/sf] hLjg ef]Ub} jxfFn] ug'{ ePsf] ofqfn] o; laZjsf]
Pp6f clt dxTjk'0f{ / ;'Gb/ wd{ ;F:s[ltsf] cfwf/ v8f uof]{ . dnfO{ ;aeGbf 5'g] s'/f s] xf] eg]
jxfFn] cfkm\gf] cf/dbfoL hLjg gafFr]/ cfd dflg;sf] b'v s] xf], o;nfO{ s;l/ sd ug{ ;lsG5,
of] a'em\g clg a'emfpgsf]nflu ofqf ug'{ eof] . d ;Fo'Qm /fi6«;F3sf] dxf;lrj ePsf] sf/0fn] laZjdf
zflGt sfod /fVg' d]/f] sfd / st{Ao xf] . dnfO{ of] sfddf nflu /xgsf]nflu k|]/0ff lbg]df jxfF
eujfg a'4g} x'g'x'G5 . dnfO{ leqaf6 s] af]w x'G4 eg] eujfg a'4n] l;sfpg' ePsf] kf7n], jxfFn]
eGg' ePsf] hLjg bz{gsf] cfwf/df xfdL o; ;F;f/df laBdfg laleGg ;d'bfo, wd{, cf:yf, ;F:s[lt
af]s]sf dflg;gx? / ltgsf b]zlar zflGt, cdg rog, ldqtf, efOrf/fsf] ;DaGw sfod /fVg
;S5f}F . xfdL dfgj hfltn] ug'{ kg]{ eg]sf] o; laZjnfO{ emg} zflGtdo, lxF;f/lxt agfpg' xf] . of]
laZjnfO{ emg} ;'Gb/ / ;a}nfO{ /dfpg ;Sg] agfpg' xf] .’

k/dk"Ho ZofNkf t]lGhg l/Gkf]r]

;F;f/ el/g} Voflt k|fKt ul/ ;Sg' ePsf af}4 bz{gsf u'?, k/dk"Ho ZofNkf t]lGhFg l/Gkf]r]sf] hGd
lxdfnosf] sfvdf cjl:yt ;'Gb/ zfGt dfgj al:tdf ePsf] lyof] . hGdhft laz]if :jefj / rl/q
ePsf] clg eujfgsf] ;Gb]z af]s]/ cfPsf] afnssf] ?kdf jxfFnfO{ lnO{Psf] lyof] . Tolx eP/
jxfFnfO{ rf/ aif{sf] slnnf] pd]/ b]lvg} nfdfsf] ?kdf k|lzIf0f lbg yflnof] . l/Gkf]r]n] ef/tsf]
agf/;l:yt ;f/gfy a'l4i6 laZjlaBfnodf cWoog ug'{ eof] . To;kl5 xfd|f] ;dodf gfd rn]sf
laleGg u'?x?af6 lzIff lbIff u|x0f ug'{ eof] . c;fw/0f k|ltef ePsf] xfd|f] l/Gkf]r]nfO{ pg} ;j{u0' f
;DkGg dxfg u'? 8f]Ur]gsf] cFzsf] ?kdf lnO{G5 . jxfFsf] cfkm\gf] d'n u'? eg] k/dk"Ho rT/fn
l/Gkf]r], :ofFUHo] bf]h]{ x'g'x'G5 .

bof / a'l4dtfsf] vfgL ZofNkf t]lGhg l/Gkf]r]n] s;l/ xfd|f] of] ck|fKo dfgj hLjgsf] d'n ;f/
tTj cg'ej ug{ ;lsG5 eGg] 1fg lbg'x'G5 . s;l/ k|To]s If0fsf] af]w ug{] eGg] l;sfpg' x'G5 .
k|To]s If0fsf] af]w ug{ ;Ifd x'Fbfdfq dgaf6 lJbljwf x6]/ hfG5, dg bofjfg x'g yfNb5 clg s;l/
;lx 9Fudf ;a}sf] sNof0f ug{ ;lsG5 eGg] af]w l/Dkf]r]n] u/fpg'x'G5 . cfWoflTds vf]hdf nfu]sf
AolQmx?sf]nflu l/Dkf]r]sf] cflzjf{b lgs} ;xof]uL l;4 ePsf] 5 . ltgLx?sf af6fdf cfO{k/]sf afwf
c8\rg\ o;} x/fP/ uPsf 5g\ . l/Dkf]r]sf argx?n] xfdLnfO{ 1fgsf] ;lx dfu{df nu]sf] cg'ej
x'G5 . jxfFsf argn] xfdLnfO{ xfdLleq} kms{g ;xof]u u/]sf] cg'ej 5 . ;'Gbf ;fwf/0f nfu] klg
jxfFsf argn] xfdLnfO{ z'4 dg /fVg dfu{ bz{g u5{ .

h;l/ Pp6f ;fgf] ;fFrf]sf] db\btn] lazfn b/af/df n'sfO{/ /flvPsf vhfgf ;Dd k'Ug] af6f]
b]vfpg] 9f]sf vf]Ng db\bt ub{5 To;}ul/ l/Dkf]r]sf dg 5'g] k|:6 ;Fu /flvPsf 5f]6f ld7f argn]
xfdLnfO{ s;l/ xfd|f] x/b}lgsLnfO{ cy{k'0f{ 9Fun] ;lx dfu{df n}hfg ;lsG5, s;l/ hLjgdf ;lx
kl/jt{g Nofpg ;Fej 5 eGg] s'/f a8f] dg 5'g] lsl;dn] l;sfpF5 .

uPsf] tL; aif{b]lv k/dk"Ho l/Dkf]r]n] xfn ;Dd Plzofsf laleGg d'nsx?df, pQl/ cd]l/sL /
o'/f]k]nL b]zx?df cjl:yt cfkm\gf ;F:yfx? dfkm{t cgluGtL ;]ldgf/x? k|:t't ul/ ;Sg' ePsf]
5 . dflG;s :jf:Yo nfe lng rfxg]x?sf]nflu sfo{zfnf rnfpg' ePsf] 5 . jxfFn] :yfkgf u/]sf
;F:yfdf z/0f lng cfpg] cfd lgl/x dflg;x?nfO{ cfTdan lbg] :jefjsf sfo{qmd rnfP/
plgx?sf] sNof0f ug'{ ePsf] 5 . cfkm\gf r]nfr]nLx?sf] nflu l/Dkf]r] cWofkg / k'hf k|lti7fg b'a}
;Frfng ug'{x'G5 . o:tf sIff / k'hf k|lti7fgx? slxn] sfFlx ;of}Fsf] ;FVofsf r]nf r]nLx?sf]nflu
;Frfng ug'{ x'G5 eg] slxn]sfFlx cfkm\gf vf; vf; ;fwgf/t r]nfx?sf]nflu eg]/ laz]if k'hf /
sIff klg ;Frfng ug'{x'G5 .

;g\ !(*& df k/dk"Ho l/Dkf]r]nfO{ ;Fo'tm /fHo cd]l/sfdf cWofkg ug{sf]nflu lgDtf] cfof] . cWofkg
ug{ eg]/ cd]l/sfdf k'Ubf jxfFnfO{ cfZro{ nfUof] lsg eg] sIff sf]7fdf b]lvPsf s]lx laBfyL{x?nfO{
jxfFn] ef/tsf] kljq 1fg e'ld agf/;df lrlg;Sg' ePsf] lyof] . ko{6ssf] ?kdf cfPsf lt
cd]l/sL gful/sx?n] jxfFnfO{ e]l6 ;s]sf lyP . agf/;sf] e]6dfg} plgx?n] cd]l/sf ef}lts ?kn]
wlg eP klg cWoflTds ?kdf cToGt gfh's ePsf] u'gf;f] u/]sf lyP . of] yfxf kfpFbf l/Dkf]r]nfO{
lgs} vNnf] nfu]/ cfpg] uYof]{ . o:tf dflg;x?nfO{ s'g} g s'g} ?kdf 1fg lbg' k5{ eGg] jxfFnfO{
leq dgdf hlxn] klg nflu/xGYof] . ;Fo'Qm /fHo cd]l/sfsf] k'lj{ t6sf] zx/df cfkm'nfO{ kfpFbf
l/Dkf]r];Fu Tof] a]nf hDdf vlNtdf Ps ;o cd]l/sg 8n/ lyof] . leIf'n] nufpg] kl/wfg b'O{ hf]/
sk8fdfq lyof] emf]nfdf . olQsf] e/df jxfFn] cd]l/sfsf laleGg zx/df k|jrg lbFb} hfg yfNg'
eof] . Ps dlxgf laTof] . l/Dkf]r]nfO{ dfof >4f ug]{ jxfFsf s]lx r]nfx?n] jxfFnfO{ cd]l/sfdfg}
s]lx ;do c? a:g cfu|x u/] . l/Dkf]r]sf] cd]l/sf a;fFO{ nlDaof] . @% aif{ laTof] . l/Dkf]r]sf
u'?x?sf] O{R5f klg o:t} lyof] . cfkm'n] hfg]sf] eujfg a'4sf 1fg ;F;f/sf laleGg s'gfx?df
km}lnof];\ eGg] rfxgf lyof] jxfFsf u'?x?sf] klg . olx eP/ k/dk"Ho l/Dkf]r]n] cd]l/sfdf of{Ful/Fu
o]z] O{Fs eGg] ;F:yf :yfkgf ug"{ eof] . u|}x gfkmf d"ns of] ;F:yfsf] pb]Zo eg]sf] laleGg b'vdf
cNem]sf dflg;x?nfO{ dflG;s tgfjaf6 d'Qm u/fpgsf]nflu laleGg vfn] ;ef, ;]ldgf/, sfo{zfnf,
k|lzIf0f cflb u/fpg' lyof] . hLjgb]lv a}/fUo ePsf cfd AolQmx?nfO{ hLjgd'lv agfpg' lyof] .
;a}sf] dgfdf bofsf] efjgf hfu[t u/fpg' lyof] .

olx cjlwdf lxdfnL e]udf cjl:yt laleGg 7fFpmx?af6 l/Dkf]r]nfO{ cfkm\gf] 1fg lbP/ cfd
g/gf/Lx?sf] sNof0f ug{ x'g cg'/f]w cfpg yfNof] . l/Dkf]r]nfO{ o:tf cg'/f]wx?n] lxdfnL e]ult/
klg Nofof] . olx qmddf jxfFn] sf7df08f}df ZofNkf u'Djf / leIf'0fLx?sf]nflu cfjZos s]Gb|x?
:yfkgf ug'{ eof] . xfnsf lbgdf cfP/ jxfFn] kf/Dkl/s z}lndf a'4dfuL{ larf/ cWoog cWofkg
ug]{ u/fpg] ldkmfg gfdsf] Pp6f cfw'lgs cWoog s]Gb| klg :yfkgf ug'{ ePsf] 5 . o;sf] cnjf
jxfFn] b lxdfnog lrN8«]G; kmG8 gfds ;F:yfsf] klg ;Frfngdf Nofpg' ePsf] 5 . of] ;F:yfn]
cfly{s cefj ePsf afnaflnsfx?nfO{ cWoog ug{ cfly{s ;xof]u ub{5 .

;g\ @))(df l/Dkf]r]n] xFusFudf j]gr]Fu uf]FUHx' O{G6/GofZgn kmfpG8];g eGg] ;F:yf :yfkgf ug'{
eof] . kl5 uP/ olx ;F:yfsf] ;fvfx? tfO{jfg / dn]lzofdf klg la:tf/ ug'{ eof] . lo ;F:yfx?
dfkm{t l/Dkf]r]n] cfd dflg;sf] d'lQmsf]nflu eujfg a'4sf clt{ pkb]z?sf] Aofks k|rf/ k|;f/ ug'{
ePsf] 5 . dgnfO{ s;l/ zfGt kfg{ ;lsG5 clg laleGg hl6n dflG;s cj:yfaf6 s;l/ d'Qm x'g
;lsG5 eGg] 1fg / k|lzIf0f lbFb} cfpg' ePsf] 5 .

;g\ @)!# df g]kfn ;/sf/n] k/dk"Ho l/Dkf]r]nfO{ kljq e'ld n'lDagLdf eujfg a'4sf] hGd:yn /
jxfFsf 1fg a'emfpg] :jefjsf] s]lx ultljlw ug{ s]lx hldgsf] Aoj:yf ul/lbof] . pQm cg'/f]wnfO{
l:jsfb}{ jxfFn] To; kljq hldgsf] 6'qmfdf ;Dk'0f{ laZjsf]nflu x'g] vfnsf] Pp6f P]ltxfl;s /
cfWoflTds dxTj ePsf] of]hgf cl3 Nofpg' eof] . l/Dkf]r]sf]] of]hgf d'tfljs ToxfF o:tf] ejg aGg]
eof] h;n] zfSod'lg a'4 hlGdPsf] kljq e'ldsf] 5gs klg lbof];\ clg of] Pp6f o:tf] s]Gb| agf];\
hxfF ;F;f/ e/sf laleGg wd{, ;F:s[lt, e]if e'iff / cf:yf ePsf AolQmx?sf]nflu e]6 xf]pg\ . laZj
zflGt / efOrf/fsf] ;DaGw phfu/ ug]{ s]Gb|sf] ?kdf of] ;F:yf Pp6f sf];] 9'Fuf ;fljt u/fpg]
l/Dkf]r]sf] of]hgf 5 .

;g\ @)!* sf] clk|ndf of] of]hgfn] ;fsf/ ?k lng yfNb}5 . b dfxfl;4 :ofFSr'/L km/\ o'lge;{n
lk; gfd lbPsf] of] ;F:yfsf] ejgsf] lgdf0f{ sfo{ olx dlxgfaf6 z'? x'Fb} 5 . olx kfjg cj;/df
k/dk"Ho ZofNkf t]lGhFu l/Gkf]r] ;a} hgfnfO{ of] sfo{df ;fy lbg cfdGq0f ub}{ x'g'x'G5 . of] kljq
/ dxTjk'0f{ of]hgf cl3 a9fpg ;fy lbg' eg]sf] :ojd\ eujfg a'4k|lt ;lx elQm bzf{pg' xf] eGg]
a'emfO{ l/Dkf]r]sf] /x]sf] 5 . of] of]hgfnfO{ cl3 a9fpg ;xof]u ug'{ eg]sf] ;a}sf]nflu z'e sd{ ug{sf]
nflu Pp6f z'e df}sf klg xf] . of] df}sfsf] ;b'kof]u ug{ x'g l/Dkf]r] ;a}nfO{ cfdGq0f ug'{x'G5 .
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