STRUCTURE OF ATOMS

2+
Q1. The electronic configuration of an ion M is 2, 8 and 14. If its mass number is 56, the number of neutrons in its
nucleus is

(A) 30 (B) 32 (C) 34 (D) 49

Q2. Structures of nuclei of three atoms A, B and C are given below.

A has 90 protons and 146 neutrons.

B has 92 protons and 146 neutrons.

C has 90 protons and 148 neutrons.

Based on the above data, which of these atoms are isotopes and which are isobars?

(A) A and C are isotopes; B and C are isobars

(B) A and B are isotopes; A and C are isobars

(C) B and C are isobars; A and B are isotopes

(D) A and C are isotopes; A and B are isobars

Q3. Which of the following will have equal numbers of electrons?

(A) Cr- and Br- (B) Na+ and Mg2+

(C) Ar and Ne (D) Mg2+ and Ca2+

Q4. Which statement is correct about a proton?

(A) It is nucleus of deuterium. (B) It is ionized hydrogen molecule

(C) It is ionized hydrogen atom (D) It is a negatively charged particle

Q5. Which one of the following statements is incorrect?

(A) Charges on an electron and proton are equal and opposite

(B) Neutron have no charge

(C) Electron and proton have same mass

(D) Masses of proton and neutron are nearly the same

Q6.Bromine atom is available in two isotopes (49.7%) and (50.3%), the average atomic mass of bromine
atom is
 (A) 79.016 (B) 80.076 (C) 80.006 (D) 81.016

Q7. Mg has three natural isotopes whose isotopic masses and relative abundances are respectively

23.98(78.60%), 24.98(10.11 %) and 25.98(11.29%).The atomic mass of Mg will be

(A) 23.42 (B) 24.31 (C) 24.95 (D) 23.95

Q8. Which of the following pair is isoelectronic?

(A) Na+, Ar (B) Mg++, Ca+ (c) K+, Ar (D) Na+, K+

Q9. How many numbers of protons and electrons are present in Ca2+?

(A) 20 protons; 20 electrons (B) 20 protons; 22 electrons

C) 18 protons; 18 electrons (D) 20 protons; 18 electrons

Q10. What are the values of the quantum numbers of 19th electron of Scandium (Z=21)?

(A) n = 4; I = 0; m =0; ms= +

(B) n =4; I= 1; m=0; ms=

(C) n =4; I= 2: m=1: ms=

(D) n= 4; I= 3; m=2; ms=

Q11. The ascending order of (charge/ mass) value for electron (e), proton (p), neutron (n) and alpha (α) Particle is

(A) e,p,n,α (B) n,p,e,α (C) n,α,p,e (D) n,p,α,e

Q12. What are the electronic configurations of Na+ and Cr- ions?

(A) Na+ = 2, 8, 1 and CI- =2, 8, 7

(B) Na+ = 2, 8 and Cl-= 2, 8, 8

(C) Na+ = 2, 8, 2 and CI-=2, 8, 6

(D) Na+= 2, 8 and Cl-= 2, 8, 7

Q13. Which of the following statements are correct about a (alpha) particle scattering experiment?

(1)Most of the fast moving α-particles passed straight through gold foil

(2) Some of α-particles were deflected by the foil by small angles.

(3) Surprisingly one out of every 10 particles appeared to rebound

(A) (1) and (3) are correct

(B) (1) and (2) are correct

(C) (1), (2) and (3) are correct

(D) Only (1) is correct

Q14. "Electrons pairing in orbital’s starts only when available empty orbital’s of the same energy are singly
occupied". This statement refers to

(A) Pauli exclusion principle

(B) Hund's rule

(C) Aufbau principle

(D) Quantum principle

Q15. The valence of the element with atomic number 17 is______

(A) 7 (B) 1, 7 (C) 1 (D) 3.5

Q16. Identify the elements which are very less reactive:

(i) X (2) (ii) Y (2, 8, 1) (ii) Z (2, 6) (iv) W (2, 8, 8)

(A) (i) and (ii) (B) (ii) and (iii)

(C) (i) and (iv) (D) (ii) and (iv)

Q17. An element with atomic no. 7 will show chemical properties similar to element with atomic numbers

(A) 10 (B) 9 (C) 15 (D) 17

Q18. Which is correctly matched?

Elements Electron distribution

(A) Sulphur - 2, 8, 8

(B) Phosphorous - 2, 8, 6

(C) Aluminimum - 2, 8, 3

(D) Silicon - 2, 8, 5

Q19. . What is the electronic configuration of sulphur?

 (A) 2, 6, 8 (B) 2, 4, 8 (C) 2, 8, 6 (D) 2, 6, 4

Q20. The atomic mass of an element is 19. The second shell of its atom contains 7 electrons. The number of protons
in its nucleus is

(A) 9 (B) 10 (C) 7 (D) 12

Q21. The atomic number of Mg is 12. The number of electrons in its M shell will be

(A) Eight (B) Ten (C) Two (D) Zero

Q22. The atomic masses of two isotopes of chlorine are 35 and 37. The number of neutrons will be

(A) 18, 20 (B) 20, 18 (C) 17, 18 (D) 18, 17

Q23. How many orbitals can have the following set of quantum numbers?

n=3, I=2, mI=-2

(A) 8 (B) 1 (C) 2 (D)4

Q24. Sodium azide NaN3 decomposes explosively to sodium metal and nitrogen gas and is used in automobile air bags
2NaNa3 2Na + 3N2. Azide ion is isoelectronic to

(A) CO (B) NO (C) Co2 (D) H2O

Q25. Uranium (A= 238, Z= 92) emits an α-particle. The product has mass number and atomic number respectively as .

(A) 238 and 96 (B) 238 and 90 (C) 236 and 92 (D) 234 and 90

Q26. The electronic configuration of copper can be represented in this/these way/ways

(i) 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s1 3d10

(i) [Ar] 3d10 4s1

(ii) 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d9

(A) Only (i) & (ii) are correct

(B) Only (ii) is correct

(C) Only (ii) and (ii) are correct

(D) Only (i) and (iii are correct

Q27. The electronic configuration of an element with atomic number 19 will be

(A) 2, 9, 8 (B) 2, 8, 9 (C) 2,8,8,1 (D) 2, 10, 7

Q28. Two elements showing similar properties due to same number of valence electrons are

(A) Ca and Ga (B) S and O (C) C and Cl (D) Si and S

Q29. The number of neutrons in an atom of is

(A) 23 (B) 11 (C) 34 (D) 12

Q30. The maximum number of electrons that can be accommodated in the 'L' shell of an atom is

(A) 2 (B) 4 (C) 8 (D) 16

Q31. The valence of the element with atomic number ‘10’ is

(A) 2 (B) 8 (C) 10 (D) 0

Q32. The isotope used in the treatment of cancer is

(A) lodine (B) Cobalt (C) Carbon (D) Hydrogen

Q33. What is the number of s-electrons present in a chromium atom? (Atomic number of Cr = 24)

(A) 7 (B) 1 (C) 8 (D) 5

Q34. Number of valence electron in CI atom is

(A) 16 (B) 7 (C) 17 (D) 18

Q35. Isotopes of an element have

(A) The same physical properties (B) Different chemical properties

(C)Different number of neutrons (D) Different atomic number

Q36. Adding an alpha particle to the nucleus of sodium atom produces which new element?

(A)Mg (B) P (C) Al (D) Ne

Q37. Number of valence electrons in magnesium is

(A) 12 (B) 10 (C) 8 (D) 2

Q38. Number of which among the following is same in AI+3 and F-?

(A) Proton (B) Neutron (C) Atomic mass (D) Electron

Q39. How many electrons are there in chloride ion?

(A) 17 (B) 18 (C) 16 (D) 8

Q40. Which of the following acid molecule differ from other molecules regarding their total number of valence
electrons?

(A) HCIO4 (B) H3PO4 (C) HNO3 (D) H2SO4

Q41. While roaming in a parallel universe you discover the hypothetical element ‘X’. You obtain a representative
sample of the element and discover that it is made up of three isotopes, X-48, X-52 and X-54. To help your science
team, calculate the atomic mass of the substance. You send the following drawing of your sample with your report.

In the report you also inform the science team that the circular atoms are X-48, star atoms are X-52 and the
remaining crossed circular atoms are X-54.What is the average atomic mass of X?

(A) 50.5 (B) 51.5 (C) 52.5 (D) 53.5

Q42. If there are 12 neutrons in an atom and its atomic number is 11. How many protons are present in t?

(A) 11 (B) 1 (C) 23 (D) 1

Q43. In SO3, what is the valence of sulphur atom?

(A) 3 (B) 1 (C) 5 (D)6

Q44. Proton was discovered by:

(A) J. J. Thomson (B) Chadwick (C) E. Goldstein (D) Rutherford

Q45. What is the electronic configuration of CI-?

(A) 2, 8.7 (B) 2, 8, 8 (C) 2, 8, 6 (D) 2, 8, 8, 1

Q46. "Atoms are neither, created nor destroyed in a chemical reaction". This postulation was given by

(A) J. J. Thomson (B) Niels Bohr (C) John Dalton (D) Amedeo Avogadro

Q47. Electrons were discovered by

(A) James Chadwick (B) J. J. Thomson (C) Ernest Rutherford (D) Niels Bohr

Q48. Deuterium is an isotope of

(A) Carbon (B) Hydrogen (C) Cobalt (D) Cesium

Q49. An ion with mass number 56 contains 3 units of positive charge and 30.4% more neutrons than electrons.
Atomic number of the element is

(A) 24 (B) 25 (C) 26 (D) 27

Q50. and are isotopes which equation is correct regarding the atoms?

(A) (x2 p2)(y2 q2)=0 (B) (x2 p2)(y2 q2)=0 (C) (x2 q2)(y2 p2)=0 (D) (x2 q2)(y2 p2)=0

Q51. How many electrons are there in chloride ion?

(A) 17 (B) 18 (C) 16 (D) 8

Q52. Which scientist gave the rule of octet?

(A) Lewis (B) Rayleigh and Ramsey (C) Dalton (D) Dobereiner

Q53. An atom of an element (X) has its K, L and M shells filled with some electrons. It reacts with sodium metal to
form a compound NaX. The number of electrons in the M shell of an atom of element (X) will be

(A) 7 (B) 8 (C) 2 (4) 1

Q54. Which of the following statements DO NOT match with the postulates of Bohr's model of atom?

(A) Electrons are revolving around the nucleus in specified paths called orbits/shells

(B) Each shell is associated with definite amount of energy

(C) Electron, while revolving through a particular shell can increase or decreases its energy

(D) Energy of the shells decreases as their distance form nucleus increases

Select the correct alternative.

(A) C and D (B) B and C (C) A and C (D) B and D

Q55. Which of the following statements are NOT CORRECT?

(A) Isobars are atoms of different elements

(B) Isotopes are atoms of same elements

(C) Isotones are atoms of same elements

(D) Isotones are atoms of different elements

Q56. X and Y are the two atomic species

 X Y
Number of protons 8 8
Number of neutrons 8 10

Select the correct statement about X and Y.

(A) X and Y are isobars

(B) X and Y have different chemical properties

(C) X and Y have different physical properties

(D) X and Y are the atoms of different elements.

Q57. An element has two shells and has double the number of electrons in its valence shell than the first shell. The
valence of the element could be

(A) 8 (B) 4 (C) 2 (D) 6

Q58. loses electrons and forms trivalent cation. This ion will have

(A) 13 electrons and 14 protons

(B) 10 electrons and 13 protons

(C) 10 electrons and 10 protons

(D) 14 electrons and 13 protons

Q59. Assertion (A) : Aluminum foil cannot be used in α-particle scattering experiment.

Reason (R): Aluminum is highly malleable metal

(1) Both (A) and (R) are correct. R is the correct reason for (A)

(2) Both (A) and (R) are correct but R is not the correct reason for (A)

(3) A is correct and R is incorrect

(4) A is incorrect and R is correct