GOMEZ, Joshua Lawrence V

GOMEZ, Joshua Lawrence V.
CE-5G
TRANSPORTATION ENGINEEERING : ASSIGNMENT #1
Comparative study of all transportation related projects by our presidents starting

from Marcos to Duterte.
PRESIDENT FERDINAND MARCOS ADMINISTRATION (1965-1986)

In President Marcos’period, the road transport strategy is centered on extensive
construction like farm-to-market roads. The Marcos Administration allocated a
portion for public funds for road construction and rehabilitation.
RAILWAYS – Rehabilitation of the main South and North lines of the Philippine
National Railways was the focus of the Marcos administration from 1978-1982, while
the rehabilitation of Naga-Legaspi line and Manila-Sucat line was planned from
1984-1986. The Philippine National Railways has been operating in deficit since the
early 1970’sand suffered from insufficient financial assistance.
URBAN TRANSPORT – 1978-1982 focuses on traffic management improvement,

the provision of higher occupancy vehicles and the construction of selected highway
projects in Metro Manila , Cebu, and Davao. In 1980, several studies were done to
improve the traffic condition in Metro Manila. These were : The Metro Manila Route
Reallocation, Metro Manila Urban Transport Improvement Project and Provincial Bus
Rationalization Program, Light Rail Transit (LRT) System and Traffic Engineering and
Management (TEAM).
AIR TRANSPORT – Improvement of International airports was the main concern

during 1978-1982 because of the increasing efficiency in the management of airport
operations took center stage from 1984-1987. Completed in 1977 were the
upgrading of runways, expansion of aprons in 9 airports and the construction of
terminal buildings in two Mindanao airports. In addition, major trunk line airport
were expanded in Manila, Daet, Ozamis and San Fernando. The air navigational
system was claimed to be relatively adequate in the Medium Term Development
Plan for 1987-92.
SAN JUANICO BRIDGE - The San Juanico Bridge is part of the Pan-Philippine
Highway and links the provinces of Leyte and Samar through Tacloban City and
Santa Rita, Samar. Having a total length of 2.16 kilometers, it is the longest bridge
over a body of water in the Philippines. It is said to be Ferdinand Marcos’s gift to his
wife Imelda, whose hometown was Leyte.
Construction of the bridge began in 1969. It was inaugurated on July 2, 1973, in

time for Imelda Marcos’s birthday. The cost of the construction reached $22 million
and was acquired through the Japanese Official Development Assistance loans.
At the time the project was conceived, there was not a need yet for a bridge that
connects Leyte and Samar, for both of these provinces were still relatively
underdeveloped. There was not enough traffic between these two islands to warrant
a bridge to be constructed there. It is for this reason that the San Juanico Bridge
remains to be the one of the costliest white elephant projects during the Marcos
era.
INFRASTRUCTURES - This focus on infrastructure, which critics saw as a

propaganda technique, eventually earned the colloquial label "edifice complex".
These including hospitals like the Philippine Heart Center, Lung Center, and Kidney
Center, North Luzon Expressway, South Luzon Expressway (SLEX) and 17
hydroelectric and geothermal power plants to lessen the country's dependency on
oil. Cultural and heritage sites like the Cultural Center of the Philippines, Nayong
Pilipino, Philippine International Convention Center and the disastrous and ill-fated
Manila Film Center were built as well.
PRESIDENT CORAZON C. AQUINO ADMINISTRATION (1987-1992)

AIR TRANSPORT – Airport terminals were constructed while runways were
strengthened and extended. Modern Air Navigation and communication facilities
were installed in 52 airports and sites while fire-rescue equipment were bought for
45 airports. Master plans for the Ninoy Aquino International Airport (NAIA) and
Mactan International Airport (MIA). August 1988, Executive order No. 333 was
issued revoking the one-airline policy allowing a healthy and regulated competition
in the industry. (Austria, 2000)
WATER TRANSPORT – Major civil works were started at the Manila International
Conatiner Terminal and the Manila North and South Harbors. Studies on roll-on, roll-
off (RORO) transport, inter-island shipping, ship repair, maritime safety and bulk
terminals were done and deregulation of shipping passage rates were initiated.
PRESIDENT FIDEL V. RAMOS ADMINISTRATION (1992-1998)

ROAD TRANSPORTATION – Ramos focused on the upgrading of the National
Arterial and Secondary roads to all-weather roads and the conversion of all bridges
into permanent structures.
RAILWAYS – Completion of the Rehabilitation of the PNR Main Line South.
PRESIDENT JOSEPH ESTRADA ADMINISTRATION (1998-2001)

RAILWAYS – Estrada envisioned the construction of the PNR Southern Line and
Northrail through private sector participation. He also planned a study on the
feasibility of Mindanao, Sorsogon and Panay Railways. Sole achievement in this area
was the completion of the modernization of the Commuter Line South Project. In
200s, the rehabilitaition of PNR’s rolling stock was implemented.
URBAN TRANSPORT – Estrada worked on Line 2 (C.M. Recto to Santolan, Pasig)

and planned another line running through Quezon Avenue (Line 4)and the extension
of Line 1 from Manila to Zapote in Bacoor, Cavite to decongest Metro Manila traffic.
AIR TRANSPORT – The runway of the Davao International Airport was upgraded
and extended to 3,000 meters. NAIA International Passenger Terminal 3 started the
construction and the modernization of 18 airports under the Air Navigation Facility
Project was completed.
PRESIDENT GLORIA MACAPAGAL ARROYO ADMINISTRATION (2001-
2010)
MANILA, May 6 — The transport sector on Thursday cited the gains of President
Gloria Macapagal Arroyo’s administration in the transport sector during a
retrospective forum where the Department of Transportation and Communications
(DOTC) presented its Transport Sector Performance from 2001-2009.
ROAD TRANSPORTATION – In 2001, highest priority was the maintenance of

existing road network. Improved and constructed were 1,300 kilometers of national
roads and 19,771 lineal meters of bridges. Among these were parts of Pan-
Philippine Highway, West Leyte Roads, Bohol Circumferential Roads and Kennon
Road.
RAILWAYS – Restructure of the LRT and the PNR for more efficient operation.
PRESIDENT BENIGNO C. AQUINO III (2010-2016)

RAILWAY - P170.7-billion North-South Railway Project (NSRP)-South Line. The
project, which will be implemented by the Department of Transportation and
Communications (DOTC), was the largest approved for the year. The NSRP, which is
being funded through the public-private partnership (PPP) scheme, involves
commuter and long-haul railway operations. Commuter-railway operations will be
between Tutuban and Calamba, and the long-haul operations will be between
Tutuban and Legazpi City. “[This includes] extended long-haul rail operations on the
branch line between Calamba and Batangas, and extension between Legazpi and
Matnog,” Neda documents stated. The project, which covers Metro Manila,
Calabarzon and the Bicol region, will be implemented from 2016 to 2019. The next
big-ticket infrastructure project approved this year was the P117.3-billion North-
South Commuter Railway (NSCR) Project Phase 1. Phase 1 of the NSCR involves the
construction of a 36.7-kilometer narrow-gauge elevated commuter railway from
Malolos to Tutuban using the Philippine National Railways right-of-way, with 10
stations and a depot in Valenzuela City. “The project also includes the procurement
of rolling stock and the installation of electro-mechanical systems,” documents
stated.
PRESIDENT RODRIGO R. DUTERTE (JUNE 30, 2016 up to present)

AIRPORT - NAIA ON THE RISE. Tagged as one of the world’s worst airports, the
Ninoy Aquino International Airport (NAIA) conquered its issues to be awarded as one
of the most improved airports in the world in less than two years. Additionally, NAIA
was ranked as the 7th fastest Asia Pacific airport to exit.
CLARK AIRPORT AS A VIABLE GATEWAY. From an airport that went unnoticed in the
past few years, the Clark International Airport (CRK) is now one of the nation’s
busiest airports:
• 524 weekly domestic flights
• 222 weekly international flights
• Passenger traffic: 2.5 million in 2018

RAILWAYS
- TRAIN SYSTEMS IMPROVED FOR COMFORT. With the MRT-3, incidents and
service interruptions have been greatly reduced. In 2018, Under the MRT-3
Maintenance Transition Team:
• Passenger unloading incidents: 57 (down from 417 in 2015, 586 in 2016,
and 463 in 2017)
• Service interruptions: 17 (down from 55 in 2015, 63 in 2016, and 81 in
2017)
Likewise, the Philippine National Railways (PNR), after 20 years, reopened its
services from Caloocan to Dela Rosa in Makati and extended up to the Sangandaan
station and to Malabon.
- UNIFIED GRAND CENTRAL STATION. For over nine years, the dream of
connecting the country’s major rail lines was stalled. With disputes lingering
on a location, the DOTr settled the issue and started the construction of the
Common Station that will soon connect four major rail lines.
ROADS
- REPUBLIKANG MAY PLAKA. Facing a backlog of vehicle license plates, the
DOTr, through the Land Transportation Office (LTO), took the challenge as it
started to manufacture its own license plates via its plate making facility.
Through LTO’s efforts:
• 1.7 million pairs of plates have been distributed nationwide.
• Over 10 million license cards have been printed, with a five-year validity
period and 32 security features against counterfeit.
- BOHOL-PANGLAO INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT. Under the “Build, Build, Build”
Program
- PARAÑAQUE INTEGRATED TERMINAL EXCHANGE. Opened to the public as the

country’s first landport, the Parañaque Integrated Terminal Exchange (PITX)
was launched to serve as a transfer point for commuters, while giving the
public world-class features and services as a premier land terminal.
- PUBLIC UTILITY VEHICLE MODERNIZATION PROGRAM. The Public Utility
Vehicle Modernization Program (PUVMP), a flagship project of the Duterte
administration, continues to roll out, providing comfortable, safe, and
environment-friendly PUVs to commuters and stable livelihood to drivers.
CAGAYAN DE ORO PORT. The country’s biggest port PTB at the Port of
Cagayan De Oro was inaugurated this month. The Sasa Port in Davao and the
Tubigon Port in Bohol are now complete, already serving the public.
- ON GOING REHABILITATION PORT PROJECTS. Rehabilitation works are
ongoing at the Malalag Port in Davao Del Sur, while the rehabilitation of the
Makar Wharf and the construction of its port operations building in General
Santos City are now finished.

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GOMEZ, Joshua Lawrence V.

TRANSPORTATION ENGINEEERING : ASSIGNMENT #1

Comparative study of all transportation related projects by our presidents starting

PRESIDENT FERDINAND MARCOS ADMINISTRATION (1965-1986)

URBAN TRANSPORT – 1978-1982 focuses on traffic management improvement,

AIR TRANSPORT – Improvement of International airports was the main concern

Construction of the bridge began in 1969. It was inaugurated on July 2, 1973, in

INFRASTRUCTURES - This focus on infrastructure, which critics saw as a

PRESIDENT CORAZON C. AQUINO ADMINISTRATION (1987-1992)

PRESIDENT FIDEL V. RAMOS ADMINISTRATION (1992-1998)

RAILWAYS – Completion of the Rehabilitation of the PNR Main Line South.

PRESIDENT JOSEPH ESTRADA ADMINISTRATION (1998-2001)

URBAN TRANSPORT – Estrada worked on Line 2 (C.M. Recto to Santolan, Pasig)

ROAD TRANSPORTATION – In 2001, highest priority was the maintenance of

PRESIDENT BENIGNO C. AQUINO III (2010-2016)

PRESIDENT RODRIGO R. DUTERTE (JUNE 30, 2016 up to present)

• 524 weekly domestic flights

• 222 weekly international flights

• Passenger traffic: 2.5 million in 2018

- PARAÑAQUE INTEGRATED TERMINAL EXCHANGE. Opened to the public as the

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