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    Phase Rule Sulphur System: Upma Shrivastava Asstt. Prof. Govt. V.Y.T.PG - Auto.College Durg Chhattisgarh

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    ramukaka
    The document discusses the phase diagram of the sulphur system, which contains four phases - rhombic sulphur (SR), monoclinic sulphur (SM), liquid sulphur (SL), and sulphur vapor (SV). It summarizes the phase rule application and provides information on the phase boundaries between the different phases. Key points include that the transition temperature between SR and SM increases with pressure, as does the melting points of SM and metastable SR. The phase diagram illustrates the relationships between phases at different temperatures and pressures, including several triple points where three phases coexist.

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    Phase Rule Sulphur System: Upma Shrivastava Asstt. Prof. Govt. V.Y.T.PG - Auto.College Durg Chhattisgarh

    Uploaded by

    ramukaka
    433 views13 pages
    The document discusses the phase diagram of the sulphur system, which contains four phases - rhombic sulphur (SR), monoclinic sulphur (SM), liquid sulphur (SL), and sulphur vapor (SV). It summarizes the phase rule application and provides information on the phase boundaries between the different phases. Key points include that the transition temperature between SR and SM increases with pressure, as does the melting points of SM and metastable SR. The phase diagram illustrates the relationships between phases at different temperatures and pressures, including several triple points where three phases coexist.

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    Sulphur System

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    Sulphur System

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    The document discusses the phase diagram of the sulphur system, which contains four phases - rhombic sulphur (SR), monoclinic sulphur (SM), liquid sulphur (SL), and sulphur vapor (SV). It summarizes the phase rule application and provides information on the phase boundaries between the different phases. Key points include that the transition temperature between SR and SM increases with pressure, as does the melting points of SM and metastable SR. The phase diagram illustrates the relationships between phases at different temperatures and pressures, including several triple points where three phases coexist.

    Copyright:

    Public Domain
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    433 views13 pages

    Phase Rule Sulphur System: Upma Shrivastava Asstt. Prof. Govt. V.Y.T.PG - Auto.College Durg Chhattisgarh

    Uploaded by

    ramukaka
    The document discusses the phase diagram of the sulphur system, which contains four phases - rhombic sulphur (SR), monoclinic sulphur (SM), liquid sulphur (SL), and sulphur vapor (SV). It summarizes the phase rule application and provides information on the phase boundaries between the different phases. Key points include that the transition temperature between SR and SM increases with pressure, as does the melting points of SM and metastable SR. The phase diagram illustrates the relationships between phases at different temperatures and pressures, including several triple points where three phases coexist.

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    of 13

    Phase Rule

    Sulphur System
    Upma Shrivastava
    Asstt. Prof.
    Govt. V.Y.T.PG.Auto.College
    Durg
    Chhattisgarh
    B.Sc Part II, Paper III, Unit IV Phase rule – Sulphur System

    Sulphur system

    It is one component system because only one chemical symbol used to


    express composition of all phases present in this system (S) .

    Four phases are present in this system:-

    (1) Sulphur Rhombic (Solid) – SR


    (2) Sulphur monoclinic (Solid) – SM
    (3) Sulphur liquid – SL
    (4) Sulphur vapour (gas) – SV
    1
    Phase Rule applied for this system :-

    F= C-P+2 or F+P= C+2


    F= Degree of freedom
    C= No of components
    P= No of phases

    Here no. of component (C) = 1


    So, F+P = 1+2 = 3
    minimum no of phases in any system = 1
    and minimum no of degree of freedom = 0

    so if F=0 then P=3


    F=1 then P=2
    F=2 then P=1
    2
    Maximum no of degree of freedom = 2 which is temperature and pressure

    Here concentration is constant for one component system.


    So we draw P-T graph for this system. Before draw a phase diagram we have
    some information about this system.

    (1) At room temp (25°C) SR is stable.


    (2) below 50°C SV not exist.
    (3) transition temp of SR and SM is 95.6°C at 1 atm.
    (4) m.p of SM = 120°C at 1 atm.
    (5) b.p of SL = 444°C at 1 atm.
    (6) metastable m.p of SR = 115°C at 1 atm.
    (7) density of SR = 2.07 g/cm3, SM = 1.96 g/cm3
    (8) When we increase pressure m.p. of SM , transition temp of SM and
    SR ,metastable m.p. of SR also increases (151°C at 1288 atm)
    3
    Phase Diagram

    E
    151°C, 1288 atm

    SR SL

    M
    /S

    L
    SM /S
    R
    S

    L
    S /S
    R
    SM
    H
    1 atm A C
    B D
    SR/SV SM/SV SL/SV

    SV
    4
    50°C 95.6°C 115°C 120°C 444°C
    First of all we explain, curves, triple points then areas.

    Curves:-
    1. AB curve (sublimation curve of SR )
    Two phase SR and SV present in equilibrium
    SR ⇌ SV P=2
    Phase rule,
    F= C-P+2
    F= 1-2+2
    F= 1

    only one variable (temperature or pressure) required to explain any point of


    this curve
    Below 50°C SV not exist so, minimum value of ‘A’ point is 50°C and ‘B’
    point is 95.6°C which is transition temp of SR and SM
    5
    2. BC curve (Sublimation curve of SM )

    Two phases SM and SV present in equilibrium


    SM ⇌ SV
    P = 2 and F = 1
    ‘C’ is m.p. of SM = 120°C at 1 atm. pressure

    3. CD curve (Vapour pressure curve of SL )

    Two phases SL and SV present in equilibrium


    SL ⇌ SV
    P= 2 and F= 1
    here D is b.p. of SL = 444°C at 1 atm. pressure.
    6
    4. BE curve (transition curve of SR and SM )
    SR and SM present in equilibrium
    SR ⇌ SM
    P= 2, F= 1

    Slope of BE curve is away from pressure axis which shows that transition
    temp. increases with pressure.
    Transition temp. at 1atm. = 96.5°C
    and at 1288 atm. = 151°C
    Reason:- Density of SR = 2.07 g/cm3
    and SM = 1.96g/ cm3
    According to Le Chatelier’s principle when we increase pressure, equilibrium
    shifted to that direction where volume is less,
    Volume of SR is less than SM Hence when we increase pressure, transition
    temp. also increases.
    7
    5. CE curve (Melting curve of SM )

    SM and SL present in equilibrium


    SM ⇌ SL
    P= 2, F= 1

    slope of CE curve is away from pressure axis which shows that m.p. pf S M
    increases with pressure

    m.p. at 1 atm. = 120°C


    at 1288 atm. = 151°C

    8
    Metastable curves :-
    1. BH - metastable sublimation curve of S R

    SR ⇌ SV
    P= 2, F=1
    point H = 115°C, m.p. of SR at 1 atm.
    2. CH - metastable vapour pressure curve of S L
    SL ⇌ SV
    P= 2 , F = 1
    3. HE – metastable melting curve of SR
    S R ⇌ SL
    P=2, F=1
    This curve shows that m.p. of SR increases with pressure
    at 1 atm. = 115°C
    and at 1288 atm. = 151°C
    9
    EG curve
    Regular melting curve of SR

    Triple points
    Point Phases F Temp. & Pressure
    B -Transition Temp. of SR , SM SR , SV , SM = 3 0 96.5°C at 1 atm.
    C – Melting Point of SM SM , SV , SL = 3 0 120°C at 1 atm.
    E SR , SM , SL = 3 0 151°C at 1288 atm.
    H – Metastable m.p. of SR SR , SL , SV = 3 0 115°C at 1 atm.

    Triple Points are Invariant System

    10
    Areas
    1. ABEG – Phase – SR
    P=1, F=2, bivariant System

    2. DCEG – Phase – SL
    P=1, F=2, bivariant System

    3. ABCD – Phase SV
    P=1, F=2, bivariant System

    4. BCE – Phase SM
    P=1, F=2, bivariant System
    To Explain any point in area we required both variable pressure and temp.

    11
    Thank You
    Upma Shrivastava
    Asstt. Prof.
    Govt. V.Y.T.PG.Auto.College
    Durg
    Chhattisgarh

    12

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