Ashoka Entrance Exam 2020: Statistics Questions

Ashoka Entrance Exam 2020
Disclaimer: This question paper is just a recollection of the questions that have appeared in the
exam. Some of the question or options might be wrong. This is not an exhaustive list.
Statistics Questions
1) A company conducts a survey where 30% of the population is male. 40% of the male
respondents have watched the company’s advertisement and 60% of the female
respondents have watched the company’s advertisement. What is the probability that the
person who has watched the advertisement is female?
2) Suppose 𝜇̅ and 𝜇̂ are estimators of population mean 𝜇. If 𝜇̅ is an efficient estimator
compared to 𝜇̂ , then which of the following statements is true:
a. Variance of 𝜇̅ is less than variance of 𝜇̂
b. Both estimators are unbiased and variance of 𝜇̅ is less than variance of 𝜇̂
c. *
d. *
3) A restaurant takes in reservations for a weeknight. There is a 20% probability that a
customer who books a reservation does not show up. The restaurant has a total capacity of
serving 50 reservations. It books a total of 52 reservations. What is the probability that the
restaurant will be able to accommodate all its customers on the weeknight?
4) Let 𝑦 be a random variable with probability distribution function
𝑦
𝑓𝑦 (𝑦) = ∀ 0 ≤ 𝑦 ≤ 2
2
Let 𝑥 be another random variable such that 𝑥 = 𝑎 + 𝑏𝑦. If the lower quartile of 𝑋 is 0 and
the upper quartile of 𝑋 is 1, then what are the values of 𝑎 and b?
5) Let X be a random variable which follows the normal distribution with mean 125 and
standard deviation 8. What is the probability that the random variable takes vales greater
than 137? (given: 𝑃(𝑍 ≤ 1.5) = 0.9332)
6) Suppose out of the total payments taking place in the economy, 𝜆 is the proportion of
payments taking place through pay-tm and the rest through cash. We take a survey of 𝑛
respondents to determine the value 𝜆. From the survey we have calculated an estimate 𝜆̂.
For 𝑛 large, what is the probability distribution of 𝜆̂ ?
7) A six-sided dice is thrown thrice. What is the probability that the sum of the three dice is at
least 5?
8) Mr. S, a crime detective, has been hired to solve a murder mystery. There are two suspects,
the Barber and the Gardener. From his experience, 70% of the time, the barber is guilty.
There is one witness to this crime, the Butler. The Butler says that the Barber is guilty. From
his experience Mr S knowns that the witness to the crime lies 40% of the time. What is the
probability that the Gardener is guilty? *
9) We are at the semi-final of a football world championship. The countries who have qualified
the quarter finals are Sweden, Germany, Mexico and South Korea. In the semi finals Sweden
is going to play Mexico and Germany is going to play South Korea. If Sweden wins the match,
Germany must win its game to qualify to the finals. If Sweden draws or loses the match,
Germany must not lose in order to qualify to the finals. What is the probability that Germany
*Not sure whether this is accurate

qualifies to the final, given that Sweden loses its match? All possible outcomes of the game
are equally likely.
10) In a bag there are 𝑛 balls, some are red and some are black. The proportion of red balls in
the bag is a random variable 𝜃̂ ~ 𝑈[0,1]. A sample of 78 balls is taken from the bag. What is
the expected value of the number of red balls in the sample?
Mathematics Questions
1) Which of the following functions is homothetic? ℱ: ℝ2 → ℝ

2 2
a. 𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) = 𝑒 𝑥 𝑦 𝑒 𝑦 𝑥
b. 𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) = 𝑥 3 𝑦 6 + 15𝑥 2 𝑦 4 + 75𝑥𝑦 2 + 125
c. 𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) = 2𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑥 + 3𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑦
d. None of the above*
2) ℱ: ℝ → ℝ 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥|𝑥| Which of the following is true
a. 𝑓(𝑥) is not differentiable at 𝑥 = 0
b. 𝑓(𝑥) is not continuous at 𝑥 = 0
c. 𝑓(𝑥) is continuous and differentiable everywhere
3) ℱ: (−2,2) → ℝ is a continuous and differentiable function with 𝑓(0) = −3. If 𝑓 ′(𝑥) ≤
5 ∀ 𝑥 ∈ 𝐷𝑓 , then what is the maximum value of 𝑓(1) ?
a. 13
b. 2
c. 8
d. 1
(𝑎𝑥−𝑏)2
4) lim =
𝑥→∞ (𝑎−𝑥)(𝑏−𝑥)
2
a. 𝑎
𝑎
b.
𝑎+𝑏
2𝑎 2
c.
2−(𝑎+𝑏)
d. ∞*
(𝑥−1) (𝑥+2)
5) ℱ: ℝ → ℝ 𝑓(𝑥) = (𝑥−𝑎) + (𝑥+𝑎) For how many values of 𝑎 is the function continuous
everywhere?
a. 2 values
b. 1 value
c. 4 values
d. 5 values
e.
6) ℱ: ℝ → ℝ 𝑓(𝑥) = |𝑥 − 3| + |𝑥 + 4|
a. 𝑓(𝑥) is continuous everywhere*
b. 𝑓(𝑥) is differentiable*
c. *
d. *

7) ℱ: ℝ → ℝ 𝑓(𝑥) = −2𝑥 3 + 3𝑥 2 + 36𝑥 − 5. Which of the following statements are true
1 1
a. 𝑓(𝑥) is convex for 𝑥 ≥ 2 and concave for 𝑥 ≤ 2
1 1
b. 𝑓(𝑥) is convex for 𝑥 ≤ 2 and concave for 𝑥 ≥ 2
c. 𝑓(𝑥) is convex for 𝑥 ≤ 2 and concave for 𝑥 ≥ −3
8) Solve the following limit
√1 + 2𝑥 − √1 + 3𝑥
𝑙𝑖𝑚
𝑥→∞ 𝑥 + 2𝑥 2
1
a. 2
1
b. − 2
c. 0
d. ∞
9) Let 𝑆1 = {(𝑥, 𝑦)|2𝑥 + 𝑦 ≤ 1} and 𝑆2 = {(𝑥, 𝑦)|𝑥 + 2𝑦 ≤ 1}. Solve the following
maximization problem for nonnegative values of 𝑥 and 𝑦, ℱ: ℝ2 → ℝ
max 𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) = 𝑥𝑦
𝑥,𝑦
𝑠. 𝑡(𝑥, 𝑦) ∈ 𝑆1 ∪ 𝑆2
1 1
a. 𝑥 = , 𝑦 =
4 2
1 1
b. 𝑥 = 2
,𝑦 = 4
1 1 1 1
c. 𝑥 = ,𝑦 = and 𝑥 = , 𝑦 =
4 2 2 4
1 1
d. 𝑥 = 3
,𝑦 = 3
10) ℱ: [−1,1] → ℝ Let 𝑓(−𝑥) = −𝑓(𝑥). What is the value of the following integral:
1
∫ 𝑓(𝑥)
−1
1
a. 2
1
b. − 2
c. 0
d. 1
11) Solve the following maximization problem ℱ: ℝ2 → ℝ
𝑚𝑎𝑥 𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) = 2𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2
𝑥,𝑦
𝑠. 𝑡 𝑥 + 2𝑦 = 5 , 𝑥 ≥ 0, 𝑦 ≥ 0
a. 𝑥 = 5, 𝑦 = 0
b. 𝑥 = 0, 𝑦 = 2.5
5 20
c. 𝑥 = 9 , 𝑦 = 9
d. 𝑥 = 1 , 𝑦 = 2

12) Find the sum of the eigen values of the following matrix
−1 −2 −1
[−2 3 2]
−1 2 −3
a. −1
b. 10
12
c. 7
d. 3
13) Evaluate the following limit
𝑛2
𝑙𝑖𝑚
𝑛→∞ 𝑛!
a. 0
b. 1
c. ∞
d. *
14) Consider the sequence of numbers 𝑎𝑛 such that 𝑎1 = 2, 𝑎𝑛+1 = 𝑎𝑛2 − 𝑎𝑛 + 1. Evaluate the
1
following series: ∑∞
𝑛=1 𝑎𝑛
a. The series converges to sum 0
b. The series diverges
c. The series converges to sum 1
d. The series converges to sum 2
15) A college student exercises for a total of 𝑥 hours in a day. Her level of satisfaction can be
measured by the following function:
𝑓(𝑥) = 4𝑥 3 − 12𝑥 2 + 10𝑥 + 1
The student does not strictly prefer to exercise more than 1.4 hours in a day. What will be
(approx.) her optimum choice of exercise in hours?
a. 1.4
b. 0.6
c. 0.5
d. 1
𝑥+√3
16) Let ℱ: ℝ → ℝ 𝑓(𝑥) = Find 𝑓(𝑓(𝑥))
1−√3𝑥
17) Let 𝑥 ∈ ℝ Find a range of values for 𝑥, such that it satisfies the following inequality
||𝑥| − 1| < 1 − 𝑥
a. (0, ∞)
b. (−∞, 0)
c. (−1,1)
d. (−∞, 0]
18) Let Z, U, V be three functions defined on the real number space,
𝑍(𝑢, 𝑣) = 𝑢7 + 2𝑣 6 , 𝑈(𝑥) = 𝑥 3 + 3, 𝑉(𝑥) = 𝑥 2 − 1
𝑑𝑧
What is the derivative of Z at x, i.e =?
𝑑𝑥
19) Which of the following is a convex set?
a. {(𝑥, 𝑦)|𝑥 + 2𝑦 = 1, 𝑥 ≥ 0, 𝑦 ≥ 0}
b. {(𝑥, 𝑦)|𝑥 + 2𝑦 ≤ 1, 𝑥 ≥ 0, 𝑦 ≥ 0}
c. {(𝑥, 𝑦)|𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 ≤ 1, 𝑥 ≥ 0, 𝑦 ≥ 0}
d. All three above
20) **There was a question that was based on 𝑓 −1 (𝑆1 ∪ 𝑆2 )

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Ashoka Entrance Exam 2020

*Not sure whether this is accurate

1) Which of the following functions is homothetic? ℱ: ℝ2 → ℝ

*Not sure whether this is accurate

*Not sure whether this is accurate

*Not sure whether this is accurate

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