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    Distinguish Between or Distinction Tests in Organic Chemistry

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    seru
    The document distinguishes between various organic compounds using characteristic chemical tests. It discusses tests to differentiate between alkyl/aryl halides, ethylidene chloride and ethylene dichloride, chloroform and related compounds, alcohols and ethers, aldehydes and ketones, amines based on primary/secondary/tertiary structure, nitro compounds, nitriles, and more. A series of tables list the compounds and their expected reactions to common tests like silver nitrate, Lucas reagent, iodoform formation, Tollens' reagent and others.

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    Distinguish Between or Distinction Tests in Organic Chemistry

    Uploaded by

    seru
    41 views12 pages
    The document distinguishes between various organic compounds using characteristic chemical tests. It discusses tests to differentiate between alkyl/aryl halides, ethylidene chloride and ethylene dichloride, chloroform and related compounds, alcohols and ethers, aldehydes and ketones, amines based on primary/secondary/tertiary structure, nitro compounds, nitriles, and more. A series of tables list the compounds and their expected reactions to common tests like silver nitrate, Lucas reagent, iodoform formation, Tollens' reagent and others.

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    Distinction tests OC

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    The document distinguishes between various organic compounds using characteristic chemical tests. It discusses tests to differentiate between alkyl/aryl halides, ethylidene chloride and ethylene dichloride, chloroform and related compounds, alcohols and ethers, aldehydes and ketones, amines based on primary/secondary/tertiary structure, nitro compounds, nitriles, and more. A series of tables list the compounds and their expected reactions to common tests like silver nitrate, Lucas reagent, iodoform formation, Tollens' reagent and others.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    41 views12 pages

    Distinguish Between or Distinction Tests in Organic Chemistry

    Uploaded by

    seru
    The document distinguishes between various organic compounds using characteristic chemical tests. It discusses tests to differentiate between alkyl/aryl halides, ethylidene chloride and ethylene dichloride, chloroform and related compounds, alcohols and ethers, aldehydes and ketones, amines based on primary/secondary/tertiary structure, nitro compounds, nitriles, and more. A series of tables list the compounds and their expected reactions to common tests like silver nitrate, Lucas reagent, iodoform formation, Tollens' reagent and others.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    of 12

    Distinguish between or Distinction Tests in Organic Chemistry

    I. R – Cl vs R – Br vs R – I (R  alkyl or aryl)

    SNo. Test R – Cl R – Br R–I


    a) Dil
    AgNO3

    b) NH4OH
    test

    II. Ethylidene chloride (Geminal) vs Ethylene Dichloride (Vicinal)

    SNo. Test

    a) Aq KOH test
    (Hydrolysis)
    III. CHCl3 vs CH 3Cl/CCl4/CH3OH

    CH3Cl/CCl4/CH3OH
    SNo. Test CHCl3
    a) Carbylamine
    test
    No reaction

    IV. CH3 – CH2 – OH (Alcohol) vs CH3 – O – CH3 (Ether)

    SNo. Test CH3 – CH2 – OH CH3 – O – CH3


    a) Na metal test

    b) Iodoform test
    (for alcohols
    having
    CH3 –CH – OH)

    V.

    SNo. Test
    Grade 12

    a) Lucas Turbidity appears on Turbidity appears Turbidity appears No appearance of


    Test heating within in 5 – 10 spontaneously turbidity
    (Conc. min.
    HCl +
    anhyd
    ZnCl2

    b) Iodofor
    m test

    c) Br2
    water
    test

    d) Neutral
    FeCl3
    Test

    e) Litmus Turns blue litmus red


    Test
    Grade 12

    Victor
    f) Meyer
    Test

    VI.

    SNo. Test

    a) Litmus Test Turns blue Litmus to red

    b) Neutral FeCl3
    test
    Grade 12

    c) Iodoform Test

    VII. HCHO vs CH3CHO

    SNo. Test HCHO CH3CHO


    a) Iodoform test

    Liquor
    b)
    Ammonia Test

    VIII.

    SNo. Test
    CH3CHO
    Grade 12

    a) Iodoform
    test

    b) Tollen’s
    reagent
    (amm.
    silver
    nitrate)

    c) Fehling's
    solution
    (copper
    sulphate + Oxidation is
    sodium very difficult
    potassium
    tartarate )
    Grade 12

    IX.

    SNo. Test

    a) Tollen’s
    test

    b) Fehling’
    s
    Solution
    test

    c) NaHCO
    3 test
    Grade 12

    d) Neutral
    FeCl3
    test

    X.

    SNo. Test R – NH2

    a) Bromine
    water

    b) Neutral FeCl3
    Grade 12

    c) Carbylamine
    test

    d) Azo Dye Text Azo dye formed is


    unstable, so cannot be
    removed from solution

    XI. R – NH2 vs R2NH vs R3N

    SNo. Test R – NH2 R2NH R 3N


    (1° amine) (2° amine)
    Grade 12

    a) Carbylamine
    Test

    b) Nitrous Acid
    Test

    c) Hinsberg’s
    Test
    [Hinsberg’s
    Reagent is a
    mixture of
    (i) Benzene
    sulphonyl
    chloride,
    (ii) KOH, and
    (iii) HCl

    XII.
    Grade 12

    SNo. Test R – NH2

    a) Litmus Test No response to litmus Red litmus changes to Blue

    b) Carbylamine test

    XIII. RNO2 vs RONO

    SNo. Test R – NO2 RONO


    a) Reduction
    (Sn/HCl)

    b) NaOH Form’s soluble sodium salt. Readily hydrolysed to give


    corresponding alcohol and sodium
    nitrite.

    XIV. RCN vs RNC

    SNo. Test R – NO2 RONO


    a) Solubility in Soluble Insoluble
    water
    b) Reduction
    followed by
    nitrous acid
    treatment
    Grade 12

    c) Hydrolysis

    d) Heating No effect Alkyl cyanide is formed

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