02 C#ProgrammingBasics

Web Application Development Using ASP.
NET
Lectures & Exercises
CHAPTER II: C# PROGRAMMING BASICS
2.1 Control Events and Handlers

 Most ASP.Net pages will contain controls such as textboxes and buttons that
will allow the user to interact with them.
 When some action is performed, the control will raise an event (call handler
code)
2.1.1 Control Events and Subroutines
 When an event is raised, handler code is called.
For Example:
Button Control Events…
 OnClick – when user clicks a button

 OnCommand – When user clicks button
 OnLoad – When page first loads and button loads
 OnInit – When button is initialized
 OnPreReader- just before button is drawn
 OnUnload – When button is unloaded from memory
 OnDisposed – when button is released from memory
 OnDataBinding – When button is bound to a data source
By: Jefferson A. Costales, MIT, IBM -CDA, MCTS, ZCE, OCE Chapter 2 of 14
Web Application Development Using ASP.NET
2.1.2 Components of a Subroutine

 The access specifier defines the scope of the subroutine.
 public is a global subroutine that can be used anywhere.
 Private is available in a specific class.
 Most subroutines will be public.
 Designates the data type of the value to be returned from the subroutine.
 void says the block of code does not return a value
 Other data types could be returned
 Names the subroutine or event handler
 Parameters allow information to be passed into the subroutine so it can

be used or modified.
 Object s is the object to which this event belongs
 Object is the base class for every class in C#
 EventArgs e allows an array of information to be passes as one
parameter
2.2 Page Events

 Every ASP.Net page has a page object with events associated with it
 These events are fired in sequential order:
 Page_Init – called when page is to be initialized
 Page_Load- called once browser request has been processed
 Page_PreRender- called once all objects on page have reacted to browser
request
 Page_UnLoad- called once page is ready to be discarded
2.3 Variables and Declarations

 Variables are data that allows the programmer to store, modify, and retrieve data.
 Variables have a name, called an identifier.
 A variable declaration contains the data type and name of the variable.
 A variable can also be initialized when it is declared.
2.3.1 Common Variable Types
2.4 Arrays
 Arrays allow a group of elements of a specific type to be stored in a contiguous
block of memory
 Each item in the array had an offset called an index
 Derived from System.Array
 C# arrays are zero-based
 Can be multidimensional
 Arrays know their length(s) and rank
 Bounds checking is automatic
 Declare
 Allocate
 Initialize
 Access and assign
2.5 Operators in C#
 C# provides a fixed set of operators, whose meaning is defined for the predefined
types
 Some operators can be overloaded (e.g. +)
 The following table summarizes the C# operators by category
 Categories are in order of decreasing precedence
 Operators in each category have the same precedence
2.5.1 Operators and Precedence
2.6 Statement Syntax

 Statements are terminated with a semicolon (;)
 Just like C, C++ and Java
 Block statements { ... } don’t need a semicolon
2.6.1 Expression Statements

 Statements must do work
 Assignment, method call, ++, --, new
2.7 Conditional Statement

2.7.1 If... If else… else if…. Statement
 Requires a bool expression
 Like C, C++ and Java, beware of dangling elses!
2.7.2 Switch Statement

 Can branch on any predefined type (including string) or enum
 Must explicitly state how to end case
 With break, goto case, goto label, return, throw or continue
 Not needed if no code supplied after the label
2.8 Looping Statement

2.8.1 while Statement
 Requires bool expression
2.8.2 for Statement

 Just like C++ and Java.
2.8.3 foreach Statement

 Iteration through arrays or collections foreach allows “read only” access
to items in a collection
2.9 Jump Statements

 break
 Exit inner-most loop
 continue
 End iteration of inner-most loop
 goto <label>
 Transfer execution to label statement
 return [<expression>]
 Exit a method
 throw
 Used in exception handling
2.10 Namespaces
 Namespaces provide a way to uniquely identify a type
 Provides logical organization of types
 Namespaces can span assemblies
 Can nest namespaces
 There is no relationship between namespaces and file structure (unlike Java)
 The fully qualified name of a type includes all namespaces
 The using statement lets you use types without typing the fully qualified name
 Can always use a fully qualified name
 Best practice: Put all of your types in a unique namespace

 Have a namespace for your company, project, product, etc.
 Look at how the .NET Framework classes are organized
2.10.1 Namespaces in .Net

 To use certain features .Net we can import the namespace into our
ASP.Net page
 For example, if you want to access an SQL database from a web page
you would import “System.Data.SQLClient” (more on this later)
2.11 Key Object-Oriented Concepts

 Objects, instances and classes
 Identity
 Every instance has a unique identity, regardless of
its data
 Encapsulation
 Data and function are packaged together
 Information hiding
 An object is an abstraction
 User should NOT know implementation details
2.11.1 Instantiating a Class

 Use the new operator to create an object of a class
 Properties and methods of the object can now be accessed
2.11.2 Scope
 Encapsulation hides certain properties and methods inside the class
 Some class members need to be accessed from outside the
class. These are made public
 Those that are hidden from the outside are private
 Those that can only be accessed through inheritance are
protected
2.12 Inheritance in C#
2.13 Code-Behind
2.13.1 Code-Behind Example

 sample.aspx contains page layout and static content
 sample.aspx inherits from the class Sample
 The definition of class Sample is in the Sample.cs file
Exercise No. 2 Grade: ______________
Time: ____Minutes Time Started: ________

Directory Folder: C:\inetpub\wwwroot\LNFNMI\ Time Finished: ________
File Names: Exer2Reserv.aspx

Exer2_1.aspx (2nd link page)
Exer2_r1.aspx (1st page of the room)
Exer2_r2.aspx (2nd page of the room)
Exer2_r3.aspx (3rd page of the room)
Exer2RegiCaptcha.aspx
Files to use: 02_Exer2Materials.zip
Design and create a Web site for J.CO’s Cottages Reservation System. Your
home Web page must include an image or a background picture along with a nicely
formatted logo of the company name. Include a link to a second page that lists each of
the room names as a link. The link for each room should describe the price and amenities
for the room and/or show an image for the room (images of your choice).
Note: This is a Web page; make it attractive, Use Web Controls, CSS, and AJAX for
reservation, then after selecting reserve now, it automatically redirect to the registration
page. (Customize your registration page with captcha).

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Web Application Development Using ASP.

CHAPTER II: C# PROGRAMMING BASICS

2.1 Control Events and Handlers

 OnClick – when user clicks a button

2.1.2 Components of a Subroutine

 Names the subroutine or event handler

 Parameters allow information to be passed into the subroutine so it can

2.2 Page Events

2.3 Variables and Declarations

2.3.1 Common Variable Types

 Access and assign

2.5.1 Operators and Precedence

2.6 Statement Syntax

2.6.1 Expression Statements

2.7 Conditional Statement

2.7.2 Switch Statement

2.8 Looping Statement

2.8.2 for Statement

2.8.3 foreach Statement

2.9 Jump Statements

 Best practice: Put all of your types in a unique namespace

2.10.1 Namespaces in .Net

2.11 Key Object-Oriented Concepts

2.11.1 Instantiating a Class

2.13.1 Code-Behind Example

Exercise No. 2 Grade: ______________

Time: ____Minutes Time Started: ________

File Names: Exer2Reserv.aspx

Files to use: 02_Exer2Materials.zip

page. (Customize your registration page with captcha).

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Time: Minutes Time Started: ____