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    Pamee Bautista
    1) The document defines various units used to measure volume, pressure, and temperature including liters, pascals, degrees Celsius, and kelvins. 2) It summarizes several gas laws including Boyle's law, Charles' law, Gay-Lussac's law, Avogadro's law, and the combined gas law which relate the volume, pressure, temperature and amount of gas. 3) Sample problems demonstrate how to use the gas laws and their equations to calculate unknown values like volume or pressure given certain known parameters.

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    Science Reviewer

    Uploaded by

    Pamee Bautista
    613 views3 pages
    1) The document defines various units used to measure volume, pressure, and temperature including liters, pascals, degrees Celsius, and kelvins. 2) It summarizes several gas laws including Boyle's law, Charles' law, Gay-Lussac's law, Avogadro's law, and the combined gas law which relate the volume, pressure, temperature and amount of gas. 3) Sample problems demonstrate how to use the gas laws and their equations to calculate unknown values like volume or pressure given certain known parameters.

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    1) The document defines various units used to measure volume, pressure, and temperature including liters, pascals, degrees Celsius, and kelvins. 2) It summarizes several gas laws including Boyle's law, Charles' law, Gay-Lussac's law, Avogadro's law, and the combined gas law which relate the volume, pressure, temperature and amount of gas. 3) Sample problems demonstrate how to use the gas laws and their equations to calculate unknown values like volume or pressure given certain known parameters.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    613 views3 pages

    Science Reviewer

    Uploaded by

    Pamee Bautista
    1) The document defines various units used to measure volume, pressure, and temperature including liters, pascals, degrees Celsius, and kelvins. 2) It summarizes several gas laws including Boyle's law, Charles' law, Gay-Lussac's law, Avogadro's law, and the combined gas law which relate the volume, pressure, temperature and amount of gas. 3) Sample problems demonstrate how to use the gas laws and their equations to calculate unknown values like volume or pressure given certain known parameters.

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    Volume (V) Absolute Celsius scale Kelvin Scale

    Zero -273 0
     Si unit in Liters (L)
    - 1liter = 1000ml Freezing Point 0
    - 1 ml = 1 cubic cm Of Water degree 273
    - 1 cubic m = 1000 cubic cm Boiling Point 100
    373
    Pressure is the force exerted per unit area Of Water degrees

    P= f / a
    ℃ = 5/9 (℉ - 32) ℉ = (9/5*℃) + 32 K= ℃ +
    = n / m2 = 1 pa 273
    1n = 1kg m/s2 5/9 = 0.56 9/5 = 1.8
     P symbol – Si unit is in Pascal Pa Operating & Process (O.P.)
     P = force / area
     P = (mass)(acceleration) / area + & - (Transposition)

    CONVERSION FACTOR × (Divided both sides)

    1atm (atmosphere) = 760 mmHg (millimetres of ÷ (Criss-cross)


    mercury) = 760torr (Evangilista torrcelli) =
    Transposition (+&-) Dividing both sides Criss-cross
    1.01325bar = 101.325
    a=b+c a= bc b = a/c
    kPa (kilopascal) = 101.325 x 10 E3 N.m-2
    Unknown = b Unknown = b Unknown = a
    Evangilista torrcelli – Italian physicist and
    mathematician b=a–c b = a/c a = bc
    APPARATUS USED TO MEASURE

     Barometer – used to measure atmospheric


    pressure
     Manometer – used to measure gas pressure
     Closed-tube manometer – used to measure
    pressure below atmospheric pressure
     Open-tube manometer – is used to measure
    pressure equal to or greater than the atmospheric
    pressure

    Temperature (T)

    - The amount of kinetic energy


    - Anders Celsius (Degree Celsius)
    - William Thomson / Lord Kelvin (Kelvin) Si unit
    - Gabriel Daniel Fahrenheit (Degree Fahrenheit)
    BOYLE’S LAW: VOLUME AND PRESSURE Equation: V2 = V1T2 Solution:
    RELATIONSHIP
    T1 = (2.75L)(318K)
    Anglo – Irish Chemist Robert Boyle, which states that
    “the volume of a given mass of gas held at constant 291K
    temperature is inversely proportional to its temperature” = 874.5
    FORMULA: P1 V1 = P2 V2 291
    PROBLEM 1 =3.01L
    Freon In an air-conditioning unit has a volume of 0.30L. GAY LUSSAC’S LAW: TEMPARATURE AND
    it is allowed to function in a room where pressure is PRESSURE RELATIONSHIP
    about 628 mmHg assuming that the temperature is in a
    constant state and the final pressure of Freon when it’s French chemist and physicist Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac
    volume is increased to 0.95L He is known mostly for his discovery that water is made
    of two parts hydrogen and one part oxygen.
    Given: Solution:
    FORMULA: P1/T1 = P2/T2
    V1 = 0.30L = (628mmHg)(0.30L)
    PROBLEM 1:
    P1 = 628 mmHg 0.95L
    The pressure in an automobile tire is 1.88atm at 25.0℃.
    V2 = 0.95L = 198.32mmHg What will be the pressure if the temperature warms up to
    Unknown: P2 37.0℃?

    Equation: P2 = P1V1 Given:

    V2 P1 = 1.88atm

    CHARLE’S LAW: VOLUME AND TEMPERATURE T1 = 25.0℃


    RELATIONSHIP T2 = 37.0℃
    French physicist Jacques Alexandre César Charles wrote Unknown: P2
    almost nothing about mathematics. Also a member of the
    Paris Academy of Sciences. Equation: P2= P1T1

    FORMULA: V1/T1 = V2/T2 T2

    PROBLEM 1: Solution:

    A balloon full of air has a volume of 2.75L at a = (1.88atm)(298K)


    temperature of 18℃. What is the balloon’s volume at
    45℃? 310K

    Given: =560.24

    V1 = 2.75L 310

    T1 = 18℃ =1.81atm

    T2 = 45 ℃

    Unknown: V2
    COMBINED GAS LAW:BOYLE'S LAW, AVOGADRO’S LAW: VOLUME AND
    CHARLES' LAW, AND GAY-LUSSAC'S LAW. MOLECULES RELATIONSHIP

    It states that the ratio of the product of pressure and Amedeo Avogadro is an Italian scientist. Avogadro's law
    volume and the absolute temperature of a gas is equal to states that "equal volumes of all gases, at the same
    a constant. temperature and pressure, have the same number of
    molecules."
    FORMULA: P1V1/T1 = P2V2/T2
    FORMULA: V1/n1 = V2/n2
    STP:
    PROBLEM 1:
    T = 0℃, 273K, 32℉
    A sample with 0.15 moles of gas has a volume of 2.5L.
    P = 1atm, 101325kPa, 760 mmHg, 760torr, 14.7 P What is the volume if the sample is increased to
    0.55mole?
    PROBLEM 1:
    Given: Unknown: V2
    Solution of the last e.g.
    n1 = 0.15mol Equation: V2 = V1n2
    Given: Unknown: V2
    V1 = 2.5L n1
    P1 = 99.3 kPa Equation: V2 = P1V1T2
    n2 = 0.55mol
    V1 = 350 cm3 T1
    Solution:
    T1 = 22 ℃
    = (2.5L)(0.55mol)
    P2 = 101325kPa
    0.15mol
    T2 = 273K
    = 1.375
    Solution:
    0.15
    = (99300kPa)(0.35L)(273K)
    =9.16 L
    (101325kPa)(295K)

    = 9488115L

    29890875

    = 0.32L

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