Profit and Loss Questions Easy Part 1 PDF

BOOST UP PDFS | Quantitative Aptitude | Profit & Loss
(Easy Level Part-1)

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1. Devi purchased a car for Rs. 25000 and sold it for c. loss of Rs. 648
Rs. 34800. What is the percent profit she made on the d. profit of Rs. 648
car? e. None of these
a.40% 4. When a article is sold for Rs.3400, there is a loss of
b.39.2% 2%. What is the cost price of the commodity?
c.38.4% a. Rs 3500.50
d.38% b. Rs 3200
e. None of these c. Rs 3400.56
2. A loss of 10% is made by selling an article. Had it d. Rs 3469.34
been sold for Rs 75 more, there would have been a 5. The profit earned after selling an article for Rs.
profit of 5%. What would be the selling price of the 1516 is the same as loss incurred after selling the
article if it is sold at 15% profit? article for Rs. 1112. What is the cost price of the
a. Rs 475 article?
b. Rs 520 a. Rs. 1314
c. Rs 575 b. Rs. 1343
d. Rs 425 c. Rs. 1414
e. None of these d. Rs. 1434
3. Ramya purchased a bike for Rs.54000. He sold it at e. None of these
a loss of 8 percent. With that money, he again 6. The sale price of an article including the sale tax is
purchased another bike and sold it at a profit of 10 Rs. 616. The rate of sale tax is 10% . If the
percent. What is his overall loss/profit? shopkeeper has made a profit of 12%, the cost price
a. loss of Rs. 657 of the article is [The Pearson Guide book]
b. profit of Rs. 567 a. Rs 500
Page 1 of 14
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(Easy Level Part-1)
b. Rs 515 10. Shan bought 30 liters of milk at the rate of Rs.8

c. Rs 550 per liter. He got it churned after spending Rs.10 and
d. Rs 600 5kg of cream and 30 liter of toned milk were
7. Sika purchased an item for Rs. 9600 and sold it for obtained. If he sold the cream at Rs.30 per kg and
a loss of 5 percent. From the money, she purchased toned milk at Rs.4 per liter, his profit in the
another item and sold it for a gain of 5 percent. What transaction is?
is her overall gain/loss? a.20%
a. loss of Rs. 36 b.8%
b. profit of Rs. 24 c.30%
c. loss of Rs. 56 d.40%
d. profit of Rs. 54 11. Lokesh bought an article for Rs.2500.He spent
e. None of these Rs.320 on its shopping. He then sold it for Rs. 4089.
8. A man sold a wristwatch for Rs. 2400 at a loss of What was the percent profit he gained in this
25%. At what rate should he have sold the transaction?
wristwatch, to earn a profit of 25%. a.38%
a. Rs. 3600 b.45%
b. Rs. 4000 c.46%
c. Rs. 3500 d.35%
d. Rs. 3800 e. None of these
e. None of these 12. A shopkeeper allows 2% discount and gives 1
9. Kala purchased an item of Rs. 46000 and sold it at article free on purchase of 6 articles. He earns 40%
loss of 12 percent. With that amount, she purchased profit during the transaction. By what percent above
another item and sold it at a gain of 12 percent. What the cost price he marked his good?
was her overall gain/loss? a.50%
a. loss of Rs. 662.40 b.60%
b. profit of Rs. 662.40 c. 42 (6/7)%
c. loss of Rs. 642.80 d. 66 (2/3)%
d. profit of Rs. 642.80 e. None of these
e. None of these
Page 2 of 14
(Easy Level Part-1)
13. Jaga bought a refrigerator with 20% discount on b. Rs 90, Rs 40

the labeled price. Had he bought at it with 30% c. Rs 80, Rs 40
discount, he would have saved Rs. 500 more. At what d. Rs 50, Rs 40
price did he buy the refrigerator? 17. The difference between the cost price and sale
a. Rs 5000 price of an article is Rs. 500 if the profit is 20%. The
b. Rs 10,000 selling price is?
c. Rs 12,500 a. Rs 4000
d. Rs 15,000 b. Rs 1500
14. A trader bought 8 kg of rice at Rs 10 per kg. c. Rs 3000
While selling he uses false weights of 1600 gm instead d. Rs 3300
of 2 kg. What profit did he make by selling 8 kg of 18. Due to reduction of 20% in price of pens a
rice bought? customer can purchase 5 more pens for Rs. 40. What
a. Rs 18 is the original price of a pen?
b. Rs 30 a. Rs 5
c. Rs 20 b. Rs 3
d. Rs 26 c. Rs 2
e. Rs 33 d. Rs 6
15. Two mobiles are sold at same price. If on one, a e. Rs 8
profit of 25% is made and on another, a loss of 10% 19. The selling price of an article by two different
is incurred, find the net profit/loss%? vendors is Rs.960. and profit earned is 25%. One
a. 10 62/99% vendor counts his profit on cost price while other one
b. 15 12/33% counts his profit on selling price. Find the difference
c. 6 14/23% of profit earned by both the vendors?
d. 4 28/43% a. Rs.33
e. 15 1/5% b. Rs.62
16. A discount of 25% on one article is same as a c. Rs.44
discount of 50% on another article .The costs of two d. Rs.50
article can be? e. Rs.48
a. Rs 30, Rs 20
Page 3 of 14
(Easy Level Part-1)
20. If the cost price of 15 articles is equal to the selling Rs.(x+2700). Find the value of x, if to gain a profit of
price of 12 articles, find gain percent? 27.5% she needs to sell the article for Rs.8925?
a.20% a.8500
b.25% b. 7715
c.30% c. 7300
d.21% d. 6685
e. None of these e. 7000
21.An article was purchased for Rs. 78350. Its price 24. A shopkeeper labeled the price of his articles so as
was marked up by 30%. It was sold at a discount of to earn a profit of 30% on the cost price. He then sold
20% on the marked up price. What was the profit the articles by offering a discount of 10% on the
percent on the cost price? labeled price. What is the actual percent profit
a.4% earned in the deal?
b.7% a.18%
c.5% b.15%
d.3% c.20%
e.65% d. cannot be determined
22. A person sold an article at 16 (2/3)% profit on e. None of these
Selling Price. Afterwards when the cost price reduced 25.The marked price of a sofa is 11,500 . The
by 10% then he also reduced the selling price by shopkeeper sold it by allowing 18% discount on the
10%. His percentage of profit on cost price will be? market price and earned 15% profit. What is the cost
a.20% price of the sofa ?
b.21% a. 8000
c.19% b. 8100
d.25% c. 8200
e.26 % d. 8400
23. On selling an article for Rs.(x-1800), Esha 26. After receiving 25% discount on an item, Anil
incurred a loss equal to half of the profit she would needs to pay 2.5% CGST and 2.5% SGST on the
have gained on selling the same article for discounted price . If Anil had got only 20% discount
paid the same tax on discounted price then, he would
Page 4 of 14
(Easy Level Part-1)
have to pay Rs.84 extra. Find the original marked c. 90

price of the item? d. 85
a. Rs.1770 e. 100
b. Rs.1420 30. The ratio of the cost price to the marked price of a
c. Rs.1550 watch is 3:5 and ratio of the percentage profit to the
d. Rs.1600 percentage discount is 5:3.Find the profit percentage?
e. Rs.1125 a.13.34%
27. A man buys a single apple for Rs 25. If he were to b.16.65%
buy a dozen apples, he would have to pay a total c.16.43%
amount of Rs 250. What is approximate Percent d.17.5%
discount he would get on buying a dozen apples? 31.A shopkeeper sells his gods at its CP only. But he
a.32% uses 650 g weight at the place of 1000 g weight for a
b.20% kg. What is his net profit percentage?
c.12% a.55%
d.17% b. 20 1/3%
e. None of these c. 49 2/3%
28.A vendor loses the selling price of 4 apples on d. 53 11/13%
selling 36 apples. His loss percent is e. None of these
a. 12(1/2)% 32. A person sold a Tube light at Rs.85.25 in such a
b. 11(1/2)% way that his percentage profit is the same as the cost
c. 10% price of the Tube light. If he sells it at twice the
d. 9% percentage profit of his previous percentage of the
29.The cost price of an item is Rs.120 and the profit profit then the new selling price will be
percentage is (x+30)% of the cost price. If the cost a. Rs. 110.5
price is increased by 25% and selling price remains b. Rs.115.05
same the profit percentage is (x-20)% . Find the value c. Rs.115.5
of x. d. Rs.110.05
a. 120 33.A shopkeeper buys 12 books at Rs.200 each. He
b. 105 sells 8 books at 15% profit. He marks up the
Page 5 of 14
(Easy Level Part-1)
remaining books by 25% and then offers a discount c. 12.8

of 12%. Find the overall profit percentage? d. 12.6
a.11.11% 37. A shopkeeper sold his article at cost price but he
b.17.27% uses false weight and gives 400gm instead of 600gm.
c.15.23% find his loss or profit percent?
d.10.15% a.62%
e.13.33% b.40%
34. On selling 15 balls at Rs 400 there is loss equal to c.50%
Cost Price of 5 balls. The cost price of a ball is? d.30%
a. 20 e.55%
b. 30 38. Sum of CP’s of two cows is Rs. 39, 000. Both the
c. 40 cows are sold at a profit of 20% and 40% respectively
d. 50 with their SP’s being the same. What is the difference
e. 60 of CP’s of both the cows?
35. A shopkeeper sold an article for Rs.540 and a. Rs. 3,000
earned a profit of 20%. Had the shopkeeper sold the b. Rs. 2, 000
same article after giving a cash back of Rs.’x’ on the c. Rs. 1, 500
selling price he would have still earned a profit of d. Rs. 2, 500
(100/9)% , find the value of x? e. None of these
a. Rs.30 39. The profit earned after selling an article for Rs.
b. Rs.40 1754 is the same as loss incurred after selling the
c. Rs.20 article for Rs. 1492. What is the cost price of the
d. Rs.60 article?
e. Rs.50 a. Rs. 1623
36. The difference in discounts between two b. Rs. 1523
successive discounts of 8% each and a single discount c. Rs. 1689
of 16% on Rs.2000 is d. Rs. 1589
a. 6.4 e. None of these
b. 4.6
Page 6 of 14
(Easy Level Part-1)
40. A man gets a profit of 28% after allowing mixture is sold at 20% profit. Find the selling price
discount of 11(1/9)%. Find how much percent the cost (in rupees) of mixture?
price should be increased to make this Mark Price? a. 82.64
a.40% b. 83.64
b.45% c. 80
c.44% d. 85
d.46% e. 84.56
e.52% 44. The profit earned after selling an article for Rs.
41. A sold an articles at 10% loss on the cost price. He 878 is the same as loss incurred after selling the
had bought it at a discount of 20% on the labeled article for Rs. 636. What is the cost price of the
price. What would have been the percentage loss had article?
he bought it at the labeled price? a. Rs. 797
a.34% b. Rs. 787
b.18% c. Rs. 767
c.28% d. Rs. 757
d.16% e. None of these
e. None of these 45. A seller calculated his intended selling price at 6%
42. Naresh purchase a TV set for Rs. 11250 after get profit on the cost of a product. However, owing to
discount of 10% on the labelled price. He spent Rs. some mistake while selling, the units and tens digits of
150 on transport and Rs. 800 on installation. At what the selling price got interchanged. This reduced the
price the TV be sold so that the profit earned have profit by Rs. 180 and profit percentage to 2.4%.
been 15%? What is the cost price of the product?
a. Rs. 12937.50 a. Rs. 4500
b. Rs. 14030 b. Rs. 5000
c. Rs. 13450 c. Rs. 4750
d. Rs. 15350 d. Rs. 6000
e. None of these e. None of these
43. If 8kg of tea price costing Rs56/kg is blended with 46.A shopkeeper is giving a discount of 20% on the
32kg of tea of Rs69/kg and 25kg of Rs75/kg and the marked price but a customer bargains and the
Page 7 of 14
(Easy Level Part-1)
shopkeeper sells him at Rs. 240 less than he was 49. Mani bough a printer and sold it to Raj for
supposed to sell. If the profit of the shopkeeper is Rs.2160 thereby making a profit of 20%. At what
decreased from 80% to 50% find the marked price of price Mani must sell the printer to earn a profit of
the item. 40%?
a. 1300 a. Rs.2780
b. 1600 b. Rs.2665
c. 1100 c. Rs.2000
d. 1500 d. Rs.2520
e. 1800 e. Rs.2200
47.Article X and Y were sold at 10% and 15% 50. A vendor sells calculators at the rate of Rs. 250
discounts resp. Cost price of both articles was same. each and earns a commission of 20% on each. He also
Find the ratio marked price of the article A and B sells pens at the rate of Rs. 50 each and earns a
resp. if profit earned from article A and B was 8% commission of 10% on each. How much amount of
and 40/3% resp. commission will he earn in three days if he sells 10
a. 7:4 calculators and 5 pen a day?
b. 3:5 a. Rs. 1575
c. 9:10 b. Rs. 1445
d. 5:2 c. Rs. 1550
e. 9:8 d. Rs. 1450
48.Prakash bought a bike at 20% discount on its e. None of these
original price.He sold it with 30% increase on the
price he bought it.The new sale price is by what
percent more than the original price ?
a.4%
b.5%
c.10%
d.22%
e. None of these
Page 8 of 14
(Easy Level Part-1)
Answer Key with Solution ∴ 1112 = x – y ….(2)

Adding both the eqn.
Solution (1-50) => 2x = 2628
1. B => x = Rs. 1314
Profit = 34800 – 25000 = 9800 6. A
% profit = (9800 * 100)/25000 = 39.2% 110% of S.P. = 616
2. C = S.P. = Rs.(616 x 100/110) = Rs.560.
Use shortcut for these type of questions: C.P. = Rs (100/112 x 560)
CP of article = 75 × 100/ [5 – (-10)] (+5 for 5% profit, - = Rs 500
10 for 10% loss) 7. E
So SP at 15% profit = 115/100 * CP = (115/100) * [75 × Loss = (9600 * 5)/100 = 480
100/15] = Rs 575 s.p = 9600 – 480 = 9120
3. D Again, Profit = (9120 * 5)/100 = 456
Loss = (54000 * 8)/100 = Rs. 4320 ∴ s.p = 9120 + 456 = 9576
s.p of bike = 54000 – 4320 = Rs. 49680 Overall Loss = 9600 – 9576 = Rs. 24
Profit = (49680 * 10)/ 100 = Rs. 4968 8. B
s.p of bike = 49680 + 4968 = Rs. 54648 Let c.p = x
Profit = 54648 - 54000 = Rs. 648 s.p = 0.75 * x = 2400
4. D => x = 3200
loss=2% so, Again, Profit = (3200 * 25)/100 = Rs. 800
98%………….3400 s.p = 3200 + 800 = Rs. 4000
100%………..? 9. A
?=(3400×100)/98=3469.34 c.p = 46000
5. A s.p = 12% loss of c.p
Let c.p = Rs x => 12 * 46000/100 = RS. 5520
Profit = Rs y s.p = 46000 – 5520 = Rs. 40480
∴ x + y = s.p Again, Profit = 40480 * 12/100 = Rs. 4857.6
=> 1516 = x + y ….(1) s.p = 40480 + 4857.6 = Rs. 45337.6
When S.P = Rs 1112 then loss = Rs y Loss = 46000 – 45337.6 = Rs. 662.40
Page 9 of 14
(Easy Level Part-1)
10. B On selling each 1600 gms, he makes a profit of Rs 4, so

CP =Rs.(30 x 8 + 10) = Rs.250 on selling 5 * 1600 = 8000 gms or 8 kg, he makes a
SP = Rs. (30 x 5 + 30 x 4) = Rs.270 profit of 5 * 4 = Rs 20
Gain% = (20/250 x 100)% = 8% 15. D
11. B profit 25% = 125, loss 10% = 90. Let SP of each mobile
Total cost price = 2500 + 320 = Rs. 2820 = LCM of (125 and 90) = 2250
Profit = 4089 – 2820 = Rs. 1269 So CP1 = 100/125 * 2250 = Rs 1800, and CP2 = 100/90
% profit = (1269 * 100)/2820 = 45 % * 2250 = Rs 2500
12. D So total SP = 2250+2250 = Rs 4500
Discount=2%=1/50 MP:SP=50:49 Total CP = 1800+2500 = Rs 4300
Profit=40%=2/5=> CP:SP=5:7 So gain% = (4500-4300)/4300 * 100 = 200/43%=4
MP:SP:CP=50:49:35 28/43%
This 35 is the CP of (6+1) hence the CP for 6 will be 30 OR use formula:
(50-30)/30*100= 66 (2/3)% gain/loss% = [100(25 – 10) – 2 (25)(10)] / [(100+25) +
13. A (100-90)] = (1500-500)/215 = + 200/43%
Let the labelled price be Rs.x Then, 16. C
(80% of x)- (70% of x) = 500 Let the costs of the two articles be x and y. Then,
10% of x =500 25% of x = 50% of y
10%………..500 => x/y = 50/25 = 2/1
100%…………? ?= (500 x 100/10) = 5000=x So,x and y must be in the ratio of 2:180 and 40
14. C 17. C
He uses 1600 grams weight instead of 2 kg, means he 120%-100%=20%
makes a profit here. 20%…………………500
That profit% = (2000-1600)/1600 * 100 = 25% 120%…………….?
1 kg or 1000 gm costed him Rs 10. So 1600 gms costs ?=3000
his Rs 16. 18. C
Now on selling each 1600 gms he makes 25% profit. So There is 20% reduction in price. So to keep the total
profit = 25/100 * 16 = Rs 4 amount same, consumption should increase by 20/(100-
20) * 100 = 25%
Page 10 of 14
(Easy Level Part-1)
For 25% (25/100 = 1/4) increase in consumption, =(54-45)/45*100=20%

customer can purchase 5 more pens 23. C
So original price of pens = 4*5 = Rs 20 CP of the article = 8925/1.275 = Rs.7000
So original price of 1 pen = 40/20 = Rs 2 Loss incurred = 7000 – (x-1800) = Rs.(8800 – x)
19. E Profit gained = (x+2700) – 7000 = Rs.(x-4300)
CP of item for first vendor = 960/(100+25)% = Rs.768 (8800-x) = (x-4300)/2
CP of item for second vendor = 960*(100-25)% = 17600-2x=x-4300
Rs.720 3x=21900
Profit for first vendor = 960 – 768 = Rs.192 X=7300
Profit for second vendor = 960 – 720 = Rs.240 24. E
Required Difference = 240 – 192 = Rs.48 Let c.p = 100
20. B Labeled price = (100 * 130)/100 = 130
Let c.p of 1 article = x Discount = (130 * 10)/100 = 13
s.p of 12 articles = c.p of 15 articles = 15x so , s.p = 130 – 13 = 117
∴ s.p of 15 articles = 15 * 15x/12 = 75x/4 ∴ Profit = 117 – 100 = 17
Profit = 75x/4 - 15x = 15x/4 %profit = 17 * 100/100 = 17%
%profit = (15x/4 * 100)/15x = 100/4 = 25% 25. C
21. A 11500×(82/100)×(100/115) = 8200
c.p = 78350 26. D
Marked up price = 78350 * 30/100 = 23505 Total tax = 2.5+2.5 = 5%
s.p = 78350 + 23505 = 101855 Let the original marked price be x. (x*4/5*1.05) –
=> Discount = 101855 * 20/100 = 20371 (x*3/4*1.05) = 84
s.p = 101855 – 20371 = 81484 => x*1.05(4/5-3/4) = 84
Profit = 81484 – 78350 = 3134 => x = Rs.1600
%profit = (3134 * 100)/78350 = 4% 27. D
22. A c.p of an apple = 25
Profit on SP= 1/6 c.p for 12 apple = 12 * 25 = 300
SP:CP=6:5 multiply by 10 for easy calculation= 60:50 Discount = 300 – 250 = 50
60-6 : 50-5=54:45 % Discount = 50 *100/300 = 16.66 = 17%
Page 11 of 14
(Easy Level Part-1)
28. C Now sp = 55+(55×110)/100 = 55+60.50 =115.5

Selling price of 36 apples = Rs.36 33. E
Selling price of 4 oranges = Rs.4 CP of 12 books = 200*12 = Rs. 2400
Loss = 4 SP of 8 books = 8*1.15*200 = Rs.1840
Cost price = 36+4 = 40 MP of each remaining book = 200*1.25 = Rs.250
Loss % = (4/40)×100 = 10% SP of each remaining book = 250*0.88 = Rs.220
29. A SP of each remaining 4 books = 220*4 = Rs.880
Profit on item = (x+30)% of 120 Total SP of 12 books = 1840+880 = Rs.2720
SP = (x+30)% of 120+120 Profit% = (2720 – 2400)*100/2400 = 13.33%
New CP = (100+25)% of 120 = Rs.150 34. C
SP = 150 + (x-20)% of 150 (x+30)% * 120 + 120 = 150 loss= CP-SP
+ (x-20)% of 150 CP of 5=CP of 15- SP of 15
=> 12x + 360 – 15x + 300 = 300 CP of 10=SP of 15=400
=> x = 120 CP of 1 =40
30. B 35. B
Cp:mp = 3x:5x = 300 : 500 CP of the article = 540/1.2 = Rs.450
Profit = 2x Let cash back be x. (100+100/9)% of 450 = 540 – x
P:d = 5:3 => x = Rs.40
(5x×300)/100 +(3x×500)/100 = 100 36. C
30x = 100 Two successive discounts of 8% = [ 8+8-(8*8/100)]% =
X =(100/30) = 3.33%=> 5x = 16.65% 15.36%
31. D Diff = 16 – 15.36 = 0.64%
Required diff = 2000×(0.64/100) = Rs. 12.8
37. C
32. C
(600-400)/400 *100 = 200/400 * 100=50%
Cp = x
38. A
Sp = x+(x2/100) = 85.25
x2+100x-8525 = 0
(x+155)(x-55) = 0
X = 55
Page 12 of 14
(Easy Level Part-1)
s.p = 80 – 8 = 72
Loss = 100 – 72 = 28
% Loss = 28 * 100/100 = 28%
42. B
c.p = 11250
Extra money spent = 150 + 800 = 950
39. A Total c.p = 11250 + 950 = 12200
Let c.p = x and profit = y Profit (15%) = 12200 * 15/100 = 1830
s.p = x + y s.p = 12200 + 1830 = 14030
=> 1754 = x + y....(1) 43. B
Again, when loss is y (8*56 + 32*69 + 25*75)/ 65 = 69.70
=> 1492 = x – y....(2) (69.70/100) * 120 = 83.64
Adding both equations; 2x = 3246 44. D
=> x = 1623 Let c.p = x and profit = y
40. C s.p = x + y
Gain – 28% CP………SP => 878 = x + y....(1)
. 100………128 => 636 = x – y....(2)
Discount 11(1/9)% = 1/9 => 2x = 1514
MP………..SP => x = 757
9…………….8 45. B
Make SP same
CP…………SP…………….MP
100……….128……………144
MP – CP =44%
46. E
41. C
Let the MP be x.
Let labelled price = 100
And CP be y. 1.8y = 0.8x —-(1)
Discount = 100 * 20 /100 = 20
And 1.5y = 0.8x – 240 —-(2)
c.p = 100 – 20 = 80
Now, 1.8y = 1.5y + 240
Loss = 80 * 10/100 = 8
=> y = Rs.800
Page 13 of 14
(Easy Level Part-1)
So, x = (1.8*800)/0.8 = 1800 => x = 1800

47. C Required Amount = 1800*1.4 = Rs.2520
Let the CP of both the article be Rs.x. 50. A
SP of X = 108% of x = Rs.108x Profit on calculator = (250 * 20)/100 = Rs. 50
SP of Y = 340/3% of x = Rs.17x/15 For 10 calculators = 50 * 10 = Rs. 500
MP of X = 1.08x/0.9 = Rs.1.2x Profit on pen = (50 * 10)/100 = 5
MP of Y = 17x/15/0.85 = Rs.4x/3 For 5 pens = 5 * 5 = Rs. 25
Required ratio = 1.2x:4x/3 = 9:10 Total profit = 500 + 25 = Rs. 525
48. A Total profit for 3 days = 525 * 3 = Rs. 1575
Let original price = Rs.100
20% discount = Rs.20
CP = 80
SP = (130/100)×80 = 104
Percentage = (104 – 100 )% = 4%
49. D
CP be x. x*1.2 = 2160
Page 14 of 14

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BOOST UP PDFS | Quantitative Aptitude | Profit & Loss

(Easy Level Part-1)

b. Rs 515 10. Shan bought 30 liters of milk at the rate of Rs.8

13. Jaga bought a refrigerator with 20% discount on b. Rs 90, Rs 40

have to pay Rs.84 extra. Find the original marked c. 90

remaining books by 25% and then offers a discount c. 12.8

Answer Key with Solution ∴ 1112 = x – y ….(2)

10. B On selling each 1600 gms, he makes a profit of Rs 4, so

For 25% (25/100 = 1/4) increase in consumption, =(54-45)/45*100=20%

28. C Now sp = 55+(55×110)/100 = 55+60.50 =115.5

So, x = (1.8*800)/0.8 = 1800 => x = 1800

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