मुलुकी अपराध संहिता ऐन २०७४ PDF

www.lawcommission.gov.
np
d'n'sL ck/fw ;+lxtf, @)&$

k|df0fLs/0f / k|sfzg ldlt
@)&$.^.#)
;+zf]wg ug]{ P]g
d''n'sL ;+lxtf ;DaGwL s]xL g]kfn P]gnfO{ ;+zf]wg ug]{ P]g, @)&% @)&^.)!.)@
;Djt\ @)&$ ;fnsf] P]g g+= #^

k|:tfjgf M d'n'sdf sfg"g tyf Joj:yf sfod u/L ;j{;fwf/0fsf] g}ltstf, lzi6frf/,
;bfrf/, ;'ljwf, cfly{s lxt sfod /fVg, ljleGg wfld{s tyf ;fF:s[lts ;d'bfo aLrsf]
;';DaGw tyf zflGt sfod ug{, kmf}hbf/L s;"/ lgjf/0f / lgoGq0f ug{ / tt\;DaGwL k|rlnt
sfg"gnfO{ ;+zf]wg / PsLs/0f u/L ;dofg's"n kmf}hbf/L s;"/ ;DaGwL ;+lxtfsf] Joj:yf ug{
jf~5gLo ePsf]n],
efu – !
g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f @(^ sf] pkwf/f -!_ adf]lhdsf] Joj:yflksf–;+;bn]] of] P]g
agfPsf] 5 .
;fdfGo k|fjwfgx?[
kl/R5]b –!
k|f/lDes

!= ;+lIfKt gfd / k|f/De M -!_ o; P]gsf] gfd æd'n'sL ck/fw ;+lxtf, @)&$Æ /x]sf]5 .
-@_ of] ;+lxtf ;+jt\ @)&% ;fn ebf} ! ut]b]lv k|f/De x'g]5 .
@= ;+lxtfsf] alxIf]{qLo k|of]u M -!_ s;}n] g]kfn aflx/ b]xfosf] s'g} s;"/ u/]df lghnfO{
g]kfnleq g} To:tf] s;"/ u/] ;/x o; ;+lxtf adf]lhd ;hfo x'g]5 M–
-s_ bkmf %$ afx]s efu @ sf] kl/R5]b ! cGtu{tsf] s;"/,
-v_ g]kfnaf6 s'g} JolQmnfO{ ckx/0f u/L efu @ kl/R5]b !& cGtu{t
u/]sf] s;"/,
-u_ bkmf !^&, @&^ / @&( cGtu{tsf] s;"/,

मुलुकी संहिता सम्बन्धी केिी नेपाल ऐनलाई संशोधन गने ऐन, २०७५ द्वारा संशोधधत ।
1
www.lawcommission.gov.np
-3_ g]kfnleq rngrNtLdf Nofpg] jf k}7f/L ug]{ p2]Zon] u/]sf] efu @

kl/R5]b @@ / @# cGtu{tsf s;"/,
-ª_ g]kfn ;/sf/, k|b]z ;/sf/ jf :yfgLo tx jf g]kfn ;/sf/, k|b]z
;/sf/ jf :yfgLo txsf] k"0f{ jf clwsf+z :jfldTj jf lgoGq0fdf
/x]sf]] s'g} ;Ël7t ;+:yfsf] s'g} kbLo x}l;otdf sfo{ ;Dkfbg ubf{
u/]sf] o; P]g cGtu{tsf] s;"/ .
-@_ s;}n] g]kfndf btf{ ePsf] jfo'ofg jf hnofgleq o; P]g cGtu{tsf] s'g}
s;"/ g]kfn aflx/ /xFbfsf avt u/]df lghnfO{ g]kfnleq g} To:tf] s;"/ u/] ;/x
o; P]g adf]lhd ;hfo x'g]5 .

-#_ s'g} g]kfnL gful/s jf cGo s;}n] g]kfn aflx/ s'g} g]kfnL gful/s
la?4 b]xfosf] s'g} s;"/ u/]df lghnfO{ g]kfnleq g} To:tf] s;"/ u/] ;/x o; P]g
adf]lhd ;hfo x'g]5 M–
-s_ Hofg lnPsf] jf Hofg lng] pBf]u, b'?T;fxg jf if8\oGq u/]sf]
s;"/,
-v_ c;xfo JolQmnfO{ kl/Tofu u/]sf] s;"/,
-u_ cËeË u/]sf] s;"/,
-3_ ckx/0f, z/L/ aGws jf u}/sfg"gL y'gfdf /fv]sf] s;"/,
-ª__ hjh{:tL s/0fL jf xf8gftf s/0fL u/]sf] s;"/,
-r_ g]kfn ;/sf/, k|b]z ;/sf/ jf :yfgLo txsf] jf g]kfn ;/sf/,
k|b]z ;/sf/ jf :yfgLo txsf] k"0f{ jf clwsf+z :jfldTj jf
lgoGq0f ePsf] ;Ël7t ;+:yf la?4 cfk/flws pkb|j,
cfk/flws nfe, cfk/flws ljZjf;3ft, sLt]{, rf]/L, 7uL, 8fFsf
jf ;DklQsf] cfk/flws pkof]u u/]sf] s;"/,
-5_ bkmf !%* cGtu{tsf] s;"/,
-h_ efu @ kl/R5]b !! cGtu{tsf ljjfx ;DaGwL s;"/,
-em_ g]kfnleq k}7f/L ug]{ p2]Zon] vfB kbfy{ jf cf}iflwdf ld;fj6
u/]sf] s;"/,

2
-`_ bkmf @#!, @#@ / @## cGtu{tsf Onfh ;DaGwL s;"/,

-6_ efu # sf] kl/R5]b @ cGtu{tsf] s;"/ .
#= kl/efiff M ljifo jf k|;Ën] csf]{ cy{ gnfu]df o; P]gdf,–
-s_ æcbfntÆ eGgfn] ;jf]{Rr cbfnt, pRr cbfnt jf lhNnf cbfnt
;Demg' k5{ / ;f] zAbn] s'g} vf; lsl;dsf kmf}hbf/L d'2fsf] sf/afxL
/ lsgf/f ug{ sfg"g adf]lhd clwsf/k|fKt cbfnt, cGo Goflos
lgsfo jf clwsf/L ;d]tnfO{ hgfpF5 .
-v_ æcf>o lbg]Æ eGgfn] s'g} JolQmnfO{ vfg, lkpg, a:g, gubL, lhG;L,
nQf sk8f, xftxltof/ jf ;jf/Lsf] ;fwg lbg] jf kqmfpaf6 jRg jf
cGo ;xfotf lbg] sfd ;Demg' k5{ .
-u_ æs;"/Æ eGgfn] o; ;+lxtf jf sfg"g adf]lhd ;hfo x'g] sfd ;Demg'
k5{ .
-3_ æsfg"gÆ eGgfn] tTsfn k|rlnt sfg"g ;Demg' k5{ .
-ª_ æsfdÆ eGgfn] sfdx?sf] ;d"x ;Demg' k5{ / ;f] zAbn] sfg"g
adf]lhd ug'{ kg]{df gu/]sf] jf ug{ gx'g]df u/]sf] sfd ;d]tnfO{
hgfpF5 .
-r_ æuDeL/ s;"/Æ eGgfn] tLg jif{eGbf a9L bz jif{;Dd s}b ;hfo x'g]
s;"/ ;Demg' k5{ .
-5_ æh3Go s;"/Æ eGgfn] hGds}b jf bz jif{eGbf a9L s}b ;hfo x'g]
s;"/ ;Demg' k5{ .
-h_ æHofgÆ eGgfn] dflg;sf] Hofg ;Demg' k5{ .
-em_ æGofofwLzÆ eGgfn] d'2fsf] sf/afxL, ;'g'jfO{ / lsgf/f ug]{ cbfntsf]
clwsf/L ;Demg' k5{ / ;f] zAbn] s'g} vf; lsl;dsf kmf}hbf/L d'2fsf]
sf/afxL, ;'g'jfO{ / lsgf/f ug]{ clwsf/k|fKt clwsf/L ;d]tnfO{
hgfpF5 .
-`_ æ/fi6«;]jsÆ eGgfn] b]xfosf] s'g} JolQm ;Demg' k5{ M–
-!_ ;+ljwfg jf cGo sfg"g adf]lhd ;fj{hlgs hjfkmb]xLsf] kbdf
lgjf{lrt, dgf]lgt jf lgo'Qm ePsf] JolQm,
3
-@_ sfg"g jf s/f/ adf]lhd g]kfn ;/sf/ jf k|b]z ;/sf/sf]

;]jfdf jf cGo s'g} ;/sf/L ;]jfdf lgo'Qm ePsf] JolQm,

-#_ :yfgLo tx jf lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldltsf] s'g} kb jf ;]jfdf
lgjf{lrt, dgf]gLt jf lgo'Qm ePsf] JolQm,
-$_ g]kfn ;/sf/, k|b]z ;/sf/ jf :yfgLo txsf]] k"0f{ jf clwsf+z
:jfldTj jf lgoGq0f ePsf] ;Ël7t ;+:yfsf kbflwsf/L jf
To:tf] ;+:yfsf] ;]jfdf lgo'Qm ePsf] JolQm, jf
-%_ ;fj{hlgs hjfkmb]xL ePsf] kbdf cGo s'g} lsl;dn] lgo'Qm
ePsf] jf jxfn /x]sf] JolQm .
-6_ æ:yfgLo txÆ eGgfn] ufpFkflnsf jf gu/kflnsf ;Demg' k5{ .
-7_ æ;Ël7t ;+:yfÆ eGgfn] s'g} sfg"g adf]lhd :yflkt jf sfg"g adf]lhd
btf{ ePsf] ;+:yf ;Demg' k5{ .
-8_ æ;+ljwfgÆ eGgfn] g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfg ;Demg' k5{ .
-9_ æ;fj{hlgs lnvtÆ eGgfn] b]xfosf] s'g} lnvt ;Demg' k5{ M–
-!_ ljwflosfaf6 kfl/t ePsf] lnvt,
-@_ ;+ljwfg adf]lhd /fi6«kltaf6 ePsf] cf}krfl/s sfo{sf]
clen]vsf] ?kdf /x]sf] lnvt,

-@s_ ;+ljwfg adf]lhd k|b]z k|d'vaf6 ePsf] cf}krfl/s sfo{sf]
clen]vsf] ?kdf /x]sf] lnvt,
-#_ g]kfn ;/sf/, k|b]z ;/sf/ jf :yfgLo tx jf g]kfn ;/sf/,
k|b]z ;/sf/ jf :yfgLo tx cGtu{tsf sfof{no jf ;+j}wflgs
lgsfo jf kbflwsf/L, cbfnt jf P]g jf cfb]zåf/f :yflkt
;+:yf, g]kfn ;/sf/sf] k"0f{ jf clwsf+z :jfldTj jf lgoGq0fdf
/x]sf] ;Ël7t ;+:yfsf] sfof{non] hf/L u/]sf] jf To:tf
sfof{nodf clen]vsf] ?kdf /xg] lstfa, >]:tf jf cGo s'g}
lnvt,


मुलुकी संहिता सम्बन्धी केिी नेपाल ऐनलाई संशोधन गने ऐन, २०७५ द्वारा थप ।
4

-#s_ ;+3Lo, k|b]z jf :yfgLo sfg"g adf]lhd hf/L ePsf] s'g}
lnvt,
-$_ cbfntaf6 ePsf] km};nf, lg0f{o jf cfb]z .
$= ;fdfGo ?kdf nfu" x'g] l;4fGt / Joj:yfx? M o; ;+lxtfsf] efu ! sf] kl/R5]b–@,
#, $ / % adf]lhdsf l;4fGt / Joj:yfx?  o; ;+lxtf / cGo P]g cGtu{tsf
s;"/sf ;DaGwdf ;fdfGotM nfu" x'g] 5g\ .
%= ljz]if P]gsf] Joj:yf nfu" x'g] M s'g} vf; sfdnfO{ s'g} ljz]if P]gåf/f 5'§} s;"/ dfgL
;hfo ug]{ Joj:yf ePsf] /x]5 eg] To:tf] s;"/sf ;DaGwdf ;f]xL P]g nfu" x'g]5 .
kl/R5]b –@
kmf}hbf/L Gofosf ;fdfGo l;4fGtx?
^= sfg"g adf]]lhdsf] sfd s;"/ gx'g] M sfg"g adf]lhd ug{' kg{] jf sfg"gn] IfDo dfg]sf]
sfdnfO{ s;"/ dflgg] 5}g .
&= sfg"g adf]lhd afx]s ;hfo gx'g] M sfg"gn] ;hfo gx'g] s'g} sfd u/] afkt s'g}
JolQm ;hfosf] efuL x'g] 5}g / s'g} klg JolQmnfO{ s;"/ ubf{sf] cj:yfdf sfg"gdf
tf]lsPeGbf a9L ;hfo x'g] 5}g .
*= tYosf] e|ddf k/L u/]sf] sfd s;"/ gx'g] M tYosf] e|ddf k/L sfg"g adf]lhd ug{' kg{]
jf IfDo dflgPsf] ljZjf; u/L c;n lgotn] u/]sf] s'g} sfd s;"/ dflgg] 5}g .
t/ sfg"gsf] cgle1tfdf u/]sf] sfd IfDo x'g] 5}g .
(= Pp6} s;"/df bf]xf]/f] ;hfo gx'g] M s'g} JolQm la?4 cbfntdf Ps} s;"/df Ps
k6seGbf a9L d'2f rnfOg] / ;hfo ul/g] 5}g .
!) :jR5 ;'g'jfO{af6 jl~rt gx'g] M s'g} JolQm ;Ifd cbfnt jf Goflos lgsfoaf6 x'g]
sf/afxLdf :jR5 ;'g'jfO{af6 jl~rt x'g] 5}g .
!!= cfk\mgf] la?4 ;fIfL x'g s/ gnfUg] M s'g} s;"/sf] cleof]u nfu]sf] JolQmnfO{ cfk\mgf]
la?4 ;fIfL x'g s/ nfUg] 5}g .


मल
ु क
ु ी संहिता सम्बन्धी केिी नेपाल ऐनलाई संशोधन गने ऐन, २०७५ द्वारा संशोधधत ।
5
!@= s;"/ k|dfl0ft geP;Dd s;"/bf/ gdflgg] M s'g} s;"/sf] cleof]u nfu]sf] JolQmnfO{
To:tf] s;"/ u/]sf] k|dfl0ft geP;Dd s;"/bf/ dflgg] 5}g .
!#= afnaflnsfn] u/]sf] sfd s;"/ gx'g] M bz jif{ pd]/ gk'u]sf] afnaflnsfn] u/]sf]
s'g} sfd s;"/ dflgg] 5}g .
!$= xf]; 7]ufgdf g/x]sf] JolQmn] u/]sf] sfd s;"/ gdflgg] M s'g} sfd ubf{sf avt
dfgl;s c:j:ytfsf] sf/0fn] To:tf] sfdsf] k|s[lt, u'0f, bf]if jf kl/0ffd a'em\g
g;Sg] u/L xf]; 7]ufgdf g/x]sf] JolQmn] u/]sf] sfd s;"/ dflgg] 5}g .
!%= d~h'/L lnO{ u/]sf] sfd s;"/ gx'g] M Hofg lng] jf cËeË ug]{ lgotn] jf Hofg hfg
jf cËeË x'g ;S5 eGg] yfxf eO{ u/]sf]df afx]s s;}n] c7f/ jif{ dflysf] s'g}
JolQmsf] d~h'/L lnO{ u/]sf] s'g} sfdaf6 To:tf] d~h'/L lbg] JolQmnfO{ s'g} Iflt k'Ug
uPdf ;f] sfd s;"/ dflgg] 5}g .
!^= enfO{sf nflu d~h'/L lnO{ u/]sf] sfd s;"/ gx'g] M s;}n] s'g} JolQmsf] enfO{sf
nflu lghsf] d~h'/L lnO{ c;n lgotn] xf]l;of/L ;fy u/]sf] s'g} sfdaf6 To:tf]
d~h'/L lbg] JolQmnfO{ Iflt k'Ug uPdf To:tf] sfd s;"/ dflgg] 5}g .
!&= enfO{sf nflu ;+/Ifssf] d~h'/L lnO{ u/]sf] sfd s;"/ gx'g] M c7f/ jif{ ggf3]sf] jf
dfgl;s c:j:ytfsf] sf/0fn] xf]; 7]ufgdf g/x]sf] JolQmsf] enfO{sf nflu lghsf]
;+/Ifsn] jf To:tf] ;+/Ifssf] d~h'/L lnP/ c? s;}n] c;n lgotn] xf]l;of/L ;fy
u/]sf] s'g} sfdaf6 To:tf] JolQmnfO{ s'g} Iflt k'Ug uPdf To:tf]] sfd s;"/ dflgg]
5}g .
t/ Hofg hfg jf cËeË x'gaf6 /f]Sg] p2]Zon] u/]sf]df afx]s Hofg hfg
;S5 jf cËeË x'g ;S5 eGg] hfgLhfgL To:tf] s'g} sfd ug]{ JolQmn] cfk/flws
bfloTjaf6 5'6 kfpg]] 5}g .
!*= enfO{sf nflu d~h'/L glnO{ u/]sf] sfd s;"/ gx'g] M s'g} JolQmsf] enfO{sf nflu
tTsfn s'g} sfd gu/L gx'g] ePsf], To:tf] JolQm s'g} sf/0fn] To:tf] sfd ug{ lbgsf]
nflu tTsfn cfk}m d~h'/L lbg g;Sg] cj:yfdf /x]sf] / lghsf] tk{maf6 d~h'/L lbg
;Sg] ;+/Ifs klg tTsfn pknAw gePsf] cj:yfdf lghsf] enfO{sf nflu d~h'/L
glnP/ klg c;n lgotn] xf]l;of/L ;fy To:tf] sfd ubf{ lghnfO{ s'g} Iflt jf xflg,
gf]S;fgL k'Ug uPdf To:tf] sfd s;"/ dflgg] 5}g .
6
:ki6Ls/0f M bkmf !^, !& / o; bkmfsf] k|of]hgsf nflu æenfO{Æ eGgfn] M

-s_ cfly{s ?kdf k|fKt nfenfO{ hgfpg] 5}g,
-v_ Hofg lng] jf dgfl;a sf/0f ljgf cËeË ug]{ lgotn] u/]sf] sfdnfO{
hgfpg] 5}g .
!(= d~h'/L lnP/ u/]sf] eP klg s;"/ dflgg]] M bkmf !%, !^ jf !& df h'g;'s} s'/f
n]lvPsf] eP tfklg tL bkmfx?df n]lvPsf] sfd sfg"g adf]lhd cGo s;"/ dflgg]
ePdf To:tf] sfd d~h'/L lnP/ u/]sf] eP klg s;"/ dflgg]5 .
@) d~h'/L M d~h'/L df}lvs jf lnlvt ?kdf jf Ozf/f jf cfr/0fåf/f JoQm ug{
;lsg]5 .
t/ b]xfosf cj:yfdf lbOPsf] d~h'/LnfO{ d~h'/L dflgg] 5}g M–
-s_ tYosf] e|ddf k/L jf s'g} lsl;dsf] xflg, gf]S;fgL x'g ;Sg]
8/, qf;df k/L s'g} JolQmn] d~h'/L lbPsf] / To:tf] d~h'/L
cg';f/ sfd ug]{ JolQmnfO{ To:tf] d~h'/L To;/L lbOPsf] xf]
eGg] s'/f yfxf ePdf jf lghn] ljZjf; ug'{ kg]{ s'g} dgfl;a
sf/0f ePdf,
-v_ dfgl;s c:j:ytfsf] sf/0fn] cfk"mn] lbPsf] d~h'/Lsf] u'0f,
bf]if / kl/0ffd a'em\g g;Sg] u/L xf]; 7]ufgdf g/x]sf avt
s'g} JolQmn] d~h'/L lbPsf]df,
-u_ c7f/ jif{ ggf3]sf] afnaflnsfn] d~h'/L lbPsf]df,
-3_ cg'lrt k|efjdf k/L d~h'/L lbPsf]df .
@!= c;n lgotn] lbPsf] hfgsf/Laf6 Iflt k'u]df s;"/ gx'g] M s;}n] s'g} JolQmnfO{
lghsf] enfO{sf] nflu c;n lgotn] lbPsf] s'g} s'/fsf] ;"rgf jf hfgsf/Laf6 To:tf]
JolQmnfO{ s'g} Iflt k'Ug uPdf To:tf] sfd s;"/ dflgg] 5}g .
@@= 8/ qf;df k/L u/]sf] sfd s;"/ gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] hf]lvdL xftxltof/ jf ljiffn' jf
ljikmf]6s kbfy{ lnO{ s'g} JolQmnfO{ lghn] tTsfn s'g} sfd gu/] lgh jf lghsf]
glhssf] gft]bf/sf] Hofg lng] jf zf/Ll/s cËeË u/fpg] 8/ qf; b]vfPsf] / tTsfn
To:tf] sfd gu/] cfk\mgf] jf cfk\mgf] glhssf] gft]bf/sf] Hofg hfg jf zf/Ll/s
7
cËeË x'g ;Sg] vt/f 5 egL ljZjf; ug'{ kg]{ dgfl;a sf/0f eO{ To:tf] JolQmn]
u/]sf] To:tf] sfd s;"/ dflgg] 5}g .
t/ b]xfosf] cj:yfdf To:tf] sfd s;"/ dflgg] 5 M–
-s_ Hofg lnPsf] jf zf/Ll/s cËeË u/]sf]df,
-v_ hjh{:tL s/0fL u/]sf]df,
-u_ /fHo la?4sf] s;"/ u/]sf]df, jf
-3_ To:tf] sfd ug]{ JolQm cfk}Fmn] ubf{ jf cfk"mn] s'g} sfd u/]sf]
sf/0faf6 lgh To:tf] 8/ qf;sf] cj:yfdf k'u]sf]df .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd 8/, qf;df kf/L s;"/ u/fpg] JolQmnfO{ lgh cfkF}mn]
To:tf]] s;"/ u/] ;/x sfg"g adf]lhd ;hfo x'g]5 .
@#= cGo xflg, gf]S;fgLaf6 arfpg c;n lgotn] u/]sf] sfd s;"/ gx'g] M s;}nfO{ s'g}
xflg, gf]S;fgL x'g] s'g} sfd tTsfn gu/] cfk\mgf] jf c? s;}sf] hLp, Hofg jf
;DklQdf To;eGbf 7"nf] xflg, gf]S;fgL x'g] lglZrt eO{ cfk/flws lgot ljgf /
;+efljt 7"nf] xflg, gf]S;fgL /f]Sg] jf 6fg]{ p2]Zon] c;n lgotn] To:tf] xflg,
gf]S;fgL x'g] sfd u/]df xflg k'Ug ;S5 eGg] hfgLhfgL u/]sf] sf/0fn] dfq To:tf]
sfd s;"/ dflgg] 5}g .
@$ lghL /Iffsf] nflu u/]sf] sfd s;"/ gdflgg] M -!_ o; kl/R5]bsf] cwLgdf /xL lghL
/Iffsf] clwsf/ k|of]u ubf{ eP u/]sf] s'g} sfd s;"/ dflgg] 5}g .
-@_ k|To]s JolQmnfO{ cfk\mgf] jf c? s;}sf] lhp, Hofg jf ;DklQnfO{ s'g} u}/
sfg"gL Ifltaf6 arfpg] clwsf/ x'g]5 .
-#_ o; bkmf adf]lhd lghL /Iffsf] clwsf/ k|of]u ubf{ tTsfn s'g} sfd
gu/]df cfkm\gf] jf c? s;}sf] hLp, Hofg jf ;DklQnfO{ s'g} u}/ sfg"gL Ifltaf6

arfpg ;lsb}g eGg] dgfl;a ljZjf; ePdf jf ljZjf; ug{' kg{] dgfl;a sf/0f
ePdf dfq k|of]u ug'{ kg{]5 .
@%= lghL /Iffsf] clwsf/df aGb]h M -!_ bkmf @$ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg
b]xfosf] cj:yfdf jf sfdsf la?4 lghL /Iffsf] clwsf/ k|fKt x'g ;Sg] 5}g M–

8
-s_ s;}sf] lhp jf ;DklQdf u}/ sfg"gL Iflt k'¥ofpg] sfd x'Fbfsf avt
To:tf]] Ifltaf6 arfpg tTsfn ;fj{hlgs clwsf/Lsf] ;+/If0f jf d2t
pknAw x'g] jf x'g ;Sg] cj:yf ePsf]df,
-v_ h;sf] lhp jf ;DklQdf Iflt k'u]sf] xf] To:tf] JolQmn] g} Iflt
k'¥ofpg] JolQmnfO{ pQ]lht u/]sf] sf/0faf6 To;/L Iflt k'u]sf]df,
-u_ cbfntsf] k}m;nf jf cfb]z cg';f/ s'g} /fi6«;]jsn] c;n lgotn] s'g}
sfd u/]sf]df,
-3_ s'g} /fi6«;]jsn] cfk\mgf] kbLo clwsf/sf] k|of]udf c;n lgotn] s'g}
sfd u/]sf]df,
-ª_ s'g} /fi6«;]jsn] cfk\mgf] kbLo clwsf/sf] k|of]udf c;n lgotn] lbPsf]
lgb]{zg cg';f/ s;}n] s'g} sfd u/]sf]df .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg b]xfosf] cj:yfdf s'g}
JolQm lghL /Iffsf] clwsf/af6 al~rt x'g] 5}g M–
-s_ pkbkmf -!_ sf] v08 -u_ df plNnlvt sfd ug]{ JolQm /fi6«;]js xf] /
lgh cbfntsf] k}m;nf jf cfb]zfg';f/ sfd ub}{5 eGg] s'/f hfgsf/L
x'g] jf ljZjf; ug]{ dgfl;a sf/0f gePdf jf lghsf] kl/ro jf ;f]
sfd ug{ kfPsf] clwsf/kq dfu ubf{ klg lghn] cfk\mgf] kl/ro
glbPdf jf To:tf] sfd ug{ kfPsf] clwsf/kq gb]vfPdf,
-v_ pkbkmf -!_ sf] v08 -3_ df plNnlvt sfd ug]{ JolQm /fi6«;]js xf]
eGg] s'/f hfgsf/L x'g] jf ljZjf; ug'{ kg]{ dgfl;a sf/0f gePdf,
-u_ pkbkmf -!_ sf] v08 -ª_ df plNnlvt sfd ug]{ JolQmn] To:tf] sfd
s'g} /fi6«;]jssf] lgb]{zgdf ul//x]sf] xf] eGg] s'/f hfgsf/L x'g] jf
ljZjf; ug'{ kg]{ dgfl;a sf/0f gePdf jf To:tf] lgb]{zg cg';f/
To:tf] sfd ug{ nfu]sf] xf] eGg] s'/f lghn] hfgsf/L glbPdf jf
To:tf] sfd ug{ clwsf/kq ePsf]df dfu ubf{ klg To:tf]] clwsf/ kq
gb]vfPdf .
-#_ bkmf @$ jf o; bkmf cGtu{t lghL /Iffsf] clwsf/ k|of]u ubf{ To:tf] /Iff
ug{sf] nflu cfjZos kg{] dgfl;a aneGbf a9L an k|of]u ug{ ;lsg] 5}g .
9
@^= Hofg lng] clwsf/ gx'g] M -!_ o; kl/R5]b adf]lhd lghL /Iffsf] clwsf/ k|of]u ubf{
s;}nfO{ s;}sf] Hofg lng] clwsf/ x'g5
] }g .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg bkmf @% sf] pkbkmf -#_
sf] cwLgdf /xL b]xfosf] cj:yfdf lghL /Iffsf] clwsf/ k|of]u ubf{ s;}sf] Hofg
uPsf]df To:tf] sfd s;"/ dflgg] 5}g M–
-s_ cfk"m jf c? s;}dfly ePsf] cfqmd0f la?4 tTsfn /Iff gubf{ cfk\mgf]
jf c? s;}sf] Hofg hfg jf cfk"m jf c? s;}nfO{ uDeL/ rf]6 nfUg
jf cËeË x'g ;S5 eGg] dgfl;a ljZjf; ePdf,
-v_ hjh{:tL s/0fL ug]{ lgotn] cfqmd0f u/]sf] xf] eGg] dgfl;a ljZjf;
eO{ jf hjh{:tL s/0fL ubf{sf avt jf ul/;s] kl5 kLl8taf6 tTsfn
s'g} sfd ePsf]df,
-u_ Hofg dfg{], aGws jf ckx/0f u/fpg d'lQm /sd lng], hjh{:TfL s/0fL
ug{], cËeË ug{] lgotn] z/L/ aGws lnPsf]df jf ckx/0f u/]sf]df,
-3_ dflg; a:g], k"hf jf k|fy{gf ug]{, ;DklQ /fVg] s'g} 3/, kfn jf ;jf/L
;fwgnfO{ 3]/faGbL u/L, hf]lvdk"0f{ xftxltof/ k|of]u u/L, cfuf] nufO{
jf ljikmf]6s kbfy{ k|of]u u/L Iflt k'¥ofpg vf]h]sf]df,
-ª_ 8fFsfsf] s;"/ la?4 /Iff ug{' k/]df,
-r_ s'g} JolQmsf] j}olQms ;'/Iff jf g]kfn ;/sf/, k|b]z ;/sf/ jf :yfgLo
tx jf g]kfn ;/sf/, k|b]z ;/sf/ jf :yfgLo txsf] k"0f{ jf clwsf+z
:jfldTj jf lgoGq0f ePsf] ;Ël7t ;+:yfsf] ;DklQ jf ;fj{hlgs
;DklQsf] ;'/Iffsf nflu clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Lsf] cfb]zaf6 vl6Psf]
;'/IffsdL{n] To:tf] JolQm jf ;DklQ la?4 ePsf] cfqmd0f /f]Sg
tTsfn k|ltsf/ ug'{ k/]sf]df .
@&= dfd'nL xflg, gf]S;fgL ePsf]df s;"/ gx'g] M ;fwf/0f ;demsf] JolQmn] u/]sf] dfd'nL
lsl;dsf] xflg, gf]S;fgLnfO{ s;"/ dflgg] 5}g .
@*= afnaflnsfaf6 u/fPsf] s;"/df pd]/ k'u]sf]nfO{ ;hfo x'g] M s;}n] s'g}
afnaflnsfnfO{ kmsfO{, l;sfO{ jf k|efjdf kf/L s'g} s;"/ ug{ nufPsf] /x]5 eg]
To;/L s;"/ ug{ nufpg] JolQmnfO{ lgh cfk}mn] To:tf]] s;"/ u/] ;/x ;hfo x'g]5 .
10
@(= lg/k]If bfloTj -:6«LS6 nfoljlnl6_ x'g] s;"/df cfk/flws dg;fo k/LIf0f gx'g] M
o; ;+lxtf jf sfg"g adf]lhd lg/k]If cfk/flws bfloTj x'g] s;"/df To:tf]] s;"/
dg;fok"j{s u/]sf] xf] jf xf]Og eGg] s'/f k/LIf0f x'g] 5}g .
#)= ;Ël7t ;+:yfaf6 ePsf] s;"/df sfd ug]{ u/fpg]sf] cfk/flws bfloTj x'g] M s'g} kmd{,
sDkgL jf ;Ël7t ;+:yfn] o; ;+lxtf jf sfg"g adf]lhd s;"/ dflgg] s'g} sfd u/]sf]
jf u/fPsf]df h;n] To:tf] sfd u/] jf u/fPsf] xf] ;f]xL JolQm lhDd]jf/ x'g]5 /
To:tf] JolQm ls6fg x'g g;s]df kmd{sf] xsdf To:tf sfd ug]{ ;DalGwt wgL jf
lx:;]bf/x? / sDkgL jf ;Ël7t ;+:yf eP To:tf] sfd ug]{ jf u/fpg] ;~rfns,
k|aGw ;~rfns, dxfk|aGws / To:tf] JolQm klg ls6fg x'g g;s]df To:tf] ;+:yfsf]
sfo{sf/L k|d'vn] cfk/flws bfloTj Joxf]g'{ kg]{5 .
#!= ;d"xaf6 ePsf] s;"/df ;a} ;b:onfO{ ;hfo x'g] M b'O{ jf b'O{eGbf a9L JolQmsf]
;d"xaf6 s'g} s;"/ ePsf]df ;f] ;d"xsf ;a} ;b:onfO{ To:tf] s;"/sf] ;hfo x'g]5 .
#@= ck/fw kLl8tnfO{ d'2fsf] sf/afxLsf] hfgsf/L / Ifltk"lt{ kfpg] xs x'g] M -!_ ck/fw
kLl8tnfO{ cfk"m kLl8t ePsf] d'2fsf] cg';Gwfg tyf sf/afxL ;DaGwL hfgsf/L kfpg]
xs x'g]5 .
-@_ ck/fw kLl8tnfO{ sfg"g adf]lhd ;fdflhs k'gM:yfkgf / Ifltk"lt{
;lxtsf] Gofo kfpg] xs x'g]5 .
kl/R5]b – #
cfk/flws if8\oGq, pBf]u, b'?T;fxg / dltof/
##= cfk/flws if8\oGq ug{ gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] s'g} cfk/flws if8\oGq ug{ x'Fb}g .
-@_ b'O{ jf b'O{eGbf a9L JolQmx?n] s'g} s;"/ ug{ jf u/fpg dGh'/ u/L s'g}

]Pshgf dfq jf b'O{ jf b'O{eGbf a9L JolQmx?n] s'g} sfo{ u/]df lghx?n] cfk/flws
if8\oGq u/]sf] dflgg] 5 .
-#_ h3Go jf uDeL/ k|s[ltsf] s;"/sf] cfk/flws if8\oGq ug]{ jf u/fpg]
JolQmnfO{ o; ;+lxtfdf cGoq 5'6}[ ;hfosf] Joj:yf ePsf]df ;f]xL adf]lhd /
gePsf]df b]xfo adf]lhd ;hfo x'g]5 M–

11
-s_ cfk/flws if8\oGq adf]lhdsf] s;"/ u/]sf] eP To:tf] s;"/ u/]

;/xsf] ;hfo,
-v_ cfk/flws if8\oGq adf]lhdsf] s;"/ geO{ cGo s;"/ ePsf]df
To:tf] s;"/ To:tf] if8\oGq sfof{Gjogsf] l;nl;nfdf jf To;}sf]
;Defljt kl/0ffd:j?k ePsf] /x]5 eg] To:tf] s;"/ afkt x'g]
;hfo,
-u_ cfk/flws if8\oGq adf]lhdsf] s;"/sf] cltl/Qm cGo s;"/ klg
ePsf]df To:tf] s;"/ klg ;f]xL if8oGq sfof{Gjogsf] l;nl;nfdf
jf To;}sf] ;Defljt kl/0ffd:j?k ePsf] /x]5 eg] To:tf] s;"/sf]
;d]t yk ;hfo,
-3_ cfk/flws if8oGq ug]{ sfo{ k"/f eO{ g;s]sf] ePdf To:tf] s;"/df
x'g] ;hfosf] cfwf ;hfo .
#$= s;"/ ug]{ pBf]u ug{ gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] s'g} s;"/ ug{] pBf]u ug{ x'Fb}g .
-@_ h'g s;"/sf] pBf]u ePsf] xf] To:tf] s;"/ x'g c;Dej ePdf klg pBf]u
u/]sf] dflgg]5 .
-#_ o; ;+lxtfdf cGoyf Joj:yf ePsf]df afx]s s;"/ ug{ pBf]u ug]{ jf
u/fpg] JolQmnfO{ To:tf]] s;"/sf] nflu tf]lsPsf] ;hfosf] cfwf ;hfo x'g]5 .
#%= b'?T;fxg lbg gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] s;}nfO{ s'g} s;"/ ug{ b'?T;fxg lbg' x'Fb}g .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ sf] k|of]hgsf] nflu s;}n] s;}nfO{ s'g} s;"/ ug{ pS;fPdf
lghn] b'?T;fxg lbPsf] dflgg]5 .
-#_ b'?T;fxg lbg] JolQmnfO{ o; ;+lxtfdf 5'§} ;hfosf] Joj:yf ul/Psf]df
;f]xL adf]lhd / gul/Psf]df b]xfo adf]lhd ;hfo x'g]5 M–
-s_ b'?T;fxg lbP adf]lhd s;"/ ePsf] eP lgh :jo+n] s;"/ u/]
;/xsf] ;hfo,
-v_ b'?T;fxg lbP adf]lhd s;"/ eO{ g;s]sf]df ;f] s;"/sf nflu
tf]lsPsf] ;hfosf] cfwf ;hfo .
12
-$_ s'g} JolQmnfO{ Pp6f s;"/ ug{ b'?T;fxg lbPsf]df To:tf] JolQmn] To:tf]
b'?T;fxgsf] k|efj jf ;Defljt kl/0ffd :j?k s'g} csf]{ s;"/ u/]df b'?T;fxg lbg]
JolQmnfO{ To:tf] s;"/ klg lgh :jo+n] u/] ;/x ;hfo x'g]5 .
#^= dltof/ x'g gx'g] M -!_ s'g} JolQm s'g} s;"/sf] dltof/ x'g' x'Fb}g .
-@_ s'g} s;"/ ug]{ lgotn] To:tf] s;"/ jf cGo s;"/ ug{ ;xof]u k'¥ofpg] jf
s;"/ ul/;s]kl5 s;"/bf/nfO{ eufpg], n'sfpg] jf s;"/ ug{ jf u/fpg ;fwg
pknAw u/fpg] jf cGo s'g} lsl;dn] ;xof]u k'¥ofpg] JolQm dltof/ dflgg]5 .
-#_ dltof/nfO{ b]xfo adf]lhd ;hfo x'g]5 M–
-s_ cfk/flws if8\oGqdf ;+nUg eO{ s;"/ ug{], ;fwg jf 7fFp
pknJw u/fOlbg], h;sf] la?4 s;"/ ul/Psf] xf] To:tf]
JolQmnfO{ lghL /Iffsf] clwsf/af6 al~rt u/fpg] jf s;"/
ug{ cfb]z jf ;Nnfx lbg]nfO{ To:tf] s;"/ lghn] u/] ;/xsf]
;hfo,
-v_ v08 -s_ df n]lvPsf] afx]s cGo dltof/ eP s;"/ eP u/]sf]
sfddf lghsf] ;+nUgtfsf] dfqf cg';f/ To:tf] s;"/ u/] afkt
x'g] ;hfosf] a9Ldf cfwf;Dd ;hfo .
#& xbDofb nfu" x'g] M o; ;+lxtfdf s'g} s;"/sf ;DaGwdf Joj:yf ul/Psf] ph'/ug]{
xbDofb To:tf] s;"/sf] if8\oGq, pBf]u, b'?T;fxg jf dltof/sf] ;DaGwdf ;d]t nfu"
x'g]5 .
kl/R5]b–$
s;"/sf] uDeL/tf a9fpg] tyf 36fpg] cj:yfx?
#*= s;"/sf] uDeL/tf a9fpg] cj:yf M o; ;+lxtfsf] k|of]hgsf nflu b]xfosf cj:yfx?
ljBdfg /x]df s;"/sf] uDeL/tf a9fPsf] dflgg] 5 M–
-s_ /fi6«klt jf ;/sf/ k|d'v jf ljb]zL /fHo k|d'vsf] la?4 s;"/ u/]sf],
-v_ /fi6«klt jf ;/sf/ k|d'v jf ljb]zL /fHo k|d'vsf] pkl:yltdf s;"/
u/]sf],
-u_ ljZjf;sf] b'?kof]u u/L s;"/ u/]sf],
13
-3_ s'g} ;fj{hlgs kbsf] nfe p7fO{ jf b'?kof]u u/L s;"/ u/]sf],
-ª_ ;fj{hlgs kb wf/0f u/]sf] JolQmn] cfk\mgf] kbLo st{Jo kfng ug{
nfu]sf]df afwf k'¥ofpg] jf lghnfO{ s'g} u}/sfg"gL sfd ug{ nufpg]
lgotn] s;"/ u/]sf],
-r_ s'g} ;/sf/L sfof{no, ;fj{hlgs sfof{no jf wfld{s :yndf s;"/
u/]sf],
-5_ kfFr jf kfFreGbf a9L JolQmx? ;d"xdf cfj4 eO{ s;"/ u/]sf],
-h_ ;fj{hlgs zflGt vnalnPsf], af9L, klx/f], e"sDk jf To:t} k|s[ltsf]
b}jL k|sf]k ePsf]] dxfdf/L k}mlnPsf], clgsfn k/]sf] jf To:t}
lsl;dsf] cGo s'g} ;Í6sf] nfe lnO{ s;"/ u/]sf],
-em_ xftxltof/ jf ljiffn' jf ljikmf]6s kbfy{ ;fydf lnO{ jf k|of]u u/L jf
ljB't k|jfx u/L jf ljB'tLo pks/0f k|of]u u/L s;"/ u/]sf] jf
xftxltof/ jf ljiffn' jf ljikmf]6s kbfy{ lnPsf] dflg;sf] d2taf6
s;"/ u/]sf],
-`_ Ps k6s s}b ;hfo kfPsf] s;"/bf/n] k'gM s;"/ u/]sf],
-6_ s'g} kfl/tf]lifs jf cfZjf;g jf nfe kfO{ jf nfe kfpg] k|nf]egdf
k/L s;"/ u/]sf],
-7_ cfk\mgf] ;+/If0f jf lgoGq0fdf /x]sf] JolQm jf lhDdfdf /x]sf] ;DklQsf]
la?4 s;"/ u/]sf],
-8_ s;}nfO{ oftgf lbO{ jf qm"/, cdfgjLo jf ckdfghGo Jojxf/ u/L
s;"/ u/]sf],
-9_ Ps} jf/bftdf PseGbf a9L s;"/ u/]sf],
-0f_ Ps} jf/bftdf PseGbf a9L JolQmsf la?4 s;"/ u/]sf],
-t_ s;}nfO{ ckx/0f u/L jf z/L/ aGws lnO{ s;"/ u/]sf],
-y_ y'gf, lx/f;t, s}b jf lgoGq0fdf /x]sf] JolQm la?4 s;"/ u/]sf],
-b_ s'g} JolQmsf] ;'/Iffsf] st{Jo ePsf JolQmn] cfk"mn] ;'/Iff ug'{ kg]{
JolQmsf] la?4 s;"/ u/]sf],

मल
ु क
14

-w_ s'g} hft, hflt jf ;Dk|bfosf] cl:tTj g} ljgfz ug]{ u/L hfltxTof
-h]gf];fO8_ sf] p2]Zon] s;"/ u/]sf],
-g_ s'g} hft, hflt, wfld{s jf ;fF:s[lts ;d'bfo la?4 3[0ff pTkGg ug]{
p2]Zon] s;"/ u/]sf],
-k_ dfgjtf lj?4sf] s;"/ u/]sf],
-km_ lgof]lht jf ;Ël7t ?kdf s;"/ u/]sf],
-a_ krxQ/ jif{dflysf] j[4fj:yf jf zf/Ll/s jf dfgl;s c:j:ytfn] ubf{
xf]; 7]ufgdf g/x]sf] jf ckfËtfsf] sf/0fn] cfkm\gf] arfp ug{ ;Sg]
l:yltdf gePsf] JolQm jf afnaflnsfsf] lj?4 s;"/ u/]sf],

-e_ ;jf/L jf ljdfg b'3{6gf jf k|fs[lts k|sf]k kbf{ p4f/ ug]{ sfddf
vl6Fbf s;"/ u/]sf],
-d_ Psk6s s'g} s;"/af6 kLl8t e};s]sf] JolQmsf la?4 ;f]xL s;"/bf/n]
csf]{ s;"/ u/]sf] .
#(= s;"/sf] uDeL/tf 36fpg] cj:yf M o; ;++lxtfsf] k|of]hgsf] nflu b]xfosf cj:yfx?
ljBdfg /x]df s;"/sf] uDeL/tf 36fPsf] dflgg]5 M–
-s_ s;"/bf/sf] pd]/ c7f/ jif{eGbf sd jf krxQ/ jif{eGbf dfly ePsf],
-v_ s;"/bf/sf] s;"/ ug]{ lgot gePsf],
-u_ h'g JolQmsf] la?4 s;"/ ePsf] 5 To:tf]] JolQmn] s;"/bf/nfO{ s;"/
x'g'eGbf tTsfncl3 pQ]lht u/]sf] jf wDsL lbPsf],
-3_ s;"/bf/ jf lghsf] s'g} glhssf] gft]bf/sf la?4 ul/Psf] s'g} uDeL/
s;"/sf] k|ltsf/sf] ?kdf tTsfn} s;"/ ePsf],
-ª_ s;"/bf/n] :j]R5fn] s;"/ :jLsf/ u/]sf] jf To:tf]] s;"/ u/] afkt
kZrftfk u/]sf],
-r_ s;"/bf/n] ;DalGwt clwsf/L ;dIf cfTd;d{k0f u/]sf],
-5_ s;"/bf/n] cfk"mn] u/]sf] s;"/ :jLsf/ u/L kLl8tnfO{ Ifltk"lt{
lbO;s]sf] jf lbg d~h'/ u/]sf],


15
-h_ zf/Ll/s, dfgl;s tyf ckfËtfsf] sf/0fn] ubf{ s;"/bf/sf] Ifdtf x«f;
ePsf],
-em_ kLl8t kIf / ;dfhnfO{ x'g uPsf] xflg, gf]S;fgLsf] dfqf pNn]vgLo
gb]lvPsf],
-`_ cbfntdf ;fFrf] s'/f JoQm u/L Goflos k|s[ofdf ;xof]u k'¥ofPsf],
-6_ s;"/ :jLsf/ u/L eljiodf kmf}hbf/L s;"/ gug]{ k|ltj¢tf JoQm
u/]sf],
-7_ s;}sf] axsfp jf bafadf ck/fw u/]sf] .
kl/R5]b– %
;hfo / cGTfl/d Ifltk"lt{ ;DaGwL Joj:yf
$)= ;hfosf k|sf/ M -!_ o; ;+lxtfdf plNnlvt s;"/ u/] afkt x'g] ;hfo b]xfo
adf]lhd x'g] 5g\ M–
-s_ hGd s}b,
-v_ s}b,
-u_ hl/afgf,
-3_ s}b / hl/afgf,
-ª_ Ifltk"lt{,
-r_ hl/afgf jf Ifltk"lt{ glt/] afktsf] s}b,
-5_ s}bsf] ;§f ;'wf/ u[x jf ;fd'bflos ;]jf .
-@_ sfg"gdf s'g} s;"/ afkt ;j{:jsf] ;hfo x'g] /x]5 eg] of] ;+lxtf k|f/De
ePkl5 To:tf] s;"/df ;hfo ubf{ ;j{:j x'g] u/L ;hfo ul/g] 5}g .
-#_ o; bkmfdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg Ps ?k}ofFFeGbf sd
hl/afgf / Ps lbgeGbf sd s}b x'g] u/L ;hfo ul/g] 5}g .
$!= hGd s}b x'g] M o; ;+lxtfdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg b]xfosf] s'g}
s;"/ ug{] s;"/bf/nfO{ hGds}bsf] ;hfo ubf{ To:tf] s;"/bf/ hLljt /x];Dd s}b ug{'
kg{]5 M–

16
-s_ qm"/ oftgf lbO{ jf lgd{dtfk"j{s Hofg df/]sf],

-v_ jfo'ofg ckx/0f u/L jf jfo'ofg ljikmf]6 u/L Hofg df/]sf],
-u_ ckx/0f u/L jf z/L/aGws lnO{ Hofg df/]sf],
-3_ ;fj{hlgs ?kdf pkef]u x'g] k]o jf vfB kbfy{df ljif xfnL Hofg
df/]sf],

-ª_ s'g} hft, hflt jf ;Dk|bfosf] cl:tTj g} ljgfz ug]{ u/L hfltxTof
-h]gf];fO8_ u/]sf] jf ug]{ p2]Zon] s;"/ u/]sf] jf
-r_ hjh{:tL s/0fL u/L Hofg df/]sf] .
$@= hGDf s}bsf] u0fgf M bkmf $! df plNnlvt cj:yfdf afx]s hGd s}bsf] ;hfo u0fgf
ubf{ kRrL; jif{{ s}b ;hfo x'g] u/L u0fgf ug{' kg{]5 .

$#= PsLs[t s;"/ afkt yk ;hfo x'g] M -!_ s'g} JolQmn] Pp6} jf/bftdf PseGbf a9L
s;"/ u/]df To:tf] JolQmn] PsLs[t s;"/ u/]sf] dflgg]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] PsLs[t s;"/ ug]{ s;"/bf/nfO{ ;hfo ubf{
;a}eGbf a9L ;hfo x'g] s;"/ afktsf] ;hfo / To;kl5sf] clwstd ;hfo x'g] csf]{
s;"/ afktsf] ;hfosf] cfwf ;hfo yk u/L ;hfo ug{' kg]{5 .
t/ hGds}bsf] ;hfo x'g] cj:yfsf] s;"/bf/sf] xsdf of] pkbkmf nfu" x'g]
5}g .

$$= yk ;hfo x'g] M -!_ h3Go jf uDeL/ s;"/df ;hfo kfPsf] JolQmn] csf]{ s;"/ u/]df
lghn] kl5Nnf] k6s u/]sf] s;"/df x'g] ;hfosf] bf]Aa/;Dd ;hfo x'g]5 .
t/ hGd s}bsf] ;hfo kfPsf] s;"/bf/sf] xsdf of] bkmf nfu" x'g] 5}g .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ afx]s cGo s;"/df ;hfo kfPsf] JolQmn]
To:tf] ;hfo e'Qmfg u/]sf] kfFr jifl{\eq csf]{ s;"/ u/]df lghnfO{ kl5Nnf] k6s
u/]sf] ;hfosf] bf]Aa/;Dd ;hfo x'g]5 .æ
$%= afnaflnsfnfO{ x'g] ;hfo M -!_ sfg"g adf]lhd s;"/ 7xl/g] s'g} sfd ug]{ JolQmsf]
pd]/ To:tf] sfd ubf{sf avt bz jif{ k'u]sf] /x]g5 eg] lghnfO{ s'g} ;hfo x'g]
5}g .

17

-@_ bz jif{ jf bz jif{eGbf dfly / rf}w jif{eGbf sd pd]/ ePsf] JolQmn]
sfg"g adf]lhd hl/afgf x'g] s'g} s;"/ u/]sf]df hl/afgf gu/L lghnfO{ ;DemfO{
a'emfO{ ug{' kg]{5 / s}b x'g] s;"/ u/]sf]df s;"/ x]/L 5 dlxgf;Dd s}b ;hfo ug{ jf
s}b gu/L a9Ldf Ps jif{;Dd ;'wf/ u[xdf /fVg ;lsg]5 .
-#_ rf}w jif{ jf rf}w jif{eGbf dfly / ;f]¥x jif{eGbf sd pd]/sf] JolQmn]

========= s'g} s;"/ u/]df lghnfO{ pd]/ k'u]sf] JolQmnfO{ sfg"g adf]lhd x'g]
;hfosf] cfwf ;hfo x'g]5 .
-$_ ;f]x| jif{ jf ;f]x| jif{eGbf dfly / c7f/ jif{eGbf sd pd]/sf] JolQmn]

========= s'g} s;"/ u/]df lghnfO{ pd]/ k'u]sf] JolQmnfO{ sfg"g adf]lhd x'g]
;hfosf] b'O{ ltxfO{ ;hfo x'g]5 .

-%_ pkbkmf -@_, -#_ / -$_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg ;f]x| jif{
pd]/ k"/f gePsf afnaflnsfnfO{ ;hfo ubf{ h3Go s;"/, uDeL/ s;"/ jf k6s]
?kdf s;"/ u/]sf]df afx]s s}bsf] ;hfo ug{' x'Fb}g .

$^= hl/afgf afkt s}b ug{ ;lsg] M -!_ s'g} s;"/bf/nfO{ tf]lsPsf] hl/afgf lghsf]
;DklQaf6 c;"n pk/ ul/g]5. lghsf] s'g} ;DklQ gePdf jf To;/L hl/afgf
afktsf] /sd lghaf6 c;"n pk/ x'g g;s]df lghnfO{ s}b ug{ ;lsg]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd s}b lgwf{/0f ubf{ b]xfo adf]lhd ug'{ kg]{5 M–

-s_ s}b / hl/afgf b'j} ;hfo x'g] 7x/ ePsf] s;"/df hl/afgf
glt/] afktsf] s}b lgwf{/0f ubf{{ bz jif{eGbf a9L gx'g] u/L s}b
ug'{ kg]{5 .
-v_ s}b jf hl/afgfdWo] s'g} jf b'j} ;hfo x'g ;Sg] s;"/df
hl/afgf dfqsf] ;hfo eO{ To:tf] hl/afgf glt/] afktsf] s}b
lgwf{/0f ubf{ To:tf]] s;"/df x'g ;Sg] s}bsf] pkNnf] xbsf]
cfwfeGbf a9L gx'g] u/L s}b ug'{ kg]{5 .

मुलुकी संहिता सम्बन्धी केिी नेपाल ऐनलाई संशोधन गने ऐन, २०७५ द्वारा झिककएको ।


मल
ु क
18
-u_ hl/afgf dfq ;hfo x'g] s;"/df hl/afgfsf] ;hfo eO{ ;f]
glt/] afkt s}b lgwf{/0f ubf{{ b'O{ jif{eGbf a9L gx'g] u/L s}b
ug'{ kg]{5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -@_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg c7f/ jif{ pd]/ gk'u]sf]
afnaflnsfsf] xsdf hl/afgf afkt s}b ubf{ b]xfo adf]lhd ug'{ kg]{5 M–
-s_ hl/afgf dfq x'g] jf s}b jf hl/afgfdWo] s'g} Ps
;hfo x'g] s;"/df hl/afgf glt/]sf]df s}b gu/L
hl/afgf ldgfx ug'{ kg]{5 .
-v_ s}b jf hl/afgf jf b'j} ;hfo x'g] s;"/df hl/afgf dfq

;hfo ePsf]df To:tf] hl/afgf glt/] afkt s}b
lgwf{/0f ug'{ kbf{ tLg dlxgfeGbf a9L gx'g] u/L s}b ug'{
kg]{5 .
-u_ rf}w jif{ pd]/ k'u]sf] t/ c7f/ jif{eGbf sd pd]/
ePsf] JolQmnfO{ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd s}b lgwf{/0f ubf{{
c7f/ jif{ pd]/ k'u]sf] JolQmnfO{ ug'{' kg]{ s}b ;hfosf]
cfwfeGbf a9L gx'g] u/L s}b ug'{ kg]{5 .
$&= ;hfo 5'6 lbg ;lsg] M -!_ s'g} s;"/bf/n] cfk"mn] u/]sf] s;"/ :jLsf/ u/L To:tf]
s;"/sf ;DaGwdf k|df0f h'6fpg, cGo cleo'Qm jf To;sf] lu/f]x jf dltof/nfO{
kqmfp ug{ jf cg';GWffg jf cleof]hg kIf jf cbfntnfO{ ;3fp k'¥ofPsf]df sfg"g
adf]lhd x'g] ;hfosf] a9Ldf krf; k|ltzt;Dd ;hfo 5'6 lbg ;lsg]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg b]xfosf] s;"/bf/n]
;hfodf 5'6 kfpg ;Sg] 5}g M–
-s_ pkbkmf -!_ cGtu{t Ps k6s ;hfo 5'6 kfO;s]sf],
-v_ s}b ;hfo x'g] s;"/df bf]ifL 7x/ eO{ s}b e'Qmfg u/]sf] cjlw
tLg jif{ k"/f gu/]sf],
-u_ h'g s;"/df ;hfo 5'6 dfu ul/Psf] xf] ;f]xL k|s[ltsf] s;"/df
Ps k6s ;hfo kfO;s]sf] .
19
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd ;hfodf 5'6 lbFbf cleo'Qmn] cg';Gwfg jf k'k{Ifsf]
s'g cj:yfdf s;"/ :jLsf/ u/]sf] xf] / s:tf] kl/l:yltdf To:tf] s;"/ :jLsf/ u/]sf]
xf] To:tf] s'/fnfO{ ;d]t ljrf/ ug'{ kg]{5 .

$*= cGtl/d Ifltk"lt{sf] nflu cfb]z lbg ;Sg] M -!_ o; ;+lxtfdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f
n]lvPsf] eP tfklg s'g} s;"/ ePsf] sf/0faf6 To:tf] s;"/af6 kLl8t JolQm jf
lghdf cfl>t JolQmnfO{ tTsfn pkrf/ u/fpg' kg]{ ePdf jf Ifltk"lt{ jf s'g}
k|sf/sf] /fxt /sd lbg' k/]df To:tf] JolQmnfO{ cf}ifwf]krf/ u/fpg jf cGtl/d ?kdf
Ifltk"lt{ jf /fxt /sd pknAw u/fpg cbfntn] cfb]z lbg ;Sg]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] cfb]z ePdf s;"/af6 kLl8t jf lghsf cfl>t
JolQmnfO{ kmf}hbf/L s;"/df ;hfo lgwf{/0f / sfof{Gjog ;DaGwL k|rlnt sfg"g
adf]lhd :yfkgf ePsf] kLl8t /fxt sf]ifaf6 Ifltk"lt{ jf /fxt /sd pknAw u/fpg'
kg]{5.
-#_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd pknAw u/fOPsf] Ifltk"lt{ jf /fxt /sd cbfntaf6
km};nf x'Fbf cleof]u nfu]sf] JolQm s;"/bf/ 7x/ ePdf To:tf] s;"/bf/nfO{ km};nf
ePsf] k}+tL; lbgleq To:tf] /sd kLl8t /fxt sf]ifdf hDdf ug{ cbfntn] cfb]z
lbg]5.
-$_ pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhd cbfntn] cfb]z lbPsf]df To:tf] s;"/bf/n] Ifltk"lt{
jf /fxt afktsf] /sd kLl8t /fxt sf]ifdf hDdf ug{' kg]{5 / lghn] ;f] cjlwdf
To:tf] /sd hDdf gu/]df km};nf ePsf] ;f7L lbgleq To:tf] s;"/bf/sf] h'g;'s}
hfoh]yfaf6 ;/sf/L afFsL ;/x c;"n pk/ ug{' kg]{5.
-%_ o; bkmf adf]lhd Ifltk"lt{ jf /fxt /sd kfPsf] JolQmn] em'§f ph'/L
u/]sf] 7x/]df jf jf/bft :yflkt gePdf lghn] Ifltk"lt{ jf /fxt afkt kfPsf] /sd
lkmtf{ ug{ cbfntn] cfb]z lbg]5.
-^_ pkbkmf -%_ adf]lhd cbfntn] cfb]z lbPsf]df To:tf] JolQmn] Ifltk"lt{ jf
/fxt afkt kfPsf] /sd km};nf ePsf] k}+tL; lbgleq kLl8t /fxt sf]ifdf lkmtf{ ug{'
kg]{5 / lghn] ;f] cjlwdf To:tf] /sd lkmtf{ gu/]df km};nf ePsf] ;f7L lbgleq
To:tf] JolQmsf] h'g;'s} hfoh]yfaf6 ;/sf/L afFsL ;/x c;'n pk/ ug{' kg]{5.

20
efu –@
kmf}hbf/L s;"/x?
kl/R5]b – !
/fHo lj?4sf s;"/
$(= ;fj{ef}d;Qf, cv08tf jf /fli6«o Pstf pk/ vnn ug{ gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] g]kfnsf]
:jtGqtf, ;fj{ef}d;Qf, ef}uf]lns jf k|fb]lzs cv08tf jf /fli6«o Pstfdf vnn kfg]{
lgotn] dflg;, xftxltof/ / v/vhfgf hDdf ug{, xftxltof/ ;lxt ;}lgs jf
cw{;}lgs ;Ë7g lgdf{0f ug{ jf To:tf] sfo{ ug]{ pBf]u ug{' x'Fb}g .
-@_ s;}n] g]kfnsf] :jtGqtf, ;fj{ef}d;Qf, ef}uf]lns jf k|fb]lzs cv08tf
jf /fli6«o Pstfdf vnn kfg{ ;Sg] u/L s'g} ljb]zL /fHo, ;/sf/ jf ;Ël7t zlQm;Fu
ldnL s'g} k|sf/sf] if8\oGq ug'{ jf u/fpg' x'Fb}g .
-#_ s;}n] pkbkmf -!_ jf -@_ cGtu{tsf] s;"/ ug{ b'?T;fxg lbg' x'Fb}g .
-$_ s;}n] g]kfnsf] ;fj{ef}d;Qf, ef}uf]lns jf k|fb]lzs cv08tf, /fli6«otf jf
/fli6«o Pstf, g]kfnsf] :jfwLgtf, :jfledfg jf ;ª\3Lo OsfO{larsf] ;';DaGw vnn
kg{ ;Sg] u/L juL{o, hftLo, wfld{s, If]qLo, ;fDk|bfoLs / o:t} c? s'g} cfwf/df
3[0ff, å]if jf cjx]ngf pTkGg x'g] s'g} sfd sf/afxL ug{ jf u/fpg jf To:tf] ug]{
pBf]u ug{ jf b'?T;fxg lbg jf To:tf] sfd ug]{ if8oGq ug{ jf ljleGg hft, hflt
jf ;Dk|bfolarsf] ;'';DaGw vnn ug{' jf u/fpg' x'Fb}g .
-%_ o; bkmf adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ug]{ jf u/fpg] JolQmnfO{ b]xfo adf]lhd ;hfo
x'g]5 M–
-s_ pkbkmf -!_ jf -@_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ eP hGds}b,
-v_ pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ eP bz jif{;Dd s}b / Ps nfv
?k}ofF;Dd hl/afgf,
-u_ pkbkmf -$_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ eP kfFr jif{;Dd s}b / krf;
xhf/ ?k}ofF;Dd hl/afgf .
%)= /fhb|f]x M -!_ g]kfn ;/sf/ jf ;+j}wflgs ;+/rgfnfO{ kN6fpg] lgotn] s;}n] ;}lgs,
cw{;}lgs jf cfk/flws ansf] k|bz{g jf k|of]u u/L s'g} cJoj:yf pTkGg ug{ jf
21
xftxltof/ ;lxt ;}lgs jf cw{;}lgs ;Ë7g lgdf{0f ug{ jf To:tf] if8\oGq jf pBf]u
ug{ jf u/fpg jf b'?T;fxg lbg x'Fb}g .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ug]{ JolQmnfO{ kRrL; jif{;Dd s}b x'g]5 .
-#_ g]kfn ;/sf/ jf g]kfn ;/sf/sf] sfd sf/afxLsf] ;DaGwdf s;}n] n]v]/,
jrgn], cfsf/ jf lrXgåf/f jf c? s'g} lsl;daf6 lg/fwf/ jf ck|dfl0ft s'/f b]vfO{
g]kfn ;/sf/k|lt 3[0ff, å]if jf cjx]ngf ug{ jf u/fpg jf To:tf] pBf]u ug{ u/fpg
x'Fb}g .
t/ o; pkbkmfdf n]lvPsf] s'g} s'/fn] g]kfn ;/sf/sf] :j:y / dof{lbt
cfnf]rgf u/]sf]nfO{ s;"/ u/]sf] dflgg] 5}g .
-$_ pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ug]{ JolQmnfO{ tLg jif{;Dd s}b jf tL;
xhf/ ?k}ofFF;Dd hl/afgf x'g]5 .
%!= /fi6«lxt k|lts"n sfd ug{ gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] /fi6«lxt k|lts"n x'g] s'g} sfd ug{' jf
u/fpg' x'Fb}g .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ sf] k|of]hgsf nflu s;}n] b]xfosf] s'g} sfd u/] jf u/fPdf
/fi6«lxt k|lts"n sfd u/]sf] dflgg]5 M–
-s_ g]kfnsf] :jtGqtf, ;fj{ef}d;Qf, ef}uf]lns jf k|fb]lzs
cv08tf, /fli6«otf, :jfwLgtf, :jfledfg jf g]kfnsf]
cGt//fli6«o 5lj pk/ ckdfg x'g], xf]Rofpg] jf 3[0ff jf å}if
km}nfpg],
-v_ g]kfnsf] cGt//fli6«o ;Ldf cltqmd0f ug]{ jf l5d]sL d'n's;Fu
;xdlt ePsf] cj:yfdf afx]s ;Ldf:tDe x6fpg] jf
;Ldf:tDe /flvPsf] 7fpF kl/jt{g ug]{ jf g]kfnsf] ef}uf]lns jf
k|fb]lzs cv08tf pk/ k|lts"n x'g] u/L ;Ldf:tDe kl/jt{g
ug]{ .
-#_ g]kfnsf] k|ltlglwTj u/L g]kfndf jf ljb]zL d'n'sdf s'g} v]nf8L jf
v]nf8Lx?;Fu k|lt:kwf{ ug{ s'g} v]n v]Ng] g]kfnL v]nf8L jf v]nf8Lx?sf] ;d"xn]
To:tf] v]nsf] k|lt:kwf{af6 cfpg] :jfefljs kl/0ffdnfO{ k|lts"n x'g] u/L ldnf]dtf]df
jf s;}sf] k|nf]egdf jf s'g} afhL lhtfpg] jf x/fpg] u/L To:tf] v]n v]Ng jf
22
v]nfpg xF'b}g / To;/L s'g} v]n v]lnPsf] /x]5 eg] /fli6«o lxt lj?4sf] s;"/ ePsf]
dflgg]5 .
-$_ pkbkmf -@_ jf -#_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ug]{ JolQmnfO{ b]xfosf] ;hfo
x'g]5 M–
-s_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ eP kfFr jif{;Dd s}b / krf;
xhf/ ?k}ofF;Dd hl/afgf,
-v_ pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ eP tLg jif{;Dd s}b / tL;
xhf/ ?k}ofF;Dd hl/afgf .
-%_ s;}n] pkbkmf -@_ jf -#_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ubf{ s'g} /sd n]gb]g u/]sf]
ePdf pkbkmf -$_ adf]lhdsf] ;hfosf cltl/Qm n]gb]g u/]sf] /sd ;d]t hkmt
x'g]5 .
-^_ pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ug]{ cfb]z jf lgb]{zg lbg], To:tf] s;"/ ug{
b'?T;fxg lbg] jf pS;fpg], To:tf] s;"/ ug{ d2t ug]{ JolQmnfO{ d'Vo s;"/bf/ ;/x
;hfo x'g]5 .
-&_ pkbkmf -@_ jf -#_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ;fj{hlgs kb wf/0f u/]sf] JolQm jf
g]kfnnfO{ k|ltlglwTj ug]{ JolQmn] ljb]zdf uPsf avt u/]sf] /x]5 eg] lghnfO{ tLg
jif{;Dd yk s}b x'g]5 .
%@= hfltxTof ug{ gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] klg hfltxTof -h]gf];fO8_ sf] s;"/ ug{' jf u/fpg'
x'Fb}g .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ sf] k|of]hgsf nflu s'g} hft, hflt, ;Dk|bfo jf wld{s
;d"xsf] cl:tTj k"0f{ jf cf+lzs ?kdf ljgfz ug]{ lgotn] b]xfosf] s'g} sfd u/]df jf
To;sf] pBf]u jf if8oGq u/]df hfltxTofsf] s;"/ u/]sf] dflgg]5 M–
-s_ Ps} k6s jf k6sk6s u/L To:tf] ;d"xsf ;b:ox?sf]
of]hgfa4 ?kdf cfdxTof u/]df,
-v_ Ps} k6s jf k6sk6s u/L of]hgfa4 ?kdf To:tf] ;d"xsf
;b:ox?sf] zf/Ll/s cËeË u/]df jf lghx?nfO{ zf/Ll/s jf
dfgl;s czQm agfPdf,
23
-u_ To:tf] ;d"xsf ;b:ox?sf] k"0f{ jf cf+lzs ?kdf ef}lts ljgfz

x'g] cfFsng u/L To:tf ;b:ox?n] k|of]u ug]{ kfgL, vfBfGg,
OGwg, cf}iflw h:tf cTofjZos j:t'sf] cfk"lt{ jf cfjfudgdf
cj/f]w u/L To:tf ;d"xsf ;b:osf] hLjg ofkgsf zt{x?nfO{
lgof]lht ?kdf si6k|b agfPdf,
-3_ :j}R5fn] ckgfPsf] kl/jf/ lgof]hgsf ;fwg k|of]u u/]sf]df
afx]s To:tf ;d"xleq lzz'x?sf] hGd /f]Sg] lgotn] To:tf
;d"xsf ;b:ox?nfO{ ha/h:tL ue{ lg/f]ws pkfo ckgfpg
afWo kfl/Pdf,
-ª_ To:tf ;d"xaf6 hlGdPsf afnaflnsfnfO{ ha/h:tL csf]{
;d"xdf x:tfGt/0f u/]df .
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ug]{ JolQmnfO{ b]xfo adf]lhd ;hfo x'g]5 M–
-s_ v08 -s_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ eP hGds}b,
-v_ v08 -v_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ eP o; ;+lxtf adf]lhd zf/Ll/s
cËeË jf s'6lk6 afkt x'g] ;hfodf yk kfFr jif{;Dd s}b /
krf; xhf/ ?k}ofF;Dd hl/afgf,
-u_ v08 -u_, -3_ jf -ª_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ eP bz jif{;Dd s}b .
-$_ o; bkmf adf]lhdsf] s;"/ s'g} JolQm jf s'g} ;Ël7t jf c;Ël7t ;d"xsf]
cfb]z jf lgb]{zgaf6 ePsf] /x]5 eg] To:tf] lgb]{zg lbg] JolQm jf To:tf] ;d"xsf]
lhDd]jf/ JolQm jf JolQmx?nfO{ d'Vo s;"/bf/ ;/x ;hfo x'g]5 .
-%_ o; bkmf adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ;fd'lxs ?kdf jf ljleGg JolQmx?sf]
;+nUgtfdf ePsf] /x]5 eg] To:tf] s;"/df ;+nUg k|To]s JolQm ;dfg ?kdf s;"/bf/
dflgg]5 .
-^_ o; bkmf adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ug]{ s'g} JolQmn] ;fj{hlgs kb wf/0f u/]sf] eP
lghn] cfkm"eGbf dflysf] clwsf/Lsf] cfb]z kfngf ug]{ jf sfg"g / Joj:yf sfod
ug]{ jf sfg"g sfof{Gjog ug]{ l;nl;nfdf To:tf] s;"/ ePsf] bfaL lng ;Sg] 5}g /
lghn] To:tf] bfaL lnPsf] cfwf/df ;hfoaf6 5'6 jf pGd'lQm kfpg] 5}g .
24
%#= g]kfn lj?å o'4 ug{ jf g]kfn;Fu o'4df ;+nUg /fHosf ;]gfnfO{ ;xfotf ug{ gx'g] M -
!_ s;}n] g]kfn la?4 xftxltof/ p7fO{ o'4 ug{ jf o'4 ug{] 3f]if0ff ug{, o'4 ug]{
pBf]u ug{ jf wDsL lbg jf g]kfn la?4 o'4 ug]{ lgotn] xftxltof/, v/vhfgf hDdf
ug{ jf ;}lgs jf cw{;}lgs ;Ë7g lgdf{0f ug'{ x'Fb}g .
-@_ s;}n] o'4 l:yltsf] 3f]if0ff ePsf] jf gePsf] h'g;'s} cj:yfdf klg
g]kfn;Fu o'4df ;+nUg /x]sf s'g} ljb]zL ;]gfnfO{ s'g} lsl;dsf] ;fdl/s jf ;}lgs
;"rgf lbg jf cGo s'g} lsl;daf6 ;xfotf ug{ jf To;sf] pBf]u ug{ x'Fb}g .
-#_ g]kfn;Fu o'4df ;+nUg /x]sf] /fHo, To:tf] /fHosf gful/s jf ;Ël7t
;+:yf;Fu ;DaGw /fVg, sf/f]af/ ug{ jf To:tf] /fHosf j:t' jf ;]jf k}7f/L jf k|fKt
ug{ g;Sg] u/L g]kfn ;/sf/af6 3f]if0ff ePsf]df s;}n] To:tf] /fHo, gful/s jf
;+:yf;Fu To:tf] ;DaGw /fVg, sf/f]af/ ug{ jf To:tf j:t' jf ;]jf k}7f/L jf k|fKt ug{
x'Fb}g .
-$_ pkbkmf -!_ jf -@_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ug]{ jf u/fpg] JolQmnfO{ hGd s}b /
pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ug]{ jf u/fpg] JolQmnfO{ kRrL; jif{;Dd s}b / Ps
nfv krf; xhf/ ?k}ofFF;Dd hl/afgf x'g]5 .
%$= ldq /fi6« la?4 o'4 jf ljb|f]x ug{ gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] g]kfnsf] e"dL k|of]u u/L g]kfn;Fu
bf}To ;DaGw ePsf] ldq /fi6« la?4 xftxltof/ p7fO{ o'4 ug{, To;sf] wDsL lbg jf
o'4 ug]{ pBf]u ug{ jf lab|f]x ug{ jf ;f]sf] pBf]u ug{ x'Fb}g .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ug]{ jf u/fpg] JolQmnfO{ ;ft jif{;Dd s}b
/ ;Q/L xhf/ ?k}ofFF;Dd hl/afgf x'g]5 .
%%= ;}lgs jf k|x/LnfO{ e8sfpg gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] g]kfnL ;]gf, g]kfn k|x/L jf ;z:q
k|x/L an, g]kfndf axfn /x]sf ;}lgs, k|x/L jf ;z:q k|x/L hjfg jf clws[tnfO{
g]kfnL ;]gf jf g]kfn k|x/L jf ;z:q k|x/L an, g]kfn 5f8L efUg jf e8\sfpg jf
cg'zf;g eË ug{ b'?T;fxg lbg jf st{Joaf6 ljrlnt u/fpg] pBf]u ug{ jf To;/L
;]gf jf k|x/L jf anaf6 efu]sf] JolQm xf] eGg] hfgLhfgL jf ljZjf; ug]{ sf/0f eO{
To:tf] JolQmnfO{ cf>o lbg x'Fb}g .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ug{] jf u/fpg] JolQmnfO{ bz jif{;Dd s}b /
Ps nfv ?k}ofF;Dd hl/afgf x'g]5 .
25
%^= hf;";L ug{ gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] g]kfnsf] ;fj{ef}d;Qf, ;'/Iff jf ef}uf]lns jf k|fb]lzs
cv08tfdf vnn kfg{] jf g]kfnsf] lxtdf s'g} k|lts"n c;/ kfg]{ lgotn] jf To:tf]
x'g ;S5 eGg] hfgLhfgL jf s'g} ljb]zL /fHo jf cGt//fli6«o ;+3, ;+:yfsf] k|nf]egdf
k/L s;}nfO{ g]kfnsf] ;}lgs l:ylt, ;fdl/s Joj:yf jf cfGtl/s ;'/Iffsf] ljifo jf
g]kfn ;/sf/n] /fhgLlts, cfly{s jf s"6gLlts b[li6sf]0fn] uf]Ko /fVg kg]{ ljifo jf
uf]Ko lnvt jf sfg"g adf]lhd uf]Ko /x]sf] jf /fVg' kg]{ ljifosf] ;"rgf lbg jf
To;sf] if8\oGq jf pBf]u ug{ jf b'?T;fxg lbg jf To:tf] ;"rgf lbg] lgotn] cGo
s'g} sfd ug{ x'Fb}g / u/]df hf;";L u/]sf] dflgg]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd hf;";L ug]{ jf u/fpg] JolQmnfO{ b]xfo adf]lhdsf]
;hfo x'g]5 M–
-s_ g]kfnsf] ;}lgs l:ylt, ;fdl/s Joj:yf jf cfGtl/s ;'/Iffsf]
ljifosf ;DaGwdf hf;";L ug]{ jf u/fpg] JolQmnfO{ kRrL;
jif{;Dd s}b,
-v_ g]kfn ;/sf/n] /fhgLlts, cfly{s jf s"6gLlts b[li6sf]0fn]
uf]Ko /fVg' kg]{ ljifo jf cGo s'g} uf]Ko lnvtsf ;DaGwdf
hf;";L ug]{ jf u/fpg] JolQmnfO{ kfFrb]lv bz jif{;Dd s}b,
-u_ v08 -s_ / -v_ afx]s cGo s'/fsf] hf;";L ug]{ jf u/fpg]

JolQmnfO{ kfFr jif{;Dd s}b / krf; xhf/ ?k}ofF;Dd
hl/afgf,
-3_ s;}n] hf;";L ug{ nfu]sf] yfxf kfP/ klg g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{

To:tf] s'/fsf] hgfp glbg] JolQmnfO{ Ps jif{;Dd s}b / Ps
nfv ?k}ofF;Dd hl/afgf .
%&= /fi6«klt pk/ cfqmd0f ug{ gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] g]kfnsf] /fi6«kltsf] Hofg lng jf Hofg
lng] pBf]u ug{ xF'b}g .
-@_ s;}n] g]kfnsf] /fi6«kltnfO{ s'g} lsl;dn] ckx/0f ug'{ jf u/fpg' jf
lghsf] z/L/ aGws lng jf lng nufpg' xF'b}g .
-#_ s;}n] g]kfnsf] /fi6«klt pk/ s'g} lsl;dn] cfqmd0f ug{' jf u/fpg' xF'b}g .

मल
ु क
26
-$_ o; bkmf adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ug]{ JoltmnfO{ b]xfo adf]lhd ;hfo x'g]5 M–
-s_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ eP hGds}b,
-v_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ eP bz jif{b]lv kGw| jif{;Dd s}b,
-u_ pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ eP kfFr jif{b]lv bz jif{;Dd
s}b .
%*= /fi6«klt jf ;+;bnfO{ wDsL lbg gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] g]kfnsf] /fi6«klt jf ;+;bnfO{
;+ljwfg tyf sfg"g adf]lhd ug'{ kg]{ sfo{ ;Dkfbg ug{af6 /f]s nufpg jf al~rt
ug{ jf s'g} vf; tl/sfaf6 sfo{ ;Dkfbg ug{ jfWo u/fpg s'g} lsl;dsf] an k|of]u
u/L jf gu/L s'g} lsl;dsf] wDsL lbg, 8/ jf qf; b]vfpg jf cGo s'g} lsl;dn]
bafj lbg x'Fb}g .
jf ;Q/L xhf/ ?k}ofFF;Dd hl/afgf jf b'j} ;hfo x'g]5 .
:ki6Ls/0f M o; bkmfsf] k|of]hgsf] nflu æ;+;bÆ eGgfn] g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfg adf]lhdsf]
;ª\3Lo ;+;b / k|b]z ;ef ;Demg' k5{ / ;f] zAbn] Joj:yflksf–;+;bnfO{ ;d]t
hgfpF5 .
%(= xbDofb M -!_ bkmf $(, %), %!, %@, %# / %& cGtu{tsf s;"/df hlxn] ;'s} klg
ph'/ nfUg ;Sg]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ df plNnlvt bkmf afx]s o; kl/R5]b cGtu{tsf cGo bkmf
cGtu{tsf] s;"/df To:tf] s;"/ ePsf] yfxf kfPsf]] ldltn] b'O{ jif{ gf3]kl5 ph'/
nfUg] 5}g .
kl/R5]b –@
;fj{hlgs zflGt lj?4sf] s;"/
^)= u}/sfg"gL e]nf ug{ gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] u}/sfg"gL e]nf ug{ x'Fb}g .
-@_ b]xfosf] s'g} sfd ug]{ p2]Zon] ePsf] kfFr hgf jf kfFr hgfeGbf a9L
JolQmx?sf] e]nfnfO{ u}/sfg"gL e]nf dflgg] 5 M–
-s_ ansf] k|of]u jf k|bz{g u/L jf hf]lvdL xftxltof/ k|bz{g u/L,
27
-!_ /fi6«;]jsnfO{ sfg"gn] tf]s]sf] sfd ug{ jf st{Jo

kfngf ug{ glbg],
-@_ s;}sf] ;DklQ lng] jf sAhf ug]{,
-#_ s;}nfO{ af6f], kfgL, ;fj{hlgs oftfoft jf
;~rf/ jf cGo o:t} s'g} s'/f pkef]u ug]{ xsaf6
al~rt ug]{,
-$_ s'g} JolQmnfO{ sfg"gn] ug{ gx'g] sfd ug{ nufpg]
jf sfg"gn] ug{ kfpg] sfd ug{ glbg] .
-v_ s'g} sfg"g jf sfg"gL sf/afxLsf] sfof{Gjogdf afwf cj/f]w
v8f ug]{,
-u_ s}bsf] ;hfo x'g] s'g} s;"/ ug]{ .
-#_ u}/sfg"gL e]nf xf] eGg] s'/f yfxf kfpF+bf kfpF+b} s'g} JolQm To:tf] e]nfdf
;xefuL ePdf lghnfO{ xftxltof/ glnO{ ;xefuL ePsf] eP 5 dlxgf;Dd s}b /
kfFr xhf/ ?k}ofFF;Dd hl/afgf / xftxltof/ lnP/ ;xefuL ePsf] eP Ps jif{;Dd
s}b jf bz xhf/ ?k}ofFF;Dd hl/afgf jf b'j} ;hfo x'g]5 .
-$_ s;}n] cfk"m ;xefuL geO{ s;}nfO{ Hofnf lbO{ jf c? s'g} lsl;dn]
k|nf]eg jf bjfjdf kf/L s'g} u}/sfg"gL e]nfdf ;xefuL u/fPdf lgh :jo+ To:tf]
u}/sfg"gL e]nfdf ;xefuL ePsf] dfgL pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhdsf] ;hfo x'g]5 .
^!= u}/sfg"gL e]nf /f]Sg] jf eË ug]{ cfb]z pNnª\3g ug{ gx'g] M -!_ clwsf/ k|fKt
clwsf/Ln] s'g} u}/sfg"gL e]nfnfO{ /f]Sg jf eË ug{ cfb]z lbPsf]df s;}n] To:Tff]
e]nfdf /lx/xg jf ;xefuL x'g x'Fb}g .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd u}/sfg"gL e]nfdf /xL /xg], ;xefuL x'g] jf ;xefuL
x'g cfpg] JolQmnfO{ Ps jif{;Dd s}b jf bz xhf/ ?k}ofF;Dd hl/afgf jf b'j} ;hfo
x'g]5 .
^@= k|To]s ;b:on] s;"/ u/]sf] dflgg] M u}/sfg"gL e]nfsf] s'g} ;b:on] To:tf] e]nfsf]
p2]Zo k|fKt ug{sf] nflu s'g} s;"/ u/]df To:tf] s;"/ x'Fbfsf] avt To:tf] s;"/ ug{
hfgLhfgL ;xof]u k'¥ofpg] ;f] e]nfsf k|To]s ;b:on] To:tf] s;"/ u/]sf] dflgg]5 .
^#= x"nbËf ug{ gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] x"nbËf ug{ jf u/fpg x'Fb}g .
28
-@_ s'g} u}/sfg"gL e]nfn] jf To:tf] e]nfsf] ;xefuLn] To:tf] e]nfsf] p2]Zo
k|fKt ug{] l;nl;nfdf an k|of]u u/]df jf ;fj{hlgs jf lghL ;DklQ tf]8kmf]8 jf
xflg, gf]S;fgL u/]df To:tf]] e]nfsf] k|To]s ;xefuLn] x"nbËf u/]sf] dflgg]5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ug]{ k|To]s JolQmnfO{ hf]lvdL xftxltof/
lnO{ u/]sf] eP b'O{ jif{;Dd s}b / aL; xhf/ ?k}ofF;Dd hl/afgf / hf]lvdL
xftlxtof/ glnO{ u/]sf] eP Ps jif{;Dd s}b / bz xhf/ ?k}ofF;Dd hl/afgf x'g]5 .
^$= x"nbËf ug{ b'?T;fxg lbg g'x'g] M -!_ s;}n] x"nbËf u/fpg] lgotn] jf x"nbËf x'g
;S5 eGg] hfgLhfgL s'g} JolQmnfO{ x"nbËf ug{ b'?T;fxg lbg xF'b}g .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd b'?T;fxg lbg] JolQmnfO{ x"nbËf eO;s]sf]df Ps
jif{;Dd / x"nbËf eO;s]sf] /x]g5 eg] 5 dlxgf;Dd s}b jf kfFr xhf/ ?k}ofFF;Dd
hl/afgf jf b'j} ;hfo x'g]5 .
^%= ;fj{hlgs zflGt vnn kfg{ gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] n]v]/, jrgn] jf cfsf/ jf lrXgåf/f
jf c? s'g} lsl;daf6 wd{, j0f{, hft, hflt, ;Dk|bfo jf efiffsf] cfwf/df g]kfnsf
ljleGg ju{, If]q jf ;d'bfosf JolQmx?sf larsf] ;';DaGWfdf vnn kfg]{ sfd ug{
x'Fb}g .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ug]{ jf u/fpg] JolQmnfO{ Ps jif{;Dd s}b /
bz xhf/ ?k}ofF;Dd hl/afgf x'g]5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ s'g} b]j:yn jf k"hf jf k|fy{gf ug]{ 7fpF jf
wfld{s, ;fF:s[lts rf8 jf ;df/f]x eO/x]sf] 7fpFdf u/]sf] eP pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhdsf]
;hfodf yk Ps jif{;Dd s}b x'g]5 .
^^= /fi6«;]jsnfO{ afwf lj/f]w ug{ gx'g] M -!_ s'g} /fi6«;]jsn] cfk\mgf] st{Jo kfng ug]{
l;nl;nfdf u}/ sfg"gL e]nf /f]Sg], eË ug]{ jf x"nbËf /f]Sg] s'g} sfd ubf{ s;}n] afwf
lj/f]w k'¥ofpg jf k'¥ofpg] pBf]u ug'{ x'Fb}g .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ug]{ jf u/fpg] JolQmnfO{ Ps jif{;Dd s}b
jf bz xhf/ ?k}ofF;Dd hl/afgf jf b'j} ;hfo x'g]5 .
^&= ;fj{hlgs :yfgdf cfjfudgdf afwf ug{ gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] ;fj{hlgs ;8s, af6f]
3f6f], /Hh'dfu{, s]j'nsf/ dfu{, ljdfg:yn, /]Nj] jf hnkl/jxg dfu{ jf x'nfs / s'g}
;fj{hlgs ;]jfsf] ;~rfngdf s'g} lsl;dsf] 8/, qf;, eo b]vfO{ aGb ug{ jf s'g}
29
lsl;daf6 ;fj{hlgs ;8s, af6f]3f6f], /Hh'dfu{, s]j'nsf/ dfu{, ljdfg:yn, /]Nj] jf

hnkl/jxg dfu{ cj?4 u/L k}bn ofqL, ;jf/L ;fwg jf kz'sf] cfjfudgnfO{ afwf
k'¥ofpg jf sfg"g adf]lhd clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Lsf] cfb]zn] afx]s ;fj{hlgs
7fpFdf s;}nfO{ k|j]z ug{ s'g} lsl;dn] afwf, cj/f]w ug{ x'Fb}g .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ug]{ jf u/fpg] JolQmnfO{ tLg jif{;Dd s}b
jf tL; xhf/ ?k}ofFF;Dd hl/afgf jf b'j} ;hfo x'g]5 .
^*= ;fj{hlgs ;]jf cj?4 ug{ gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] ;fj{hlgs ljB't jf b"/;~rf/ jf To:t}
k|s[ltsf cGo ;fj{hlgs ;]jf jf sfg"g adf]lhdsf] ;fj{hlgs ;]jf ;~rfngdf s'g}
lsl;dsf] 8/ qf;, b]vfO{ aGb ug{ jf s'g} lsl;dn] cj?4 ug{ x'Fb}g .
jf tL; xhf/ ?k}ofFF;Dd hl/afgf x'g]5 .
^(= sk\mo"{ pNnª\3g ug{ gx'g] M -!_ u}/sfg"gL e]nf jf x"nbËf jf zflGt eË x'g] cGo s'g}
sfdnfO{ /f]Sg sfg"g adf]lhd clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Ln] lbPsf] sk\mo"{ cfb]znfO{ s;}n]
hfgLhfgL pNnª\3g ug{ x'Fb}g .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ ad]flhdsf] s;"/ ug]{ jf u/fpg] JolQmnfO{ Ps jif{;Dd s}b
&)= e'm¶f ckmafx k}mnfpg gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] ;fj{hlgs zflGt eË ug]{, x"nbËf ug]{ jf
g]kfnsf] ;fj{ef}d;Qf, ef}uf]lns jf k|fb]lzs cv08tf jf ljleGg hft, hflt jf
;Dk|bfolarsf] ;'dw'/ ;DaGwnfO{ vnn kfg]{ lgotn] s;}nfO{ pS;fpg] u/L geP
gu/]sf] ckmafx k}mnfpg, k|rf/ k|;f/ ug{ jf gf/f h'n'z ug{ x'Fb}g .

&!= zflGt eË ug{ 3/, hUuf jf ;jf/L ;fwg lbg gx'g] M -!_ s'g} JolQmn] ;fj{hlgs
zflGt eË ug{ jf x"nbËf ug{ nfu]sf] s'/f yfxf kfpFbf kfpFb} jf yfxf kfpg' kg]{
dgfl;a sf/0f x'Fbf xF'b} To:tf] JolQmnfO{ s;}n] klg cfk\mgf] 3/, hUuf, ;jf/L ;fwg
jf xftxltof/ pknJw u/fpg x'Fb}g .

मल
ु क
30
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ug]{ JolQmnfO{ 5 dlxgf;Dd s}b jf kfFr
xhf/ ?k}ofF;Dd hl/afgf jf b'j} ;hfo x'g]5 .
&@= ;+j]bgzLn ;fj{hlgs If]qdf dzfn h'n'z ug{ gx'g] M -!_ g]kfnsf] ;fj{ef}d;Qf,
ef}uf]lns jf k|fb]lzs cv08tf, ;'/Iff, ;fj{hlgs zflGt jf lzi6frf/sf] sf/0fn]
clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Lsf] cfb]zaf6 ;+j]bgzLn ;fj{hlgs If]q egL tf]lsPsf]] s'g}
7fpFdf s;}n] ;fj{hlgs zflGt eË ug{] lgotn] dzfn h'n'z, cfuf]hGo jf
k|HjngzLn j:t' lnO{ h'n'z, ;ef ug{ jf u/fpg x'Fb}g .
xhf/ ?k}ofFF;Dd hl/afgf jf b'j} ;hfo x'g]5 .

&#= cfjZos j:t' tf]8kmf]8 jf xflg, gf]S;fgL ug{ gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] o; kl/R5]b
cGtu{tsf] s'g} s;"/ u/L sfg"g adf]lhd cfjZos j:t' dflgg] s'g} j:t' jf
;fj{hlgs jf lghL ;DklQ xflg, gf]S;fgL, tf]8kmf]8 jf cfuhgL ug{ jf u/fpg jf
c? s;}nfO{ k|of]u u/L jf cfkm}Fn] To:tf] j:t' jf ;DklQ laufg{' x'Fb}g .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ug{] JolQmnfO{ o; kl/R5]b adf]lhdsf]
s;"/df x'g] ;hfodf yk Ps jif{ s}b jf bz xhf/ ?k}ofF;Dd hl/afgf jf b'j} ;hfo
x'g]5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/af6 To:tf] j:t' jf ;DklQsf] xflg, gf]S;fgL
eO;s]sf] /x]5 eg] To;sf] ljuf] adf]lhdsf] Ifltk"lt{ ;d]t lghaf6 e/fpg' kg]{5 .
-$_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ug]{ JolQm olsg ePsf]df ;f]xL JolQm /
To:tf] JolQm olsg gePsf]df To:tf] sfd ug{ pS;fpg] jf cfb]z lbg] JolQmn] s;"/
u/]sf] dflgg]5 .
&$= xbDofb M o; kl/R5]b cGtu{tsf] s;"/df To:tf] s;"/ ePsf] ldltn] tLg dlxgf
gf3]kl5 ph'/ nfUg] 5}g .

31
kl/R5]b –#
;fj{hlgs clwsf/Lsf] clVtof/Lsf] cj1f ;DaGwL s;"/
&%= ;dfXjfg, Otnfogfdf OToflbsf] tfd]nLdf afwf k'¥ofpg gx'g] M -!_ sfg"g adf]lhd
hf/L ePsf] ;dfXjfg, Otnfogfdf, kqmfp k"hL{, ;"rgf jf cfb]z tfd]n ubf{ jf
vfgtnf;L, a/fdb jf gfk gS;f jf ;h{ldg ubf{ jf jf/]G6 adf]lhd s;}nfO{ kqmfp
ubf{ s;}n] klg afwf la/f]w ug{ jf u/fpg x'Fb}g .
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ /fi6«;]jsn] u/]sf] eP lghnfO{ tLg
dlxgf;Dd yk s}b ;hfo x'g]5 .
&^= ;dfXjfg, Otnfogfdf, ;"rgf jf cfb]z ga'emL kmsf{pg gx'g] M -!_ s'g} JolQmnfO{
lghsf gfddf sfg"g adf]lhd hf/L ePsf] ;dfXjfg, Otnfogfdf, kqmfp k"hL{, ;"Rfgf
jf cfb]z a'emfpg NofPsf]df lghn] To:tf] ;dfXjfg, Otnfogfdf, kqmfp k"hL{, ;"rgf
jf cfb]z ablgotk"j{s ga'emL kmsf{pg x'Fb}g .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ug]{ JolQmnfO{ tLg dlxgf;Dd s}b jf kfFr
&&= ;dfXjfg, Otnfogfdf, ;"rgf jf cfb]z tfd]n x'g glbO{ 5nL lx8\g gx'g] M -!_
clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Ln] hf/L u/]sf]] ;dfXjfg, Otnfogfdf, kqmfp k"hL{, ;"Rfgf jf
cfb]z a'emg' kg]{ JolQmn] To:tf] ;dfXjfg, Otnfogfdf, kqmfp k"hL{, ;"rgf jf cfb]z
tfd]n x'g glbgsf] nflu ab\lgotk"j{s 5nL lx8\g x'Fb}g .
&*= ;dfXjfg, Otnfogfdf OToflb RofTg jf pKsfpg gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] sfg"g adf]lhd
6fF;s
] f] ;dfXjfg, Otnfofgfdf, kqmfp k"hL{, ;"rgf jf cfb]z To;sf] k|of]hg afFsL
5Fb} ablgotk"j{s RofTg jf pKsfpg x'Fb}g .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd s;"/ ug]{ jf u/fpg] JolQmnfO{ 5 dlxgf;Dd s}b jf
kfFr xhf/ ?k}ofF;Dd hl/afgf jf b'j} ;hfo x'g]5 .
32
&(= em'¶f] tl/sfn] Dofb tfd]n ug{ gx'g] M -!_ sfg"g adf]lhd Dofb tfd]n ug]{ jf u/fpg'
kg]{ st{Jo ePsf] JolQmn] e'm§f] tl/sfn] Dofb tfd]n ug{ x'Fb}g .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ug]{ JolQmnfO{ Ps jif{;Dd s}b jf bz xhf/
?k}ofFF;Dd hl/afgf jf b'j} ;hfo x'g]5 .
*)= lnvt k]z ug{ OGsf/ ug{ gx'g] M -!_ sfg"g adf]lhd s'g} c8\8f, cbfnt jf
/fi6«;]js ;dIf s'g} lnvt k]z ug'{ kg]{ jf k7fpg' kg]{ sfg"gL st{Jo ePsf] JolQmn]
To:tf] lnvt k]z ug{ jf k7fpg OGsf/ ug{ x'Fb}g .
*!= zky lnPsf] JolQmn] e'm¶f s'/f JoQm ug{ gx'g] M -!_ clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/L ;dIf
;fFrf] s'/f JoQm ug]{ sfg"gL st{Jo ePsf] jf zky lnPsf] JolQmn] jf sfg"g adf]lhd
zky lnO{ ;fj{hlgs kb wf/0f u/]sf] JolQmn] To:tf] x}l;otdf e'm¶f s'/f JoQm ug{
x'Fb}g .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ug]{ JolQmnfO{ b'O{ jif{;Dd s}b jf aL; xhf/
?k}ofF;Dd hl/afgf jf b'j} ;hfo x'g]5 .
*@= zky ug{ OGsf/ ug{ gx'g] M -!_ clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/L ;dIf ;fFrf] s'/f JoQm ug{
pkl:yt ePsf] JolQmn] To:tf] s'/f JoQm ug]{ k|of]hgsf] nflu zky lng cfb]z
lbPsf]df To:tf] zky lng OGsf/ ug{' x'Fb}g .
*#= hjfkm lbg OGsf/ ug{ gx'g] M -!_ clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/L ;dIf s'g} ljifodf ;fFrf]]
s'/f JoQm ug]{ sfg"gL st{Jo ePsf] JolQmn] To:tf] ljifodf To:tf] clwsf/Ln] ;f]w]sf]
k|Zgsf] hjfkm lbg OGsf/ ug{ x'Fb}g .
t/ s;}nfO{ klg cfk\mgf] lj?4 aofg lbg s/ nfUg] 5}g .
33
*$= e'm¶f hfgsf/L lbg gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] s'g} /fi6«;]jsnfO{ lghn] sfg"g adf]lhd ug'{ kg]{
sfd ug{af6 /f]s nufpg jf ug{ gkg]{ jf ug{ gx'g] sfd ug{ nufpg] lgotn]
s;}nfO{ e'm¶f hfgsf/L lbg x'Fb}g .
*%= afwf lj/f]w ug{ gx'g] M -!_ cfk\mgf] kbLo st{Josf] kfngf ug{ nfu]sf] s'g}
/fi6«;]jsnfO{ s;}n] hf]/ h'n'd jf x"n x'Hht u/L jf cGo s'g} lsl;dn] afwf lj/f]w
u/L st{Jo kfng ug{ ca/f]w k'¥ofpg' x'Fb}g .
-@_ s;}n] sfg"g adf]lhd x'g nfu]sf] s'g} ;DklQsf] hfohft, tfobftL,
/f]Ssf, lnnfd jf laqmLsf] k|lqmofdf hfgLhfgL afwf lj/f]w ug{' x'Fb}g .
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ jf -@_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ug]{ jf u/fpg] JolQmnfO{ Ps jif{;Dd
s}b jf bz xhf/ ?k}ofFF;Dd hl/afgf jf b'j} ;hfo x'g]5 .
*^= /fi6«;]jsnfO{ d2t lbg OGsf/ ug{ gx'g] M -!_ s'g} /fi6«;]jsn] cfk\mgf] kbLo st{Jo
kfng ubf{ To:tf] sfddf d2t lbg' kg]{ sfg"gL st{Jo ePsf] JolQmn] To; adf]lhd
d2t lbg O{Gsf/ ug{ x'Fb}g .
*&= cfb]zsf] cj1f ug{ gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] clwsf/k|fKt clwsf/Lsf] sfg"g adf]lhdsf]
cfb]z cg';f/ sfg"g adf]lhd ug'{ kg]{ sfd gu/L jf ug{ gx'g] sfd u/L To:tf]
cfb]zsf] cj1f ug{ x'Fb}g .
**= xbDofb M o; kl/R5]bsf] bkmf &*, *) / *# cGtu{tsf] s;"/df To:tf] s;"/ ePsf]
s'/f yfxf kfPsf] ldltn] / cGo bkmf cGtu{tsf s;"/df To:tf] s;"/ ePsf] ldltn]
tLg dlxgf gf3]kl5 ph'/ nfUg] 5}g .
34
kl/R5]b – $
;fj{hlgs Gofo lj?4sf s;"/
*(= e'm¶f k|df0f agfpg gx'g] M -!_ o; ;+lxtfdf cGoyf Joj:yf ePsf]df afx]s s;}n]
Goflos jf cGo sfg"gL sf/afxLdf k|df0fsf] ?kdf k|of]u u/fpg] lgotn] s'g} e'm¶f
k|df0f agfpg jf e'm¶f kl/l:yltsf] l;h{gf ug{ jf s'g} e'm¶f lnvt jf ljB'tLo
clen]v agfpg jf s'g} lnvt jf ljB'tLo clen]vdf e'm¶f s'/f hgfpg x'Fb}g .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ug]{ jf u/fpg] JolQmnfO{ kfFr jif{;Dd s}b
/ krf; xhf/ ?k}ofFF;Dd hl/afgf x'g]5 .
t/ To:tf] e'm¶f k|df0fsf] cfwf/df s'g} JolQmnfO{ hGds}bsf] ;hfo ePsf]
/x]5 eg] ;ft jif{;Dd s}b / ;Q/L xhf/ ?k}ofF;Dd hl/afgf x'g]5 .
-#_ o; bkmfdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg h'g s;"/sf] ;DaGwdf
e'm¶f k|df0f v8f ePsf] xf] To:tf] s;"/df x'g ;Sg] clwstd ;hfoeGbf a9L x'g] u/L
of] bkmf cGtu{t ;hfo x'g] 5}g .
()= e'm¶f k|df0f kq agfpg / lbg gx'g] M -!_ s'g} s'/fsf] ;DaGwdf sfg"g adf]lhd k]z
ug{]{, k|dfl0ft ug{], k|df0fLs/0f ug]{, ;TotYoo'Qm ljj/0f -Plkm8]le6_ k]z ug]{ jf
k|df0fkq lbg] clVtof/L jf st{Jo ePsf] JolQmn] hfgLhfgL em'¶f s'/f pNn]v u/L k]z
ug{, k|dfl0ft ug{, k|df0fLs/0f ug{ jf k|df0fkq lbg x'Fb}g .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ug]{ jf u/fpg] JolQmnfO{ b'O{ jif{;Dd s}b /
aL; xhf/ ?k}ofFF;Dd hl/afgf x'g]5 .
(!= e'm¶f k|df0f jf k|df0f kq k|of]u ug{ gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] s'g} k|df0f jf k|df0fkq e'm¶f xf]
eGg] hfgLhfgL To:tf] k|df0f jf k|df0fkqnfO{ ;fFrf]] k|df0f jf k|df0fkqsf] ?kdf k|of]u
ug{ jf u/fpg x'Fb}g .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ug]{ JolQmnfO{ tLg jif{;Dd s}b / tL;
(@= lnvt gi6 ug{ gx'g] M -!_ s'g} Goflos jf cGo sfg"gL sf/afxLdf s'g} lnvt jf
ljB'tLo clen]v k|df0fsf] ?kdf k]z ug]{ sfg"gL st{Jo ePsf] JolQmn] hfgLhfgL
To:tf] lnvt jf clen]v gi6 ug{, s]/d]6 u/L ga'lemg] kfg{ jf cGo s'g} k|sf/n]
k|df0fdf k|of]u ug{ gldNg] agfpg x'Fb}g .
35
-#_ s'g} Goflos jf cGo sfg"gL sf/afxLdf k]z ePsf] s'g} lnvt jf ljB'tLo
clen]v s;}n] sfg"g ljk/Lt hfgLhfgL gi6 ug{, s]/d]6 u/L ga'lemg] kfg{ jf cGo
s'g} k|sf/n] k|df0fdf k|of]u ug{ gldNg] agfpg jf u}/sfg"gL ?kdf x6fpg jf
cglws[t ?kdf s;}nfO{ lbg' x'Fb}g .
-$_ pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ug]{ jf u/fpg] JolQmnfO{ rf/ jif{;Dd s}b
/ rfnL; xhf/ ?k}ofFF;Dd hl/afgf x'g]5 .
-%_ pkbkmf -!_ jf -#_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ s'g} /fi6«;]jsn] u/]df lghnfO{ ;f]xL
pkbkmfdf plNnlvt ;hfosf] bf]Aa/ ;hfo x'g]5 .
(#= s;"/sf] k|df0f bjfpg gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] s'g} s;"/bf/nfO{ arfpg] lgotn] lghn]
u/]sf] s;"/ ;DaGwL s'g} k|df0f bafpg, gi6 ug{ jf To;nfO{ k|df0fsf] ?kdf k|of]u
ug{ g;lsg] u/L laufg{ x'Fb}g .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ug]{ jf u/fpg] JolQmnfO{ tLg jif{;Dd s}b /
tL; xhf/ ?k}ofFF;Dd hl/afgf x'g]5 .
($= ;"rgf lbg cj/f]w k'¥ofpg gx'g] M -!_ s'g} s;"/ ePsf] jf x'g nfu]sf] 5 eGg] yfxf
kfO{ To:tf] s;"/sf] ljifodf k|x/L jf clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/L ;dIf va/ jf ;"rgf
lbg hfg] JolQmnfO{ s;}n] 5]sy'g ug{ jf cGo s'g} lsl;dn] afwf cj/f]w k'¥ofpg'
x'Fb}g .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ug]{ jf u/fpg] JolQmnfO{ b'O{ jif{;Dd s}b jf
aL; xhf/ ?k}ofFF;Dd hl/afgf jf b'j} ;hfo x'g]5 .
(%= s;"/bf/nfO{ cf>o lbg gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] s'g} s;"/bf/nfO{ hfgLhfgL kqmfp x'gaf6
jf sfg"g adf]lhd x'g] ;hfoaf6 arfpg] lgotn] cf>o lbg' x'Fb}g .
:ki6Ls/0f M o; bkmfsf] k|of]hgsf] nflu æs;"/bf/Æ eGgfn] s'g} s;"/df zÍf:kb
/x]sf], cleo'Qm agfOPsf] jf cbfntaf6 bf]ifL 7x/ ePsf] JolQm ;Demg' k5{ .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ug]{ jf u/fpg] JolQmnfO{ b]xfo adf]lhd
;hfo x'g]5 M–
36
-s_ hGds}b jf aL; jif{;Dd s}b ;hfo x'g ;Sg] s;"/sf]

s;"/bf/nfO{ cf>o lbPsf] eP kfFr jif{;Dd s}b / krf; xhf/
?k}ofFF;Dd hl/afgf,
-v_ bz jif{;Dd s}bsf] ;hfo x'g ;Sg] s;"/sf] s;"/bf/nfO{ cf>o
lbPsf] eP tLg jif{;Dd s}b / tL; xhf/ ?k}ofFF;Dd hl/afgf,
-u_ v08 -s_ jf -v_ df n]lvPb]lv afx]s cGo s;"/sf]
s;"/bf/nfO{ cf>o lbPsf] eP To:tf] s;"/df x'g ;Sg] s}b jf
hl/afgfsf] pkNnf] xbsf] rf/ v08sf] Ps v08;Dd s}b jf
hl/afgf jf b'j} .
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg s;"/bf/sf] klt jf kTgL
jf afa', cfdf, 5f]/f, 5f]/L, bfh', efO, lbbL, alxgL, afh], aHo}, gflt, gfltgL, ;f;',
;;'/f, a'xf/L, HjfOFn] cf>o lbPsf]df o; bkmf adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ePsf] dflgg] 5}g .
(^= s;"/ ePsf] hfgsf/L lbg' kg]{ M -!_ s'g} s;"/ ePsf] jf x'g nfu]sf] 5 eGg] yfxf kfO{
To:tf] s;"/sf] hfgsf/L lbg' kg]{ sfg"gL st{Jo ePsf] JolQmn] hfgsf/L glbO{ a:g
jf s'g} s;"/ ePsf] yfxf kfPsf]] JolQmn] hfgLhfgL e'm¶f hfgsf/L lbg x'Fb}g .
(&= ;DklQ bjfpg jf ;DklQdf e'm¶f bfjL ug{ gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] cbfnt jf clwsf/ k|fKt
clwsf/Lsf] lg0f{o adf]lhd hkmt x'g] ePsf] jf tfobftL, /f]Ssf, lnnfd jf laqmL x'g]
jf rng rnfO{ lbg' kg]{ ePsf] ;DklQ jf To:tf] ;DklQ jf hfohft pk/sf] clwsf/
jblgot ;fy hkmt, tfobftL, hfohft, /f]Ssf, lnnfd jf laqmL x'gaf6 jf rng
rnfpgaf6 /f]Sgsf] nflu To:tf] ;DklQ jf To; pk/sf] clwsf/ bafpg, s;}nfO{
x:tfGt/0f ug{ jf u/fpg jf To:tf] ;DklQ jf clwsf/ pk/ bfjL ug{ x'Fb}g .
aL; xhf/ ?k}}ofF;Dd hl/afgf jf b'j} ;hfo x'g]5 .
(*= e'm¶f ph'/L lbg gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] s;}nfO{ Iflt k'¥ofpg] jf x}/fg ug]{ lgotn] s'g}
Goflos sf/afxL ug{]{ clwsf/L ;dIf e'm¶f s'/fsf] bfjL lnO{ jf cleof]u nufO{ s'g}
JolQmsf la?4 ph'/L jf ;"Rfgf lbg' x'Fb}g .
37
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ug]{ jf u/fpg] JolQmnfO{ h'g s;"/sf] e'm7f]
cleof]u nufPsf] xf] To:tf] s;"/df x'g ;Sg] ;hfosf] pkNnf] xbsf] cfwf;Dd ;hfo
x'g]5 .
t/ g]kfn ;/sf/jfbL x'g] d'2fsf] xsdf o; bkmfsf] Joj:yf nfu" x'g] 5}g .
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/af6 kLl8t JolQmnfO{ s'g} lsl;dsf] xflg,
gf]S;fgL k'u]sf] eP lghnfO{ To; afktsf] Ifltk"lt{ s;"/bf/af6 e/fO{ lbg' kg]{5 .
((= ablgotk"j{s cg';Gwfg jf cleof]hg ug{ gx'g] M -!_ sfg"g adf]lhd cg';Gwfg jf
cleof]hg ug]{ lhDd]jf/L ePsf] clwsf/Ln] lgbf]{if JolQmnfO{ km;fpg] jf jf:tljs
s;"/bf/nfO{ hf]ufpg] dg;fon] ablgotk"j{s cg';Gwfg ug{ jf cleof]u nufpg'
x'Fb}g .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ug]{ jf u/fpg] JolQmnfO{ 5 dlxgf;Dd s}b
jf kfFr xhf/ ?k}ofFF;Dd hl/afgf jf b'j} ;hfo x'g]5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/af6 s'g} JolQmnfO{ s'g} lsl;dsf] xflg,
gf]S;fgL ePdf lghn] To:tf] s;"/bf/af6 Ifltk"lt{ e/fO{ lng ;Sg]5 .
!))= hdfgtsf] zt{ ljk/Lt cg'kl:yt x'g gx'g] M -!_ s'g} s;"/sf] cleof]u nflu
hdfgtdf 5'6]sf] JolQm dgfl;a sf/0f ljgf hdfgtsf] zt{ ljk/Lt hdfgt lbPsf]
sfof{no jf cbfntdf cg'kl:yt x'g' x'Fb}g .
:ki6Ls/0f M o; bkmfsf] k|of]hgsf] nflu æhdfgtÆ eGgfn] gub, h]yf, a}Í hdfgt
jf xflh/ hdfgt ;Demg' k5{ .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ug]{ JolQmnfO{ Ps jif{;Dd s}b jf bz
-#_ o; bkmf adf]lhd cg'kl:yt ePsf] JolQm lghnfO{ cf/f]k nfu]sf] s;"/sf]
s;"/bf/ 7xl/Pdf lghnfO{ To:tf] s;"/df x'g] ;hfodf o; bkmf adf]lhdsf] ;hfo
;d]t yk x'g]5 .
-$_ sfg"g adf]lhd xflh/ hdfgLdf 5'6]sf] JolQm To:tf] hdfgt adf]lhd
sfof{no jf cbfntdf pkl:yt gePdf To;/L xflh/ hdfgL lbg] JolQmnfO{ krf;

38
-%_ o; bkmf adf]lhd ;hfo kfPsf] JolQm tLg jif{;Dd xflh/ hdfgL x'g
of]Uo x'g] 5}g .
!)!= kqmfpsf] afwf lj/f]w ug{ jf y'gfaf6 efUg gx'g] M -!_ s'g} JolQmnfO{ kqmfp ug{
sfg"g adf]lhd kqmfp k"hL{ hf/L ePsf]df To:tf] JolQmn] kqmfpsf] l;nl;nfdf jf
kqmfp kbf{ jf kqmfp kl/;s]sf] eP kqmfpaf6 aRgsf] nflu hfgLhfgL an k|of]u u/L
afwf lj/f]w ug{ jf sfg"g adf]lhd y'gfdf /x]sf] JolQmn] y'gfaf6 efUg jf efUg]
pBf]u ug{ x'Fb}g .
!)@= kqmfpaf6 pDsfpg jf y'gfaf6 eufpg gx'g] M -!_ sfg"g adf]lhd kqmfp ug{ kqmfp
k"hL{ hf/L ul/Psf] JolQmnfO{ kqmfpsf] l;nl;nfdf jf kqmfp ubf{ jf lghnfO{ kqmfp
ul/;s]sf] eP lghnfO{ kqmfpaf6 pDsfpgsf] nflu s;}n] hfgLhfgL afwf la/f]w ug{
jf sfg"g adf]lhd y'gfdf /x]sf] JolQmnfO{ hfgLhfgL eufpg jf efUgsf] nflu d2t
ug{' x'Fb}g .
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ s'g} /fi6«;]jsn] u/] jf u/fPdf lghnfO{
pkbkmf -@_ df plNnlvt ;hfosf] bf]Aa/ ;hfo x'g]5 .
!)#= xbDofb M -!_ bkmf !)! jf !)@ cGtu{tsf s;"/df hlxn];'s} klg ph'/ nfUg]5 .
-@_ bkmf !)) cGtu{tsf] s;"/df To:tf] s;"/ ePsf] ldltn] / o; kl/R5]b
cGtu{tsf cGo s;"/df s;"/ ePsf] s'/f yfxf kfPsf] ldltn] tLg dlxgf gf3]kl5
ph'/ nfUg] 5}g .
kl/R5]b –%
;fj{hlgs lxt, :jf:Yo, ;'/Iff, ;'ljwf / g}ltstf la?4sf s;"/
!)$= ;ª\qmfds /f]u k}mnfpg gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] s;}sf] HofgnfO{ vt/f k'¥ofpg ;Sg] s'g}
lsl;dsf] ;ª\qmfds /f]u km}nfpg] jf k}mlng ;Sg] s'g} sfd ug{ x'Fb}g .
39
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ug]{ jf u/fpg] JolQmnfO{ lgotk"j{s jf

hfgLhfgL u/]sf] eP bz jif{;Dd s}b / Ps nfv ?k}ofFF;Dd hl/afgf, nfk/jfxLk"j{s
u/]sf] eP kfFr jif{;Dd s}b / krf; xhf/ ?k}ofFF;Dd hl/afgf / x]nrSo|fO{Fk"j{s
u/]sf] eP tLg jif{;Dd s}b / tL; xhf/ ?k}ofFF;Dd hl/afgf x'g]5 .
!)%= dfgj /f]u k|lt/f]ws Ifdtf pGd'lQm ug]{ lhjf0f' -Pr=cfO{=eL=_ sf] /f]u k}mnfpg gx'g] M
-!_ s;}n] cfkmgf] jf c? s;}sf] z/L/df /f]u k|lt/f]ws Ifdtf pGd'lQm ug]{ lhjf0f' -
Pr=cfO=eL=_ jf x]kf6fOl6;\ aL sf] lhjf0f' /x]sf] yfxf kfFpbf kfpFb} s;}nfO{ To:tf]
/f]u ;fg]{ lgotn]] cfk\mgf] /ut lbg jf To:tf] JolQmsf] /ut lbg nufpg jf s'g}
lsl;dsf] k"j{ ;fjwfgL glnO{ s;};Fu of}g ;Dks{ sfod ug{ jf s'g} lsl;daf6
cfk\mgf] jf To:tf] JolQmsf] /ut, jLo{, ¥ofn, y's jf s'g} dfgj cË csf{sf] z/L/leq
k7fpg x'Fb}g .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd s;"/ ug]{ jf u/fpg] JolQmnfO{ bz jif{;Dd s}b /
Ps nfv ?k}ofFF;Dd hl/afgf x'g]5 .
t/ To:tf] /f]u ;fg]{ lgot geO{ nfk/afxL jf x]nrSo|fOFaf6 ;g{ uPsf] /x]5
eg] tLg jif{;Dd s}b / tL; xhf/ ?k}ofFF;Dd hl/afgf x'g]5 .
-#_ kLl8t cfk}mF dfgj /f]u k|lt/f]ws Ifdtf pGd'lQm ug]{ lhjf0f' jf x]kf6fOl6;\
aL sf] lhjf0f' /x]sf] JolQm;Fu of}g ;Dks{ ug{ uPsf]] /x]5 eg] To:tf] lhjf0f' /x]sf]
JolQmn] o; bkmf adf]lhdsf] s;"/ u/]sf] dflgg] 5}g .
!)^= ;?jf /f]u ;DaGwL sfg"gsf] pNnª\3g ug{ gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] g]kfn ;/sf/, k|b]z
;/sf/ jf :yfgLo txn] jf sfg"g adf]lhd clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Ln] ;?jf /f]usf]
;DaGwdf hf/L u/]sf] lgod, lgb]{zg jf cfb]z pNnª\3g ug{ x'Fb}g .
t/ To:tf] lgod, lgb]{zg jf cfb]z pNnª\3g u/]sf] sf/0faf6 s;}sf] Hofg
hfg ;Sg] cj:yf /x]5 eg] lghnfO{ bkmf !)$ adf]lhd ;hfo x'g]5 .
!)&= vfB kbfy{df ld;fj6 ug{ gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] ;j{;fwf/0fn] vfg], lkpg] jf ;]jg ug{]
kbfy{df vfg, lkpg jf ;]jg ug{ gx'g] s'g} xflgsf/s kbfy{ jf vfg lkpg jf ;]jg
ug{ x'g] sd;n kbfy{ jf xflgsf/s /f;folgs kbfy{ ld;fj6 u/L pTkfbg ug{,
40
laqmL ljt/0f ug{ jf Dofb gf3]sf] jf ld;fj6 ePsf] vfB kbfy{ laqmL ljt/0f ug{ jf
lgwf{l/t :t/eGbf Go"g :t/sf] vfB kbfy{ jf cvfB kbfy{ laqmL ljt/0f ug{ jf k}7f/L
ug{ jf laqmL ljt/0fsf] nflu /fVg x'Fb}g .
!)*= e'mSofgdf kf/L vfB kbfy{ laqmL ljt/0f ug{ gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] s'g} Ps vfB
kbfy{nfO{ csf]{ vfB kbfy{ xf] egL jf Go"g u'0f:t/sf] vfB kbfy{ jf cvfB kbfy{nfO{
pRr u'0f:t/sf] vfB kbfy{ xf] egL 9fF6L jf e'mSofO{ jf s'g} pRr u'0f:t/sf] vfB
kbfy{df lgDg :t/sf] vfB kbfy{ jf cvfB kbfy{ ld;fj6 u/L laqmL ljt/0f ug{
x'Fb}g .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ug{] jf u/fpg] JolQmnfO{ kfFr jif{;Dd s}b
jf krf; xhf/ ?k}ofFF;Dd hl/afgf jf b'j} ;hfo x'g]5 .
!)(= e'mSofgdf kf/L s'g} j:t' laqmL–ljt/0f ug{ gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] vfB kbfy{ afx]s
sd;n j:t'nfO{ c;n j:t' xf] egL jf Ps j:t'nfO{ csf]{ j:t' xf] eGg] efg kf/L jf
s'g} j:t'df To:tf] j:t'sf] u'0f:t/ 36\g] u/L ld;fj6 u/L laqmL ug{ jf s'g} j:t'df
/x]sf] n]jn ;f6\g jf Dofb gf3]sf] j:t' laqmL ug{ x'Fb}g .
jf tL; xhf/ ?k}ofF;Dd hl/afgf jf b'j} ;hfo x'g]5 .
!!)= laqmL ug]{ pkef]Uoj:t' laqmL gu/L hDdfvf]/L ug{ gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] s'g} pkef]Uo
j:t'sf] ahf/df s[lqd cefj v8f u/L To:tf] j:t'sf] d"No j[l4 ug{ jf To:tf] j:t'
a9L d"Nodf laqmL ug{ jf u/fpg jf To:tf] j:t'sf] laqmLaf6 cg'lrt gfkmf lng]
p2]Zon] To:tf] j:t' laqmL ljt/0f gu/L y'kfg{ jf ;l~rt u/L /fVg jf hDdfvf]/L ug{
x'Fb}g .
!!!= kfgL b'lift kfg{ gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] ;j{;fwf/0fn] lkpg] kfgL jf lkpg] kfgLsf]
d'xfgnfO{ lkpg gx'g] u/L b'lift ug{ jf lkpg] afx]s cGo s'g} sfddf k|of]u x'g]
kfgLnfO{ To:tf] sfddf k|of]u ug{ gx'g] u/L b'lift kfg{ x'Fb}g .
41
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ug]{ jf u/fpg] JolQmnfO{ b]xfo adf]lhdsf]
;hfo x'g]5 M–
-s_ lkpg]] kfgL jf kfgLsf] d'xfg b'lift ug]{ jf u/fpg] JolQmnfO{
tLg jif{;Dd s}b jf tL; xhf/ ?k}ofFF;Dd hl/afgf jf b'j}
;hfo,
-v_ cGo k|of]hgsf nflu k|of]u x'g] kfgL b'lift kfg]{ jf kfg{
nufpg] JolQmnfO{ 5 dlxgf;Dd s}b jf kfFr xhf/ ?k}ofFF;Dd
hl/afgf jf b'j} ;hfo .
!!@= jftfj/0f k|b'lift ug{ gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] jftfj/0fdf pNn]vgLo k|lts"n k|efj k'¥ofpg]

u/L kmf]xf]/d}nfsf] pTkfbg, k|zf]wg, k|;f/0f, lgisfzg, pT;h{g, cf];f/k;f/ ug{ jf
y'kfg{ xF'b}g .
-@_ s;}n] ;j{;fwf/0fsf] :jf:Yodf xflg k'¥ofpg] u/L jf hLp Hofgsf] nflu
vt/f x'g ;Sg] u/L k|b[if0f ug{ jf sfg"g adf]lhd clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Lsf] Ohfht
ljgf oflGqs ;fwgaf6 WjgL, tfk, /]l8of]wdL{ ljls/0f jf hf]lvdk"0f{ kmf]x/ d}nfsf]

pTkfbg, k|zf]wg, k|;f/0f, lgisfzg, pT;h{g, cf];f/k;f/ ug{ jf y'kfg{ x'b}g .
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd s;"/ ug]{ jf u/fpg] JolQmnfO{ Ps jif{;Dd s}b jf
bz xhf/ ?k}ofF;Dd hl/afgf jf b'j} ;hfo x'g]5 .
-$_ pkbkmf -@_ jdf]lhdsf] s;"/ ug]{ jf u/fpg] JolQmnfO{ kfFr jif{;Dd s}b
jf krf; xhf/ ?k}ofF;Dd hl/afgf jf b'j} ;hfo x'g]5 .
!!#= ;fj{hlgs af6f], gbL jf :yndf vt/f jf afwf k'¥ofpg gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] s'g} sfd
u/L jf cfk\mgf] jf cfk\mgf] lgoGq0f jf lhDdfdf /x]sf] ;DklQsf] :ofxf/ ;Def/ gu/L
;fj{hlgs af6f], gbL jf cGo s'g} ;fj{hlgs :yndf s;}nfO{ s'g} vt/f, afwf jf
ca/f]w k'¥ofpg x'Fb}g .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd s;"/ ug]{ jf u/fpg] JolQmnfO{ kRrL; xhf/
?k}ofF;Dd hl/afgf x'g]5 .
!!$= ljiffn' jf ljikmf]6s kbfy{ k|of]u ubf{ nfk/afxL ug{ gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] ljiffn' kbfy{,
cfuf]hGo kbfy{, k|HjngzLn kbfy{, ljikmf]6s kbfy{ jf hf]lvdL xltof/ jf oGq

मल
ु क
42
rnfpFbf jf k|of]u ubf{ s;}sf] z/L/ jf Hofgdf vt/f jf Iflt k'Ug ;Sg] u/L
nfk/afxL ug{ jf cfk\mgf] jf cfk\mgf] sAhf jf lhDdf /x]sf] To:tf] a:t'af6 s;}sf]
Hofg hfg ;Sg] vt/fnfO{ /f]Sg] cfjZos aGbf]a:t hfgLhfgL gug{ jf To:tf]
aGbf]j:t ug{df nfk/afxL ug{ x'Fb}g .
jf bz xhf/ ?k}ofFF;Dd hl/afgf jf b'j} ;hfo x'g]5 .
!!%= 3/ lgdf{0f ubf{, eTsfpFbf jf dd{t ubf{ nfk/afxL ug{ gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] 3/ lgdf{0f
ubf{, eTsfpFbf jf dd{t ubf{ To:tf] sfo{af6 jf To:tf] 3/ jf To;sf] s]xL efu 9nL
jf v;L s;}sf] Hofg hfg jf cËeË x'g ;Sg] vt/fnfO{ /f]Sg jf 6fg{ cfjZos
aGbf]a:t gu/L jf To:tf] aGbf]a:t ug{ nfk/afxL u/L 3/ lgdf{0f ug{, eTsfpg jf
dd{t ug{ x'Fb}g .
!!^= kz'k+IfL /fVbf nfk/afxL ug{ gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] cfk\mgf] jf cfk\mgf] lgoGq0f jf
lhDdfdf /x]sf] lx+;|s jf cGo s'g} kz'k+IfL /fVbf jf kfNbf To:tf] sfo{af6 jf To:tf]
kz'k+IfLaf6 s;}sf] Hofg hfg ;Sg] jf s;}nfO{ rf]6 k'Ug ;Sg] vt/fnfO{ /f]Sg
cfjZos k"j{;fjwfgLsf] aGbf]j:t gu/L jf nfk/afxL u/L To:tf] kz'k+IfL /fVg jf
kfNg x'Fb}g .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf]] s;"/ ug]{ jf u/fpg] JolQmnfO{ Ps jif{;Dd s}b
!!&= kz'k+IfL 5f8f 5f8\g gx'g] M s;}n] cfk\mgf] jf cfk\mgf] lgoGq0f jf lhDdf /x]sf] s'g}
kz'k+IfL csf{sf] 3/, hUufdf jf ;fj{hlgs af6f] 3f6f] jf ;fj{hlgs :yndf 5f8f
5f]8\g x'Fb}g .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd s;"/ ug]{ jf u/fpg] JolQmnfO{ tLg dlxgf;Dd s}b
jf kfFr xhf/ ?k}ofF;Dd hl/afgf jf b'j} ;hfo x'g]5 .
!!*= ceb| Jojxf/ ug{ gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] ;fj{hlgs :yfg jf k|j]z ug{ sfg"gL clwsf/
gePsf] 7fpFdf k|j]z u/L s;}nfO{ ceb| Jojxf/ ug{ jf ;fj{hlgs :yfgdf dlxnf,
43
afnaflnsf jf zf/Ll/s ?kdf czQm JolQmnfO{ xftkft jf x}/fgL ug{ jf To;sf]

pBf]u ug{ x'Fb}g .
!!(= j]Zofudgsf] k|rf/ ug{ gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] j]Zofudgsf] nflu k|rf/, k|;f/ ug{ x'Fb}g .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ug]{ jf u/fpg] JolQmnfO{{ tLg jif{;Dd s}b /
!@)= j]Zofj[lt jf j]Zofudgsf nflu 3/, hUuf k|of]u ug{ lbg gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] j]Zofj[lQ
jf j]Zofudgsf] nflu hfgLhfgL cfk\mgf] 3/, hUuf, ;jf/L ;fwg pknJw u/fpg
x'Fb}g .
!@!= clZnn lstfa, krf{ OToflb agfpg jf laqmL ug{ gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] ;fj{hlgs ?kdf
clZnn lstfa, krf{ agfpg] nufotsf b]xfosf] s'g} sfd ug{ x'Fb}g M–
-s_ zf/Ll/s sfdf]Q]hgf a9fpg] jf sfd jf;gfdf cfzQm u/fpg] jf
rl/qxLg agfpg] s'g} cZnLn lstfa, krf{, /]vflrq, rnlrq, t:jL/,
/]s8{ jf c? s'g} j:t' agfpg, d'b|0f ug{ jf k|sflzt ug{ jf ljB'tLo
;~rf/ dfWodaf6 k|rf/ k|;f/ ug{,
-v_ To:tf] cZnLn j:t' v/Lb laqmL jf ljt/0f ug{ jf ef8fdf lbg jf
;j{;fwf/0fnfO{ b]vfpg jf To:tf] ug]{ lgotn] cfk\mgf ;fydf /fVg,
-u_ s'g} JolQmaf6 To:tf] clZnn j:t' o; k|sf/ k|fKt x'g ;S5 egL
lj1fkg lbg,
-3_ To:tf] clZnn j:t' laqmL ljt/0f ug{] p2]Zon] lgsf;L jf k}7f/L ug{
jf cfk"m;Fu af]Sg .
-#_ o; bkmfdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg j}1flgs, z}lIfs,
snfTds, ;flxlTos, cg';Gwfgd"ns, 1fgj4{{s dxTj jf cle?rLsf] jf wfld{s
44
k|of]hgsf] nflu /flvPsf] jf agfOPsf] s'g} s[ltsf] xsdf o; bkmfsf] Joj:yf nfu"
x'g] 5}g .
!@@= ;fj{hlgs :yfgdf of}gfË b]vfpg gx'g] M -!_ bz jif{eGbf dflysf] JolQmn] :jf:Yo
lj1fg jf lrlsT;f ;DaGwL pkrf/sf] k|of]hgsf nflu afx]s ;fj{hlgs :yfgdf
cZnLn s[ofsnfk jf Jojxf/ ug{ jf of}gfË b]vfpg jf s;}nfO{ clZnn zAb af]Ng
jf Ozf/f ug{ x'Fb}g .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ug{] JolQmnfO{ 5 dlxgf;Dd s}b jf kfFr
!@#= ;fj{hlgs :yfgdf of}g lqmof ug{ gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] ;fj{hlgs :yfgdf jf c?
dflg;n] b]Vg] u/L cGo s'g} :yfgdf s;};uF of}g lqmof ug{ jf s'g} lsl;dsf]
ck|fs[lts d}y'g ug{ x'Fb}g .
!@$= ;fj{hlgs pkb|ofO{+ ug{ gx'g] M -!_ sfg"gdf cGoyf Joj:yf ePsf]df afx]s s;}n]
s'g} sfd u/L jf sfg"g adf]lhd ug'{ kg]{ s'g} sfd gu/L 5/l5d]s jf ;j{;fwf/0fnfO{
s'g} k|sf/sf] xflg, gf]S;fgL, Iflt jf vt/f k'¥ofpg jf leme\mofx6 ug{ x'Fb}g .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ug]{ JolQmnfO{ kRrL; xhf/ ?k}ofF;Dd
hl/afgf x'g]5 .
!@%= h'jf v]Ng jf ;§fafhL ug'{ gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] h'jf v]Ng' jf v]nfpg' x'Fb}g .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ug]{ JolQmnfO{ b]xfo adf]lhdsf] ;hfo
x'g]5 M–
-s_ klxnf] k6s h'jf v]Ng] jf v]nfpg]nfO{ tLg dlxgf;Dd s}b jf
tL;xhf/ ?k}ofF;Dd hl/afgf,
-v_ bf];|f] k6sb]lv h'jf v]Ng] jf v]nfpg]nfO{ Ps jif{;Dd s}b /
krf; xhf/ ?k}ofFF;Dd hl/afgf / To;kl5sf] s;"/df k6s}
lkR5] yk tLg dlxgf;Dd s}b / bz xhf/ ?k}ofF;Dd
hl/afgf .
:ki6Ls/0f M o; ;+lxtfsf] k|of]hgsf] nflu M
45
-!_ æh'jfÆ eGgfn] s'g} ;+of]usf] cfwf/df s'g} lsl;dsf]

rn jf crn ;DklQ jf k|ltkmn kfpg] jf u'dfpg] jf
xfg]{ jf lhTg] u/L afhL yfkL v]Ng] s'g} lsl;dsf] v]n
jf k|lqmof ;Demg' k5{ / ;f] zAbn] cfk"mn] h'jf gv]nL
c?sf] xf/ jf lhtdf cfk"mn] s'g} rn crn ;DklQ jf
k|ltkmn kfpg] jf u'dfpg] u/L yfk]sf] afhL jf
RofFv]nfO{ ;d]t hgfpF5 .
t/ b]xfosf] s'g} v]n jf sfo{qmdnfO{ h'jf
dflgg] 5}g M–
-s_ s'g} ;fj{hlgs dxf]T;j, d]nf, kj{, rf8, k|bz{gL
jf ;df/f]xdf dgf]/~hgsf nflu s'g} ;fgf]ltgf]
rn ;DklQ kfpg] jf u'dfpg] u/L g]kfn
;/sf/sf] :jLs[lt lnO{ ;~rfng x'g] v]n,
-v_ clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Lsf] :jLs[lt lnO{ ;~rfng
ePsf] lr7\7f .
-@_ æh'jf v]nfpg]Æ eGgfn] cfˆgf] xs, ef]u, rng, :jfldTj
jf lhDdfdf /x]sf] 3/, sf]7f, 7fpF jf ;jf/L ;fwg
hfgLhfgL pknAw u/fO{ jf h'jf v]Ngsf] nflu s'g}
lsl;dsf] ;fwg pknAw u/fO{ h'jf v]nfpg] JolQm
;Demg' k5{ .
-#_ h'jf v]Ng k|of]u ePsf] ;fwg / h'jfaf6 k|fKt ;Dk"0f{ rn crn ;DklQ
hkmt x'g]5 .
t/ h'jf v]n]sf] 3/, sf]7f, 7fpF jf ;jf/L ;fwg hkmt x'g] 5}g .
-$_ s;}n] ;§fafhL ug'{ jf u/fpg' x'Fb}g .
-%_ pkbkmf -$_ sf] k|of]hgsf] nflu s;}n] sfg"g adf]lhd v]Ng v]nfpg x'g]
s'g} v]n jf k|lqmofdf vf; kIfn] xf/]df jf lht]df s'g} rn crn ;DklQ jf k|ltkmn
kfpg] jf u'dfpg] u/L afhL yfk]df ;§fafhLsf] s;"/ u/]sf] dflgg]5 .
46
-^_ pkbkmf -$_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ePdf To;df k|of]u ePsf] ljuf] hkmt u/L
s;"/ ug]{ JolQmnfO{ Ps jif{;Dd s}b / bz xhf/ ?k}ofF;Dd hl/afgf x'g]5 .
-&_ o; bkmf adf]lhdsf] s;"/df k6s] sfod ubf{ cbfntaf6 s;"/bf/ 7x/]sf]
cfwf/df sfod ul/g]5 .
!@^= leIff dfUg jf dfUg nufpg gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] s'g} ;fj{hlgs :yfgdf leIff dfUg jf
afnaflnsfnfO{ uLt ufpg], gfRg], v]Ng] jf s'g} sfd ug]{ jxfgfdf jf cGo JolQmnfO{
s'g} k|sf/sf] /sd jf Hofnf lbO{ leIff dfUg jf leIff dfUg b'?T;fxg lbg x'Fb}g .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ug]{ JolQmnfO{ b]xfo adf]lhdsf] ;hfo x'g]5
/ leIffsf] lauf] hkmt ;d]t x'g]5 M–
-s_ klxnf] k6s leIff dfu]sf] eP Ps dlxgf;Dd s}b jf Ps xhf/
?k}ofF;Dd hl/afgf / bf];|f] k6sb]lv k|To]s k6s b'O{
dlxgf;Dd s}b jf b'O{ xhf/ ?k}ofF;Dd hl/afgf,
-v_ klxnf] k6s leIff dfUg nufPsf] eP Ps jif{;Dd s}b jf bz
xhf/ ?k}ofF;Dd hl/afgf jf b'j} / bf];|f] k6sb]lv k|To]s k6s
tLg jif{;Dd s}b jf tL; xhf/ ?k}ofF;Dd hl/afgf jf b'j} .
:ki6Ls/0f M o; bkmfsf] k|of]hgsf] nflu M
-!_ s'g} ;fw', ;Gt, hf]uL jf leIf'n] ;gftgb]lv rnL cfPsf]
k/Dk/f cg';f/ 3/ 3/df k'uL leIff dfu u/]df jf s'g} wfld{s
jf ;fF:s[lts sfo{df leIff dfluPsf]df To:tf]] sfo{nfO{ o;
bkmf cGtu{tsf] s;"/ dflgg] 5}g,
-@_ æ;fj{hlgs :yfgÆ eGgfn] ;8s, uNnL, kfs{, ;jf/L lj;f}gL
:yn, ;/sf/L sfof{no jf sfof{nosf] kl/;/ ;Demg' k5{ / ;f]
zAbn] ;fj{hlgs k|of]udf /x]sf] ;jf/L ;fwgnfO{ ;d]t
hgfpF5 .
!@&= Ifltk"lt{ e/fpg' kg]{ M o; kl/R5]bsf] bkmf !)$, !)%, !)^, !)&, !)*, !)(, !!),
!!!, !!#, !!$, !!%, !!^, !!&, !!* / !@$ adf]lhdsf] s;"/af6 s;}nfO{ xflg,
gf]S;fgL jf s;}sf] ;DklQdf Iflt ePdf s;"/bf/af6 To:tf] xflg, gf]S;fgL x'g]
JolQmnfO{ Ifltk"lt{ e/fO{ lbg' kg]{5 .
47
!@*= xbDofb M -!_ o; kl/R5]b cGtu{tsf] s'g} s;"/af6 s;}sf] Hofg d/]sf]df hlxn];'s}
klg ph'/ ug{ ;lsg]5 .
-@_ bkmf !!#, !!$, !!%, !!^, !!&, !!*, !!(, !@), !@! / !@@ cGtu{tsf]
s;"/df To:tf] s;"/ ePsf] ldltn] tLg dlxgf gf3]kl5 / o; kl/R5]b cGtu{tsf]
cGo s;"/df To:tf] s;"/ ePsf] s'/f yfxf kfPsf] ldltn] 5 dlxgf gf3]kl5 ph'/
nfUg] 5}g .
kl/R5]b ^
xftxltof/ tyf v/vhfgf ;DaGwL s;"/
!@(= Ohfht kq k|fKt gu/L xftxltof/ pTkfbg ug{ gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] Ohfhtkq k|fKt
gu/L jf Ohfhtkq k|fKt u/]sf] eP klg Ohfhtkqdf plNnlvt zt{ tyf aGb]h
ljk/Lt x'g] u/L xftxltof/ jf v/vhfgfsf] pTkfbg ug{ jf To;sf]] dd{t ;+ef/ ug{
x'Fb}g .
:ki6Ls/0f M o; ;+lxtfsf] k|of]hgsf nflu M
-s_ æxftxltof/Æ eGgfn] tf]k, df]6f{/, aVt/aGb uf8L, d]lzgug,
/fOkmn, aGb's, lk:tf]n, l/eNe/ jf v/vhfgf k|of]u u/L jf
gu/L rnfOg] To:t} k|s[ltsf cGo oGq ;Demg' k5{ / ;f]
zAbn] xftxltof/ agfpg] d]lzg, pks/0f / xftxltof/sf]
kf6k"hf{ ;d]tnfO{ hgfpF5,
-v_ æd]lzgugÆ eGgfn] a|]gug, n'O;ug, :6]ug, d]lzg, sf/afOg,
6D; d]lzg sf/afOg, hL=Pd=hL, ;6{ d]l;g ug jf To:t}
k|s[ltsf :jrflnt xftxltof/ ;Demg' k5{ / ;f] zAbn]
d]lzgug agfpg] d]lzg, pks/0f / d]lzg ugsf] kf6k"hf{
;d]tnfO{ hgfpF5,
-u_ æv/vhfgfÆ eGgfn] xftxltof/df /fVg] af?b, s]k, uf]nL, 5/f{,
l86f]/]g]6/, sft'{;, km\o"h jf To:t} k|s[ltsf cGo kbfy{
;d]tnfO{ hgfpF5 .
48
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ug]{ jf u/fpg] JolQmnfO{ xftxltof/ jf

v/vhfgfsf] hf]lvdsf] uDeL/tf x]/L bz jif{;Dd s}b / Ps nfv ?k}ofFF;Dd hl/afgf
x'g]5 .
!#)= Ohfht kq k|fKt gu/L xftxltof/sf] sf/f]af/ ug{ gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] Ohfhtkq k|fKt
gu/L jf Ohfhtkq k|fKt u/]sf] ePklg Ohfht kqsf] zt{ tyf aGb]h ljk/Lt x'g]
u/L xftxltof/ tyf v/vhfgfsf] sf/f]af/ ug{ x'Fb}g .
:ki6Ls/0f M o; kl/R5]bsf] k|of]hgsf] nflu æsf/f]af/Æ eGgfn] vl/b ug]{, laqmL ug]{,
cf];f/ k;f/ ug]{, :jfldTj k|fKt ug]{, x:tfGt/0f ug]{, ;~ro jf ;Íng ug]{, e08f/0f
ug]{, lgsf;L jf k}7f/L ug]{ sfd ;Demg' k5{ .
!#!= vf; lsl;dsf xftxltof/ k|fKt ug{ gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] b]xfosf xftxltof/ vl/b laqmL
u/L jf bfg, pkxf/, k'/:sf/, c+z, ck'tfnLaf6 jf cGo s'g} lsl;daf6 k|fKt ug{,
/fVg, ;~ro ug{, e08f/0f ug{ / clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Lsf] cfb]z ljgf k|of]u ug{,
cf];f/ k;f/ ug{ jf lgsf;L jf k}7f/L ug{ x'Fb}g M–
-s_ aVt/aGb uf8L -6\ofÍ_ tyf To;sf]] v/vhfgf,
-v_ tf]k jf df]6f{/ tyf To;sf]] v/vhfgf,
-u_ d]lzgug tyf To;sf]] v/vhfgf,
-3_ h'g;'s} k|sf/sf] /fOkmn tyf To;sf]] v/vhfgf,
-ª_ ;j{;fwf/0fn] k|fKt ug{ jf /fVg gx'g] egL clwsf/ k|fKt
clwsf/Ln] tf]s]sf cGo xftxltof/ tyf To;sf]] v/vhfgf .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ df plNnlvt xftxltof/ k|fKt ug]{ JolQmn] To:tf] xftxltof/
k|fKt ePsf] ldltn] k}FtL; lbgleq ;DalGwt lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{nodf a'emfpg'
kg]{5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ug]{ jf u/fpg] JolQmnfO{ ;ft jif{;Dd s}b /
;Q/L xhf/ ?k}ofF;Dd hl/afgf x'g]5 .
-$_ o; bkmfdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg ;'/Iffsf] sfd;Fu
;DalGwt g]kfnL ;]gf, g]kfn k|x/L, ;z:q k|x/L an, g]kfnsf clws[t tyf hjfgn]
49
jf sfg"g adf]lhd xftxltof/ k|of]u ug{ kfpg] cGo ;'/IffsdL{n] cfkmgf] st{Jo
kfngsf] l;nl;nfdf To:tf xftxltof/ /fVg jf k|of]u ug{ afwf k'u]sf] dflgg] 5}g .
!#@= Ohfhtkq ljgf xftxltof/ /fVg jf lnP/ lx8\g gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] sfg"g adf]lhd
k|fKt ug{, /fVg, e08f/0f ug{, k|of]u ug{ jf lnP/ lx8\g ;lsg] xftxltof/ Ohfhtkq
k|fKt gu/L jf Ohfhtkq k|fKt u/]sf] eP klg Ohfhtkqsf] zt{ tyf aGb]h ljk/Lt
x'g] u/L k|fKt ug{, /fVg, e08f/0f ug{, k|of]u ug{ jf lnP/ lx8\g x'Fb}g .
t/ ;'/Iffsf] sfd;Fu ;DalGwt g]kfnL ;]gf, g]kfn k|x/L, ;z:q k|x/L an,
g]kfnsf clws[t tyf hjfgn] jf sfg"g adf]lhd xftxltof/ k|of]u ug{ kfpg] cGo
;'/IffsdL{n] cfkmgf] st{Jo kfngsf] l;nl;nfdf To:tf] xftxltof/ cfk"ml;t /fVg,
k|of]u ug{ jf lnP/ lx8\g afwf k'Ug] 5}g .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf s;"/ ug]{ jf u/fpg] JolQmnfO{ kfFr jif{;Dd s}b
/ krf; xhf/ ?k}ofF;Dd hl/afgf x'g]5 .
!##= xftxltof/ v/vhfgfsf] sf/f]af/sf] clen]v /fVg' kg]{ M -!_ Ohfhtkq k|fKt u/L
xftxltof/ jf v/vhfgfsf] sf/f]af/ ug{] JolQmn] cfk"mn] sf/f]af/ u/]sf] xft xltof/
jf v/vhfgfsf] 5'§} clen]v /fVg' kg]{5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd /flvPsf] clen]vdf cGo s'/fsf] cltl/Qm b]xfosf
s'/f v'nfpg' kg]{5 M–
-s_ cfk"mn] vl/b jf laqmL u/]sf], cf];f/ k;f/ u/]sf], e08f/0f u/]sf],
lgsf;L jf k}7f/L u/]sf] xftxltof/sf] lsl;d, ljj/0f / kl/df0f,
-v_ xftxltof/ s;}nfO{ laqmL u/]sf] eP vl/b ug]{ JolQmsf] gfd, y/,
jtg, gful/stf jf /fxbfgLsf] gDj/ / hf/L ePsf] ldlt tyf :yfg .
-#_ xftxltof/ jf v/vhfgfsf] sf/f]af/ ug]{ JolQmn] pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhdsf]
clen]v xftxltof/ tyf v/vhfgfsf] lgoGq0f jf k|zf;g ug]{ clwsf/L, d'2fsf]
cg';Gwfg ug]{ clwsf/L jf cbfntn] dfu]sf] avt b]vfpg' jf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
-$_ Ohfhtkq k|fKt u/L xftxltof/ jf v/vhfgfsf] Jofj;flos sf/f]af/ ug]{
JolQm afx]s cGo s;}n] xftxltof/ jf v/vhfgfsf] sf/f]af/ ug'{ kbf{ ;DalGwt
lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{nosf] :jLs[lt lnO{ ug'{ kg]{5 .
50
-%_ pkbkmf -!_, -#_ jf -$_ ljk/Ltsf] sfo{ ug]{ jf u/fpg] JolQmnfO{ b'O{
jif{;Dd s}b / aL; xhf/ ?k}ofFF;Dd hl/afgf x'g]5 .
!#$= cf0fljs, /f;folgs, h}ljs -lhjf0f'o'Qm_ jf ljiffn' xftxltof/ pTkfbg jf sf/f]af/
ug{ gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] s'g} klg k|sf/sf] cf0fljs, /f;folgs, h}ljs -lhjf0f'o'Qm_ jf
ljiffn' xftxltof/sf] lgdf{0f, pTkfbg, vl/b, laqmL, k|flKt, :jfdLTj wf/0f, x:tfGt/0f,
e08f/0f, ;~ro, cf];f/ k;f/ jf lgsf;L jf k}7f/L jf To;sf] nflu nufgL jf
Joj:yfkg ug{ jf u/fpg' x'Fb}g .
-s_ æ/f;folgs xftxltof/Æ eGgfn] ;Djt\ @)$( ;fn kf}if @(
ut] -!# hgj/L, !((# sf lbg k]l/;df ;DkGg ePsf]
/f;folgs xftxltof/sf] ljsf;, pTkfbg, ;~ro tyf
pkof]usf] k|ltjGw ug]{ tyf To;sf]] ljgfzsf ;DaGwdf
Joj:yf ePsf] dxf;lGw -sGe]G;g cg lb k|f]lxlazg ckm lb
8]enkd]G6, k|8Szg, :6skfOlnË P08 o'h ckm s]ldsn
ljkG; P08 lbo/ l8:6«Szg_ n] kl/efiff u/] adf]lhdsf]
/f;folgs xftxltof/ ;Demg' k5{ .
-v_ æh}ljs jf ljiffn' xftxltof/Æ eGgfn] ;Djt @)@* ;fn r}q
@* ut] -!) clk|n, !(&@_ sf lbg n08g, d:sf] /
jfl;Ë6gdf ;DkGg ePsf] h}ljs -hLjf0f'o'Qm_ / ljiffn'
xftxltof/sf] ljsf;, pTkfbg tyf ;~rosf] k|ltjGw tyf
To;sf]] ljgf;sf ;DaGwdf Joj:yf ePsf] dxf;lGw -sGe]G;g
cg lb k|f]lxljzg ckm lb 8]enkd]G6, k|8S6zg P08
:6skfOlnË ckm AofS6]l/of]nlhsn -afof]nlhsn_ P08 6lS;g
ljkG;\ P08 cg lbo/ l8:6«Szg_ n] kl/efiff u/] adf]lhdsf]
h}ljs -lhjf0f'o'Qm_ jf ljiffn' xftxltof/ ;Demg' k5{ .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ug]{ JolQmnfO{ aL; jif{;Dd s}b / b'O{ nfv
?k}ofFF;Dd hl/afgf x'g]5 .
51
!#%= s;"/;Fu ;DalGwt rn crn ;DklQ hkmt x'g] M o; kl/R5]b cGtu{tsf] s'g} s;"/
ePsf]df To:tf] s;"/;Fu ;DalGwt xftxltof/ / v/vhfgf / To:tf xftxltof/sf]
pTkfbg ug{], lgdf{0f ug]{, /fVg] jf cf];f/ k;f/ ug]{, oGq, pks/0f, cf}hf/ jf ;jf/L
;fwg / To:tf] xftxltof/ jf v/vhfgfsf] vl/b laqmLaf6 k|fKt /sd / To;af6 a9]
a9fPsf] /sd hkmt x'g]5 .
t/ 9'jfgLsf] ;fwg jf ;jf/L ;fwgsf] wgLn] xftxltof/ jf v/vhfgf 9'jfgL
ePsf] s'/f lghnfO{ yfxf gePsf] k|dfl0ft u/]df To:tf] ;jf/L ;fwg hkmt x'g] 5}g .
!#^= Ifltk"lt{ e/fpg] M s;}n] o; kl/R5]b cGtu{tsf] s'g} s;"/ u/]sf] sf/0faf6 s;}sf]
hLp jf ;DklQsf] xflg, gf]S;fgL ePsf] /x]5 eg] s;"/bf/af6 kLl8t JolQmnfO{
To;sf] dgfl;a Ifltk"lt{ e/fO{ lbg' kg]{5 .
!#&= xbDofb M bkmf !#@ cGtu{tsf] s;"/df To:tf] s;"/ ePsf] ldltn] tLg dlxgfleq /
o; kl/R5]b cGtu{tsf cGo s;"/df To:tf] s;"/ eP u/]sf] yfxf kfPsf] ldltn] 5
dlxgf gf3]kl5 ph'/ nfUg] 5}g .
kl/R5]b – &
ljikmf]6s kbfy{ ;DaGwL s;"/
!#*= ljikmf]6s kbfy{ pTkfbg ug{ gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] Ohfhtkq k|fKt gu/L jf Ohfhtkq
k|fKt u/]sf] eP klg Ohfhtkqdf pNn]v ePsf zt{ / aGb]h ljk/Lt x'g] u/L s'g}
klg lsl;dsf] ljikmf]6s kbfy{ agfpg, tof/ ug{ jf pTkfbg ug{ x'Fb}g .
:ki6Ls/0f M o; ;+lxtfsf] k|of]hgsf nflu M
-s_ æljikmf]6s kbfy{Æ eGgfn] ljikmf]6g eO{ Iflt k'¥ofpg] cfO=O=8LÙ
6L=Pg=;L= Pdf6f]n, af/f]6f]n, k]G6f]nfO6, ¥oflk8 l86f]g{]l6e
PS:Knf]l;e -cf/=8L= PS;_, 6f]/ k]mS;, Anfli6s PS:Knf]l;e,
8fOgfdfO6, af?b, gfO6«f]lUnl;l/g, h]n]UgfO6, :6]dfO6,
;]N;fO6, l86f]g]6/, Anfli6s Sofk, ljB'tLo Anfli6s Sofk,
k\mo"h, cflt;jfhL, k6fsf, ug s6g, ug kfp8/ Anfl:6s
kfp8/, kf/f] -ds{/L_ jf cGo s'g} wft'sf] k'mNo"g]6, ;f]xL
k|s[ltsf ljikmf]6g x'g] cGo s'g} kbfy{ jf g]kfn ;/sf/n] g]kfn
52
/fhkqdf ;"rgf k|sfzg u/L tf]s]sf] s'g} kbfy{ ;Demg' k5{ /

;f] zAbn] ad ;d]tnfO{ hgfpF5 .
-v_ æadÆ eGgfn] s'g} ljikmf]6s kbfy{ jf cGo s'g} ;fwg, kmd"{nf,
k|lqmof jf pkfoåf/f cfk}mF jf cGo s'g} kbfy{åf/f ljikmf]6g x'g]
u/L agfOPsf] lu|g]8 jf To:t} k|s[ltsf] cGo ljikmf]6s
kbfy{o'Qm j:t' jf kbfy{ ;Demg' k5{ .
;hfo x'g]5 M–
-s_ s8f ljikmf]6s kbfy{ -xfO PS;Knf]l;e_ eP bz jif{;Dd s}b /
Ps nfv ?k}ofF;Dd hl/afgf,
-v_ g/d ljikmf]6s kbfy{ -nf] PS:Knf]l;e_ eP kfFr jif{;Dd s}b /
krf; xhf/ ?k}ofFF;Dd hl/afgf,
-u_ ;fdfGo ljikmf]6s kbfy{ eP tLg jif{;Dd s}b / tL; xhf/
?k}ofF;Dd hl/afgf,
-3_ ljikmf]6s kbfy{ pTkfbg jf lgdf{0f ug]{ ;+oGq, d]zLg jf
Hofjnsf] pTkfbg ug]{, k|of]u ug]{, /fVg] jf cGo sf/f]af/
ug]{nfO{ b'O{ jif{;Dd s}b / aL; xhf/ ?k}ofF;Dd hl/afgf .
:ki6Ls/0f M o; kl/R5]bsf] k|of]hgsf nflu M–
-!_ æs8f ljikmf]6s kbfy{Æ eGgfn] 8fOgfdfO6,
gfO6«f]lUn;l/g, l6=Pg=;L=, h]n]UgfO6, dg{S6g/nfj,
kf/f]sf] k'mNo"g]6, cf/=8L= PS;, Pdf6f]n, af/f]6f]n,
k]G6f]nfO6, :6]dfO6, ;]N;fO6n, Anfli6s PS:kf]lne;
ad / To:t} k|s[ltsf cGo ljikmf]6s kbfy{ ;Demg' k5{ .
-@_ æg/d ljikmf]6s kbfy{Æ eGgfn] Anfli6s kfp8/, ug
kfp8/, ug s6g, kf/f], af?b jf cGo s'g} wft'sf]
k'mNo"g]6 / To:t} k|s[ltsf cGo ljikmf]6s kbfy{ ;Demg'
k5{ .
53
-#_ æ;fdfGo ljikmf]6s kbfy{Æ eGgfn] l86f]g]6/, Anfli6s

Sofk, ljB'tLo Anfli6s Sofk, k\mo"h, cflt;jfhL,
k6fsf / To:t} k|s[ltsf cGo ljikmf]6s kbfy{ ;Demg'
k5{ .
!#(= ljikmf]6s kbfy{sf] sf/f]af/ ug{ gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] Ohfhtkq k|fKt gu/L jf Ohfht
kq k|fKt u/]sf] ePklg Ohfhtkqdf pNn]v ePsf zt{ / aGb]h ljk/Lt x'g] u/L
ljikmf]6s kbfy{sf] sf/f]af/ ug{ jf u/fpg x'Fb}g .
:ki6Ls/0f M o; bkmfsf] k|of]hgsf] nflu æsf/f]af/Æ eGgfn] vl/b ug]{ u/fpg], laqmL
ug]{, /fVg], k|of]u ug]{, ;~ro ug]{, e08f/0f ug]{, cf];f/ k;f/ ug]{, kl/jt{g ug]{,
ld;fj6 ug]{, lgsf;L jf k}7f/L ug]{ sfd ;Demg' k5{ .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ug]{ JolQmnfO{ b]xfo ad]flhd ;hfo
x'g]5 M–
-s_ s8f ljikmf]6s kbfy{ eP bz jif{;Dd s}b / Ps nfv
?k}ofFF;Dd hl/afgf,
-v_ g/d ljikmf]6s kbfy{ eP kfFr jif{;Dd s}b / krf; xhf/
?k}ofFF;Dd hl/afgf,
-u_ ;fdfGo ljikmf]6s kbfy{ eP tLg jif{;Dd s}b / tL; xhf/
?k}ofFF;Dd hl/afgf .
!$)= s[lqd ljikmf]6s kbfy{ agfpg jf k|of]u ug{ gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] ;j{;fwf/0fn] k|of]u jf
pkef]u ug]{ ;fdfGo pkef]Uo j:t'sf] jf To:tf] j:t'sf] ef}lts jf /f;folgs tTjdf
s'g} ef}lts jf /f;folgs k|lqmof, kmd"{nf, pkfo jf ljlwaf6 x]/k]m/, kl/jt{g u/L jf
To;sf]] ?k, agf}6 jf cfsf/df kl/jt{g u/L s'g} lsl;dsf] ad jf cGo s'g}
ljikmf]6s kbfy{sf] ?kdf k|of]u ug{ jf u/fpg x'Fb}g .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ug]{ JolQmnfO{ tLg jif{;Dd s}b jf tL;
xhf/ ?k}ofF;Dd hl/afgf jf b'a} ;hfo x'g]5 .
!$!= af?bL ;'?Ë agfpg jf ljikmf]6s kbfy{ cf]5\ofpg gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] ;fj{hlgs ?kdf
k|of]u x'g] ;8s jf af6f], :yn, ejg, k'n, ;'?Ë jf ;j{;fwf/0fn] lx88'n ug]{ cGo
s'g} 7fpFdf ljikmf]6s kbfy{ cf]5\ofpg jf /fVg jf s'g} k|HjngzLn kbfy{ jf ljB'tLo
54
w/fk -PDa';_ /fVg jf To:tf] kbfy{ /fvL jf w/fk cf]5\ofO{ cfjfudgdf jf ;fj{hlgs
pkof]usf cGo s'g} s'/fsf] k|of]udf cj/f]w k'¥ofpg x'Fb}g .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ug]{ jf u/fpg] JolQmnfO{ bz jif{;Dd s}b /
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ u/]sf] sf/0faf6 s;}sf] hLp, Hofg jf
;DklQdf Iflt k'u]df s;"/bf/nfO{ To; afkt o; ;+lxtf adf]lhd x'g] ;hfodf
pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhdsf] ;hfo yk x'g]5 .
!$@= pTkfbg jf sf/f]af/sf] clen]v /fVg' kg]{ M -!_ ljikmf]6s kbfy{sf] pTkfbg jf
sf/f]af/ ug{ Ohfht kq k|fKt u/]sf] JolQmn] To:tf] kbfy{sf] pTkfbg, lgdf{0f, tof/L
jf sf/f]af/ ubf{ k|To]s k6s pTkfbg jf sf/f]af/ u/]sf] k|To]s ljikmf]6s kbfy{sf] 5'§}
clen]v /fVg' kg]{5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] clen]vdf cGo s'/fsf] cltl/Qm b]xfosf ljj/0f
v'nfpg' kg]{5 M–
-s_ s] s:tf ljikmf]6s kbfy{, s] slt kl/df0fdf pTkfbg, tof/L jf
lgdf{0f ePsf] xf],
-v_ ljikmf]6s kbfy{sf] sf/f]af/ ePsf] eP s] s:tf] k|of]hgsf nflu
sf/f]af/ ePsf] xf],
-u_ ljikmf]6s kbfy{ laqmL ljt/0f ePsf] eP s'g JolQmnfO{ s]
s:tf] k|of]hgsf nflu s] slt kl/df0f laqmL ljt/0f ePsf] xf] .
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ ad]flhd /flvPsf] clen]v la:kmf]6s kbfy{sf] sf/f]jf/ ug]{
JolQmn] ljikmf]6s kbfy{ lgoGq0f jf k|zf;g ug]{ clwsf/k|fKt clwsf/L, d'2fsf]
txlssft jf cleof]hg ug]{ clwsf/L jf cbfntn] dfu]sf avt pknAw u/fpg'
kg]{5 .
-$_ o; bkmf ljk/Lt sfd ug]{ jf u/fpg] JolQmnfO{ tLg dlxgf;Dd s}b jf
!$#= ljikmf]6s kbfy{sf] cf];f/ k;f/, 9'jfgL jf e08f/0f ubf{ xf]l;of/L ckgfpg' kg]{ M -!_
ljikmf]6s kbfy{sf] sf/f]af/ ug{ Ohfhtkq k|fKt u/]sf] JolQmn] To:tf j:t'sf] k|of]u
ubf{, 9'jfgL jf cf];f/ k;f/ ubf{ jf e08f/0f ubf{ To:tf] kbfy{sf] k|s[lt cg';f/
55
kof{Kt ;'/Iff x'g] u/L k|of]u ug'{ jf pko'Qm Dofulhgdf /fvL 9'jfgL jf cf];f/ k;f/
jf e08f/0f ug'{ kg]{5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ ljk/Lt sfd ug]{ jf u/fpg] JolQmnfO{ krf; xhf/ ?k}ofF;Dd
hl/afgf x'g]5 .
!$$= s;"/;Fu ;DalGwt rn jf crn ;DklQ hkmt x'g] M o; kl/R5]b cGtu{t ;hfo x'g]
s'g} s;"/ ePsf]df To:tf] s;"/;Fu ;DalGwt ;Dk"0f{ ljikmf]6s kbfy{, To:tf] kbfy{
pTkfbg, tof/L jf lgdf{0f ug{ k|of]u x'g] dfn;fdfg, pks/0f, cf}hf/ jf sRrf kbfy{,
To:tf] kbfy{ cf];f/ k;f/ jf 9'jfgL ug]{ ;jf/L ;fwg jf 9'jfgL ;fwg / To:tf]
kbfy{sf] pTkfbg, tof/L, lgdf{0f jf sf/f]af/ u/L k|fKt u/]sf] /sd / To;af6 a9]
a9fPsf] /sd hkmt x'g]5 .
t/ 9'jfgLsf] ;fwg jf ;jf/L ;fwgsf] wgLn] ljikmf]6s kbfy{ 9'jfgL ePsf]
s'/f lghnfO{ yfxf gePsf] k|dfl0ft ePdf To:tf] 9'jfgLsf] ;fwg jf ;jf/L ;fwg
hkmt x'g] 5}g .
!$%= Ifltk"lt{ e/fpg] M s;}n] o; kl/R5]b cGtu{tsf] s'g} s;"/ u/]sf] sf/0faf6 s;}sf]
hLp, wgsf] xflg, gf]S;fgL ePsf] /x]5 eg] s;"/bf/af6 kLl8t JolQmnfO{ To;sf]
dgfl;a Ifltk"lt{ e/fO{ lbg' kg]{5 .
!$^= xbDofb M bkmf !$# cGtu{tsf s;"/df To:tf] s;"/ eP u/]sf] ldltn] tLg dlxgf /
o; kl/R5]b cGtu{tsf cGo s;"/df To:tf] s;"/ eP u/]sf] yfxf kfPsf] ldltn] 5
dlxgf gf3]kl5 ph'/ nfUg]5}g .
kl/R5]b – *
/fli6«o tyf ;fj{hlgs ;Dkbf la?4sf s;"/
!$&= JolQm ljz]ifn] ;fj{hlgs 3/, hUuf cfk\mgf] agfpg gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] b]xfosf] 3/ jf
hUuf g]kfn ;/sf/, k|b]z ;/sf/ jf :yfgLo txsf] k"j{:jLs[lt ljgf btf{ u/L jf
gu/L cfk\mgf] agfpg jf s'g} lsl;dn] sAhf, cfjfb jf cltqmd0f ug{ jf To:tf] 3/
jf hUufsf] ef]u rngdf s'g} lsl;dsf] afwf ca/f]w ug{ x'Fb}g M—
-s_ g]kfn ;/sf/, k|b]z ;/sf/ jf :yfgLo tx jf g]kfn ;/sf/,
56

lgoGq0f ePsf] ;fj{hlgs ;+:yfsf] gfddf /x]sf] ======= 3/
hUuf,
-v_ k/fk"j{b]lv ;fd'bflos jf ;fj{hlgs ef]u rngdf /x]sf]
;fd'bflos jf ;fj{hlgs 3/ hUuf .
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ df plNnlvt 3/, hUuf s'g} JolQm ljz]ifsf] gfddf btf{ jf
gfd;f/L eO;s]sf] eP To:tf] btf{ ;d]t :jtM ab/ x'g]5 .
!$*= JolQm ljz]ifn] ;fj{hlgs ;Dkbf cfk\mgf] agfpg gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] s'g} ;fj{hlgs
;Dkbf btf{ u/L jf gu/L lghL agfpg jf To:tf] ;Dkbfsf] ;fj{hlgs ef]u rngdf
s'g} lsl;dn] afwf cj/f]w ug{ jf cGo s'g} lsl;dn] sAhf, cfjfb jf cltqmd0f ug{
jf To:tf] ;DkbfnfO{ s'g} lsl;dn] xflg, gf]S;fgL jf Iflt k'¥ofpg x'Fb}g .
:ki6Ls/0f M o; bkmfsf] k|of]hgsf] nflu æ;fj{hlgs ;DkbfÆ eGgfn] b]xfo
adf]lhdsf ;Dkbf ;Demg' k5{ M–
-s_ k/fk"j{b]lv ;fj{hlgs ?kdf lxF8L cfPsf] af6f],
-v_ ;fj{hlgs ?kdf ef]u rng x'b} cfPsf] ;8s, uf}r/, kfgL3f6,
lrxfg, d;fg3f6, wf/f], kw]/f], s'jf, kf]v/L, kf]v/Lsf] l8n,
vfg]kfgLsf] d"n, gx/, s'nf], ufO{j:t' r/fpg] rf}/ jf lgsfNg]
lgsfz,
-u_ xf6 ahf/ nfUg] :yfg,
-3_ b]j:yn, d7, dlGb/, :t'k, u'Djf, dl:hb jf luhf{3/,
-ª_ kf6L, kf}jf ;Qn, rf}tf/f],
-r_ P]ltxfl;s d"lt{, zflns, ;fF:s[lts :tDe jf :df/s,
-5_ wfld{s jf ;fF:s[lts sfo{ jf ;df/f]x ug]{ 7fpF,
-h_ g]kfn ;/sf/n] tf]s]sf] /fli6«o jg jf g]kfn ;/sf/, k|b]z
;/sf/ jf :yfgLo txsf]] :jfldTj /x]sf] jg jf To;sf] s'g}
c+z .

57
jf krf; xhf/ ?k}Fof;Dd hl/afgf jf b'j} ;hfo x'g]5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] ;fj{hlgs ;Dkbf s;}sf] gfddf btf{ jf gfd;f/L
eO;s]sf] eP ;f] ;d]t :jtM ab/ x'g]5 .
!$(= k|fs[lts ;Dkbfdfly cltqmd0f ug{ gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] sfg"g adf]lhd afx]s k|fs[lts
;Dkbfdfly s'g} lsl;dn] cltqmd0f jf sAhf ug{ jf To:tf] ;Dkbf laqmL ljt/0f ug{
jf To;sf] k|fs[lts agfj6 jf ;f}Gbo{df s'g} lsl;dn] xflg, gf]S ;fgL jf Iflt
k'¥ofpg x'Fb}g .
:ki6Ls/0fM o; bkmfsf] k|of]hgsf] nflu æk|fs[lts ;DkbfÆ eGgfn] b]xfosf ;DkbfnfO{
;Demg' k5{ M–
-s_ k|fs[lts jftfj/0f, jg:klt / jGohGt'sf] ;+/If0fsf nflu
g]kfn ;/sf/n] tf]s]sf] /fli6«o lgs'~h, jGohGt' jf lzsf/
cf/If,
-v_ g]kfn ;/sf/n] tf]s]sf] ;+/If0f If]q, gbL, gfnf, vf]nf, tfn
tn}of, ;Ld;f/ If]q jf k|fs[lts em/gf, lxdlzv/ jf To;sf]
s'g} c+z, pRr kxf8L r'r'/f],
-u_ k|rlnt sfg"g jf g]kfn ;/sf/, k|b]z ;/sf/ jf :yfgLo txn]
;+/If0f u/]sf] jGohGt', jg:klt jf e"–agf}6,
-3_ g]kfn ;/sf/, k|b]z ;/sf/ jf :yfgLo txn] ;+/If0f u/]sf
jGohGt'sf] jf;:yfg, kof{j/0fLo k4lt jf laqmL ljt/0f,
lgsf;L jf k}7f/Ldf lgif]w u/]sf hl8a'6L .
ljuf] v'n]sf]df lauf] adf]lhd / lauf] gv'n]sf]df bznfv ?k}ofF+;Dd hl/afgf jf b'j}
;hfo x'g]5 .
!%)= ;fj{hlgs ef}lts ;+/rgfsf] cglws[t sAhf jf ljgfz ug{ gx'g] M
-!_ sfg"g adf]lhd afx]s s;}n] s'g} ;fj{hlgs ef}lts ;+/rgf cglws[t ?kdf sAhf
ug{, To:tf] ;+/rgf k|of]u x'g glbg jf s'g} lsl;dn] xflg, gf]S;fgL jf ljgfz ug{
x'Fb}g .
58
:ki6Ls/0f M o; bkmfsf] k|of]hgsf] nflu æ;fj{hlgs ef}lts ;+/rgfÆ eGgfn]

;fj{hlgs ?kdf k|of]u x'g] b]xfosf ;+/rgf ;Demg' k5{ M–
-s_ ;8s, af6f], k'n, ;'?Ë, ljdfg:yn,
-v_ hnfzo, gx/, vfg]kfgLsf] d'xfg tyf kf]v/L, ljB't u[x, ljB't
k|;f/0f s]Gb| jf To;sf] nfOg,
-u_ /Hh'dfu{, s]j'nsf/, b"/;~rf/ ;DaGwL pks/0f, /]l8of] :6]zg,
6]lnlehg k|zf/0f s]Gb| tyf To;sf] 6fj/,
-3_ /]n tyf /]ndfu{,
-ª_ ;fj{hlgs a; lj;f}gL, ;fj{hlgs pBfg, jf
-r_ cGo o:t} ;+/rgf .
Ps nfv ?k}ofF+;Dd hl/afgf x'g]5 .
!%!= /fli6«o ufg, em08f jf lgZffg 5fksf] ckdfg jf Iflt ug{ gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] g]kfn jf
g]kfn ;/sf/ la?4 3[0ff k}mnfpg] lgotn] g]kfnsf] /fli6«o ufgsf] ckdfg ug{,
g]kfnsf] em08f hnfpg, To;sf] hfgLhfgL ckdfg ug{ jf ;fj{hlgs g}ltstf,
lzi6frf/ jf ;bfrf/sf] b[li6sf]0fn] k|of]u ug{ gx'g] 7fpF, j:t' jf cj:yfdf To:tf]
ufg, em08f jf g]kfnsf] lgzfgf 5fk k|of]u ug{ x'Fb}g .
-#_ s;}n] g]kfn;+Fu d}qL ;DaGw ePsf] d'n's lj?4 3[0ff k}mnfpg] jf To:tf]
d'n'ssf] ckdfg ug]{ lgotn] To:tf] d'n'ssf] /fli6«o em08f hnfpg, To;sf]]
hfgLhfgL b'?kof]u ug{ jf To:tf] em08f jf To:tf] d'n'ssf] lgzfg 5fksf] b'?kof]u
ug{ jf ;fj{hlgs g}ltstf / lzi6frf/sf] b[li6sf]0faf6 k|of]u ug{ gx'g] j:t', 7fpF jf
cj:yfdf To:tf] em08f jf 5fksf] k|of]u ug{ x'Fb}g .
-$_ s;}n] ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3 jf ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3;Fu ;Dj4 ;+:yf jf ljlzi6Ls[t
lgsfo jf g]kfn ;b:o /x]sf] s'g} cGt//fli6«o jf If]qLo ;+:yfnfO{ 3[0ff jf ckdfg
ug]{ lgotn] To:tf ;+:yfsf] em08f jf lgZffg 5fk s'g} lsl;dn] b'?kof]u ug{ jf
59
To:tf ;+:yfsf] :jLs[lt ljgf To:tf] em08f jf To:tf] ;+:yfsf] lrXg, ;jf/L ;fwg jf
cGo s'g} j:t' k|of]u ug{ x'Fb}g .
-%_ pkbkmf -#_ jf -$_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ug]{ jf u/fpg] JolQmnfO{ Ps
jif{;Dd s}b jf bz xhf/ ?k}ofF;Dd hl/afgf jf b'j} ;hfo x'g]5 .
!%@= /fli6«o lje"ltsf] ckdfg ug{ gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] g]kfn ;/sf/n] tf]s]sf /fli6«o
lje"ltnfO{ hfgLhfgL 3[0ff, ckdfg jf abgfd ug{, To:tf lje"ltsf] zflns, :tDe jf
:df/s eTsfpg jf xflg, gf]S;fgL ug{ x'Fb}g .
t/ To:tf lje"ltsf] hLjgL cWoog cg';Gwfg jf d"NofÍgsf] ;Gbe{df c;n
lgotn] ul/Psf] l6sf l6Kk0fLnfO{ o; bkmf adf]lhdsf] s;"/ dflgg] 5}g .
jf kfFr xhf/ ?k}ofF;Dd hl/afgf jf b'j} ;hfo x'g]5 .
!%#= Ifltk"lt{ e/fO{ lbg' kg]{ M bkmf !%) adf]lhdsf] s;"/ u/]sf] sf/0faf6 ePsf] xflg,
gf]S;fgL afkt s;"/bf/af6 dgfl;a Ifltk"lt{ e/fO{ lbg' kg]{5 .
!%$= xbDofb M o; kl/R5]bsf] bkmf !$&, !$* / !$( cGtu{tsf s;"/df hlxn];'s} klg
ph'/ ug{ ;lsg]5 / cGo bkmf cGtu{tsf] s;"/sf] xsdf To:tf] s;"/ eP u/]sf]
ldltn] 5 dlxgfkl5 ph'/ nfUg] 5}g .
kl/R5]b – (
wd{ ;DaGwL s;"/
!%%= wfld{s:yn jf kljq dflgPsf] :yfgnfO{ Iflt k'¥ofpg gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] s'g} hft,
hflt, ;Dk|bfo jf ju{sf] wfld{s cf:yf jf wd{sf] 3[0ff ug]{ jf ckdfg ug]{ lgotn] jf
;f] x'g ;S5 eGg] hfgLhfgL s'g} wfld{s k"hf, k|fy{gf jf sd{ ug]{ :yfg jf kljq
dflgPsf] s'g} :yfg, j:t', dzfg3f6 jf lrxfgnfO{ xflg, gf]S;fgL jf Iflt k'¥ofpg jf
s'g} lsl;dn] b'lift ug{, laufg{, kmf]x/d}nf ug{ jf o:t} cGo sfo{ ug{
x'Fb}g .
60
-#_ ljb]zLn] pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ u/] jf u/fPsf]] /x]5 eg] pkbkmf -
@_ adf]lhdsf] s}b e'Qmfg ePsf] ;ft lbgleq lghnfO{ g]kfnaf6 aflx/ k7fpg'
kg]{5 .
!%^= wfld{s efjgfdf cf3ft k'¥ofpg gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] n]v]/, jrgn] jf cfsf/ jf
lrXgåf/f jf c? s'g} lsl;daf6 s'g} hft, hflt ;Dk|bfo jf ju{sf] wfld{s efjgfdf
cf3ft k'¥ofpg x'Fb}g .
!%&= wfld{s /Llt–l:yltdf afwf k'¥ofpg gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] ;gftgb]lv ckgfpb} jf rnL
cfPsf] c?sf] wfld{s /Llt–l:yltdf hfgLhfgL afwf k'¥ofpg x'Fb}g .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ug]{ jf u/fpg] JolQmnfO{{ Ps jif{;Dd s}b
!%*= wd{ kl/jt{g u/fpg gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] s;}sf] wd{ kl/jt{g u/fpg jf ;f] s'/fsf]
pBf]u ug{ jf b'?T;fxg lbg x'Fb}g .
-@_ s;}n] s'g} hft, hflt jf ;Dk|bfodf ;gftgb]lv rnL cfPsf] wd{, dt jf
cf:yfdf vnn kfg]{ s'g} sfd jf Jojxf/ ug{ jf vnn x'g] u/L s'g} k|nf]eg b]vfO{
jf gb]vfO{ cGo s'g} wd{df kl/jt{g u/fpg jf wd{ kl/jt{g u/fpg] lgotn]] To:tf]
wd{ jf dt k|rf/ ug{ x'Fb}g .
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ jf -@_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ug]{ jf u/fpg] JolQmnfO{ kfFr
jif{;Dd s}b / krf; xhf/ ?k}ofFF;Dd hl/afgf x'g]5 .
-$_ pkbkmf -!_ jf -@_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ug]{ jf u/fpg] JolQm ljb]zL /x]5
eg] To:tf] JolQmnfO{ o; bkmf adf]lhd ePsf] s}b e'Qmfg u/]sf] ;ft lbgleq g]kfn
aflx/ k7fpg' kg]{5 .
!%(= xbDofb M bkmf !%* cGtu{tsf] s;"/df To:tf] s;"/ ePsf] yfxf kfPsf] ldltn] 5
dlxgf / o; kl/R5]b cGtu{tsf] cGo s;"/df To:tf] s;"/ ePsf]] ldltn] tLg dlxgf
61
kl/R5]b –!)
e]befj tyf cGo ckdfghGo Jojxf/ ;DaGwL s;"/
!^)= e]befjk"0f{ Jojxf/ ug{ gx'g] M -!_ sfg"gdf cGoyf Joj:yf ePsf]df afx]s sfg"g
adf]lhd clwsf/ k|of]u ug]{ clwsf/Ln] To:tf] clwsf/ jf ;fdfGo sfg"gsf] k|of]u
ubf{ pTklQ, wd{, j0f{, hft, hflt, lnË, zf/Ll/s cj:yf, ckfËtf, :jf:Yo l:ylt,
j}jflxs l:ylt, uef{j:yf, cfly{s cj:yf, efiff jf If]q, j}rfl/s cf:yf jf o:t} cGo
s'g} cfwf/df s'g} klg gful/sdfly hfgLhfgL e]befjk"0f{ Jojxf/ ug{
x'Fb}g .
jf tL; xhf/ ?k}ofF;Dd hl/afgf jf b'j} ;hfo x'g]5 .
!^!= e]befj u/L a:t' jf ;]jf vl/b laqmL jf ljt/0f ug{ gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] s'g} a:t' jf
;]jfsf] vl/b jf laqmL ljt/0f ubf{ u/fpFbf s'g} vf; hft, hflt jf ;Dk|bfosf]
JolQmaf6 dfq jf To:tf JolQmnfO{ dfq vl/b jf laqmL ljt/0f ug{] jf s'g} vf; hft,
hflt jf ;Dk|bfosf JolQmnfO{ pknAw gu/fpg] jf laqmL ljt/0f gug]{ sfo{ ug{
x'Fb}g .
t/ cfly{s, ;fdflhs jf z}lIfs b[li6n] lk5l8Psf] ju{sf] lxt ;+/If0f jf
ljsf;sf nflu sfg"g adf]lhd clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Lsf] :jLs[lt lnO{ s'g} vf; j:t'
jf ;]jf s'g} vf; hft, hflt jf ;Dk|bfosf JolQmnfO{ dfq pknJw u/fPsf]df jf
laqmL ljt/0f u/]sf]df o; bkmf adf]lhd s;"/ u/]sf] dflgg] 5}g .
!^@= hjh{:tL sfddf nufpg gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] s;}nfO{ lghsf] OR5f la?4 sfddf
nufpg x'Fb}g .
t/ ;fj{hlgs sfdsf] nflu sfg"g adf]lhd >ddf nufpg o; bkmfn] afwf
k'¥ofPsf] dflgg] 5}g .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ug]{ jf u/fpg] JolQmnfO{ tLg dlxgf;Dd
s}b jf kfFr xhf/ ?k}ofF;Dd hl/afgf jf b'j} ;hfo x'g]5 .
62
!^#= bf; agfpg gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] s'g} JolQmnfO{ bf; jf sdf/f, sdf/L agfpg, To:tf]]
x}l;otdf /fVg, sfddf nufpg jf ;f] ;/xsf] cGo s'g} klg Jojxf/ ug{ jf u/fpg
x'Fb}g .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ug]{ jf u/fpg] JolQmnfO{ kfFrb]lv bz
jif{;Dd s}b / krf; xhf/b]lv Ps nfv ?k}ofFF;Dd hl/afgf x'g]5 .
!^$= aGws agfpg jf afFwf /fVg gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] s'g} JolQmnfO{ s'g} klg k|sf/sf]
k|ltkmn afkt sd}of /fVg jf aGws agfpg jf afFwf /fVg jf afFwfsf] x}l;otdf
sfddf nufpg jf ;f] ;/xsf] cGo s'g} klg k|sf/sf] Jojxf/ ug{ jf u/fpg x'Fb}g .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ug]{ jf u/fpg] JolQmnfO{ tLg jif{b]lv ;ft
jif{;Dd s}b / tL; xhf/ ?k}ofFFb]lv Ps nfv ?k}ofFF;Dd hl/afgf x'g]5 .
!^%= ;fdflhs /Llt l:yltdf vnn kfg{ gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] s;}sf] ;fdflhs /Llt l:yltdf
vnn kg]{ jf vnn x'g] u/L e'mSofO{ jf hah{:tL u/L s'g} sfd ug{ jf u/fpg x'Fb}g .
:ki6Ls/0f M o; bkmfsf] k|of]hgsf] nflu hftLo e]befj x'g] /Lltl:yltnfO{ ;fdflhs
/Lltl:ylt dflgg] 5}g .
!^^= hfltkfltsf] cfwf/df 5'jf5't jf cGo e]befjk"0f{ Jojxf/ ug{ gx'g] M -!_ s;}n]
s;}nfO{ k|yf, k/Dk/f, wd{, ;+:s[lt, l/ltl/jfh, hft, hflt, ;d'bfo, k]zf, Joj;fo,
zf/Ll/s cj:yf jf ;fdflhs ;Dk|bfosf] pTkltsf] cfwf/df 5'jf5't jf cGo s'g}
lsl;dsf] e]befj ug{ jf ;fj{hlgs :yndf pkl:yt x'g jf s'g} ;fj{hlgs k|s[ltsf
wfld{s :yndf k|j]z ug{ /f]Sg jf ;fj{hlgs k|of]udf /x]sf] kfgL, kw]/f] k|of]u ug{
al~rt ug{ jf cGo s'g} lghL jf ;fj{hlgs pkof]u jf ;'ljwfsf s'/fsf] k|of]u
ug{af6 al~rt ug{ x'Fb}g .
-@_ pbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ug]{ jf u/fpg] JolQmnfO{ tLg jif{;Dd s}b jf
tL; xhf/ ?k}ofF;Dd hl/afgf jf b'j} ;hfo x'g]5 / /fi6«;]jsn] o; bkmfdf n]lvPsf]
s;"/ u/]df yk tLg dlxgf;Dd s}b ;hfo x'g]5 .
!^&= oftgf lbg gx'g] M -!_ k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd s;"/sf] cg';Gwfg ug]{, cleof]hg ug]{,
sfg"gsf] sfof{Gjog ug]{ jf sfg"g adf]lhd lgoGq0f, lx/f;t jf y'gfdf /fVg] clwsf/
63
k|fKt clwsf/Ln] s;}nfO{ zf/Ll/s jf dfgl;s oftgf lbg jf lbg nufpg jf q'm/,
lgd{d, cdfgjLo jf ckdfghgs Jojxf/ ug{ jf u/fpg x'Fb}g .
:ki6Ls/0f M o; bkmfsf] k|of]hgsf nflu kqmfp k/]sf], lgoGq0fdf /x]sf], lx/f;t,
y'gf, s}b jf gh/aGb jf cfkm\gf] ;'/Iffdf /x]sf] s'g} JolQm jf To:tf] JolQmsf]
sf/0fn] cGo s'g} JolQmnfO{ b]xfosf] p2]Zon]] hfgLhfgL zf/Ll/s jf dfgl;s kL8f jf
si6 k'¥ofPdf jf lgd{d, cdfgjLo jf ckdfghgs Jojxf/ jf ;hfo lbPdf To:tf]
JolQm pk/ oftgf lbPsf] jf q'm/, lgd{d, cdfgjLo jf ckdfghgs Jojxf/ u/]sf]
dflgg]5 M–
-s_ s'g} ljifodf hfgsf/L xfl;n ug]{],
-v_ s'g} s;"/df ;flat u/fpg],
-u_ s'g} sfo{sf] nflu b08 lbg],
-3_ hf]/ h'n'd jf qf; b]vfpg], jf
-ª_ sfg"g ljk/Ltsf cGo s'g} sfo{ ug{] .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ug]{ JolQmnfO{ s;"/sf] uDeL/tf x]/L kfFr
jif{;Dd s}b jf krf; xhf/ ?k}ofFF;Dd hl/afgf jf b'j} ;hfo x'g]5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ug{ cfb]z lbg] JolQm jf o; bkmf
adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ug{ ;xof]u ug]{ dltof/nfO{ d'Vo s;"/bf/ ;/x ;hfo x'g]5 .
-$_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd s;"/ ug]{ s'g} JolQmn] cfkm"eGbf dflysf clwsf/Lsf]
cfb]z kfngf u/L To:tf] s;"/ u/]sf] eGg] bfjL lng kfpg] 5}g / lghn] To:tf]
cfwf/df To:tf] s;"/ u/] afkt x'g] ;hfoaf6 pGd'lQm kfpg]] 5}g .
!^*= ckdfghgs jf cdfgjLo Jojxf/ ug{ gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] s;}nfO{ ckdfghgs jf
cdfgjLo Jojxf/ ug{ jf u/fpg' x'Fb}g .

=====================
-s_ af]S;f af]S;Lsf] cf/f]k nufpg],
-v_ af]S;f af]S;Lsf] cf/f]k nufO{ a;f]af; u/]sf] 7fFpaf6 lgsfnf ug]{,
-u_ ;fdflhs alxisf/ ug{], jf
-3_ cGo h'g;'s} sfd u/L qm'/, cdfgjLo jf ckdfghGo Jojxf/ ug{] .

64
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ug]{ JolQmnfO{ kfFr jif{;Dd s}b / krf;
xhf/ ?k}ofF;Dd hl/afgf x'g]5 .
-#_ dlxnfsf] /h:jnf jf ;'Ts]/Lsf] cj:yfdf 5fpk8Ldf /fVg jf To:t} cGo
s'g} lsl;dsf e]befj, 5'jf5't jf cdfgjLo Jojxf/ ug'{ jf u/fpg' x'Fb}g .
-$_ pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ug]{ JoltmnfO{ tLg dlxgf;Dd s}b jf tLg
-%_ /fi6«;]jsn] o; bkmfdf n]lvPsf] s;"/ u/]df lghnfO{ yk tLg dlxgf;Dd
s}b ;hfo x'g]5 .
!^(= Ifltk"lt{ e/fO{ lbg' kg]{ M o; kl/R5]b adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ug]{ JolQmaf6 kLl8t
JolQmnfO{ k'u]sf] Iflt jf kL8f afkt dgfl;a Ifltk"lt{ e/fO{ lbg' kg]{5 .
!&)= xbDofb M -!_ bkmf !^# / !^$ cGtu{tsf s;"/df hlxn] ;'s} ph'/ nfUg]5 .
-@_ bkmf !^& cGtu{tsf] s;"/df To:tf] s;"/ ePsf] jf ;DalGwt JolQm
kqmfp, lgoGq0f, lx/f;t, y'gf, s}b jf gh/aGbaf6 d'Qm ePsf] ldltn] / o; kl/R5]b
cGtu{tsf cGo s;"/df s;"/ eP u/]sf] yfxf kfPsf] ldltn] 5 dlxgf gf3]kl5 ph'/
nfUg] 5}g .
kl/R5]b –!!
ljjfx ;DaGwL s;"/
!&!= d~h'/L ljgf ljjfx ug{ gx'g] M -!_ ljjfx ug]{ JolQmx?sf] d~h'/L ljgf s;}n] s;}nfO{
ljjfx ug{ jf u/fpg x'Fb}g .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd d~h'/L ljgf ePsf] ljjfx ab/ x'g]5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ug]{ JolQmnfO{{ b'O{ jif{;Dd s}b / aL; xhf/
:ki6Ls/0f M o; bkmfsf] k|of]hgsf nflu bkmf !&# adf]lhd ljjfx ug{ k"/f x'g' kg]{
pd]/ k"/f gePsf] JolQmn] lbPsf] d~h'/LnfO{ d~h'/L dflgg] 5}g .
!&@= xf8gftfdf ljjfx ug{ gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] k/Dk/f cg';f/ rnL cfPsf] cj:yfdf afx]s
xf8gftf s/0fLdf ;hfo x'g] gftfdf ljjfx ug{ jf u/fpg x'Fb}g .
65
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] ljjfx yfxf gkfO{ ePsf] /x]5 eg] To:tf] ljjfx
ab/ x'g]5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] ljjfx hfgLhfgL ePsf] /x]5 eg] To:tf] ljjfx
ug]{nfO{ xf8gftf s/0fLsf] s;"/df x'g] ;hfo / u/fpg]nfO{ tLg dlxgf;Dd s}b jf
tLg xhf/ ?k}ofF;Dd hl/afgf jf b'j} ;hfo x'g]5 / To:tf] ljjfx :jtM jb/ x'g]5 .
!&#= afn ljjfx ug{ gx'g] M -!_ ljjfx ug]{ JolQmsf] pd]/ aL; jif{ gk'uL s;}n] ljjfx ug{
jf u/fpg x'Fb}g .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ ljk/Lt ePsf] ljjfx :jtM ab/ x'g]5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ug]{ JolQmnfO{ tLg jif{;Dd s}b / tL; xhf/
!&$= ljjfxdf n]gb]g ug{ gx'g] M -!_ cfk\mgf] k/Dk/fb]lv rnL cfPsf] ;fdfGo pkxf/, e]6L,
blIf0ff jf z/L/df nufPsf] Ps;/f] uxgf afx]s ljjfx ug]{ b'nxf jf b'nxLsf tkm{af6
s'g} lsl;dsf] rn, crn, bfOhf] jf s'g} ;DklQ dfu u/L jf n]gb]g zt{ /fvL ljjfx
ug{ jf u/fpg x'Fb}g .
-#_ s;}n] ljjfx u/L ;s]kl5 pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] rn, crn ;DklQ jf
bfOhf] dfu ug{ jf To:tf] rn, crn ;DklQ jf bfOhf] glbPsf] sf/0fn] b'nxL jf
lghsf gft]bf/nfO{ s'g} lsl;dn] x}/fg kfg{, ;tfpg jf s'g} cdfgjLo jf ckdfghGo
Jojxf/ ug{ x'Fb}g .
-$_ pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ug]{ JolQmnfO{ kfFr jif{;Dd s}b jf krf;
-%_ pkbkmf -!_ jf -#_ adf]lhd s'g} ;DklQ lnPsf]df To:tf] ;DklQ ;DalGwt
JolQmnfO{ lkmtf{ lbg' kg{]5 .
!&%= jx'ljjfx ug{ gx'g] M -!_ ljjflxt k'?ifn] j}jflxs ;DaGw sfod /x]sf] cj:yfdf csf]{
ljjfx ug'{ x'Fb}g .
-@_ s'g} k'?if ljjflxt xf] eGg] hfgLhfgL To:tf] k'?if;Fu s'g} dlxnfn] ljjfx
ug{' x'Fb}g .
66
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ jf -@_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg klt kTgLn] sfg"g
adf]lhd c+zj08f u/L leGg ePdf k'?if jf dlxnfn] k'gM ljjfx ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-$_ pkbkmf -!_ jf -@_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ug]{ jf u/fpg] JolQmnfO{ Ps jif{b]lv
kfFr jif{;Dd s}b / bz xhf/ ?k}ofFb]lv krf; xhf/ ?k}ofF;Dd hl/afgf x'g]5 .
-%_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] ljjfx :jtM ab/ x'g]5 .
-^_ o; bkmfdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg of] ;+lxtf nfu" x'g'cl3
tTsfn k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd ePsf] ljjfxsf] xsdf o; bkmfdf n]lvPsf] s'g}
s'/fn] c;/ kf/]sf] dflgg] 5}g .
!&^= xbDofb M o; kl/R5]b cGtu{tsf] s;"/df s;"/ eP u/]sf] s'/f yfxf kfPsf] ldltn]
kl/R5]b – !@
Hofg ;DaGwL s;"/
!&&= Hofg dfg]{ lgotn] s'g} sfd ug{ gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] s;}sf] lgotk"j{s Hofg dfg{ jf
Hofg dfg]{ s'g} sfd ug{ jf u/fpg x'Fb}g .
:ki6Ls/0f M o; bkmfsf] k|of]hgsf] nflu s;}n] s;}nfO{ lghsf] Hofg dg{
;Sg] u/L lgotk"j{s uDeL/ zf/Ll/s rf]6 jf Iflt k'¥ofPsf]df tTsfn} Hofg gd/L
;f]xL rf]6sf] kl/0ffd :j?kkl5 Hofg d/]df klg ;f]xL JolQmn] Hofg df/]sf] dflgg]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ug]{ jf u/fpg] JolQmnfO{ hGd s}bsf] ;hfo
x'g]5 .
!&*= Hofg hfg ;Sg] sfd ug{ gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] s'g} sfd ubf{ ;fwf/0ftof dflg;sf] Hofg
hfg ;S5 eGg] hfgLhfgL jf ljZjf; ug'{ kg]{ sf/0f x'Fbf x'Fb} To:tf] sfd ug{ x'Fb}g .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] sf/0faf6 s;}sf] Hofg d/]df s;"/bf/nfO{
hGds}bsf] ;hfo x'g]5 .
!&(= uDeL/ pQ]hgf jf /L;sf] cfj]zaf6 Hofg lng gx'g] M -!_ bkmf !&& jf !&* df
h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg b]xfosf] cj:yfdf Hofg lng] JolQmnfO{ bzb]lv kGw|
jif{;Dd s}b / Ps nfv ?k}ofFFb]lv Ps nfv krf; xhf/ ?k}ofFF;Dd hl/afgf x'g]5 M–

67
-s_ s;}n] tTsfn uDeL/ pQ]hgf lbnfpg] s'g} sfd u/]af6

s;"/bf/n] cfTd;+od\sf] zlQm u'dfO{ To:tf] pQ]hgf lbnfpg]
JolQmsf] Hofg df/]sf]df,
t/ b]xfosf] cj:yfdf of] v08 nfu" x'g] 5}g M–
-!_ s;}n] sfg"gsf] kfngf ubf{, lghL /Iffsf]
clwsf/sf] k|of]u ubf{, s'g} /fi6«;]jsn] cfk\mgf]
kbLo st{Josf] kfng ubf{ jf kfng ug{ nfu]sf]
s'g} sfdaf6 s;"/bf/ pQ]lht x'g uPdf,
-@_ s;}nfO{ s'g} Iflt k'¥ofpg] lgotn] s;"/bf/
:jo+n] pQ]lht u/fPsf] / To;/L pQ]lht eO{
To:tf]] JolQmn] u/]sf] sfdaf6 s;}sf] Hofg
uPsf]df,
-v_ lghL /Iffsf] clwsf/ c;n lgotn] k|of]u ubf{ To:tf]
clwsf/sf] ;Ldf gf£g uO{ h;sf] la?4 To:tf] clwsf/ k|of]u
ePsf] xf] ;f] JolQmsf] Hofg d/]sf]df,
-u_ PsfPs ePsf] emu8fdf p7]sf] /L;sf] cfj]zdf tTsfn s;}sf]
Hofg d/]sf]df,
t/ o; v08 adf]lhdsf] sfd ubf{ s;"/bf/n] cg'lrt
nfe xfl;n u/]sf] jf q''m/ jf c:jefljs tj/af6 sfd u/]sf]
x'g' x'Fb}g .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ sf] v08 -v_ / -u_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg OjL
lnP/ jf ;f]r ljrf/ u/]/ Hofg lnPsf]df ;f] v08x?df n]lvPsf] Joj:yf nfu" x'g]
5}g .
!*)= dfg{ rfx]sf] JolQm gd/L csf]{ JolQm d/]df ;hfo x'g] M bkmf !&&, !&* / !&( df
h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg s;}n] s;}nfO{ dfg]{ lgotn] jf s'g} JolQm dg{ ;S5
eGg] hfgLhfgL jf To;sf] ljZjf; ug'{ kg]{ sf/0f eO{ s'g} sfd ubf{ To:tf] JolQm
gd/L csf]{ JolQm dg{ uPdf lghnfO{ cj:yf cg';f/ bkmf !&&, !&* / !&( df
n]lvP adf]lhdsf] ;hfo x'g]5 .
68
!*!= nfk/jfxLk"0f{ sfd u/L Hofg dfg{ gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] nfk/jfxLk"0f{ sfd u/L s;}sf]
Hofg dfg{ x'Fb}g .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ug{] JolQmnfO{ bkmf !&&, !&* / !&( sf]
cj:yfdf afx]s tLgb]lv bz jif{;Dd s}b / tL; xhf/ ?k}ofFFb]lv Ps nfv ?k}ofFF;Dd
hl/afgf x'g]5 .
!*@= x]nrqm\ofO{+ u/L Hofg dfg{ gx'g] M -!_ bkmf !&( sf] cj:yfdf afx]s s;}n]
x]nrqm\ofOk"0f{ s'g} sfd u/L s;}sf] Hofg dfg{ x'Fb}g .
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ df n]lvPb]lv afx]s s;}sf] Hofg dg{ ;S5 h:tf] gb]lvPsf]
cj:yfdf s;}n] s'g} sfd ubf{ eljtJodf k/L s;}sf] Hofg uPdf lghnfO{ 5
dlxgfb]lv b'O{ jif{;Dd s}b jf aL; xhf/ ?k}ofFF;Dd hl/afgf jf b'j} ;hfo x'g]5 .
!*#= Hofg dfg]{ pBf]u ug{ gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] s;}sf] Hofg dfg]{ lgotn] To;sf] pBf]u ug{
x'Fb}g .
!*$= cfkm\gf] ;+/IfsTjdf /x]sf] JolQmnfO{ kmfNg jf kl/Tofu ug{ gx'g] M -!_ s'g} gjhft
lzz', afnaflnsf, czQm /f]uL jf j[4 JolQmnfO{ cfkm"n] x]/rfx jf :ofxf/ ;Def/ ug]{
st{Jo ePsf] JolQmn] lghsf] lhp, Hofgdf vt/f k'Ug ;Sg] u/L kmfNg, kl/Tofu ug{
jf j]jf:tf u/L 5f]8\g x'Fb}g .
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/af6 To:tf] afnaflnsf, czQm, /f]uL jf a[4
JolQm d/]sf] /x]5 eg] s;"/bf/nfO{ ;ft jif{;Dd s}b / ;Q/L xhf/ ?k}ofFF;Dd
hl/afgf x'g]5 .
t/ kmflnPsf], kl/Tofu ul/Psf] jf j]jf:tf u/L 5f8]sf] sf/0faf6 gjhft
lzz'sf] d[To ePdf bkmf !&& adf]lhd ;hfo x'g]5 .
69
!*%= cfTdxTof ug{ b'?T;fxg lbg gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] s;}nfO{ cfTdxTof ug{ b'?T;fxg lbg
jf To:tf] sfd ug]{ ;Ddsf] kl/l:ylt v8f ug{ jf u/fpg x'Fb}g .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ug]{ JolQmnfO{ kfFr jif{;Dd s}b / krf;
!*^= Ifltk"lt{ e/fO{ lbg' kg]{ M o; kl/R5]b adf]lhd ePsf] s;"/af6 s;}sf] lhp, Hofg jf
;DklQdf xflg, gf]S;fgL jf Iflt ePdf s;"/bf/af6 kLl8t JolQm / lgh geP lghsf]
xsjfnfnfO{ dgfl;a Ifltk"lt{ e/fO{ lbg' kg]{5 .
!*&= xbDofb M -!_ bkmf !&&, !&*, !&(, !*), !*!, !*@ / !*$ sf] pkbkmf -#_ df

/x]sf] k|ltaGwfTs jfSof+z cGtu{tsf s;"/bf/ cfkm}+ ;flat eO{ kf]n]sf]df hlxn];'s}
klg ph'/ nfUg]5 . To:tf] s;"/df st{Josf] ph'/L k/]sf]df cg';Gwfgaf6 st{Jojfnf
oxL xf] eGg] kQf gnfu]sf]df aL; jif{kl5 / st{Josf] ph'/ gk/]sf]df ;f] jf/bft
ePsf] b'O{ jif{kl5 ph'/L nfUg] 5}g .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ df n]lvPb]lv afx]ssf o; kl/R5]b cGtu{tsf cGo s;"/df
To:tf] s;"/ ePsf] s'/f yfxf kfPsf] ldltn] 5 dlxgf gf3]kl5 ph'/ nfUg] 5}g .
kl/R5]b – !#
ue{ ;+/If0f la?4sf] s;"/
!**= ue{ktg ug{ gx'g] M -!_ bkmf !*( sf] cj:yfdf afx]s s;}n] ue{ktg ug{ jf
ue{ktg u/fpg] lgotn] jf ue{ ktg x'g ;S5 eGg] hfgLhfgL jf ljZjf; ug'{ kg]{
s'g} sfd u/L ue{ktg u/fpg' x'Fb}g .
-@_ s;}n] ue{jtL dlxnfnfO{ s/sfk u/L jf wDsL lbO{ jf nnfO{ kmsfO{ jf
k|nf]egdf kf/L ue{ktg u/fpg x'Fb}g .
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ jf -@_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ug]{ jf u/fpg] JolQmnfO{ b]xfo
adf]lhdsf] ;hfo x'g]5 M–
-s_ afx| xKtf;Ddsf] ue{ eP Ps jif{;Dd s}b / bz xhf/
?k}ofFF;Dd hl/afgf,

70
-v_ afx| xKtfeGbf a9L kRRfL; xKtf;Ddsf] ue{ eP tLg jif{;Dd

s}b / tL; xhf/ ?k}ofFF;Dd hl/afgf,
-u_ kRrL; xKtfeGbf a9Lsf] ue{ eP kfFr jif{;Dd s}b / krf;
xhf/ ?k}ofFF;Dd hl/afgf .
-$_ ue{ktg ug{] sfd ubf{ tTsfn ue{ktg geO{ aRrf lhpFbf] hGdL To:tf]
sfdsf] kl/0ffd :j?k hlGdPsf] aRrf tTsfn d/]df o; bkmfsf] k|of]hgsf nflu
ue{ktg u/fPsf] dflgg] 5 .
-%_ s;}n] s'g} ue{jtL dlxnfsf] Hofg lng] pBf]u ubf{ To:tL dlxnf gd/L
lghsf] ue{df /x]sf] kRrL; xKtf jf kRrL; xKtfeGbf a9L cjlwsf] ue{ ktg x'g
uPdf ;f] sfd ug]{ s;"/bf/nfO{ o; ;+lxtf jf cGo sfg"g adf]lhdsf] ;hfodf yk
kfFr jif{;Dd s}b x'g]5 .
-^_ o; bkmfdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg s;}n] s'g} ue{jtL
dlxnf la?4 s'g} l/; OjLn] s'g} sfd ubf{ ue{ktg x'g uPdf ue{ktg ug]{ lgotn]
To:tf] sfd u/]sf] /x]g5 eg] klg b]xfo adf]lhdsf] ;hfo x'g]5 M–
-s_ afx| xKtf;Ddsf] ue{ eP Ps jif{;Dd s}b,
-v_ afx| xKtfeGbf a9L kRrL; xKtf;Ddsf] ue{ eP tLg jif{;Dd
s}b,
-u_ kRrL; xKtfeGbf a9Lsf] ue{ eP kfFRf jif{;Dd s}b .
-&_ s;}n] ue{ktg u/fpg] p2]Zon] ue{df /x]sf] e|'0fsf] lnË klxrfg x'g] s'g}
sfd ug{ jf u/fpg / To;/L lnË klxrfg ePkl5 ue{ktg ug{ jf u/fpg' x'Fb}g .
-*_ pkbkmf -&_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ug{] JolQmnfO{ b]xfo adf]lhdsf] ;hfo
x'g]5 M–
-s_ ue{ktg u/fpg] p2]Zon] ue{df /x]sf] e|'0fsf] lnË klxrfg ug{]
jf u/fpg]nfO{ tLg dlxgfb]lv 5 dlxgf;Dd s}b, /
-v_ lnË klxrfg u/L ue{ktg ug]{ jf u/fpg]nfO{ pkbkmf -#_ df
n]lvPsf] ;hfodf yk Ps jif{;Dd s}b .
71
!*(= ue{ ktg u/fpg ;Sg] M bkmf !** df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg :jf:YosdL{n]
b]xfosf] cj:yfdf ue{ktg u/fPsf]df o; ;+lxtf cGtu{tsf] s;"/ eP u/]sf] dflgg]
5}g M–
-s_ ue{jtL dlxnfsf] d~h'/Ln] afx| xKtf;Ddsf]] ue{ktg
u/fPsf]df,
-v_ ue{ktg gu/fPdf ue{jtL dlxnfsf] Hofgdf vt/f k'Ug ;S5
jf lghsf] zf/Ll/s jf dfgl;s :jf:Yo v/fa x'g ;S5 jf
ljsnfË aRrf hGdG5 egL Ohfht k|fKt lrlsT;ssf] /fo
eO{ To:tL dlxnfsf] d~h'/Ln] ue{ktg u/fPsf]df,
-u_ hjh{:tL s/0fL jf xf8gftf s/0fLaf6 /xg uPsf] c7f/
xKtf;Ddsf] ue{ ue{jtL dlxnfsf] d~h'/Ln] ue{ktg u/fPsf]df,
-3_ /f]u k|lt/f]ws Ifdtf pGd'lQm ug]{ lhjf0f' -Pr=cfO{=eL=_ jf
To:t} k|s[ltsf] cGo lgsf] gx'g] /f]u z/L/df ePsL dlxnfsf]]
d~h'/Ln] ue{ktg u/fPsf]df .
:ki6Ls/0f M o; bkmfsf] k|of]hgsf] nflu æ:jf:YosdL{Æ eGgfn] lgwf{l/t of]Uotf k'uL
ue{ktg u/fpg Ohfht k|fKt u/]sf] lrlsT;s jf :jf:YosdL{ ;Demg' k5{ .
!()= xbDofb M o; kl/R5]b cGtu{tsf] s;"/df To:tf] s;"/ ePsf] s'/f yfxf kfPsf] ldltn]
5 dlxgf gf3]kl5 ph'/ nfUg] 5}g .
kl/R5]b –!$
s'6lk6 jf cËeË ;DaGwL s;"/
!(!= s'6lk6 ug{ gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] s;}nfO{ s'6lk6 ug{ x'Fb}g .
-@_ s;}n] s;}nfO{ b]xfosf] s'g} sfo{ u/]df lghn] s'6lk6 u/]sf] dflgg]5 M–
-s_ s'g} lsl;dsf] zf/Ll/s kL8f k'¥ofPdf,
-v_ s'g} sfd u/L bkmf !)$ / !)% df plNnlvt /f]u afx]ssf]
cGo s'g} /f]u ;f/]df,
-u_ cGo s'g} sfo{ u/L czQm agfPdf .

72
:ki6Ls/0f M o; bkmfsf] k|of]hgsf] nflu æczQmÆ eGgfn] z/L/sf] s'g} cË ;fdfGo

?kdf sfd ug{ g;Sg] u/L czQm ePsf] cj:yf ;Demg' k5{ / ;f] zAbn] dfgl;s
czQmtfnfO{ ;d]t hgfpF5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ug]{ jf u/fpg] JolQmnfO{ tLg jif{;Dd s}b
!(@= cËeË ug{ gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] s;}sf] cËeË ug{ jf u/fpg xF'b}g .
-@_ s;}n] s;}nfO{ hfgLhfgL s'6lk6 ubf{ b]xfo adf]lhdsf] kl/0ffd ePdf
cËeËsf] s;"/ u/]sf]] dflgg]5 M–
-s_ cfFvfsf] x]g]{ zlQm xLg u/L jf cfFvf kmf]/L b[li6ljxLg
agfOlbPdf,
-v_ gfssf] ;'F£g] zlQm gfz ul/lbPdf,
-u_ sfgsf] ;'Gg] zlQm gfz ul/lbPdf,
-3_ lha|f]sf] af]Ng] zlQm gfz ul/lbPdf,
-ª_ dlxnfsf] :tg sfl6lbPdf,
-r_ dlxnfnfO{ afFemf]kg jf k'?ifnfO{ k'?ifTjxLg agfPdf,
-5_ d]?b08, 8F8fNg'', xft v'6\6f jf To:tf cª\usf] hf]gL{
efFrL, kmf]/L, km'sfnL a]sDdf kfl/lbPdf,
-h_ s'6lk6sf] sf/0faf6 cfˆgf] k]zfsf] sfd ug{ g;Sg] u/L
c;Ifd agfOlbPdf .
-#_ s'6lk6af6 tTsfn cËeË geP tfklg ;f]xL sfdsf] kl/0ffd :j?k kl5
pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhdsf] kl/0ffd lg:s]df klg cËeË ePsf] dflgg]5 .
-$_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ug]{ JolQmnfO{ bz jif{;Dd s}b / Ps nfv
-%_ pkbkmf -$_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg Pp6} lsl;dsf] sfd lbg]
Pp6feGbf a9L cË x'g]df To;dWo] Pp6f cËdfq a]sDdf kf/L lbPsf] eP ;f]
pkbkmfdf n]lvPsf] ;hfosf] cfwf ;hfo x'g]5 / cËeË ePsf] vt lgsf] eO{
sfdnfUg] ePdf tLgjif{;Dd s}b / tL; xhf/ ?k}ofF;Dd hl/afgf x'g]5 .
73
!(#= t]hfa jf cGo /f;folgs, h}ljs jf ljiffn' kbfy{ k|of]u u/L s'?k kfg{ gx'g ] M -!_
s;}n] s;}nfO{ t]hfa jf o:t} k|sf/sf cGo /f;folgs, h}ljs jf ljiffn' kbfy{ k|of]u
u/L jf 5ls{O{ jf To:tf] kbfy{n] kf]nL, 8fdL, bnL, 3;L lhpdf kL8f u/fpg] jf
cg'xf/ jf z/L/sf] s'g} cË s'?k kfg]{ sfd ug{' jf u/fpg' x'Fb}g .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ug]{ JolQmnfO{ s;"/sf] k|s[lt x]/L cg'xf/
s'?k kf/]df kfFr jif{b]lv cf7 jif{;Dd s}b / Ps nfv ?k}ofFb]lv kfFr nfv ?k}ofF;Dd
hl/afgf / z/L/sf] cGo cË s'?k kf/]df jf z/L/df kL8f k'¥ofPdf tLg jif{b]lv kfFr
jif{;Dd s}b / krf; xhf/ ?k}ofFb]lv tLg nfv ?k}ofF;Dd hl/afgf x'g]5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd hl/afgf afkt k|fKt k"/} /sd kLl8tnfO{ Ifltk"lt{
afkt lbg' kg]{5 .
!($= uDeL/ pQ]hgf jf /L;sf] cfj]zaf6 s'6lk6 jf cËeË ePsf]df ;hfo M -!_ bkmf
!(! jf !(@ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg b]xfosf] cj:yfdf s'6lk6 ug]{
JolQmnfO{ s'6lk6 u/L cËeË u/]sf] /x]5 eg] b'O{ jif{;Dd s}b jf aL; xhf/
?k}ofFF;Dd hl/afgf jf b'j} ;hfo / cGo s'g} lsl;dn] rf]6 k'¥ofPsf] /x]5 eg] Ps
jif{;Dd s}b jf bz xhf/ ?k}ofFF;Dd hl/afgf jf b'j} ;hfo x'g]5 M–
-s_ s;}n] tTsfn uDeL/ pQ]hgf lbnfpg] s'g} sfd u/]af6
s;"/bf/n] cfTd;+od\sf] zlQm u'dfO{ To:tf] pQ]hgf lbnfpg]
JolQmnfO{ jf e|dj; c? s;}nfO{ s'6lk6 u/]df jf ;+of]ujz
c? s;}nfO{ rf]6 k'Ug uPsf]df .
t/ b]xfosf] cj:yfdf of] v08 nfu" x'g] 5}g M–
-!_ s;}n] sfg"gsf] kfng ubf{, lghL /Iffsf] clwsf/sf]
k|of]u ubf{, s'g} /fi6«;]jsn] cfk\mgf] kbLo st{Josf]
kfng ubf{ jf kfng ug{ nfu]sf] s'g} sfdaf6 pQ]lht
x'g uO{ s'6lk6 u/]sf]df,
-@_ s;}nfO{ s'g} Iflt k'¥ofpg] lgotn] s;"/bf/ :jo+n]
s;}nfO{ pQ]lht u/fPsf] / To;/L pQ]lht eO{ To:tf]
JolQmn] u/]sf] sfdaf6 s;"/bf/ cfk}mF pQ]hgfdf k/L
s'6lk6 u/L rf]6 k'¥ofPsf]df .
74
-v_ lghL /Iffsf] nflu cfjZos kg]{ aneGbf a9L an k|of]u u/L
s;}nfO{ Iflt k'¥ofPsf]df,
-u_ PsfPs p7]sf] emu8fsf] /L;sf] cfj]zdf tTsfn s;}nfO{ rf]6
k'¥ofPsf]df .
t/ o; v08 adf]lhdsf] sfd ubf{ s;"/bf/n] cg'lrt
nfe xfl;n u/]sf] jf q''m/ jf c:jefljs tj/af6 sfd u/]sf]
x'g' x'Fb}g .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ sf] v08 -v_ / -u_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg OjL
lnP/ jf ;f]r ljrf/ u/]/ s'6lk6 jf cËeË u/]sf]df ;f] v08x?df n]lvPsf] Joj:yf
nfu" x'g] 5}g .
!(%= nfk/jfxLk"0f{ sfd u/L jf x]nrq\mofO{ u/L s'6lk6 ug{ jf cËeË jf cGo rf]6
k'¥ofpg gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] nfk/jfxLk"0f{ sfd u/L jf x]nrSo|fOF u/L s;}nfO{ s'6lk6
ug{, cËeË ug{ jf cGo rf]6 k'¥ofpg x'Fb}g .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ug]{ JolQmnfO{ b]xfo adf]lhdsf] ;hfo
x'g]5 M—
-s_ nfk/jfxLk"0f{ sfd u/L cËeË ePsf]df b'O{ jif{;Dd s}b jf
aL; xhf/ ?k}ofFF;Dd hl/afgf jf b'j} ;hfo / cGo lsl;dsf]
rf]6 k'u]sf] /x]5 eg] Ps jif{;Dd s}b jf bz xhf/ ?k}ofFF;Dd
hl/afgf jf b'j} ;hfo,
-v_ x]nrSo|fOF u/L To:tf] s;"/ u/]sf] /x]5 eg] 5 dlxgf;Dd s}b
jf kfFr xhf/ ?k}ofFF;Dd hl/afgf jf b'j} ;hfo .
!(^= cfk/flws an k|of]u ug{ gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] s;} pk/ cfk/flws an k|of]u ug{ x'Fb}g .
-@_ s;}n] s;}nfO{ b]xfo adf]lhdsf] sfo{ u/]df lghn] cfk/flws an k|of]u
u/]sf] dflgg]5 M—
-s_ s'g} s;"/ ug]{ lgotn] s'g} JolQm pk/ s'g} lsl;dsf] an k|of]u
u/]df,
75
-v_ s'g} JolQm jf lghsf] kl/jf/ jf ;DklQnfO{ Iflt k'¥ofpg] 8/,

qf; pTkGg u/fpg] jf lemem\ofpg] lgotn] jf To:tf] x'g ;S5
eGg] hfgLhfgL lgh pk/ an k|of]u u/]df,
-u_ s;}nfO{ cfk"m pk/ an k|of]u x'g nfu]sf] eGg] ql;t kf/]df jf
wDsL lbPdf jf hf]/ h'n'd u/]df jf c? s'g} lsl;dn] To;sf]
pBf]u u/]df .
-#_ o; bkmfdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg ;DalGwt ljifosf]
lzIf0f, k|lzIf0f jf tflnd lbFbf, s'g} lsl;dsf] clego ubf{, pkrf/ ubf{ jf enfO{
x'g] lsl;dn] s;}sf] d~h'/L lnO{ s'g} an k|of]u u/]sf]df jf s'g} lsl;dsf] v]n x'Fbf
:jefljs k|s[ltsf] an k|of]u u/]sf]df cfk/flws an k|of]u u/]sf] dflgg] 5}g .
t/ s;}nfO{ Iflt k'¥ofpg] ablgotn] an k|of]u u/]sf]df o; pkbkmfsf]
Joj:yf nfu" x'g] 5}g .
-$_ cfk/flws an k|of]u ug]{ jf u/fpg] JolQmnfO{ xltof/ lnO{ u/]sf] eP
tLg jif{;Dd s}b jf tL; xhf/ ?k}ofF;Dd hl/afgf jf b'j} ;hfo / xltof/ glnO{
u/]sf] eP Ps jif{;Dd s}b jf bz xhf/ ?k}ofFF;Dd hl/afgf jf b'j} ;hfo x'g]5 .
!(&= s;"/ ug]{ lgotn] j]xf]; kfg{ gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] s'g} s;"/ ug{ ;lhnf] kfg]{ lgotn]
c?nfO{ j]xf]; t'Nofpg], n7\ofpg] jf c:j:y kfg]{ kbfy{ v'jfpg jf cGo s'g} k|sf/n]
;]jg u/fpg jf s'g} k|sf/n] j]xf]; u/fpg x'Fb}g .
bz xhf/ ?k}ofFF;Dd hl/afgf x'g]5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] sfd u/L To:tf] s;"/ eO;s]sf] /x]5 eg] To:tf]]
s;"/ afkt x'g] ;hfodf o; bkmf adf]lhdsf] ;hfo yk x'g]5 .
!(*= Ifltk"lt{ M o; kl/R5]bdf plNnlvt s;"/af6 s;}sf] hLp jf Hofgdf rf]6k6s jf
xflg, gf]S;fgL ePsf] /x]5 eg] s;"/bf/af6 kLl8t JolQmnfO{ dgfl;a Ifltk"lt{ e/fO{
lbg' kg]{5 .
!((= xbDofb M bkmf !(^ cGtu{tsf] s;"/df To:tf] s;"/ eP u/]sf] ldltn] tLg dlxgf
gf3]kl5, bkmf !(& cGtu{tsf] s;"/df To:tf] JolQmsf] xf]; cfPsf] ldltn] 5 dlxgf
76
gf3]kl5 / o; kl/R5]b cGtu{tsf] cGo s;"/df To:tf] s;"/ ePsf] ldltn] Ps jif{
kl/R5]b – !%
u}/sfg"gL y'gf ;DaGwL s;"/
@))= ablgotk"j{s y'g5]s ug{ gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] s'g} JolQmnfO{ sfg"g adf]lhd afx]s
ablgotk"j{s cGo s'g} lsl;dn] y'gfdf /fVg jf /fVg nufpg x'Fb}g .
-#_ clwsf/ k|fKt JolQmn] afx]s c? s;}n] s;}sf] cfjfudgdf cj/f]w ug{ jf
u/fpg x'Fb}g .
-$_ pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ug]{ JolQmnfO{ 5 dlxgf;Dd s}b jf kfFr
@)!= dfgjf]lrt Go"gtd ;'ljwf glbO{ y'gfdf /fVg gx'g] M -!_ sfg"g adf]lhd y'gfdf /fVg]
clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Ln] s;}nfO{ klg sfg"g adf]lhd pknAw u/fpg' kg{] ;'ljwf
glbO{ jf y'gfdf /flvPsf] 7fpFdf pknAw Go"gtd dfgjf]lrt ;'ljwf glbO{ y'gfdf
/fVg jf /fVg nufpg x'Fb}g .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ug]{ JolQmnfO{ 8]9 jif{;Dd s}b / kGw| xhf/
@)@= 5f8\g] cfb]z ePsf]df y'gL /fVg gx'g] M -!_ sfg"g adf]lhd y'gfdf /x]sf] s'g}
JolQmnfO{ y'gfaf6 5f8\g sfg"g adf]lhd clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Laf6 cfb]z k|fKt
ePkl5 To:tf] JolQmnfO{ y'gfaf6 g5f8L y'gL /fVg x'Fb}g .
bz xhf/ ?k}ofF;Dd x'g]5 .
@)#= uf]Ko tl/sfn] y'gfdf /fVg gx'g] M -!_ clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Ln] s'g} JolQmnfO{ y'gfdf
/fVbf lgh y'lgPsf] s'/f jf y'lgPsf] 7fpFsf] hfgsf/L gx'g] jf kQf gnfUg] u/L uf]Ko
?kdf y'gfdf /fVg' x'Fb}g .
77
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ug]{ jf u/fpg] JolQmnfO{ rf/ jif{;Dd s}b /
rfnL; xhf/ ?k}ofFF;Dd hl/afgf x'g]5 .
@)$= Ifltk"lt{ e/fO{ lbg' kg]{ M o; kl/R5]b adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ug]{ jf u/fpg] s;"/bf/af6
kLl8t JolQmnfO{ dgfl;a Ifltk"lt{ e/fO{ lbg' kg]{5 .
@)%= xbDofb M bkmf @)) sf] pkbkmf -#_ cGtu{tsf] s;"/df To:tf] s;"/ ePsf] ldltn] /
o; kl/R5]b cGtu{tsf cGo s;"/df y'gfdf k/]sf] JolQm y'gfaf6 d'Qm ePsf] ldltn]
kl/R5]b–!^
JolQm a]kQf kfg]{ ;DaGwL s;"/
@)^= JolQm a]kQf kfg]{ sfd ug{ u/fpg gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] s;}nfO{ a]kQf kfg]{ sfo{ ug{ jf
u/fpg x'Fb}g .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ sf] k|of]hgsf] nflu æJolQm a]kQf kfg]{ sfo{Æ eGgfn] b]xfosf]
sfo{ ;Demg' k5{ M–
-s_ sfg"g adf]lhd kqmfp ug{, cg';Gwfg ug{ jf sfg"g sfof{Gjog ug{
clVtof/L kfPsf] JolQm jf ;'/IffsdL{n] kqmfp u/]sf], lx/f;tdf /fv]sf]
jf cGo s'g} lsl;dn] lgoGq0fdf lnPsf] JolQmnfO{ d'2f x]g]{ clwsf/L
;dIf To;/L kqmfp u/]sf] jf lgoGq0fdf lnPsf] ldltn] af6f]sf] Dofb
afx]s rf}aL; 306fleq pkl:yt gu/fO{ jf ;/f]sf/jfnfnfO{ e]63f6
ug{ glbO{ lghnfO{ sxfF, s;/L / s'g cj:yfdf /flvPsf] 5 eGg]
;DaGwdf hfgsf/L glbg],
-v_ s'g} JolQm, ;Ë7g jf ;Ël7t jf c;Ël7t ;d"xsf] gfdaf6 s'g}
JolQmnfO{ ckx/0f u/L, sAhf jf lgoGq0fdf lnO{ jf cGo s'g} lsl;dn]
lghsf] j}olQms :jtGqtfaf6 jl~rt u/]sf]df To;/L jl~rt ug'{sf]
sf/0f tyf lghnfO{ sxfF, s;/L / s'g cj:yfdf /flvPsf] 5 eGg]
;DaGwdf ;/f]sf/jfnfnfO{ hfgsf/L glbg] .
78
-#_ s'g} JolQmnfO{ h'g JolQmsf] cfb]zn] kqmfp u/L, y'gfdf /fvL jf
lgoGq0fdf lnO{ j]kQf kf/]sf]] xf] To:tf] cfb]z lbg] / To:tf] cfb]zsf] sfof{Gjog ug]{
JolQm a]kQf kfg]]{ d'Vo s;"/bf/ dflgg]5 .
-$_ JolQm a]kQf kfg]{ sfo{ s'g} ;fj{hlgs kb wf/0f u/]sf] JolQm jf ;Ë7g jf
;Ël7t jf c;Ël7t ;d"xsf] lhDd]af/ JolQmsf] cfb]z jf lgb]{zg adf]lhd eP u/]sf]
/x]5 eg] To:tf] cfb]z jf lgb]{zg lbg] JolQm a]kQf kfg]{ d'Vo s;"/bf/ dflgg]5 .
-%_ s;}n] cfk"m dftxtsf] kbflwsf/L, lgsfo jf ;d"xåf/f JolQm a]kQf kfg]{
sfo{ ug{ jf u/fpg nfu]sf] s'/f yfxf kfP/ klg To;sf] pk]Iff u/]df jf To:tf] sfo{
/f]Sg] ;DaGwdf cfjZos pkfo gckgfPdf lghn] ;d]t o; bkmf adf]lhd s;"/
u/]sf] dflgg]5 .
-^_ s'g} JolQmnfO{ PseGbf a9L JolQmn] ;fd"lxs ?kdf a]kQf kf/]df To:tf]
sfo{df ;+nUg k|To]s JolQm ;dfg ?kdf s;"/bf/ dflgg]5 .
-&_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ug]{ JolQmnfO{ b]xfo adf]lhdsf] ;hfo
x'g]5 M–
-s_ JolQm a]kQf kfg{]nfO{ a]kQf kf/]sf] cjlw / cj:yfnfO{ ;d]t
ljrf/ u/L To:tf] sfd ug]{ d'Vo s;"/bf/nfO{ kGw| jif{;Dd s}b
/ kfFr nfv ?k}ofF;Dd hl/afgf,
-v_ JolQm a]kQf kfg{ dltof/ aGg] jf if8\oGq ug]{nfO{ JolQm a]kQf
kfg]{ d'Vo s;"/bf/ ;/x / ;f]sf] pBf]u ug]{ jf kl/k~r
ldnfpg] JolQmnfO{ d'Vo s;"/bf/nfO{ x'g] ;hfosf] cfwf
;hfo .
-*_ dlxnf jf afnaflnsf la?4 pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ dflgg] sfo{
ug{]nfO{ pkbkmf -&_ adf]lhd x'g] ;hfodf yk b'O{ jif{ s}b ;hfo x'g]5 .
-(_ s;}n] s'g} JolQmnfO{ a]kQf kfl/Psf] cj:yfdf j]kQf kfl/Psf] JolQmsf]
lj?4 sfg"g adf]lhd ;hfo x'g] cGo s'g} s;"/ u/]sf] /x]5 eg] lghnfO{ To:tf] s;"/
afkt sfg"g adf]lhd x'g] ;hfodf o; bkmf adf]lhd yk ;hfo x'g]5 .
-!)_ ;/sf/L ;fwg, ejg, xftxltof/ jf dfn;fdfg k|of]u u/L JolQm a]kQf
kfg]{ JolQmnfO{ o; bkmfdf x'g] ;hfodf yk Ps jif{ s}b x'g]5 .
79
@)&= s;"/;Fu ;DalGwt dfn;fdfg hkmt x'g] M o; kl/R5]b cGtu{t ;hfo x'g] s;"/ ubf{
;DalGwt wgLn] hfgLhfgL k|of]u ug{ lbPsf] jf wgLsf] ;xdltn] k|of]u ul/Psf 3/
hUuf, ;jf/L ;fwg, xftxltof/ tyf cGo ;a} dfn;fdfg hkmt x'g]5g\ .
t/ ;/sf/L ejg, ;fwg, xftxltof/ tyf dfn;fdfg hkmt x'g] 5}g .
@)*= Ifltk"lt{ e/fO{ lng kfpg] M -!_ a]kQf kfl/Psf] JolQm kl5 ;fj{hlgs ePdf jf
ul/Pdf lghn] a]kQf kfg]{ JolQmaf6 dgfl;a Ifltk"lt{ e/fO{ lng kfpg]5 .
-@_ a]kQf kfl/Psf] JolQmsf] d[To' eO;s]sf] eP pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf]
Ifltk"lt{ lghsf] glhssf] xsjfnfn] e/fO{ lng kfpg]5 .
@)(= wgdfn lkmtf{ ug'{ kg]{ M o; kl/R5]b adf]lhd s;}n] s'g} JolQmnfO{ a]kQf kfbf{ To:tf]
JolQmsf] wgdfn ;d]t lnPsf] /x]5 eg] To;/L a]kQf kfg]{ JolQmaf6 a]kQf kfl/Psf]
jf lghsf] glhssf] xsjfnfnfO{ To:tf] wgdfn eP lkmtf{ ug'{ kg]{5 / gePdf To:tf]
wgdfn afktsf] dgfl;a Ifltk"lt{ ltg'{ kg]{5 .
@!)= xbDofb M o; kl/R5]b cGtu{tsf] s;"/ ePsf] yfxf ePsf] jf a]kQf kfl/Psf] JolQm
;fj{hlgs ePsf] jf ul/Psf] ldltn] 5 dlxgf gf3]kl5 ph'/ nfUg] 5}g .
t/ ph'/ ug{ ;lsg] kl/l:ylt gePsf] sf/0f v'nfO{ cbfntsf] cg'dlt lnO{
k|df0f ;lxt ph'/ u/]df hlxn];'s} ph'/ nfUg]5 .
kl/R5]b – !&
ckx/0f jf z/L/ aGws ;DaGwL s;"/
@!!= ckx/0f ug{ gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] s'g} JolQmnfO{ ckx/0f ug{ jf u/fpg x'Fb}g .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ sf] k|of]hgsf] nflu s;}n] b]xfosf] s'g} sfd u/]df lghn]
ckx/0f u/]sf] dflgg]5 M–
-s_ s'g} JolQmnfO{ an k|of]u u/L jf ;f] k|of]u ug]{ wDsL lbO{, 5nsk6
u/L jf 8/qf;df kf/L, hf]/ h'n'd u/L, xftxltof/ b]vfO{ jf gb]vfO{
jf e'mSofgdf kf/L jf gzfn' kbfy{ jf dfbs kbfy{ ;]jg u/fO{ jf s'g}
JolQm ofqf u/L /x]sf] ;jf/L ;fwg s'g} lsl;dn] sAhf jf lgoGq0fdf
lnO{ jf To; pk/ s'g} lsl;dn] lgoGq0f u/L lghnfO{ s'g} 7fpFdf
nu]df jf hfg afWo u/fPdf jf,
80
-v_ s'g} JolQmnfO{ lghsf] d~h'/L ljgf jf afnaflnsf jf zf/Ll/s

czQmtfsf] sf/0fn] c?sf] cf>odf a;]sf] jf dfgl;s c:j:ytfsf]
sf/0fn] xf]; 7]ufgdf g/x]sf] JolQmnfO{ lghsf] afa' cfdf jf ;+/Ifssf]
d~h'/L ljgf jf em'Sofgdf kf/L hjh{:tL s'g} 7fpFdf nu]df .
@!@= z/L/ aGws lng gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] s;}sf] z/L/ aGws lng x'Fb}g .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ sf] k|of]hgsf] nflu s;}n] s'g} JolQmnfO{ lghsf] d~h'/L ljgf
jf afnaflnsf / xf]; 7]ufg gePsf] JolQm eP lghsf] cfdf afa' jf ;+/Ifssf]
d~h'/L ljgf an k|of]u u/L jf ;f]sf] wDsL lbO{, 8/ qf; b]vfO{, hf]/ h'n'd u/L,
xftxltof/ b]vfO{ jf gb]vfO{ 5nsk6 u/L, e'mSofgdf kf/L, gzfn' jf dfbs kbfy{
;]jg u/fO{, oftfoftsf] ;fwg jf /x] a;]sf] 7fpF sAhf u/L jf lgoGq0fdf lnO{
y'gfdf jf lgoGq0fdf /fv]df z/L/ aGws lnPsf] dflgg]5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -@_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg dfgl;s ?kdf c:j:y
JolQmnfO{ lghsf] afa', cfdf jf ;+/Ifssf] d~h'/L lnO{ c;n lgotaf6 ;DalGwt
JolQmsf] lxtsf] nflu pkrf/ ug]{ qmddf jf cGo s'g} k|of]hgsf nflu s;}sf]
lgu/fgL jf lgoGq0fdf /flvPsf]df z/L/ aGws lnPsf] dflgg] 5}g .
@!#= ckx/0f jf z/L/ aGws lnPdf x'g] ;hfo M s;}n] Hofg lng], s'6lk6 u/L rf]6
k'¥ofpg], hjh{:tL s/0fL jf ck|fs[lts d}y'g ug]{, dflg; laqmL ug]{ jf bf; agfpg]
jf OR5f la?4 hjh{:tL sfddf nufpg], j]Zofj[lQdf nufpg], oftgf lbg], s'g} sfd
ug{ jf u/fpg afWo u/fpg], d'lQm /sd lng] jf k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd s;"/ x'g]
cGo s'g} sfd ug{ nufpg] p2]Zon] bkmf @!! jf @!@ adf]lhdsf] sfd u/] jf
u/fPsf] eP ;ft jif{b]lv bz jif{;Dd s}b / ;Q/L xhf/b]lv Ps nfv ?k}ofF;Dd
hl/afgf / To; afx]s cGo p2]Zon] u/] jf u/fPsf] eP tLg jif{b]lv kfFr jif{;Dd
s}b / tL; xhf/b]lv krf; xhf/ ?k}ofFF ;Dd hl/afgf x'g]5 .
@!$= yk ;hfo x'g] M -!_ bkmf @!! adf]lhd ckx/0f u/L bkmf @!@ adf]lhd z/L/ aGws
lng] JolQmnfO{ bz jif{b]lv kGw| jif{;Dd s}b / Ps nfvb]lv Ps nfv krf; xhf/
?k}ofF+;Dd hl/afgf x'g]5 .
81
-@_ s;}n] ckx/0f u/L jf z/L/ aGws lnO{ o; ;+lxtf jf sfg"g adf]lhd
s;"/ dflgg] cGo s'g} sfd u/]sf] /x]5 eg] lghnfO{ To:tf] s;"/ afktsf] ;hfodf
pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] ;hfo yk x'g]5 .
-#_ bkmf @!! / @!@ sf] s;"/ ;Ël7t ?kdf u/] u/fPsf] /x]5 eg] To:tf]
u/fpg] JolQmnfO{ yk b'O{ jif{ s}b ;hfo x'g]5 .
@!%= b'?T;fxg lbg] jf cfb]z lbg] jf pBf]u ug{] jf if8oGq ug{] JolQm jf dltof/nfO{
;hfo x'g] M -!_ o; kl/R5]bdf n]lvPsf] s;"/ ug{ b'?T;fxg lbg] jf cfb]z lbg]
JolQmnfO{ d'Vo s;"/bf/nfO{ eP ;/x ;hfo x'g]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg ;f] s'/fsf] pBf]u jf
if8\oGq ug{] jf dltof/ x'g] JolQmnfO{ ;f] s;"/df x'g] ;hfosf] cfwf ;hfo x'g]5 .
@!^= cfTd;dk{0f u/]df ;hfo sd x'g] M o; kl/R5]b cGtu{tsf] s;"/ ug]{ JolQmn] s;"/
ubf{ ub}{sf] avt ;'/IffsdL{ ;dIf cfTd;dk{0f u/]df jf cGo s;"/bf/ jf ;f] s;"/
ug]{ lu/f]xsf ;b:onfO{ kqmfp ug{ ;xof]u k'¥ofPdf cj:yf x]/L cbfntn] lghnfO{
;hfo sd ug{ ;Sg]5 .
@!&= Ifltk"lt{ e/fO{ lbg' kg]{] M -!_ o; kl/R5]b cGtu{tsf] s;"/ u/] jf u/fPsf] 7x/]df
s;"/ ug]{ jf u/fpg] JolQmaf6 kLl8t JolQmnfO{ dgfl;a Ifltk"lt{ e/fO{ lbg' kg]{5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] Ifltk"lt{ kLl8t JolQm d/L ;s]sf] eP lghsf]
glhssf] xsbf/nfO{ e/fO{ lbg' kg]{5 .
@!*= xbDofb M -!_ o; kl/R5]b cGtu{tsf s'g} s;"/ u/L s;}sf] Hofg lnPsf]df hlxn]
;'s} klg ph'/ ug{ ;lsg] 5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ df n]lvP afx]s o; kl/R5]b cGtu{tsf] s'g} s;"/ eP u/]sf]
ldltn] b'O{ jif{ / bkmf @!! / @!@ cGtu{tsf] s;"/ ePsf]df ;DalGwt JolQm To:tf]
s;"/af6 d'Qm ePsf] ldltn] 5 dlxgf gf3]kl5 ph'/ nfUg] 5}g .
kl/R5]b – !*
s/0fL ;DaGwL s;"/
@!(= hjh{:tL s/0fL ug{ gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] hjh{:tL s/0fL ug{ x'Fb}g .
82
-@_ s;}n] s'g} dlxnfnfO{ lghsf] d~h'/L glnO{ s/0fL u/]df jf d~h'/L lnP/
eP klg c7f/ jif{eGbf sd pd]/sf] s'g} aflnsfnfO{ s/0fL u/]df lghn] To:tf] dlxnf
jf aflnsfnfO{ hjh{:tL s/0fL u/]sf] dflgg]5 .
:ki6Ls/0f M o; kl/R5]bsf] k|of]hgsf] nflu M
-s_ s/sfk, cg'lrt k|efj, 8/, qf;, e'mSofgdf kf/L jf ckx/0f
u/L jf z/L/ aGws lnO{ lnPsf] d~h'/LnfO{ d~h'/L dflgg] 5}g,
-v_ xf]; 7]ufgdf g/x]sf] cj:yfdf lnPsf] d~h'/LnfO{ d~h'/L
dflgg] 5}g,
-u_ u'båf/ jf d'vdf lnË k;fPdf, u'båf/, d'v jf of]gLdf lnË
s]xL dfq k;]sf] ePdf, lnË afx]s cGo s'g} j:t' of]gLdf k|j]z
u/fPdf klg hjh{:tL s/0fL u/]sf] dflgg]5 .
-#_ hjh{:tL s/0fL ug]{ JolQmnfO{ To;/L s/0fL ubf{sf] kl/l:ylt / dlxnfsf]
pd]/ x]/L b]xfo adf]lhd s}b x'g]5 M–

-s_ bz jif{eGbf sd pd]/sL aflnsf, k"0f{ czQm, ckfËtf ePsf
jf ;Q/L jif{eGbf a9L pd]/sf dlxnf eP hGd s}b
-v_ bz jif{ jf bz jif{eGbf a9L rf}w jif{eGbf sd pd]/sL aflnsf
eP c7f/ jif{b]lv aL; jif{;Dd,
-u_ rf}w jif{ jf rf}w jif{eGbf a9L ;f]x| jif{eGbf sd pd]/sL
aflnsf eP afx| jif{b]lv rf}w jif{;Dd,
-3_ ;f]x| jif{ jf ;f]x| jif{eGbf a9L c7f/ jif{eGbf sd pd]/sL
dlxnf eP bz jif{b]lv afx| jif{;Dd,
-ª_ c7f/ jif{ jf c7f/ jif{eGbf a9L pd]/sL dlxnf eP ;ft
jif{b]lv bz jif{;Dd .
-$_ pkbkmf -#_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg a}aflxs ;DaGw sfod
/x]sf] cj:yfdf kltn] kTgLnfO{ hj/h:tL s/0fL u/]df kfFr jif{ ;Dd s}b x'g]5 .
t/ b]xfosf] cj:yfnfO{ j}jflxs ;DaGw sfod /x]sf] dflgg] 5}g M–
-s_ klt;Fu dfgf] 5'l§O{ c+z d'2f rn]sf],

मल
ु क
83
-v_ klt;Fu cª\z lnO{ 5'§} a;]sf],

-u_ klt;Fu ;DaGw ljR5]b d'2f rn]sf] .
-%_ pkbkmf -$_ adf]lhdsf] cj:yfdf kLl8tsf] lgj]bg dfu adf]lhd
cfjZos ePdf cbfntn] kltsf] gfddf b]xfo adf]lhdsf] cfb]z hf/L ug{ ;Sg]5 M–
-s_ kTgLnfO{ lgh a;L cfPsf] 3/df g} a;f]af; ug{ lbg, kTgLnfO{
vfg nfpg lbg, s'6lk6 gug{ tyf lzi6 / ;Eo Jojxf/ ug{
nufpg,
-v_ kTgLnfO{ cfjZos pkrf/ u/fpg jf pkrf/sf nflu pko'Qm
/sd lbg nufpg,
-u_ b'jn
} fO{ Ps} 7fpFdf a;f]af; ug{ pko'Qm x'g] gb]lvPdf kltnfO{
cnu a:g] Joj:yf ug{ tyf To;/L cnu a:bf kTgLsf]
e/0fkf]if0fsf] nflu cfjZos Joj:yf ug{ nufpg,
-3_ kTgLnfO{ s'g} k|sf/n] b'Mv lbg] jf ;tfpg] sfo{ gug{ / kTgLsf]
lxt / ;'/Iffsf] lgldQ cfjZos / pko'Qm s'/f ug{ u/fpg .
-^_ pkbkmf -#_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg cfk"mnfO{ dfgj/f]u
k|lt/f]ws Ifdtf pGd'lQm ug]{ lhjf0f' -Pr=cfO{=eL=kf]lhl6e_ jf ;?jf of}g/f]u -
;]S;'cnL 6«fG;ld6]8 l8lhh_ ePsf] yfxf kfpFFbf kfpFFb} s;}n] hjh{:tL s/0fL u/]sf]
/x]5 eg] To:tf] s;"/bf/nfO{ pkbkmf -#_ df n]lvPsf] ;hfodf b]xfo adf]lhdsf] yk
;hfo ;d]t x'g]5 M–
-s_ dfgj/f]u k|lt/f]ws Ifdtf pGd'lQm ug]{ lhjf0f' -Pr=cfO{=eL=
kf]lhl6e_ ePsf] yfxf kfpFbf kfpFb} hjh{:tL s/0fL ePsf] eP
bkmf !)% adf]lhdsf] ;hfo,
-v_ cGo ;?jf of}g/f]u -;]S;'cnL 6«fG;ld6]8 l8lhh_ ePsf] yfxf
kfpFbf kfpFb} hjh{:tL s/0fL ePsf] eP tLg jif{;Dd s}b /
tL; xhf/ ?k}ofF;Dd hl/afgf .
-&_ ;fd"lxs ?kdf hjh{:tL s/0fL u/]df jf 5 dlxgfeGbf a9Lsf] ue{jtL,
czQm jf ckfË jf zf/Ll/s jf dfgl;s ?kdf c:j:y dlxnfnfO{ jf xftxltof/
84
b]vfO{ hjh{:tL s/0fL u/]df pkbkmf -#_ df n]lvPsf] ;hfodf yk kfFr jif{;Dd s}b
;hfo x'g]5 .

t/ k"0f{ czQm ckfËtf ePsL dlxnf ePdf pkbkmf -#_ sf] v08 -s_
adf]lhdsf] ;hfo x'g]5 .
-*_ s;}n] xf8gftfsL dlxnfnfO{ hjh{:tL s/0fL u/]sf]]df lghnfO{
xf8gftf s/0fLdf ;hfo x'g] /x]5 eg] o; kl/R5]b adf]lhdsf] ;hfodf xf8gftfsf]
s/0fLdf x'g] ;hfo ;d]t yk x'g]5 .
@@)= xf8gftfdf s/0fL ug{ gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] cfk\mgf] hft jf s'ndf rnL cfPsf] rng,
k/Dk/f jf dfGotf cg';f/ ljjfx ug{ gx'g] gftfsf] JolQm xf] eGg] hfgLhfgL To:tf]
JolQm;Fu s/0fL lng' lbg' x'Fb}g .
-@_ b]xfosf gftfdf pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ug]{nfO{ b]xfo adf]lhd
;hfo x'g]5 M–
-s_ hGdfpg] cfdf 5f]/fsf] jf afa' 5f]/Lsf] s/0fL ePdf hGds}b,
-v_ ;f}t]gL cfdf 5f]/f jf afa' 5f]/L, ;xf]b/ lbbL efO jf bfh'
alxgL, Ps} xfFufsf] ;;'/f a'xf/L, Ps} xfFufsf] afh] gfltgL jf
kgfltgL, Ps} xfFufsf h]7fh' / efO a'xf/L jf b]j/ efph"sf]
s/0fL ePdf rf/ jif{b]lv bz jif{;Dd s}b / rfnL; xhf/
?k}ofFb]lv Ps nfv ?k}ofF;Dd hl/afgf,
-u_ Ps} xfFufsf] tLg k':tf;Ddsf] aHo}, gflt jf kgflt, Ps}
xfFufsf] 7"nf] afa' jf sfsf elthL, Ps} xfFufsf] elthf] 7"nL
cfdf jf sfsL, Ps} xfFufsf] ;;'/f] elthL a'xf/L, ;fVo} dfdf
ef~hL jf eflgh dfOh', cfdf tkm{sf 7"nL cfdf jf ;fgL cfdf
/ 5f]/f / cfkm\gL >LdtL tkm{sL ;f;" / HjfFOsf] s/0fL ePdf
tLg jif{b]lv 5 jif{;Dd s}b / tL; xhf/ ?k}ofFb]lv ;f7L xhf/
?k}ofF;Dd hl/afgf,
-3_ v08 -s_, -v_ jf -u_ df n]lvPb]lv afx]s cfk\mgf] j+zsf ;ft
k':tf;Ddsf cGo gftfdf s/0fL ePdf xfFuf], gftf / k':tf

85
;d]t ljrf/ u/L Ps jif{b]lv tLg jif{;Dd s}b / bz xhf/

?k}ofFb]lv tL; xhf/ ?k}ofF;Dd hl/afgf .
@@!= y'gfdf /x]sf] JolQm;Fu s/0fL ug{ gx'g] M -!_ s}b jf y'gfdf /x]sf] s'g} JolQm;Fu
;/sf/L sd{rf/Ln] s/0fL ug{ jf s/0fL ug{ c? s;}nfO{ ;+of]u kf/L ldnfO{ lbO{ s/0fL
u/fpg x'Fb}g .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd s/0fL ug]{ jf u/fpg] JolQmnfO{ tLg jif{;Dd s}b
;hfo x'g]5 / To:tf] s/0fL o; ;+lxtf jf cGo sfg"g cg';f/ klg s;"/ x'g] /x]5
eg] ;f] adf]lhdsf] ;hfodf o; bkmf adf]lhdsf] ;hfo yk x'g]5 .
@@@= cfk\mgf] ;+/If0f jf ;'/Iffdf /x]sf] JolQm;Fu s/0fL ug{ gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] cfk"mn]
;+/If0f jf ;'/Iff lbPsf] jf cfk\mgf] x]/ljrf/df /x]sf] s'g} JolQm;Fu s/0fL ug{ jf
s/0fL ug{ c?nfO{ ;xof]u ug{ jf xf]; 7]ufgdf g/x]sf] jf zf/Ll/s jf dfgl;s /f]u
nfuL pkrf/ jf k'g:yf{kgf ug]{] s'g} ;+:yfdf /flvPsf] s'g} JolQm;Fu To:tf] ;+:yfsf
kbflwsf/L jf sd{rf/Ln] s/0fL ug{ x'Fb}g .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ug]{ JolQmnfO{ tLg jif{;Dd s}b x'g]5 /
To:tf] s/0fL o; ;+lxtf jf cGo sfg"g cg';f/ klg s;"/ x'g] /x]5 eg] ;f] adf]lhd
x'g] ;hfodf o; bkmfsf] ;hfo yk x'g]5 .
@@#= sfof{no jf k]zfut ;]jf k|fKt ug]{ JolQm;Fu s/0fL ug{ gx'g] M -!_ ;/sf/L jf lghL
sfof{nodf sfo{/t jf s'g} k]zfut ;]jf jf Jofj;flos sfdsf] nflu ;Dks{df cfPsf]
jf /x]sf] s'g} JolQm;Fu To:tf] sfof{nodf sfd ug]{ sd{rf/L jf To:tf] ;]jf pknAw
u/fpg] JolQmn] sfof{nosf] sfd ubf{ jf To:tf] ;]jf pknAw u/fpFbf jf u/fpg]
:yfgdf s/0fL ug{ jf s/0fL ug{ c?nfO{ ;xof]u ug{ x'Fb}g .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ug]{ JolQmnfO{ rf/ jif{;Dd s}b / rfnL;
xhf/ ?k}ofFF;Dd hl/afgf x'g]5 / To:tf] s/0fL o; ;+lxtf jf cGo sfg"g cg';f/ klg
s;"/ x'g] /x]5 eg] ;f] adf]lhd x'g] ;hfodf o; bkmfsf] ;hfo yk x'g]5 .
@@$= of}g b'Jo{jxf/ ug{ gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] s;}nfO{ of}g b'Jo{jxf/ ug{ jf u/fpg' x'Fb}g .
-@_ s;}n] cfk\mgf] klt jf kTgL afx]s cGo JolQmnfO{ lghsf] d~h'/L ljgf
s/0fLsf cfzon] ;dft]df jf lghsf] ;+j]bgzLn cË 5f]Pdf jf 5'g k|of; u/]df,
lghsf] leqL kf]zfs vf]n]df jf vf]Ng] k|of; u/]df, lghn] nufpg] leqL kf]zfs
86
nufpg jf k'msfNg s'g} lsl;dn] afwf cj/f]w u/]df jf lghnfO{ c:jfefljs ?kdf
s'g} PsfGt 7fpFdf nu]df, of}g ;DaGwL cfk\mgf] cË lghnfO{ 5'g, ;dfpg nufPdf,
lgh;Fu clZnn jf cGo To:t} k|sf/sf] zAb df}lvs, lnlvt jf ;fÍ]lts ?kdf jf
ljB'tLo dfWodaf6 k|of]u u/]df, clZnn lrq jf t:jL/ b]vfPdf, of}gsf cfzon]
lh:SofPdf jf x}/fgL lbPdf jf lgh;Fu c:jfefljs, cjfl~5t jf cdof{lbt Jojxf/
u/]df lghn] of}g b'Jo{jxf/ u/]sf] dflgg]5 .
@@%= afnof}g b'?kof]u ug{ gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] afnof}g b'?kof]u ug{ jf u/fpg x'Fb}g .
-@_ s;}n] s/0fLsf cfzon] afnaflnsfnfO{ c:jfefljs ?kdf PsfGtdf
nu]df, of}g ;DaGwL lghsf] cË 5f]Pdf jf ;dft]df, of}g ;DaGwL cfk\mgf] cË
lghnfO{ 5'g jf ;dfpg nufPdf jf lgh;Fu cGo s'g} lsl;dsf] of}ghGo
c:jfefljs Jojxf/ u/]df afnof}g b'?kof]u u/]sf] dflgg]5 .
@@^= ck|fs[lts d}y'g ug{ gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] s;}sf] d~h'/L ljgf ck|fs[lts d}y'g ug'{ jf
u/fpg' x'Fb}g .
:ki6Ls/0f M o; pkbkmfsf] k|of]hgsf] nflu afnaflnsfn] lbPsf] d~h'/LnfO{ d~h'/L
dflgg] 5}g .
-#_ afnaflnsf la?4 pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ug]{ JolQmnfO{ bkmf @!(
adf]lhd ;hfo x'g]5 .
@@&= kz' s/0fL ug{ gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] klg kz' s/0fL ug{' jf u/fpg' x'Fb}g .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ug]{ JolQmnfO{ ufO{sf] s/0fL u/] jf u/fPsf]
eP b'O{ jif{;Dd s}b / aL; xhf/ ?k}ofFF;Dd hl/afgf / cGo kz' s/0fL u/] jf
u/fPsf] eP Ps jif{;Dd s}b / bz xhf/ ?k}+ofF;Dd hl/afgf x'g]5 .
87

@@*= Ifltk"lt{ e/fO{ lbg' kg]{ M bkmf @@) / @@& cGtu{tsf] s;"/ afx]s o; kl/R5]b
adf]lhdsf] cGo s;"/af6 kLl8t JolQmnfO{ s;"/bf/af6 dgfl;a Ifltk"lt{ e/fO{ lbg'
kg]{5 .

t/ s;"/bf/sf] s'g} ;DklQ geO{ ha/h:tL s/0fLsf] s;"/af6 kLl8tn]
Ifltk"lt{ gkfpg] b]lvPdf / k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhdsf] kLl8t /fxt sf]if :yfkgf
eOg;s]sf] cj:yfdf cbfntn] g]kfn ;/sf/sf] dlxnf tyf afnaflnsf ljifo x]g]{
lgsfosf] gfddf Ifltk"lt{ :j?k plrt /sd kLl8tnfO{ e/fOlbg] u/L cfb]z ug{
;Sg]5 / To;/L cfb]z ePdf ;f] sfof{noaf6 Ifltk"lt{ afktsf] /sd tTsfn
kLl8tnfO{ pknAw u/fpg' kg]{5.
@@(= xbDofb M -!_ bkmf @@) cGtu{tsf] s;"/df hlxn] ;'s} klg ph'/ ug{ ;lsg]5 .
-@_ bkmf @!(, @@!, @@@, @@#, @@$, @@% / @@^ sf] pkbkmf -#_ cGtu{tsf]
s;"/df To:tf] s;"/ ePsf] ldltn] Ps jif{leq / o; kl/R5]b cGtu{tsf] cGo s;"/df
To:tf] s;"/ ePsf] s'/f yfxf kfPsf] ldltn] tLg dlxgf gf3]kl5 ph'/ nfUg] 5}g .
t/ y'gfdf /x]sf] jf lgoGq0fdf lnPsf] jf ckx/0f u/]sf] jf z/L/ aGws
lnPsf] JolQm lj?4 s;"/ ePsf]df y'gf, lgoGq0f ckx/0f jf z/L/ aGwsaf6 d'lQm
kfPsf] ldltn] tLg dlxgf gf3]kl5 ph'/ nfUg] 5}g .
kl/R5]b – !(
Onfh ;DaGwL s;"/
@#)= Ohfht k|fKt gu/]sf] JolQmn] Onfh ug{ gx'g] M -!_ lrlsT;f ;DaGwL ljifodf
lgwf{l/t z}lIfs of]Uotf k|fKt u/]kl5 sfg"g adf]lhd clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Laf6
Onfh ug{sf] nflu Ohfht k|fKt u/]sf] JolQmn] afx]s s;}n] s;}nfO{ lrlsT;f ;]jf
lbg, s;}sf] dfgj z/L/sf] s'g} cËsf] lr/kmf/ ug{, s'g} k|sf/sf] cf}iflw v'jfpg jf
vfg l;kmfl/; ug{ jf cGo s'g} k|sf/n] Onfh ug{ x'Fb}g .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg nfdf] cg'ejaf6 Onfh
;DaGwdf hfgsf/L /fVg] JolQmn] plrt xf]l;of/L ckgfO{ ;fgf] ltgf] /f]u nfu]sf]


88
lj/fdLsf] dfgj cËnfO{ s'g} vf; k|lts"n c;/ gkg]{ dfd'nL k|s[ltsf] cf}iflw v'jfpg
jf ;fgf]ltgf] 3fp, vl6/f lr/kmf/ u/L pkrf/ ug{df afwf k'Ug] 5}g .
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ug]{ jf u/fpg] JolQmnfO{ tLg jif{;Dd s}b /
-$_ pkbkmf -!_ ljk/Lt x'g] u/L lrlsT;f ;]jf lbFbf, lr/kmf/ ubf{ jf cf}iflw
v'jfpFbf s;}sf] Hofg dg{ uPdf s;"/bf/nfO{ hGd s}b x'g]5 / cËeË ePdf kGw|
jif{;Dd s}b x'g]5 .
@#!= ab\lgot lrtfO{ Onfh ug{ gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] s;}sf] Hofg dfg]{ jf cËeË ug]{ lgotn]
pkrf/ ug{, Ps lsl;dsf] Onfh ug'{ kg]{df csf]{ lsl;dsf] Onfh ug{ jf s'g} cf}iflw
v'jfpFbf jf vfg l;kmfl/; ubf{ s;}sf] Hofg dg{ jf cËeË x'g ;S5 eGg] hfgLhfgL
jf ;f] yfxf kfpg' kg]{ dgfl;a sf/0f eO{ To:tf] cf}iflw v'jfpg jf vfg l;kmfl/;
ug{ jf lr/kmf/ ug{ jf dfgj z/L/sf] s'g} Ps cËsf] lr/kmf/ ug'{ kg]{df csf]{ cË
lr/kmf/ ug{ jf To:tf] cË a]sDdf agfpg jf z/L/af6 To;nfO{ cnu ug]{ sfd ug{
jf u/fpg x'Fb}g .
;hfo x'g]5 M–

-s_ s;}sf] Hofg uPsf]df hGds}b,

-v_ s;}sf] cËeË ePsf]df bkmf !(@ adf]lhdsf] ;hfo .
@#@= nfk/afxL jf x]nrSo|fOF u/L Onfh ug{ gx'g] M -!_ sfg"g adf]lhd Onfh ug{ kfpg]

JolQmn] s;}sf] Onfh ubf{ uDeL/ nfk/afxL jf x]nrSo|fOF u/L Onfh ug{, cf}iflw
vfg lbg jf vfg l;kmfl/; ug{ jf lr/kmf/ ug{ x'Fb}g .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] sfdaf6 s;}sf] Hofg dg{ uPdf jf cËeË ePdf
nfk/jfxLk"0f{ sfd u/]sf] sf/0faf6 Hofg d/]df jf cËeË ePdf kfFr jif{;Dd s}b /
krf; xhf/ ?k}ofFF;Dd hl/afgf / x]nrq\mofO{ u/]sf] sf/0faf6 d/]sf]df jf cËeË
ePsf]df tLg jif{;Dd s}b / tL; xhf/ ?k}ofFF;Dd hl/afgf x'g]5 .
@##= d~h'/L ljgf dfgj z/L/df k/LIf0f ug{ gx'g] M -!_ sfg"g ad]flhd Onfh ug{ kfpg]
JolQmn] dfgj z/L/df s'g} Onfh ;DaGwL ljlw, lr/kmf/ jf cf}iflw k/LIf0f ug'{ kbf{

मल
ु क
89
;DalGwt JolQm / afnaflnsf jf xf]; 7]ufgdf gePsf] JolQm eP lghsf] afa' cfdf
jf ;+/Ifssf] d~h'/L glnO{ / To:tf] JolQm jf afa' cfdf jf ;+/IfsnfO{ To; s'/fsf]
hfgsf/L glbO{ To:tf] sfd ug'{ jf u/fpg' x'Fb}g .

t/ ljkb\ jf ;8s b'3{6gf ePsf] jf ;DalGwt JolQmsf] afa', cfdf jf
;+/Ifssf] tTsfn d~h'/L lng g;lsg] jf ;f] s'/fsf] hfgsf/L lbg g;lsg] cj:yfdf
To:tf] JolQmsf] Hofg hf]ufpgsf] nflu tTsfn pkrf/ jf cË lr/kmf/ ug{ s'g} afwf
kg]{ 5}g .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd k/LIf0f ubf{ To:tf] ljlw, lr/kmf/ jf cf}iflwsf] dfgj
z/L/df x'g ;Sg] c;/ ;d]tnfO{ ljrf/ u/L xf]l;of/L k"j{s ug'{ kg]{5 .
-#_ s;}n] cg'lrt cfly{s nfe lng] jf dlxnfsf] uf]klgotf eË ug]{ jf cGo
s'g} lgotn] s;}sf] zf/Ll/s k/LIf0f ug'{ jf cË kl/jt{g ug'{ jf u/fpg' xF'b}g .
-$_ pkbkmf -!_, -@_ jf -#_ ljk/Lt k/LIf0f ug]{, u/fpg] JolQmnfO{ tLg
jif{;Dd s}b / tL; xhf/ ?k}ofFF;Dd hl/afgf x'g]5 .
-%_ pkbkmf -!_, -@_ jf -#_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ u/]sf] sf/0faf6 s;}sf] Hofg
d/]sf]df Hofg df/] ;/x / cËeË ePsf]df cËeË u/] ;/x ;hfo x'g]5 .
@#$= hf]lvdk"0f{ cf}iflw laqmL ljt/0f ug{ gx'g] M -!_ sfg"g adf]lhd cf}iflw laqmL ljt/0f
ug{ kfpg] JolQmn] Onfh ug{ kfpg] Ohfht k|fKt JolQmsf] l;kmfl/; ljgf s;}nfO{
dfgj z/L/df uDeL/ c;/ x'g] s'g} nfu" cf}ifw, ljiffbL jf hf]lvdk"0f{ cf}iflw laqmL
ljt/0f ug{ x'Fb}g .
aL; xhf/ ?k}ofF;Dd hl/afgf jf b'j} ;hfo x'g]5 .
@#%= cf}iflwdf ld;fj6 ug{ jf ld;fj6 u/]sf] cf}iflw laqmL ug{ gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] hfgLhfgL
cf}iflwsf] c;/ z'Go jf 36L jf ablng] jf xflgsf/s x'g] u/L s'g} cf}iflwdf ld;fj6
ug{ jf To;/L ld;fj6 ePsf] cf}iflw jf cGo s'g} a:t'nfO{ cf}iflw egL laqmL ug{ jf
pkrf/sf] lgldQ s;}nfO{ lbg jf s'g} JolQmnfO{ To:tf] cf}iflw ;]jg ug{ jf u/fpg
nufpg x'Fb}g .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ug]{ JolQmnfO{ b]xfo adf]lhd ;hfo x'g]5 M–

90
-s_ To:tf] cf}iflw ;]jg u/]sf] sf/0fn] Hofg dl/;s]sf]df Hofg

df/]sf] ;/x,
-v_ To:tf] cf}iflw ;]jg u/]sf] sf/0fn] Hofg dg{ ;Sg] u/L vt/f
k'u]sf] jf k'Ug] ;Defjgf ePsf]df Hofg dfg]{ pBf]u u/] ;/x,
-u_ To:tf] cf}iflw ;]jg u/]sf] sf/0fn] z/L/sf] s'g} cËeË x'g] jf
;f]sf] zlQm IfL0f jf x/0f x'g ;Sg] ePdf bz jif{;Dd s}b /
Ps nfv ?k}ofFF;Dd hl/afgf,
-3_ v08 -s_, -v_ jf -u_ sf] cj:yfdf afx]s cGo cj:yfdf kfFr
jif{;Dd s}b / krf; xhf/ ?k}ofFF;Dd hl/afgf .
@#^= Dofb gf3]sf] jf k"j{ ;fjwfgL glnO{ cf}iflw laqmL, ljt/0f ug{ gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] s'g}
lglZrt ;dofjlwleq k|of]u ul/;Sg' kg]{ cf}iflw ;f] Dofb gf3]kl5 laqmL ug{ jf s'g}
cf}iflw laqmL ljt/0f ubf{ s'g} vf; k"j{ ;fjwfgL lng' kg]{df To:tf] glnO{ laqmL
ljt/0f ug{ x'Fb}g .
bz xhf/ ?k}ofFF;Dd hl/afgf x'g]5 .
@#&= Ps cf}iflwnfO{ csf]{ cf}iflw egL laqmL ljt/0f ug{ gx'g] M -!_ sfg"g adf]lhd cf}iflw
laqmL ug{ kfpg] JolQmn] cf}iflw laqmL ljt/0f ubf{ Ps lsl;dsf] cf}iflwnfO{ tflTjs
?kdf leGg csf]{ lsl;dsf] cf}iflw xf] eGg] hfgLhfgL jf yfxf kfpFg' kg]{ dgfl;a
sf/0f eO{ laqmL ljt/0f ug{ x'Fb}g .
@#*= e'm¶f k|ltj]bg lbg gx'g] M -!_ sfg"g adf]lhd dfgj /ut, d"q jf vsf/ cflb
k|of]uzfnf k/LIf0f -Kofyf]nf]lhsn 6]i6_ ug{ Ohfhtkq k|fKt JolQmn] To;/L k/LIf0f
ubf{ e'm¶f jf unt k|ltj]bg lbg jf k/LIf0faf6 k|fKt tYoeGbf km/s tYo pNn]v u/L
k|ltj]bg lbg x'Fb}g .
tL; xhf/ ?k}ofF;Dd hl/afgf x'g]5 .
91
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] k|ltj]bgsf] cfwf/df s;}nfO{ cf}iflw l;kmfl/; u/L
;]jg ubf{, lr/kmf/ ubf{ jf pkrf/ ubf{ s;}sf] Hofg d/]df jf cËeË ePdf To:tf]
k|ltj]bg lbg] JolQm s;"/bf/ dflgg]5 .
-$_ pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhd s;"/ ug]{ jf u/fpg] JolQmnfO{ Hofg dl/;s]sf] eP
Hofg df/] ;/x / cËeË ePsf] eP cËeË u/] ;/x ;hfo x'g]5 .
@#(= Ifltk"lt{ e/fO{ lbg' kg{] M o; kl/R5]b adf]lhdsf] s;"/ u/]sf] sf/0faf6 s;}sf] Hofg
d/]df jf cËeË ePdf jf cGo xflg, gf]S;fgL jf Iflt k'u]sf]df s;"/bf/af6
;DalGwt kLl8tnfO{ / kLl8tsf] d[To' ePsf]df lghsf] xsjfnfnfO{ dgfl;a Ifltk"lt{
e/fO{ lbg' kg]{5 .
@$)= xbDofb M -!_ bkmf @#) sf] pkbkmf -$_, @#!, @#@, @## sf] pkbkmf
-$_, @#% / @#* sf] pkbkmf -$_ adf]lhdsf] sfdaf6 Hofg d/]sf]df bkmf !*& sf]
pkbkmf -!_ df plNnlvt xbDofb nfUg]5 .
-@_ bkmf @#) sf] pkbkmf -!_ cGtu{tsf] s;"/df To:tf] s;"/ ePsf] s'/f yfxf
kfPsf] ldltn] Ps jif{ / o; kl/R5]b cGtu{tsf] cGo s;"/sf] xsdf To:tf] s;"/ eP
u/]sf] ldltn] 5 dlxgf gf3]kl5 ph'/ nfUg] 5}g .
kl/R5]b –@)
rf]/L tyf 8fFsf ;DaGwL s;"/
@$!= rf]/L ug{ gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] rf]/L ug{ jf u/fpg x'Fb}g .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ sf] k|of]hgsf] nflu s;}n] cGo JolQmsf] :jfldTj, sAhf,
lgoGq0f jf lhDdfdf /x]sf] rn ;DklQ cfk\mgf] agfpg], pkef]u ug]{ jf lng vfgsf
nflu To:tf] JolQmsf] d~h'/L ljgf a]OdfgLsf lgotn] lnPdf jf :yfg kl/jt{g u/]df
lghn] rf]/L u/]sf] dflgg]5 .
:ki6Ls/0f M o; bkmfsf] k|of]hgsf nflu –
-s_ æd~h'/LÆ eGgfn] lnlvt jf df}lvs ?kdf lbOPsf] jf cfr/0fåf/f JoQm
ePsf] d~h'/L ;Demg' k5{ .

92
-v_ c7f/ jif{ gk'u]sf afnaflnsfsf]] jf xf]; 7]ufgdf gePsf] JolQmsf]

d~h'/LnfO{ d~h'/L dflgg] 5}g .
@$@= rf]/L u/]df x'g] ;hfo M -!_ b]xfo adf]lhdsf] cj:yfdf rf]/L ug]{ jf u/fpg] JolQmnfO{
b'O{ jif{b]lv ;ft jif{;Dd s}b / aL; xhf/ ?k}ofFb]lv ;Q/L xhf/ ?k}ofFF;Dd hl/afgf
x'g]5 M–
-s_ s'g} ;/sf/L jf ;fj{hlgs ;DklQ jf s'g} wfld{s :yfg jf
b]jfnosf] ;DklQ rf]/L u/]df,
-v_ s'g} JolQmnfO{ dfbs kbfy{ v'jfO{ jf nfu" kbfy{ ;]jg u/fO{ jf
c? lsl;dn] j]xf]; u/fO{ s'g} ;DklQ rf]/L u/]df,
-u_ e"sDk, cfunfuL, af9L, x"nbËf jf o:t} k|s[ltsf] c? s'g}
;Í6fkGg l:ylt jf s'g} b'3{6gfsf] df}sf 5f]kL s'g} ;DklQ
rf]/L u/]df,
-3_ cfk"m h'g sfof{no jf JolQmsf] ;]jfdf /x]sf] 5 To:tf] sfof{no
jf JolQmsf] ;DklQ rf]/L u/]df,
-ª_ dflg; jf j:t' kl/jxgsf] nflu pkof]u ePsf] s'g} ;jf/Ldf
rf]/L u/]df .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ df n]lvPb]lv afx]s cGo cj:yfdf rf]/L ug]{ jf u/fpg]
JolQmnfO{ tLg jif{;Dd s}b / tL; xhf/ ?k}ofFf;Dd hl/afgf x'g]5 .
@$#= gsjhgL rf]/L ug{ gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] gsjhgL rf]/L ug{ jf u/fpg x'Fb}g .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ sf] k|of]hgsf] nflu s'g} 3/df ;f] 3/sf] d"n 9f]sf kmf]/L jf
d"n 9f]sf afx]s cGo s'g} af6f], :yfg jf tl/sf jf ;fwgaf6 k|j]z u/L rf]/L u/]df
jf rf]/L ul/;s]kl5 d"n 9f]sf kmf]/L jf d"n 9f]sf afx]s cGo s'g} af6f], :yfg jf
tl/sf jf ;fwgaf6 aflx/ lg:s]df jf lg:sg] pBf]u u/]df lghn] gsjhgL rf]/L
u/]sf] dflgg]5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ug]{] JolQmnfO{ tLg jif{b]lv kfFr jif{;Dd s}b
/ tL; xhf/ ?k}ofFFb]lv krf; xhf/ ?k}ofFF;Dd hl/afgf x'g]5 .
@$$= 8fFsf ug{ gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] 8fFsf ug{ jf u/fpg x'Fb}g .
-@_ s;}n] b]xfo adf]lhdsf] rf]/L u/]df lghn] 8fFsf u/]sf] dflgg]5 M–
93
-s_ rf]/L ugf{sf nflu jf rf]/L ubf{ jf rf]/L u/]sf] ;DklQ n}hfg
jf rf]/L u/]kl5 kqmfpaf6 aRgsf nflu s'g} JolQmsf] Hofg

lnPdf jf lghnfO{ uDeL/ rf]6 k'¥ofPdf jf afFw5fFb jf
y'g5]s u/]df jf ;f] s'/fsf] pBf]u u/]df jf tTsfn} s'g}

JolQmsf] Hofg lng] jf lghnfO{ uDeL/ rf]6 k'¥ofpg] 8/qf;
b]vfPdf jf hf]lvdL xftxltof/ ;fydf lnO{ rf]/L u/]df,
-v_ tTsfn} s;}sf] Hofg lng] jf s;}nfO{ rf]6 k'¥ofpg] jf
lgoGq0fdf lng] 8/qf; b]vfO{ jf cfk/flws nfe lnO{ s'g}
/sd jf cfly{s nfe k|fKt u/]df,
-u_ af6f] 3f6f], PsfGt :yn jf hËndf 9'sL 8/, qf; b]vfO{
hf]lvdL xftxltof/ k|of]u u/L jf ;f] k|of]u ug{] wDsL lbO{ jf
rf]/L u/]df .
-3_ tLg hgf jf tLg hgfeGbf a9Lsf] hdft eO{ rf]/L u/]df .
-s_ pkbkmf -@_ sf] v08 -s_ jf -v_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ eP ;ft
jif{b]lv rf}w jif{;Dd s}b / ;Q/L xhf/ ?k}ofFFb]lv Ps nfv
rfnL; xhf/ ?k}ofFF;Dd hl/afgf,
-v_ pkbkmf -@_ sf] v08 -u_ jf -3_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ eP kfFr
jif{b]lv bz jif{;Dd s}b / krf; xhf/b]lv Ps nfv
?k}ofFF;Dd hl/afgf .
@$%= rf]/Ldf k|of]u x'g] cf}hf/ lnO{ lx8\g gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] rf]/L ug]{ jf 8fFsf ug]{ lgotn]
rf]/L jf 8fFsfdf k|of]u x'g ;Sg] cf}hf/, dfn;fdfg, xftxltof/, gSsnL ;fFrf]], k~hf,
e¥ofË cflb ;fwg lnO{ s;}sf] 3/ kl/;/df lx8\g jf k|j]z ug{ jf k|j]z ug]{ pBf]u
ug{ x'Fb}g .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd lxF8g], k|j]z ug]{ jf k|j]z ug{] pBf]u ug]{ JolQmn]
cGoyf k|dfl0ft ePsf]df afx]s rf]/L ug]{ lgotn] lx8]sf], k|j]z u/]sf] jf k|j]z ug{
pBf]u u/]sf] dflgg]5 .

मल
ु क
94
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ug]{ jf u/fpg] JolQmnfO{ Ps jif{;Dd s}b
@$^= aunL dfg{ gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] aunL dfg{ jf dfg{ nufpg x'Fb}g .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ sf] k|of]hgsf] nflu s;}n] k}bn lxFl8/x]sf], ;jf/L ;fwgdf
ofqf ul//x]sf] jf s'g} ;fj{hlgs :yfgdf /x]sf] JolQmn] yfxf kfpg] jf gkfpg] u/L
lghsf] aunL jf lghsf] ;fydf /x]sf] y}nL, emf]nf jf cGo s'g} lsl;dsf] ;fwgdf
/x]sf] gub jf wgdfn lnPdf lghn] aunL df/]sf] dflgg]5 .
t/ bz xhf/ ?k}ofFF gub jf bz xhf/ ?k}ofFFeGbf a9L d"No ePsf] wgdfn
aunL df/]sf] eP bkmf @$! adf]lhdsf] s;"/ u/]sf] dflgg]5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ug]{ JolQmnfO{ b]xfo adf]lhdsf] ;hfo
x'g]5 M
-s_ klxnf] k6s aunL df/]sf] eP Ps dlxgf;Dd s}b jf ljuf]
adf]lhd hl/afgf jf b'j} ;hfo,
-v_ bf];|f] k6sb]lv k6Ss} lkR5] b'O{ dlxgf;Dd s}b jf lauf]
adf]lhd hl/afgf s}b jf b'j} ;hfo .

@$^s= yk ;hfo u/L Ifltk"lt{ e/fO{g] M -!_ sfg"g adf]lhd cfjZos j:t' dflgg] s'g}
;/sf/L, ;fj{hlgs jf lghL j:t' jf ;DklQ rf]/L ug]{ jf rf]/L u/L k|fKt u/]sf] j:t'
jf ;DklQ hfgL-hfgL lsGg] jf a]Rg] sfo{ ug]{ JolQmnfO{ o; kl/R5]b adf]lhdsf]
s;"/df x'g] ;hfodf yk Ps jif{ s}b jf bz xhf/ ?k}ofF;Dd hl/afgf jf b'j} ;hfo
x'g]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] j:t' jf ;DklQsf] xflg, gf]S;fgL eO;s]sf] /x]5
eg] To;sf] lauf] adf]lhdsf] Ifltk"lt{ ;d]t s;"/bf/af6 e/fpg' kg]{5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ug]{ JolQm olsg ePsf]df ;f]xL JolQm /
To:tf] JolQm olsg gePsf]df To:tf] sfd ug{ pS;fpg] jf cfb]z lbg] JolQmn] s;"/
u/]sf] dflgg]5 .


95

@$&= lauf] e/fpg' kg]{ M -!_ o; kl/R5]b adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ug]{ s;"/bf/af6 To:tf]
s;"/sf] lauf] ePdf lauf] hkmt u/L ;DklQ wgLnfO{ e/fO{ lbg' kg]{5 . s;"/bf/n]
lauf]sf] ;DklQ dfl;;s]sf] eP To:tf] lauf]sf] d"No a/fa/sf] ;DklQ wgLnfO{ e/fO{
lbg' kg]{5 .

-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd lauf] e/fpFbf a/fdb eO{ cfPsf] dfndWo] lrGxn]
jf k|df0faf6 o;sf] eGg] 7x/]sf] hlt h;sf] xf] p;}nfO{ e/fO{ lbO{ c? wgL kQf
gnfu]sf] dfn w/f}6 /fvL tLg dlxgfsf] cjlw lbO{ ;"rgf hf/L ug{' kg]{5 / ;f]
cjlwdf s;}n] lng cfof] / rf]/Lsf] b/vf:tdf n]lvPsf] dfn;Fu ldNg cfof] eg]
;DalGwt dfnwgLnfO{ lkmtf{ lbg' kg]{5 . To;/L dfnj:t' lng cfPg jf b/vf:tsf]
dfndf ldn]g eg] klxn] kqmL Nofpg] wgLnfO{ ;fa"t e/fO{ a9\tf eP c? sfod
u/fO;s]sf] wgLnfO{ bfdf;fxLsf] lx;fan] e/fO{ lbO{ a9L eP lnnfd u/L ;/sf/L
sf]ifdf bflvnf ug{' kg]{5 .
@$*= xbDofb M bkmf @$% / @$^ cGtu{tsf] s;"/df To:tf] s;"/ eP u/]sf] ldltn] tLg
dlxgfleq / o; kl/R5]b cGtu{tsf] cGo s;"/df To:tf] s;"/ ePsf] s'/f yfxf
kfPsf] ldltn] 5 dlxgf gf3]kl5 ph'/ nfUg] 5}g .
kl/R5]b –@!
7uL, cfk/flws ljZjf;3ft tyf cfk/flws nfe -PS;6;{g_ ;DaGwL s;"/
@$(= 7uL ug{ gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] 7uL ug{ jf u/fpg x'Fb}g .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ sf] k|of]hgsf] nflu s;}n] s;}nfO{ s'g} s'/fsf] ljZjf;
lbnfPsf]df ;f] adf]lhd gu/L jf kmsfO{, e'mSofO{ jf cGo s'g} lsl;dn] wf]sf lbO{ s'g}
sfd u/L jf ug{af6 /f]sL To:tf] JolQm jf cGo s;}nfO{ a]OdfgLk"j{s s'g} lsl;dsf]
xflg, gf]S;fgL jf Iflt k'¥ofPdf jf cfk\mgf] jf c? s;}sf] nflu s'g} nfe k|fKt u/]df
lghn] 7uL u/]sf] dflgg]5 .
:ki6Ls/0f M 7uLaf6 kLl8t JolQmn] 7uL ug]{ JolQmaf6 s'g} lnvt u/fPsf] /x]5 eg]
To; ljifodf lnvt adf]lhd x'g]5 .


96
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ ad]flhdsf] s;"/ ug]{ JolQmnfO{ b]xfo adf]lhdsf] ;hfo
x'g]5 M–
-s_ e|i6frf/ x'g]df afx]s g]kfn ;/sf/ jf g]kfn ;/sf/sf]] k"0f{ jf
clwsf+z :jfldTj jf lgoGq0fdf ePsf] s'g} ;+:yfnfO{ 7uL
u/]df bz jif{;Dd s}b / Ps nfv ?k}ofFF;Dd hl/afgf,
-v_ cfkmgf] gfd, bhf{, kbjL, of]Uotf 9fF6L 7uL u/]df kfFr jif{;Dd
s}b / krf; xhf/ ?k}ofFF;Dd hl/afgf,
-u_ v08 -s_ jf -v_ df n]lvPb]lv afx]s cGo s'g} lsl;dn] 7uL
u/]df ;ft jif{;Dd s}b / ;Q/L xhf/ ?k}ofFF;Dd hl/afgf .
-$_ afnaflnsf, xf]; 7]ufgdf g/x]sf] JolQm, c;xfo, lg/If/ jf krxQ/ jif{
dflysf] JolQmnfO{ 7uL u/]sf]df pkbkmf -#_ df n]lvPsf] ;hfodf yk Ps jif{;Dd
s}b ;hfo x'g]5 .
@%)= 7]Ssf jf s/f/sf] sfddf km/s kfg{ gx'g] M -!_ lgdf{0f ;DaGwL sfd jf cGo s'g}
sfd ug]{ lhDd]jf/L lnPsf] JolQmn] jf lghsf] tk{maf6 sfd ug]{ s'g} JolQmn]
a]OdfgLsf lgotn] lgwf{l/t dfkb08 jf u'0f:t/sf] dfn k|of]u gu/L jf k|of]u x'g]
dfnsf] kl/df0f 36La9L kf/L jf cGo s'g} lsl;daf6 lgwf{l/t u'0f:t/eGbf km/s kf/L
lgdf{0f sfo{ jf cGo sfd ug{ jf u/fpg x'Fb}g .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ug]{ JolQmnfO{ bz jif{;Dd s}b / Ps nfv
-#_ s'g} dfn, j:t' jf ;]jf cfk"lt{ ug]{ lhDd]jf/L ePsf] JolQm jf lghsf]
tkm{af6 sfd ug]{ s'g} JolQmn] a]OdfgLsf lgotn] sd;n jf 36L kl/df0fsf dfn,
j:t' jf ;]jf cfk"lt{ ug{ jf cGo s'g} lsl;daf6 tf]lsPsf] eGbf km/s u'0fsf] dfn,
j:t' jf ;]jf pknAw u/fpg' x'Fb}g .
-$_ pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ug]{ jf u/fpg] JolQmnfO{{ kfFr jif{;Dd s}b
@%!= ;DklQsf] cfk/flws pkof]u ug{ gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] ;DklQsf] cfk/flws pkof]u ug{
jf u/fpg x'Fb}g .
97
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ sf] k|of]hgsf nflu s;}n] b]xfosf] sfd u/]df lghn]
;DklQsf] cfk/flws pkof]u u/]sf] dflgg]5 M–
-s_ csf{sf] ;DklQ a]OdfgLsf] lgotn] sAhf u/L pkof]u u/]df, xflg,
gf]S;fgL jf lxgfldgf u/]df jf ;DalGwt JolQmsf] d~h'/L ljgf ef8fdf
nufPdf jf a]rlavg u/]df,
t/ s'g} hUufsf] jf:tljs ;Flwof/n] e'nj; ;fdfGo ?kdf ;fFw
;Ldfgf ldRg] u/L s;}sf] ;DklQ pkof]u u/]sf]df o; v08
adf]lhdsf] s;"/ dflgg] 5}g .
-v_ j]jfl/;L ;DklQ kfpg] JolQmn] To:tf] ;DklQsf] wgL yfxf eP/ jf
To:tf]] ;DklQsf] wgL yfxf x'Fbf x'Fb} jf yfxf kfPkl5 klg dgfl;a
;doleq To:tf] wgLnfO{ To:tf] ;DklQ lkmtf{ gu/L jf ;DklQ lkmtf{
lng ;"rgf glbO{ jf To:tf] ;DklQsf] wgLnfO{ plrt Dofb;Dd gkvL{
a]OdfgLk"j{s To:tf] ;DklQ cfk\mgf] lgldQ pkof]u u/]df jf s'g}
k|sf/n] ?kfGt/0f u/]df .
t/ plrt k|of; ubf{ klg ;DklQsf] wgL kQf gnfu]df jf
;"rgf lbPsf] plrt Dofbleq ;DklQ wgL ;DklQ lkmtf{ lng gcfPdf
;DklQ kfpg] JolQmn] ;f] ;DklQ cfk\mgf] lgldQ c;n lgotn] pkof]u
u/]df o; bkmf adf]lhdsf] s;"/ u/]sf] dflgg] 5}g .
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ug]{ jf u/fpg] JolQmnfO{{ b]xfo adf]lhd
;hfo x'g]5 M–
-s_ s'g} JolQmsf] d[To' x'Fbfsf] avt lghsf] sJhfdf /x]sf] ;DklQ
lghsf] sfg"g adf]lhdsf] xsjfnfsf] sJhfdf gkb}{ To:tf]
;DklQsf] cfk/flws pkof]u u/]df jf afnaflnsf, dfgl;s jf
zf/Ll/s c:j:ytfn] xf]; 7]ufgdf g/x]sf] JolQm jf krxQ/
jif{ dflysf JolQmsf] ;DklQsf] cfk/flws pkof]u u/]df tLg
jif{;Dd s}b jf tL; xhf/ ?k}ofF;Dd hl/afgf jf b'j} ;hfo,
98
-v_ v08 -s_ df n]lvPb]lv afx]s cGo cj:yfdf ;DklQsf]

cfk/flws pkof]u u/]sf] eP Ps jif{;Dd s}b jf bz xhf/
?k}ofFF;Dd hl/afgf jf b'j} ;hfo .
-$_ o; bkmf adf]lhd cfk/flws pkof]u u/]sf] ;DklQ lkmtf{ ug{ ;lsg]
cj:yfdf /x]5 eg] To;/L pkof]u ug]{ JolQmn] To:tf] ;DklQsf] wgL jf lghsf] d[To'
eO;s]sf] eP lghsf] glhssf] xsjfnfnfO{ lkmtf{ ug'{ kg]{5 .
@%@= cfk/flws ljZjf;3ft ug{ gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] cfk/flws ljZjf;3ft ug{ jf u/fpg
x'Fb}g .
cfk/flws ljZjf;3ft u/] jf u/fPsf] dflgg]5 M–
-s_ cfk\mgf] lhDdf jf ;+/If0fdf /x]sf] csf{sf] ;DklQ a]OdfgLk"j{s
cfk\mgf] lgldQ k|of]u u/]df jf s'g} k|sf/n] ?kfGt/0f u/]df jf
To:tf] ;DklQsf] pkof]u tT;DaGwL s/f/ jf zt{gfdf jf sfg"g
ljk/Lt a]OdfgLk"j{s cfk\mgf] lgldQ pkof]u u/]df jf c?
s;}nfO{ pkof]u ug{ lbPdf jf xs 6'6fO{ c?nfO{ lbPdf jf
lbnfPdf,
-v_ csf{sf] s'g} sfd sf/f]jf/ ug]{ lhDdf lnPsf] jf sfg"gL st{Jo
kfng ug'{ kg]{ lhDd]jf/L ePsf] JolQmn] jf s'g} sfd sf/f]jf/sf
;DaGwdf csf{sf] k|ltlglwsf] ?kdf sfd ug]{ JolQmn] cfk"m jf
c? s;}nfO{ kmfObf k'¥ofpgsf] nflu cfk\mgf] st{Josf] ljk/Lt
s'g} sfd u/L To:tf] JolQmnfO{ s'g} xflg, gf]S;fgL jf Iflt
k'¥ofPdf .
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ug]{ jf u/fpg] JolQmnfO{ b]xfo adf]lhdsf]
;hfo x'g]5 M–
-s_ s'g} ;+:yfsf] Joj:yfks, k|aGws, sd{rf/L jf k|ltlglwsf]
x}l;otn] s'g} JolQmn] jf s'g} ;DklQ Ps 7fpFaf6 csf]{ 7fpFdf
k'¥ofOlbg] jf uf]bfd jf cGo s'g} 7fpFdf ;'/lIft ;fy /fVg]
lhDdf lnPsf] jf To:tf]] ug]{ sfg"gL st{Jo ePsf] JolQmn]
99
cfk/flws ljZjf;3ft u/]df kfFr jif{;Dd s}b / krf; xhf/

?k}ofFF;Dd hl/afgf,
-v_ v08 -s_ df n]lvPb]lv afx]s c? s;}n] cfk/flws ljZjf;3ft
u/]df tLg jif{;Dd s}b jf tL; xhf/ ?k}ofFF;Dd hl/afgf jf
b'j} ;hfo .
@%#= cfk/flws nfe -PS;6;{g_ lng gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] cfk/flws nfe -PS;6;{g_ lng jf
lng nufpg x'Fb}g .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ sf] k|of]hgsf] nflu s;}n] s'g} JolQmnfO{ lghsf] jf c?
s;}sf] s'g} Iflt k'¥ofpg] 8/ qf;df kf/L lghaf6 a]OdfgLk"j{s cfk\mgf] jf c? s;}sf]
nflu s'g} nfe p7fPdf jf To:tf] nfe p7fpg] lgotn] s'g} sfd u/fPdf jf lghnfO{
s'g} sfd ug{af6 /f]s]df cfk/flws nfe lnPsf] dflgg]5 .
-s_ cfk/flws nfe lng] lgotn] s;}sf] Hofg lng], cËeË ug]{ jf
uDeL/ rf]6 k'¥ofpg] 8/ jf qf; b]vfPdf ;ft jif{;Dd s}b /
;Q/L xhf/ ?k}ofFF;Dd hl/afgf,
-v_ s;}sf] Joj;fodf u}/ sfg"gL tl/sfn] s'g} Iflt k'¥ofpg] jf
rl/qdf e'm7f] bf]if nufpg] lgotn] 8/, qf; b]vfO{ cfk/flws
nfe lnPdf tLg jif{;Dd s}b / tL; xhf/ ?k}ofFF;Dd hl/afgf,
-u_ v08 -s_ jf -v_ df n]lvPb]lv afx]s cGo cj:yfdf cfk/flws
nfe lnPdf Ps jif{;Dd s}b / bz xhf/ ?k}ofFF;Dd hl/afgf .
@%$= Ifltk"lt{ M o; kl/R5]b adf]lhdsf] s;"/af6 s;}nfO{ xflg, gf]S;fgL k'u]sf] /x]5 eg]
To:tf] s;"/bf/af6 ljuf] v'n]sf]df lauf] c;"n u/L kLl8tnfO{ e/fO{ lbg' kg]{5 / ljuf]
gv'n]sf]df kLl8tnfO{ dgfl;a Ifltk"lt{ e/fO{ lbg' kg]5
{ .
@%%= xbDofb M o; kl/R5]b cGtu{tsf s;"/df To:tf] s;"/ ePsf] s'/f yfxf kfPsf] ldltn]
Ps jif{ gf3] kl5 ph'/ nfUg] 5}g .
100
kl/R5]b – @@
d'b|f ;DAfGwL s;"/
@%^= vf]6f d'b|f agfpg gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] vf]6f d'b|f agfpg jf agfpg] pBf]u ug{{ x'Fb}g .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ug]{ jf u/fpg] JolQmnfO{ d'b|fsf] kl/df0f /
d"No ljrf/ u/L kfFr jif{b]lv bz jif{;Dd s}b / krf; xhf/ ?k}ofFb]lv Ps nfv
:ki6Ls/0f M o; kl/R5]bsf] k|of]hgsf nflu,–
-s_ æd'b|fÆ eGgfn] ;a} lsl;dsf] s/]G;L gf]6, kf]:6n c8{/, kf]:6n gf]6,
dgL c8{/, r]s, 8«fkm\6, 6«fen;{ r]s, k|lttkq, ljlgdokq, k|lt1fkq,
qm]l86 sf8{ ;D´g' k5{ / ;f] zAbn] a}Ín] cfjZostf cg';f/
;fj{hlgs ;"rgf k|sfzg / k|;f/0f u/L tf]lslbPsf] cGo o:t} k|sf/sf
df}lb|s pks/0f ;d]tnfO{ hgfpF5 .
-v_ ævf]6f d'b|fÆ eGgfn] g]kfn ;/sf/ jf g]kfn /fi6« a}Í jf ljb]zL ;/sf/
jf clwsf/ k|fKt ljb]zL ;+:yfn] lgsfn]sf] xf] eGg] efg kfg]{ jf
ljZjf; x'g] u/L cglws[t ?kdf agfPsf] jf gSsnL d'b|f ;Demg' k5{ .
@%&= vf]6f d'b|f rng ug{ gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] vf]6f] d'b|f xf] eGg] hfgLhfgL ;2] ;/x rng
ug]{ lgotn] To:tf] d'b|f vl/b jf laqmL ug{, lgsf;L jf k}7f/L ug{, n]gb]g ug{, ;2]
;/x rngdf Nofpg jf To;sf] pBf]u ug{ jf cfk"m;Fu /fVg x'Fb}g .
@%*= vf]6f d'b|f agfpg] ;fdfg agfpg, /fVg jf dd{t ug{ gx'g] M -!_ vf]6f d'b|f agfpg
jf agfpg] sfddf k|of]u x'G5 eGg] hfgLhfgL jf ljZjf; ug]{ dgfl;a sf/0f eO{
s;}n] s'g} cf}hf/ jf cGo s'g} ;fdfg agfpg, dd{t ug{, vl/b laqmL ug{, lbg lng
jf lgsf;L jf k}7f/L ug{ jf cfk"m;Fu /fVg x'Fb}g .
@%(= dfkb08 ljk/Lt d'b|f agfpg gx'g] M -!_ k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd d'b|f agfpg] clwsf/
kfPsf]] s'g} clwsf/L jf JolQmn] hfgLhfgL sfg"gåf/f lgwf{l/t dfkb08 ljk/Lt x'g]
101
u/L d'b|f agfpg, d'b|f agfpg] zt{ aGb]h ljk/Lt d'b|f agfpg, agfpg' kg]{eGbf a9L
kl/df0fdf d'b|f agfpg jf To;/L km/s kf/L agfpg] lgotn] s'g} sfd ug{ jf
To;af6 cfk"mnfO{ jf c? s;}nfO{ nfe k'¥ofpg jf To:tf] sfddf ;xof]u k'¥ofpg
x'Fb}g .
@^)= d'b|f agfpg] cf}hf/ aflx/ n}hfg gx'g] M -!_ sfg"g adf]lhd clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Lsf]
cfb]zn] afx]s s;}n] d'b|f agfpg] oGq jf pks/0f jf cGo ;fdu|L d'b|f agfpg]
7fpFaf6 aflx/ n}hfg x'Fb}g .
@^!= d'b|fsf] tf}n 36fpg jf ?k jbNg gx'g] M -!_ ;2] ;/x Jojxf/df rnfpg] lgotn] jf
;f] x'g ;S5 eGg] hfgLhfgL s;}n] wft'af6 ag]sf] d'b|fsf] tf}n 36fpg jf wft'sf] c+z
km/s kfg{ jf Ps lsl;dsf] d'b|fnfO{ csf]{ lsl;dsf] d'b|f xf] eGg] efg kfg]{ u/L
lgsf;L jf k}7f/L ug{ jf cfk"m;Fu /fVg x'Fb}g .
@^@= /f]s nufOPsf] d'b|f rng rNtLdf Nofpg gx'g] M -!_ rng rNtLdf /x]sf] d'b|fnfO{
rng rNtLdf Nofpg /f]s nufpg] u/L sfg"g adf]lhd clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Lsf]
cfb]z ePsf]df To:tf] cfb]z k|lts"n x'g] u/L To;/L /f]s nufOPsf] d'b|f rng
rNtLdf Nofpg, n]gb]g ug{ jf /fVg x'Fb}g .
jf bz xhf/ ?k}ofFF;Dd hl/afgf jf b'j} ;hfo x'g]5 / To;/L rng rnfPsf], n]gb]g
u/]sf] jf /fv]sf] d'b|f ;d]t hkmt x'g]5 .
@^#= a}Í gf]6 jf l;Ssf hnfpg, ufNg, RofTg jf a}Í gf]6df n]Vg gx'g] M -!_ clwsf/
k|fKt clwsf/Lsf] cfb]z ljgf s;}n] d'b|fsf] ?kdf u|fx\o ePsf] a}Í gf]6 jf l;SsfnfO{
hnfpg jf To;nfO{ sfd gnfUg] u/L ufNg jf RofTg x'Fb}g .
-@_ s;}n] a}Í gf]6df n]Vg jf sf]g{ x'Fb}g .
102
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ jf -@_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ug]{ jf u/fpg] JolQmnfO{ tLg
dlxgf;Dd s}b / kfFr xhf/ ?k}ofF;Dd hl/afgf x'g]5 .
@^$= e'mqf] a}Í gf]6 b'?kof]u ug{ gx'g] M -!_ d'b|fsf] ?kdf u|fx\o ePsf] a}Í gf]6 e'mqf] eO{
jf cIf/, lrXg jf cfsf/ glrlgg] eO{ jf cGo s'g} sf/0fn] rng rNtLdf Nofpg
gx'g] eO{ ;8fpg] jf hnfpg] 7x/ ePsf em'qf gf]6x? sfg"g adf]lhd clwsf/ k|fKt
clwsf/Lsf] cfb]zn] hnfpg] jf ;8fpg] st{Jo ePsf] JolQmn] To:tf] a}Í gf]6 rng
rNtLdf Nofpg jf To;af6 s'g} lsl;dsf] nfe kfpg] jblgotn] ghnfO{ jf g;8fO{
/fVg jf s;}nfO{ lbg x'Fb}g .
@^%= hkmt x'g] M o; kl/R5]b adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ug{ k|of]u ePsf] d'b|f, cf}hf/, pks/0f jf
oGq / To;;Fu ;DalGwt ;fdu|L hkmt x'g]5 .
@^^= xbDofb M o; kl/R5]b cGtu{tsf] s;"/df To:tf] s;"/ ePsf] s'/f yfxf kfPsf] ldltn]
Ps jif{ gf3]kl5 ph'/ nfUg] 5}g .
kl/R5]b – @#
l6s6 ;DaGwL s;"/
@^&= vf]6f l6s6 agfpg jf rng ug{ gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] ;2] ;/x rng ug]{ lgotn] vf]6f
l6s6 agfpg jf agfpg] pBf]u ug{, vl/b laqmL ug{, n]gb]g ug{ jf lgsf;L jf
k}7f/L ug{ jf ;2] ;/x rng ug{ jf To:tf] ug{ pBf]u ug{ jf cfk"m;Fu /fVg x'Fbg} .
:ki6Ls/0f M o; kl/R5]bsf] k|of]hgsf nflu M
-s_ æl6s6Æ eGgfn] x'nfs l6s6 jf lnvtdf 6fFl;g] /fh:j ;DaGwL cGo
l6s6 ;Demg' k5{ / ;f] zAbn] vfd, x'nfs kq jf c? s'g} j:t'df
nufOPsf] jf 5flkPsf] l6s6sf] lg:;f jf l6s6sf] k|of]hgsf nflu
k|of]u x'g] l:6s/ ;d]tnfO{ hgfpF5 .
-v_ ævf]6f l6s6Æ eGgfn] v08 -s_ df pNn]v ul/P adf]lhdsf] l6s6 xf]
eGg] efg kfg]{ u/L cglws[t ?kdf agfPsf] gSsnL l6s6 ;Demg' k5{
/ ;f] zAbn] Psk6s k|of]u eO;s]sf] l6s6 ;d]tnfO{ hgfpF5 .
103
@^*= vf]6f l6s6 agfpg] cf}hf/ vl/b, laqmL, dd{t OTofbL ug{ gx'g] M -!_ vf]6f l6s6
agfpg] sfddf k|of]u x'G5 eGg] hfgLhfgL jf ljZjf; ug'{ kg]{ dgfl;a sf/0f eO{
s;}n] s'g} cf}hf/ jf cGo s'g} ;fdfg agfpg, dd{t ug{, vl/b laqmL ug{, n]gb]g ug{
jf cfk"m;Fu /fVg x'Fb}g .
@^(= k|of]u ePsf] l6s6 k'gM k|of]udf Nofpg gx'g] M -!_ Ps k6s k|of]u eO;s]sf] l6s6
xf] eGg] hfgLhfgL To:tf] l6s6 s;}n] k'gM ;2] ;/x k|of]u ug{, ;2] ;/x k|of]u ug]{
lgotn] l6s6df nfu]sf] 5fk jf lrXg d]6\g, v's{g jf p8fpg jf To;sf] pBf]u ug{
x'Fb}g .
@&)= ;fj{hlgs lnvtdf k|of]u ePsf] l6s6 pKsfpg gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] s'g} ;fj{hlgs
lnvtdf k|of]u ePsf] s'g} l6s6 pKsfpg jf pKsfpg] pBf]u ug{ x'Fb}g .
@&!= hkmt x'g] M o; kl/R5]b adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ug{ k|of]u ePsf] l6s6, cf}hf/, pks/0f
jf To;;Fu ;DalGwt ;fdu|L hkmt x'g]5 .
@&@= xbDofb M o; kl/R5]b cGtu{tsf] s;"/df To:tf] s;"/ ePsf] s'/f yfxf kfPsf] ldltn]
Ps jif{ gf3]kl5 ph'/ nfUg] 5}g .
kl/R5]b –@$
gfktf}n ;DaGwL s;"/
@&#= gfKg] jf tf}ng] ;fwg gSsnL agfpg jf rng ug{ gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] gfKg], tf}ng] jf
u'0f:t/ lgwf{/0f ug]{ s'g} ;fwg lgwf{l/t :t/eGbf 36L a9L x'g] u/L agfpg jf
agfpg nufpg jf To;/L agfPsf] gfKg], tf}ng], u'0f:t/ lgwf{/0f ug]{ ;fwg
104
hfgLhfgL ;SsnL ;/x rng ug{ jf rng ug]{ lgotn]] /fVg jf laqmL ug{ jf To:tf]
;fwgdf nufpg] 5fk jf 6fFrf gSsnL agfpg jf gfKg], tf}ng] jf u'0f:t/ lgwf{/0f
ug]{ ;fwgsf] 5fk jf 6fFrf ljufg{ jf csf]{ s'g} ;fwgsf] d2tn] To:tf] ;fwgsf] gfKg],
tf}ng] jf u'0f:t/ lgwf{/0f Ifdtfdf k|efj kfg{ jf To:tf] ;fwgdf gSsnL 5fk jf
6fFrf nufpg jf cGo s'g} pkfoåf/f rng rNtLsf] gfk jf tf}nnfO{ 36L a9L x'g
;Sg] agfpg x'Fb}g .
:ki6Ls/0f M o; bkmfsf] k|of]hgsf] nflu ægfKg], tf}ng] jf u'0f:t/ lgwf{/0f ug]{
;fwgÆ eGgfn] s'g} j:t' jf ;]jfsf] OsfO{, u'0f jf kl/df0f jf To:tf] a:t' jf ;]jfsf]
z'4tf jf :t/ jf s'g} j:t'sf] OsfO{ lgwf{/0f ug{ sfg"g adf]lhd rng rNtLdf /x]sf]
;fwg ;Demg' k5{ .
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd agfPsf], rng rNtLdf NofPsf] ;fwg, To;nfO{
agfpg] jf dd{t ug]{ cf}hf/ ;d]t hkmt x'g]5 .
@&$= gfKg], tf}ng] jf u'0f:t/ lgwf{/0f ug]{ ;fwg sk6k"0f{ k|of]u ug{ gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] s'g}
Joj;fo, sf/f]af/ jf Jofkf/sf] l;nl;nfdf gfKg], tf}ng] jf u'0f:t/ lgwf{/0f ug]{
;fwg k|of]u ug'{ kbf{ sfg"g adf]lhd To:tf] ;fwgsf] rng rNtLdf lgwf{/0f ul/Psf]
gfk, tf}n jf :t/eGbf 36L a9L x'g] u/L sk6k"0f{ ?kdf k|of]u ug{, csf]{ s'g} ;fwg
jf pkfosf] d2tn] To:tf] ;fwgsf] rng rNtLsf] gfKg], tf}ng] jf u'0f:t/ lgwf{/0f
ug]{ s'/fdf k|lts"n k|efj kfg{ x'Fb}g .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ug{] jf u/fpg] JolQmnfO{ tLg jif{;Dd s}b /
@&%= xbDofb M o; kl/R5]b cGtu{tsf] s;"/df To:tf] s;"/ ePsf] s'/f yfxf kfPsf] ldltn]
kl/R5]b – @%
lnvt ;DaGwL s;"/
@&^= sLt]{ ug{ gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] sLt]{ ug{ jf u/fpg x'Fb}g .
105
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ sf] k|of]hgsf] nflu s;}n] ;j{;fwf/0f jf s;}nfO{ s'g} xflg,
gf]S;fgL jf Iflt k'¥ofpg] jf cfk"m jf s;}nfO{ s'g} nfe k'¥ofpg] lgotn] s'g} e'm¶f
lnvt jf e'm¶f ljB'tLo clen]v jf lnvt jf ljB'tLo clen]vsf] e'm¶f c+z jf efu
agfpg] sfd u/]df lghn] sLt]{ u/]sf] dflgg]5 .
:ki6Ls/0f M o; bkmfsf] k|of]hgsf nflu,–
-s_ ælnvtÆ eGgfn] lnvtdf nfu]sf] ;xL, cf}F7f 5fk, 5fk /
lnvtdf hlgPsf] cÍ, cIf/, ldlt jf cGo s'g} Joxf]/f ;Demg'
k5{ .
-v_ æe'm¶f lnvt agfpg] sfdÆ eGgfn] b]xfosf] s'g} sfd ;Demg'
k5{ M–
-!_ h'g clwsf/L jf JolQmn] lnvt agfPsf], n]v]sf] jf
;xL5fk u/]sf] xf]Og To:tf] clwsf/L jf JolQmn] lnvt
agfPsf], n]v]sf] jf ;lx5fk u/]sf] xf] eGg] ljZjf; kfg]{
lsl;daf6 a]OdfgLk"j{s lnvt jf To;sf] c+z tof/
ug]{, ljB'tLo clen]v tof/ ug]{ jf k7fpg], ljB'tLo
clen]vdf l8lh6nx? ;+/If0f ug]{,
-@_ ljgf clwsf/ jf j]OdfgLk"j{s s'g} lnvt jf ljB'tLo
clen]vdf s'g} s'/f ykL, d]6L, s]/L, kl/jt{g u/L jf
cGo s'g} lsl;daf6 Joxf]/f km/s jf ga'lemg] kfg]{,
-#_ dfgl;s c:j:ytfsf] sf/0faf6 xf]; 7]ufgdf gePsf],
dfbs kbfy{ jf nfu" kbfy{ ;]jg u/]sf] jf 5nsk6df
kfl/Psf] sf/0fn] s;}n] lnvtdf n]lvPsf] s'/fsf] dtnj
a'e\mg ;Sb}g eGg] hfgLhfgL To:tf] JolQmnfO{ lnvt
agfpg, ;lx5fk ug{ jf lnvtdf n]lvPsf] s'g} s'/f
abNg nufpg],
-$_ Ps sfdsf] nflu ;xL5fk u/L lnkmf, sfuh jf 5fk
lnP lbPsf]df To:tf] sfddf gnufO{ cs}{ k|of]hgsf]
lnvt v8f ug]{ jf ;f]df nufpg] .
106
x'g]5 M–
-s_ /fi6«kltaf6 k|df0fLs/0f ePsf] lnvt sLt]{ ug]{nfO{ bz jif{;Dd
s}b / Ps nfv ?k}ofFF;Dd hl/afgf,

-s!_ k|b]z k|d'vaf6 k|df0fLs/0f ePsf] lnvt sLt]{ ug]{nfO{ v08
-s_ adf]lhdsf] s}b / hl/afgf,
-v_ cbfntsf] k}m;nf jf cfb]z sLt]{ ug]{nfO{ cf7 jif{;Dd s}b /
c;L xhf/ ?k}ofFF;Dd hl/afgf,
-u_ v08 -s_ / -v_ df n]lvPb]lv afx]s cGo ;/sf/L jf
;fj{hlgs lnvt sLt]{ ug]{nfO{ ;ft jif{;Dd s}b / ;Q/L
xhf/ ?k}ofFF;Dd hl/afgf,
-3_ v08 -s_, -v_ / -u_ df n]lvPb]lv afx]s cGo s'/f sLt]{
ug]{nfO{ kfFr jif{;Dd s}b / krf; xhf/ ?k}ofFF;Dd hl/afgf .
-$_ s;}n] sLt]{ u/L k|fKt u/]sf] ;DklQ lnO{ dfl;;s]sf] /x]5 eg] lghnfO{
pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhdsf] ;hfosf] cltl/Qm ljuf] adf]lhdsf] yk hl/afgf ;d]t x'g]5 .
-%_ s;}n] sLt]{ u/L s'g} ;DklQ k|fKt u/]sf] /x]5 eg] lghn] To:tf] ;DklQ
;DalGwt wgLnfO{ lkmtf{ ug'{ kg]{5 / To:tf] ;DklQ dfl;;s]sf] /x]5 eg] s;"/bf/sf]
cGo hfohftaf6 To;sf] lauf] wgLnfO{ e/fO{ lbg' kg]{5 .
@&&= sLt]{ lnvt ;2] ;/x /fVg jf Jojxf/df Nofpg gx'g] M -!_ sLt]{ lnvt xf] eGg]
hfgLhfgL jf ljZjf; ug'{ kg]{ dgfl;a sf/0f eO{ s;}n] a]OdfgLk"j{s To:tf] lnvt
;2] ;/x Jojxf/ ug]{ lgotn] ;fydf /fVg' x'Fb}g .
-#_ sLt]{ lnvt xf] eGg] hfgLhfgL jf ljZjf; ug'{ kg]{ dgfl;a sf/0f eO{
s;}n] To:tf] lnvt ;2] ;/x Jojxf/df NofPdf lghnfO{ To:tf] lnvt sLt]{ u/]
;/xsf] ;hfo x'g]5 .

107
@&*= sLt]{ lnvt agfpg] cf}hf/ agfpg gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] sLt]{ lnvt v8f ug]{ jf agfpg]
sfddf k|of]u ug]{ lgotn] jf To:tf]] sfddf k|of]u x'g ;S5 eGg] hfgLhfgL jf
ljZjf; ug'{ kg]{ dgfl;a sf/0f eO{ sLt]{ lnvt agfpg] 5fk jf cGo s'g} cf}hf/
agfpg, dd{t ug{, v/Lb ug{, lbg lng jf cfk"m;Fu /fVg' x'Fb}g .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ug]{ jf u/fpg] JolQmnfO{ rf/ jif{;Dd s}b /
rfnL; xhf/ ?k}ofFF;Dd hl/afgf x'g]5 .
@&(= hfn;fhL ug{ gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] hfn;fhL ug{ jf u/fpg x'Fb}g .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ sf] k|of]hgsf] nflu sLt]{ dflgg] s;"/ afx]s s;}sf] xs d]6\g],
xbDofb, tf/]v hfg], s'g} lsl;dn] xflg, gf]S;fgL ug]{ jf s;}nfO{ Iflt jf nfe
k'¥ofpg] lgotn] hfgLhfgL geP jf gu/]sf] s'/f eP u/]sf] xf] egL jf e'm¶f ldlt,
cÍ jf Joxf]/f pNn]v u/L lnvt agfPdf jf To:tf] lnvtdf ;xL5fk u/] jf u/fPdf
jf cfk\mgf] xs gePsf] s'/fdf xs ePsf] b]vfO{ s'g} sfd u/]df hfn;fhLsf] s;"/
u/]sf] dflgg]5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ug]{ jf u/fpg] JolQmnfO{ tLg jif{;Dd s}b
-$_ s;}n] hfn;fhL u/L k|fKt u/]sf] ;DklQ lnO{ dfl;;s]sf] /x]5 eg]
lghnfO{ pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhdsf] ;hfosf] cltl/Qm ljuf] adf]lhdsf] yk hl/afgf
;d]t x'g]5 .
-%_ s;}n] hfn;fhL u/L s'g} ;DklQ k|fKt u/]sf] /x]5 eg] lghn] To:tf]
;DklQ ;DalGwt wgLnfO{ lkmtf{ ug'{ kg]{5 / To:tf] ;DklQ dfl;;s]sf] /x]5 eg]
s;"/bf/sf] cGo hfohftaf6 To;sf] lauf] wgLnfO{ e/fO{ lbg' kg]{5 .
@*)= hfn;fhL lnvt ;2] ;/x Jojxf/df Nofpg gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] hfn;fhL lnvt xf]
eGg] yfxf kfO{ jf yfxf kfpg' kg]{ dgfl;a sf/0f eO{ To:tf] lnvt ;2] ;/x
Jojxf/df Nofpg x'Fb}g .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ug]{ jf u/fpg] JolQmnfO{ hfn;fhL u/]
;/xsf] ;hfo x'g]5 .
@*!= dltof/ dfgL ;hfo x'g] M -!_ sLt]{ sfuh xf] egL hfgLhfgL ;fIfL a:g] jf lnvt
n]Vg] JolQmnfO{ sLt]{ s;"/sf] dltof/ dflgg]5 .
108
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] dltof/nfO{ bkmf @&^ sf] pkbkmf -#_ df
plNnlvt ;hfosf] cfwf ;hfo x'g]5 .
@*@= Ifltk"lt{ e/fO{ lbg' kg]{ M o; kl/R5]b adf]lhdsf] s;"/af6 s;}nfO{ xflg, gf]S;fgL,
ePsf]df s;"/bf/af6 To:tf] xflg, gf]S;fgL ePsf] JolQmnfO{ dgfl;a Ifltk"lt{ e/fO{
lbg' kg]{5 .
@*#= xbDofb M ;fj{hlgs lnvt sLt]{ u/]sf]df yfxf kfPsf] ldltn] b'O{ jif{ / o; kl/R5]b
cGtu{tsf] cGo s;"/df To:tf] s;"/ ePsf] s'/f yfxf kfPsf] ldltn] 5 dlxgf
kl/R5]b –@^
cfk/flws k|j]z tyf cfk/flws pkb|j ;DaGwL s;"/
@*$= cfk/flws k|j]z ug{ gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] s;}sf] ;DklQdf cfk/flws k|j]z ug{ jf
u/fpg x'Fb}g .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ sf] k|of]hgsf] nflu s;}n] b]xfosf] s'g} sfd ug]{ lgotn] x"n
x'Hht u/L jf gu/L cglws[t ?kdf csf{sf] :jfldTj jf sAhfdf /x]sf] s'g} ;DklQdf
To:tf] JolQmsf] cg'dlt glnO{ k|j]z u/]df jf cg'dlt lnO{ k|j]z u/]sf]df To:tf] s'g}
sfd ug]{ lgotn] ;f] ;DklQdf al;/x]df, cf]u6]df jf ;DklQ pkef]u u/L /x]df lghn]
cfk/flws k|j]z u/]sf] dflgg]5 M–
-s_ s'g} s;"/ ug]{, jf
-v_ h'g JolQmsf] :jfldTj jf sJhfdf ;DklQ /x]sf] 5 To:tf]
JolQmnfO{ 8/qf; b]vfpg], ckdfg ug]{ jf lemem\ofpg] .
x'g]5 M–
-s_ pkbkmf -@_ sf] v08 -s_ sf] k|of]hgsf nflu cfk/flws k|j]z
ug]{nfO{{ To:tf] s;"/sf] pBf]u u/] ;/xsf] ;hfo,

109
-v_ pkbkmf -@_ sf] v08 -v_ sf] p2]Zon] s'g} ;/sf/L sfof{no jf
dflg; a;f]af; u/]sf] 3/df k|j]z u/]sf] eP 5 dlxgf;Dd s}b
jf kfFr xhf/ ?k}ofFF;Dd hl/afgf jf b'j} ;hfo .
-!_ c:yfoL a;f]af; u/]sf] 7fpFnfO{ klg 3/ dflgg]5 .
-@_ ;gftgb]lv k|of]u ub}{ cfPsf] af6f], lgsf;, kfgL3f6,
l;FrfO{sf] s'nf], d;fg3f6, b]jfnodf k|j]z u/]sf] jf
k|of]u u/]sf]df cfk/flws k|j]z u/]sf] dflgg] 5}g .
@*%= cfk/flws pkb|j ug{ gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] cfk/flws pkb|j ug{ jf u/fpg x'Fb}g .
cfk/flws pkb|j u/]sf] dflgg]5 M–
-s_ g]kfn ;/sf/, k|b]z ;/sf/ jf :yfgLo tx, g]kfn ;/sf/,
lgoGq0f /x]sf] ;Ël7t ;+:yf, ;j{;fwf/0f jf s'g} JolQmnfO{ s'g}
xflg, gf]S;fgL jf Iflt k'¥ofpg] lgotn] jf To:tf] Iflt k'Ug
;S5 eGg] hfgLhfgL jf ljZjf; ug'{ kg]{ dgfl;a sf/0f eO{ jf
nfk/afxL jf x]nrSo|fOF u/L s'g} ;/sf/L, ;fj{hlgs jf lghL
;DklQ gfz u/]df jf To;sf] d"No, dxTj jf pkof]lutf 36\g]
s'g} sfd u/]df,
-v_ ;fj{hlgs jf lghL 9n, lgsf;, s'nf], kFw]/f], ;8s, k'n jf s'g}
;~rf/ jf oftfoftsf] ;fwg OToflbsf] xflg, gf]S;fgL jf
cg'lrt Iflt k'¥ofPdf jf Iflt k'Ug] s'g} sfd u/]df jf ;f]sf]
pkof]udf hfgLhfgL s'g} lsl;dn] afwf cj/f]w xflg, gf]S;fgL
jf cg'lrt Iflt k'¥ofPdf jf Iflt k'Ug] s'g} sfd u/]df,
-u_ clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Lsf] cfb]zn] afx]s ;fj{hlgs ;'ljwfsf]
nflu /flvPsf] s'g} ;Í]t jf lrXg gf;]df, x6fPdf, d]6]df jf
lauf/]df,
110
-3_ e'm6f] ckmjfx k}mnfP/ jf c?nfO{ wf]sf x'g] s'g} ;fwgsf] k|of]u
u/]/ csf{sf] sfd sf/f]af/ jf Joj;fodf afwf k'¥ofPdf jf
csf{sf] Jofkf/sf] VofltnfO{ Iflt k'¥ofPdf,
-ª_ csf{sf] lr¶L, ;"rgf, k'lnGbf jf cGo s'g} dfn n'sfPdf jf
ablgot;fy l9nf] k'Ug] u/fPdf .
x'g]5 M–
-s_ g]kfn ;/sf/n] ;+/If0f u/]sf] jf sfg"g adf]lhd ;+/lIft s'g}
jGohGt' jf jg:kltsf] k|hfltsf] cl:tTj g} ljgfz ug]{
p2]Zon] /fli6«o lgs'~h jf cf/If jf ;+/lIft If]q, ljZj ;Dkbf
;"rLdf ;dfj]z ePsf P]ltxfl;s jf k'/ftflTjs :df/s jf
:tDe, P]ltxfl;s jf k'/ftflTjs dxTjsf j:t' ;Íng u/L
/flvPsf] :yfg jf ;ª\ux| fno, P]ltxfl;s lnvtx? /flvPsf]
clen]vfno, hËL jf k|x/Lsf] xftxltof/ tyf v/vhfgf
/flvPsf] ;}lgs jf cw{;}lgs 3/ jf 7fpF, ;'/If0f 5fkfvfgf,
l;Ssf 6sdf/L ug]{ 6S;f/, sf/vfgf, a}Í gf]6 5fKg] jf y'kfg]{
g]kfn /fi6« a}Ísf] uf]bfddf cfuf] nufPdf jf ljikmf]6s kbfy{
k|of]u u/]df hGds}bsf] ;hfo / ljuf] adf]lhd hl/afgf,
-v_ v08 -s_ df n]lvP afx]ssf P]ltxfl;s, k'/ftflTjs jf wfld{s
:df/s jf :tDe, ;fj{hlgs jf ;/sf/L dxTjsf sfuhft
/x]sf] ejg jf txljn /x]sf] cbfnt, ;+j}wflgs lgsfo, g]kfn
;/sf/, k|b]z ;/sf/ jf :yfgLo txsf] sfof{no jf g]kfn
;/sf/, k|b]z ;/sf/ jf :yfgLo txsf] k"0f{ jf clwsf+z
:jfldTj jf lgoGq0f /x]sf] ;+:yf, ljb]zL s"6gLlts lgof]u jf
cGt//fli6«o jf cGt/;/sf/L ;+:yfsf] sfof{nodf cfuf] nufO{
jf ljikmf]6s kbfy{ k|of]u u/L cfk/flws pkb|j u/]sf] eP kfFr
jif{b]lv afx| jif{;Dd s}b / ljuf] adf]lhd hl/afgf,
111
-u_ v08 -s_ jf -v_ df n]lvPb]lv afx]s cGo s'g} sfd u/L s'g}
;fj{hlgs ;DklQdf Iflt k'¥ofO{ cfk/flws pkb|j u/]sf] eP
rf/ jif{;Dd s}b / rfnL; xhf/ ?k}ofFF;Dd hl/afgf,
-3_ s;}sf] 3/, sfof{no jf s'g} ;Dkltdf cfuf] nufO{ jf ljikmf]6s
kbfy{ k|of]u u/L cfk/flws pkb|j u/]sf]df b'O{ jif{b]lv kfFr
jif{;Dd s}b / aL; xhf/b]lv krf; xhf/ ?k}ofFF;Dd hl/afgf,
-ª_ v08 -s_, -v_, -u_ jf -3_ df n]lvPb]lv afx]s c? s'g} sfd
u/L cfk/flws pkb|j u/]sf] sf/0fn] s;}nfO{ s'g} xflg,
gf]S;fgL ePsf]df tLg jif{;Dd s}b / tL; xhf/ ?k}ofFF;Dd
hl/afgf .
-$_ o; bkmf adf]lhdsf] s;"/af6 s;}nfO{ xflg, gf]S;fgL ePdf xflg,
gf]S;fgL ePsf] ljuf] a/fa/sf] Ifltk"lt{ s;"/bf/af6 kLl8tnfO{ e/fO{ lbg' kg]{5 .
@*^= n'6lk6 ug{ gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] n'6lk6 ug'{ jf u/fpg' x'Fb}g .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ sf] k|of]hgsf nflu s;}n] cfk\mgf] xs gk'Ug] jf cGo s;}sf]
:jfldTj, lhDdf jf lgoGq0fdf /x]sf] ;DklQ rf]/L jf 7uL u/]sf] cj:yfdf afx]s c?
s'g} lsl;dn] hah{:tL u/L jf gu/L vf];L, w/ks8 jf n5f/ k5f/ u/L jf To:tf]
ug]{ wDsL lbO{ n}hfg] jf xflg, gf]S;fgL ug]{ lgotn] s'g} sfd u/]df n'6lk6 u/]sf]
dflgg] 5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ ad]flhdsf] s;"/ ug]{ JolQmnfO{ tLg dlxgf;Dd s}b jf
n'6lk6 u/]sf] ljuf]sf] kRrL; k|ltzt;Dd hl/afgf jf b'j} ;hfo x'g]5 / n'6lk6
ePsf] ;Dkltsf] ljuf] s;"/bf/af6 kLl8tnfO{ e/fO{ lbg' kg]{5 .
@*&= s;"/ u/L k|fKt u/]sf] ;DklQ lng gx'g] M -!_ s'g} s;"/ u/L k|fKt u/]sf] ;DklQ xf]
eGg] hfgLhfgL jf ljZjf; x'g] s'g} dgfl;a sf/0f eO{ s;}n] s'g} ;DklQ lng, /fVg
jf v/Lb–laqmL ug{ x'Fb}g .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ug]{ jf u/fpg] JolQmnfO{ kfFr jif{ s}b jf
krf; xhf/ ?k}ofFF;Dd hl/afgf jf b'j} ;hfo x'g]5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd lnP /fv]sf] jf vl/b laqmL u/]sf] ;DklQ ;f]
;DklQsf] wgLnfO{ lkmtf{ ug'{ kg]{5 .
112
@**= xbDofb M bkmf @*$ / @*% cGtu{tsf] s;"/ To:tf] s;"/ ePsf] ldltn] 5 dlxgfleq
/ bkmf @*^ sf] cGtu{tsf] s;"/df ;f] eP u/]sf] ldltn] tLg dlxgfleq / o;
kl/R5]b cGtu{tsf] cGo s;"/ To:tf] s;"/ ePsf] s'/f yfxf kfPsf] ldltn] tLg dlxgf
kl/R5]b –@&
kz'kIfL ;DaGwL s;"/
@*(= ufO{, uf]? dfg{ jf s'6\g gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] ufO{ jf uf]? dfg]{ jf s'g} rf]6 k'¥ofpg]
lgotn] s'g} sfd ug'{ jf u/fpg' x'Fb}g .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] sfdaf6 s'g} ufO{ jf uf]? dg{ uPdf To:tf] s;"/
ug{] JolQmnfO{ tLg jif{ ;Dd s}b x'g]5 .
-#_ s;}n] ufO{ jf uf]?nfO{ s'6L cËeË kf/]df lghnfO{ 5 dlxgf;Dd s}b /
cGo rf]6 k'¥ofPdf krf; xhf/ ?k}ofFF;Dd hl/afgf x'g]5 .
-$_ pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg s;}n] s'g} ufO{ jf uf]?n]
cfk\mgf] jf c?sf] lhp jf Hofgdf k'¥ofpg nfu]sf] Iflt arfpg cfjZos k/]sf] s'g}
sfd ubf{ To:tf] ufO{ jf uf]? dg{ uPdf jf To:tf] ufO{ jf uf]?nfO{ s'g} rf]6 k'Ug
uPsf] /x]5 eg] o; bkmf adf]lhd s;"/ u/]sf] dflgg] 5}g .
@()= kz'kIfL k|lt lgb{oL Jojxf/ ug{ gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] s'g} kz'kIfLnfO{ s'6L, lxsf{O{ jf
af]Sg ;Sg] IfdtfeGbf a9L ef/L af]sfO{ jf ;fdYo{eGbf a9L bf}8fO{ jf /f]u, 3fp,
vl6/f jf cGo s'g} sf/0faf6 sfd ug{ c;dy{ ePsf]nfO{ sfddf nufO{ jf xflgsf/s
a:t' ;]jg u/fO{ jf cGo s'g} k|sf/n] oftgf lbg jf cfk"mn] kfn]sf] kz'k+IfL /f]uL jf
j[4 ePsf] sf/0fn] ;fj{hlgs ?kdf 5f8\g jf cGo s'g} lsl;daf6 lgb{oL jf q'm/
Jojxf/ ug{ x'Fb}g .
t/ kz'kIfLnfO{ s'g} sfd ug{ l;sfpg], tflnd lbg], To;nfO{ cfˆgf] sfdk|lt
lgk'0f agfpg] p2]Zon] Go"gtd an k|of]u u/L s'g} sfd ug{ jf kz'kIfLnfO{ To;sf]
zf/Ll/s Ifdtf cg';f/ s'g} ef/L af]sfpg jf bf}8fpg afwf kg]{ 5}g .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ug]{ jf u/fpg] JolQmnfO{ tLg dlxgf;Dd
s}b jf kfFr xhf/ ?k}ofF;Dd hl/afgf jf b'j} ;hfo x'g]5 .
113
@(!= ;fj{hflgs :yndf kz' jf kIfL dfg{ gx'g] M -!_ o; ;+lxtfdf cGoyf Joj:yf
ePsf]df afx]s s;}n] klg s'g} kz' jf kIfLnfO{ k/Dk/fb]lv anL lbFb} cfPsf] wfld{s
:yn afx]s cGo s'g} klg ;fj{hlgs :yndf dfg'{ x'Fb}g .
t/ k/Dk/fb]lv g} kz' jf kIfLsf] aw ug{ rnL cfPsf] d]nf, hfqf, xf6 jf
dxf]T;j jf :yfgdf kz' jf kIfL dfg{ jfwf kg]{ 5}g .
:ki6Ls/0f M o; bkmfsf] k|of]hgsf] nflu æ;fj{hlgs :ynÆ eGgfn] af6f], ;8s, k'n,
rf}/ jf dflg; cfjt hfjt ug]{ 7fpF ;Demg' k5{ .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd anL lbg'kbf{ k/Dk/fb]lv anL lbb} cfPsf] wfld{s:yn
afx]s cGo ;fj{hlgs jf wfld{s:yndf kz' jf kIfLsf] anL lbg ;lsg] 5}g .
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd kz' jf k5Lsf] anL lbg'kbf{ kz' jf kIfLsf] anLsf]
ljsNkdf x'g ;Sg] cGo pkfo ePdf To:tf] pkfo cjnDag ug'{ kg]{5 .
-$_ pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhdsf] pkfo ckgfpg ;Dej geO{ kz' jf kIfLsf] anL
lbg' k/]df To; k|of]hgsf nflu ;DalGwt wfld{s :ynsf Joj:yfksn] lgwf{/0f u/]sf]
7fFpdf / lgwf{/0f u/]sf] ljlw adf]lhd anL lbg] sfd ug'{ kg]{5 .
-%_ o; bkmf adf]lhd s;"/ ug]{ jf u/fpg] JolQmnfO{ Ps dlxgf;Dd s}b jf
@(@= xbDofb M bkmf @() cGtu{tsf] s;"/df To:tf] s;"/ ePsf] ldltn] / o; kl/R5]b
cGtu{tsf] cGo s;"/df To:tf] s;"/ ePsf] s'/f yfxf kfPsf] ldltn] tLg dlxgf
efu –#
j}olQms uf]kgLotf tyf k|lti7f lj?åsf] s;"/
kl/R5]b – !
uf]kgLotf lj?4sf s;"/
@(#= csf{sf] s'/f ;'Gg jf WjgL cÍg ug{ gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] b'O{ jf b'O{eGbf a9L JolQmx?sf
lardf ePsf s'g} s'/f clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Lsf] cg'dltn] jf To;/L s'/f ug]{
JolQmx?sf] d~h'/L ljgf s'g} oflGqs pks/0fsf] k|of]u u/]/ ;'Gg jf To:tf] s'/fsf]
WjgL cÍg ug{ x'Fb}g .
114
t/ ;fj{hlgs ?kdf ul/Psf] efif0f jf jQmJosf] xsdf of] bkmf nfu" x'g]
5}g .
@($= uf]Ko s'/f k|s6 ug{ gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] cfk\mgf] Jofj;flos sfdsf] l;nl;nfdf s'g}
JolQmaf6 yfxf kfPsf] lghsf] s'g} uf]Ko s'/f sfg"gn] jfWo u/fPsf] jf To:tf] JolQmn]
cg'dlt lbPsf] cj:yfdf afx]s s;}nfO{ klg k|s6 ug{ x'Fb}g .
@(%= cg'dlt ljgf s'g} JolQmsf] t:jL/ lvRg jf t:jL/sf] :j?k laufg{ gx'g] M -!_ s;}n]
s'g} JolQmsf] cg'dlt ljgf lghsf] t:jL/ lvRg jf lghsf] t:jL/;Fu c? s;}sf]
t:jL/ /fvL csf]{ t:jL/ agfpg x'Fb}g .
t/ s;}n] s'g} ;fj{hlgs :yfgsf] t:jL/ lvRbf To:tf] :yfgdf /x]sf] s'g}
JolQm ;d]tsf] t:jL/ lvlrg uPsf] /x]5 eg] o; bkmf adf]lhd s;"/ u/]sf] dflgg]
5}g .
-#_ s;}n] Pssf] t:jL/sf] s]xL efu csf]{ JolQmsf] csf]{ efu;Fu /fvL jf cGo
s'g} lsl;dn] ljs[t ?ksf] t:jL/ agfpg jf k|sfzg ug{ x'Fb}g .
-$_ pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ug]{ jf u/fpg] JolQmnfO{ b'O{ jif{;Dd s}b jf
aL; xhf/ ?k}ofFF;Dd hl/afgf jf b'j} ;hfo x'g]5 .
@(^= cg'dlt ljgf Pssf] t:jL/ c?nfO{ lbg jf laqmL ug{ gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] s'g} JolQmsf]
t:jL/ lghsf] cg'dlt ljgf c?nfO{ lbg jf laqmL ug{ jf lghnfO{ lemem\ofpg jf
;tfpg], x}/fg kfg]{ jf lghaf6 s'g} cg'lrt kmfObf lng] jf t:jL/sf] Jofkfl/s k|of]u
u/L kmfObf lng] lgotn] k|sfzg ug{, k|rf/ jf vl/b laqmL ug{ x'Fb}g .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhsf] s;"/ ug]{ jf u/fpg] JolQmnfO{ tLg jif{;Dd s}b jf
tL; xhf/ ?k}ofFF;Dd hl/afgf jf b'j} ;hfo x'g]5 .
115
@(&= lr¶L vf]Ng jf 6]lnkmf]gdf u/]sf] s'/f ;'Gg gx'g] M -!_ clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/L jf
;DalGwt JolQmsf] cg'dlt ljgf s;}sf] lr¶L vf]Ng jf c?n] 6]lnkmf]gdf u/]sf] s'/f
s'g} oflGqs pks/0fsf] k|of]u u/]/ lardf ;'Gg jf WjgL cÍg ug{ x'Fb}g .
@(*= ljB'tLo dfWodåf/f uf]kgLotf eË ug{ gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] ljB'tLo dfWoddf /x]sf] jf
k|jfx x'g] ;"rgf, hfgsf/L, kqfrf/ cglws[t ?kdf k|fKt ug{ To;sf] uf]kgLotf eË
ug{ jf cglws[t ?kdf s;}nfO{ x:tfGt/0f ug{ jf u/fpg x'Fb}g .
@((= 5nsk6k"0f{ 6]lnkmf]g jf ;Gb]z k|jfx ug{ gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] cfk\mgf] kl/ro lbO{ jf
glbO{ s;}nfO{ 5Ng], wf]sf lbg], x}/fgL kfg]{ jf ;tfpg] p2]Zon] 5nsk6k"0f{ 6]lnkmf]g
jf ;Gb]z k|jfx ug{ u/fpg x'Fb}g .
#))= x}/fg kfg]{ ab\lgotn] lr¶L kq n]Vg gx'g] M -!_ s;}nfO{ 8/, qf; jf b'Mv jf x}/fgL
lbg], ckdfg jf a]OHht ug]{ ablgotn] s'g} lr¶L kq, krf{ jf cGo s'g} lsl;dsf]
lnvt n]vL, n]vfO{ jf ljB'tLo dfWodåf/f wDsL lbg], ;tfpg], lh:Sofpg] jf cGo
s'g} lsl;dn] cg'lrt Jojxf/ ug{ jf u/fpg x'Fb}g .
#)!= c?sf] z/L/ vfgtnf;L ug{ gx'g] M -!_ sfg"g adf]lhd clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/L jf
lghsf] cfb]z jf ;'/Iffsf] k|of]hgsf nflu vl6Psf] JolQmn] clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Lsf]
cg'dltn] afx]s s;}n] ;DalGwt JolQmsf] :jLs[lt ljgf c?sf] z/L/, ;jf/L ;fwg jf
lghL k|of]usf j:t'x?sf] vfgtnf;L ug{ jf u/fpg x'Fb}g .
116
#)@= c?sf] cfjf;df cgflws[t k|j]z ug{ gx'g] M -!_ sfg"g adf]lhd clwsf/ k|fKt
clwsf/L jf lghsf] cfb]zn] afx]s s;}n] c?sf] 3/df ;DalGwt 3/ wgLsf] :jLs[lt
ljgf cglws[t ?kdf k|j]z ug{, 3/ wgL jf lghsf] kl/jf/sf] uf]Kotf eË ug{ jf
To:tf] 3/sf] vfgtnf;L ug{ jf u/fpg x'Fb}g .
:ki6Ls/0f M o; bkmfsf] k|of]hgsf nflu æ3/Æ eGgfn] s'g} JolQmn] a;f]af; u/]sf]
3/, lgjf;, cfjf;, sf]7f ;Demg' k5{ / ;f] zAbn] To:tf] JolQmn] /ft ljtfpg] u/L
a;]sf] xf]6]n sf]7f, lzlj/ / kfn ;d]tnfO{ hgfpF5 .
#)#= Ifltk"lt{ e/fO{ lbg' kg]{ M o; kl/R5]b adf]lhdsf] s;"/ u/L s;}n] s'g} nfe k|fKt
u/]sf] jf s;}nfO{ s'g} lsl;dsf] xflg, gf]S;fgL, x}/fgL jf Iflt k'¥ofPsf] /x]5 eg]
s;"/af6 To:tf] nfe, xflg, gf]S;fgL, x}/fgL jf Ifltsf] Ifltk"lt{ ;d]t e/fO{ lbg'
kg]{5 .
#)$= xbDofb M o; kl/R5]b cGtu{tsf] s;"/df s;"/ eP u/]sf] ldltn] tLg dlxgf gf3]kl5
ph'/ nfUg] 5}g .
kl/R5]b –@
ufnL a]OHhtL ;DaGwL s;"/
#)%= ufnL ug{ gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] s;}nfO{ ufnL ug{ x'Fb}g .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ sf] k|of]hgsf] nflu s;}n] s;}nfO{ xf]Rofpg] lgotn] af]nL jf
jrgn] ckdfghgs zAb k|of]u u/]df lghn] ufnL u/]sf] dflgg]5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ug]{ jf u/fpg] JolQmnfO{ Ps jif{;Dd s}b
#)^= a]OHhtL ug{ gx'g] M -!_ s;}n] s;}sf] a]OHhtL ug{ x'Fb}g .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ sf] k|of]hgsf] nflu s;}n] b]xfo adf]lhdsf] sfd u/]df lghn]
a]OHhtL u/]sf] dflgg]5 M–
-s_ c?sf] OHhtdf wSsf k'¥ofpg] lgotn] jf wSsf k'Ug ;S5
eGg] hfgLhfgL jf ljZjf; ug]{ dgfl;a sf/0f eO{ n]v]/,
117
cfr/0f jf cfsf/ jf lrXg jf k|rf/ k|;f/åf/f jf c? s'g}

lsl;daf6 k|ToIf jf ck|ToIf ?kn] To:tf]] JolQmnfO{ c?sf]
b[li6df lghsf] JolQmut rl/q, cfr/0f, g}ltstf jf VofltnfO{
xf]Rofpg] u/L rl/q xTof u/]df jf lghsf] z/L/ ;fdfGotM
3[l0ft cj:yfdf 5 eGg] c?nfO{ ljZjf; kg]{ u/L bf]if nufPdf
jf To:tf] bf]if nufPsf] s'/f k|rf/, k|;f/ jf k|sfzg u/]df jf
s;}sf] a]OHhtL x'g] ;fwgsf] ?kdf k|of]u ul/Psf] s'g} lrh
hfgLhfgL laqmL jf lat/0f u/]df,
-v_ d[tsnfO{ s'g} cfIf]k nufOPsf]df To:tf] cfIf]k nufpFbfsf
avt lgh hLljt /x]sf] eP lghsf] OHhtdf wSsf k'Ug] /x]5
eGg] hfgLhfgL lghsf] kl/jf/ jf glhssf] cGo gft]bf/x?sf]
efjgfdf rf]6 k'¥ofpg] lgotn] s'g} cfIf]k nufPsf]df,

-u_ ===============
-#_ pkbkmf -@_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg b]xfosf] sfdnfO{
a]OHhtL dflgg] 5}g M–
-s_ ;j{;fwf/0fsf] lxtsf] nflu k|df0f / cfwf/ ;lxt s'g} JolQm;Fu
;DalGwt ;fFrf]] s'/f k|sfzg jf k|zf/0f ug'{,
-v_ s'g} /fi6«;]jsn] cfk\mgf] cf]xbfsf] st{Jo kfngf ubf{ lghsf]
cfr/0fnfO{ lnP/ jf To:tf] cfr/0faf6 a'lemg];Ddsf] dfq
lghsf] rl/qnfO{ lnP/ c;n lgotn] dof{lbt 9Ëaf6 s'g} s'/f
k|sfzg ug'{,
-u_ s'g} JolQmsf] ;fj{hlgs kb jf cf]xf]bfsf] dxTj;Fu ;DaGw
/fVg] cfr/0f / To:tf]] cfr/0faf6 a'lemg];Ddsf] lghsf]
rl/qnfO{ lnP/ c;n lgotn] s'g} ljrf/ k|s6 ug'{,
-3_ s'g} s'/f ug]{ JolQmn] ;j{;fwf/0fsf] /fosf] nflu s'g} s'/f k]z
u/]sf]df To:tf] s'/fsf] u'0f jf bf]ifnfO{ lnP/ jf ;f] xb;Dd

118
dfq To:tf] s'/f ug]{ JolQmsf] rl/qnfO{ lnP/ c;n lgotn]

dof{lbt 9Ëaf6 s'g} ljrf/ k|s6 ug'{,
-ª_ s'g} JolQmsf] csf]{ s'g} JolQm pk/ sfg"gåf/f jf lgh;Fu ePsf]
s/f/åf/f s'g} clwsf/ ePsf]df lghn] ;f] clwsf/ ;DaGwL
sfd s'/fdf To:tf] JolQmsf] cfr/0fdf c;n lgotn] s'g} vf]6
nufpg',
-r_ sfg"g adf]lhd s'g} s;"/sf] cg';Gwfg ug'{ jf To:tf] cfwf/df
lghnfO{ sfg"g adf]lhd cleof]u nufpg',
-5_ s;}nfO{ lghsf] lxtsf] nflu, lghsf] :jfy{ ePsf] JolQmsf]
lxtsf] nflu jf ;j{;fwf/0fsf] lxtsf] nflu c? s'g} JolQmsf]
lj?4 ;ts{ kfg',{

-h_ ;fj{hlgs lxt, ;bfrf/ jf g}ltstfsf] nflu c;n lgotn]
s;}sf] s'g} sfo{, rl/q jf cfr/0fsf] ;DaGwdf Joª\Uo ug{ jf
cfwf/ / sf/0f ;lxt s'g} l6Kk0fL ug{ jf s'g} s'/f k|sfzg jf
k|;f/0f ug{ .
#)&= a]OHhtL u/]df x'g] ;hfo M -!_ s;}n] s;}sf] a]OHhtL u/] jf u/fPdf lghnfO{ b'O{
jif{;Dd s}b jf aL; xhf/ ?k}ofFF;Dd hl/afgf jf b'j} ;hfo x'g]5 .
t/ ljB'tLo jf cGo cfd ;~rf/sf dfWodaf6 a]OHhtL u/] jf u/fPdf To:tf]
;hfodf yk Ps jif{;Dd s}b / bz xhf/ ?k}ofFF;Dd hl/afgf x'g]5 .
-@_ s;}n] s;}nfO{ a]OHhtL u/] jf u/fPsf]] 7xl/Pdf a]OHhtL ul/Psf]
JolQmnfO{ s;"/sf] uDeL/tf, To:tf] JolQmsf] k|lti7fdf kg{ uPsf] c;/ tyf ljB'tLo
jf cGo cfd;~rf/sf dfWodaf6 a]OHhtL u/]sf] ePdf To:tf]] s'/f ;d]tnfO{ ljrf/
u/L s;"/bf/af6 dgfl;a Ifltk"lt{ / To:tf] JolQmnfO{ s;"/bf/af6 d'2fdf nfu]sf] vr{
;d]t e/fpg' kg]{5 .
-#_ dl/;s]sf] s'g} JolQmnfO{ o; kl/R5]b adf]lhd a]OHhtL u/]sf] 7xl/Pdf
s;"/bf/af6 To:tf] a]OHhtLaf6 efjgfdf rf]6 nfu]sf] lghsf] glhssf] xsjfnfnfO{
To:tf] Ifltk"lt{ / d'2fdf nfu]sf] vr{sf] /sd e/fO{ lbg' kg]{5 .

119
#)*= xbDofb M o; kl/R5]b cGtu{tsf] s;"/ ePsf] s'/f yfxf kfPsf] ldltn] tLg dlxgf
b|i6Jo
लामो शीर्षक, विधि धिमाषण सूत्र, दफा १ को उपदफा (१), दफा ३ को खण्ड (ढ) को उपखण्ड (३),
दफा ४ र दफा ५ बाहेक अन्यत्र ठाउँ ठाउँमा रहेको "ऐि" भन्ने शब्दको सट्टा "सं वहता" भन्ने शब्द राखी
रुपान्तर गररएको छ ।
120

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