Early History

David slew Goliath with a sling-shot. Since earliest times man has propelled stones or sharpened staves of
wood in order to hunt animals or fight his fellow kind.

Javelin is thus one of those fortunate events of modern Track and Field able to trace its lineage right back
to classical Greece, and to the Ancient Olympic Games of 776 BC to 395 AD. Although it is known that the
Sumerians, Phoenicians, Nubians, Assyrians and Egyptians were proficient with spears or javelins as
devices for hunting and warfare, it is generally believed that it was left to the Greeks to develop their use in
sport. At some venues, as depicted in Fig.1, javelins were thrown at a target from horse-back, but at
Olympia they were always thrown on foot, as shown in Figure 2.

In its ancient context javelin throwing was not an event in its own right It was the third event of
the Pentathlon, an all-rounder's event involving discus, long jump, javelin, running and wresting

Some authorities claim that the javelin, like the discus was thrown from a raised platform called
a balbis Since all agree that some form of short approach run was used it is difficult to visualize how the
balbis was involved without also endangering the thrower.

The javelins were about 184m/6ft long, lighter than everyday javelins, being made of elder wood as
opposed to cornel wood from which the hunting javelin was made. They were also blunt ended, at least for
practice purposes. A leather thong about 4Ocms/l5ins long, called an amentum, was doubled and wound
tightly around the centre shaft, leaving a loop into which the middle and index fingers were inserted The
grip on the thong was retained as the throw was made, making the javelin rotate about its long axis, and
giving it stability in flight, in much the same way that the rifling of a modern gun barrel affects the shell
which it projects. According to ancient rules the javelin had to land within a prescribed landing sector.
 JAVELIN RUNWAY DISTANCE, LENGTH, DIMENSIONS

The length of this runway is 36.5m but with a minimum length or 30m. It has a construction width of 4.3m

with a throwing arc with an 8m radius. The lines on the Javelin runway are normally 50mm wide and white

and the runway has 2 parallel lines which are 4m apart. Inspired Facilities and Sport England are now

giving away funding or grants for

javelin construction as part of the

Olympic Legacy with a view of

getting more children taking part or

being introduced to the sport.

EQUIPMENT / GEAR IN JAVELIN THROW

The Javelin
The size, shape, minimum weight, and center of gravity of the javelin
implement itself are all defined by IAAF rules. In international competition,
men throw a javelin between 2.6 and 2.7 meters in length and (at least)
800 grams in weight, and women throw a javelin between 2.2 and 2.3
meters in length and (at least) 600 grams in weight. The javelin is equipped
with a grip, approximately 150 mm wide, made of cord and located at the
javelin's center of gravity (0.9 to 1.06 meters or 0.8 to 0.92 meters from the
tip of the javelin for men's and women's implements, respectively).

Javelin shoes have to be strong and supple in the sole, subject to the
strain of spinning, with robust, semi-rounded edges for easy turning and
greater spin speed. Although lightweight, they have to bear the weight of
extra-large sized athletes, hence the strings are often supported by extra
strapping (velcro or similar).
Javelin; basic skills and techniques
Javelin is a sport that athletic in nature. The techniques of javelin throw could also be broken in to phrases.
These include:

1. The grip. In the finish hold, the whole finger is wrapped round the cord with the index finger straight at
the edge of the shaft and the javelin comfortably resting on the palm.

2. The carriage. The javelin is carried over the head at the initial stage of the run -up with the missile
carried slightly above the head level and the tip of the missile slightly pointing upwards.

3. Run- up. The purpose of the run-up is to enable the thrower gather enough momentum and get into the
throwing mood. The run-up can be divided into three parts.

4. The release. At this point of throw, the toe of the leading leg points
sideways. The body weight is slightly shifted to the rear leg, the free
hand slightly raised with the elbow pointing sideways and used to
maintain balance.

5. Follow through and recovery.

 RULES OF THE GAME

 The order of the competitors will be randomly drawn.

 If there are more than eight players, they may make three attempts each with three additional throws.
 If there is a tie in eighth place, competitors must make three more throws.
 Players may make two practice throws.
 Once the competition starts the players cannot use the impulse zone.
 Each competitor will be credited with the best of their throws.
 The use of hand bandages is not allowed unless the player has an injury.
 The player may wear a girdle to avoid damage to the spine.
 The javelin must be taken by the handle and thrown over the shoulder. Orthodox styles are not allowed.
 The throw will be invalidated if the tip of the javelin’s metal sheath fails to touch ground before any other
part of it.
 The player must not cross parallel lines.
 If the player touches the drawn lines with his body, he will be disqualified.
 The player may not leave the impulse zone until the javelin touches ground.
 An incorrect throw-in will be considered a rehearsal, but null.

The following rules are adhered to for a legal throw:

• Upon calling the athlete's name, they have sixty sec sixty seconds sixty seconds to commence the onds
throwing motion.

• The athlete may NOT wear gloves

• The throw is made with a pulling action of the arm.

• During the throw the athlete may not touch the scratch line or the ground outside the lines or the lines
which mark the runway

• The athlete must exit behind the scratch line ONLY AFTER his throw has landed
•The javelin must land inside the lines which mark the legal sector (28.96°) of the throwing area.

• A Fault will be called when an athlete:

• Does not begin the throwing movement within sixty seconds of having his or her name called.

• During the throwing motion, touches, with any part of the body (including shoes):

• the line bordering the runway

• the scratch line

• Throws a javelin which either falls outside the throwing sector or touches a touches a touches a sector
line on the initial impact.

• Leaves the runway before the javelin has landed.

• Does not exit from behind the scratch line.

Scoring

The javelin does not have to land with the point in the ground, but it has to land with the pointed tip facing
forward. The javelin also has to leave a noticeable mark in the ground within the boundaries of the
throwing field. Referees measure a throw's distance from the point of the javelin that is closest to the arc or
throw line.

Fouls

After each throw, a referee places a white flag for a fair throw or a red flag for a foul. Several types of fouls
exist. If a thrower's foot touches or crosses the throw line, he receives a foul. The thrower's foot cannot go
outside the lines of the runway. Throwers cannot turn their backs to the field from the time they get into
throwing position until the time of the javelin's release. The javelin has to be released using one hand only
and it must be thrown up and over the arm in a fluid movement. Throwers cannot leave the runway until
after the javelin lands.
 OFFICIALS

OFFICIALS

• A minimum of six (6) Officials are required, three (3) operating near the runway and three (3) in the field

CHIEF JUDGE

• Allocate Officials to the various positions

• Supervise the preparation of the area regarding safety, equipment and define the competition area

• Ensure that the facility complies with the rules of competition

• Watch for infringements along the runway and at the front of the arc

• Determine whether the javelin is held and thrown in accordance with the rules and ensure the javelin has
landed before the competitor leaves the runway

• Indicate a fair throw with a white flag and a foul throw with a red flag

• Advise the athlete of the reason for a foul • If the attempt is fair, will, after an indication by the sector
Official, read off the measurement of the throw

• Warn the athlete when advised by the Official timekeeping each throw that there is only fifteen (15)
seconds remaining of the one (1) minute allowed per trial

OFFICIAL ONE

• Stand approximately one (1) metre from the side of the runway at the sector / foot foul line

• Assist the Chief Judge by checking for foot fouls and raising a red flag to advise any infringement of the
rules

• Pull the tape through the centre of the circle of which the arc is part

OFFICIALS TWO AND THREE

• Operate in the field watching the sector lines and assist in determining the point of landing

• Stand one each side of the sector lines with the one nearest to the mark made by the implement to be the
person who marks the landing point regardless of who holds the spike

• Return the javelin to the competitors – the javelin MUST always be carried back to the runway and never
thrown

OFFICIAL FOUR

• Indicate a fair throw with a white flag and a foul throw with a red flag
• Determine the landing point where the point of the javelin first touched the ground 27 DRAFT Version 0.1
Sep12

• Move from the side without taking their eyes off the landing point and mark the point of landing nearest to
the runway with a spike holding the zero end of the tape

OFFICIAL FIVE

• Record the result on the result sheet and call up competitors (Distances are recorded to the nearest
centimetre below the distance measured if not a whole centimetre)

• Repeat the measurement called by the Chief Judge to ensure the measurement recorded is correct

• Time the trial and indicate with a yellow flag when the last fifteen (15) seconds remains for that trial
SAFETY

• If Officials are not competent do not run the event

• Adherence to correct safety procedures is essential

• Athletes should handle the javelin only when conducting javelin events

• Athletes not currently competing should be kept well away from the javelin runway and sector areas

• The sector judge and spotter should stand in a sensible position to avoid possible injury and should
always face the thrower

• After a throw, the javelin MUST be carried back and NEVER thrown

• Officials must maintain STRICT CONTROL over all throwing including ‘casual’ throwing during warm-up
and between competitions throws – athletes also have a safety responsibility.
 Handbook in Sports
(Hammer Throw)
A Requirement in Health Optimizing Physical Education
(H.O.P.E)

Researcher:

Names: Grade: 11
Damaso, Davey Jhane Section: ABM1104
Pilapil, Sherlyn
Sangalang, Cris

Track:
Hammer Throw

Submitted to:
Mrs. LADY LEE M. PEREZ
H.O.P.E Teacher
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

History …………………………………………………………………...I
Court Dimension/ Venue……………………………………………. II
Equipment/ Gear…………………………………………………… III
Skills …………………………………………………………………… IV
A. Technical Skills
b. Tactical Skills
Rules of the Game…………………………………………………….V
a. Violations
b. Penalty
c. Scoring
Officials………………………………………………………………….VI
 Researcher’s Information

Name: Christine T. Bagunas

Birthday: February 24, 2003
Address: Baclas, Calaca, Batangas
Parents
Father: Manuel P. Bagunas
Mother: Edna T. Bagunas

Educational Background
Daycare: Morning Star Day Care Center
Kindergarten: Baclas Elementary School
Elementary: Baclas Elementary School
Junior High School: Payapa National High School
Senior High School: Calaca Senior High School

Adviser: Maricris L. Salazar

 Researcher’s Information

Name: Mikaela Diane Segunial

Birthday: June 14, 2003
Address: Coral ni Lopez, Calaca, Batangas
Parent
Mother: Jennifer C. Segunial

Educational Background
Kindergarten: Sugod Elementary School
Elementary: Calantas Elementary School
Junior High School: Dacanlao Gregorio Agoncillo National High School
Senior High School: Calaca Senior High School

Adviser: Maricris L. Salazar

 Researcher’s Information

Name: Cybell B. Carandang

Birthday: October 10, 2002
Address: Caybunga, Balayan, Batangas
Parents
Father: Arnold T. Carandang
Mother: Marilyn B. Carandang

Educational Background
Day Care: Carnation Day Care Center
Kindergarten: Sampaga Elementary School
Elementary: Sampaga Elementary School
Junior High School: Dacanlao Gregorio Agoncillo National High School
Senior High School: Calaca Senior High School

Adviser: Maricris L. Salazar