SUPPLIMENTARY Paper 3 – Set B

MODEL SOLUTIONS

16th NATIONAL CERTIFICATION EXAMINATION

FOR
ENERGY MANAGERS & ENERGY AUDITORS – September, 2015

PAPER – 3: Energy Efficiency in Electrical Utilities

Date: 20.09.2015 Timings: 0930-1230 HRS Duration: 3 HRS Max.

Marks: 150

Section – I: OBJECTIVE TYPE Marks: 50 x 1 = 50

i) Answer all 50 questions

ii) Each question carries one mark
iii) Please hatch the appropriate oval in the OMR answer sheet with Black
Pen or HB pencil

1. Which loss in a distribution transformer is dominating; if the transformer is loaded

at 68% of its rated capacity

a) core loss b) copper loss c) hysteresis loss d) magnetic field loss

2. In a rolling mill, the loading on transformer was 1200 kVA with the power factor of
0.86. The plant improved the power factor to 0.98 by adding capacitors. What is the
reduction in kVA

a) 1053 b) 147 c) 24 d) nil

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SUPPLIMENTARY Paper 3 – Set B

3. A 22 kW, 415 kV, 45A, 0.8 PF, 1475 RPM, 4 pole 3 phase induction motor operating
at 420 V, 40 A and 0.8 PF. What will be the rated efficiency

a) 85.0% b) 94.5% c) 89.9% d) 88.2%

4. A 4 pole 50 Hz 3 phase induction motor has a full load slip of 5 %. The full load speed
is:

a) 750 b) 1425 c) 1500 d) 1475

5. In a no load test of a poly-phase induction motor, the measured power by the

wattmeter consists of:

a) core loss b) copper loss

c) core loss, windage & friction loss d) stator copper loss, iron loss,
windage & friction loss
6. If the observed temperature in air receiver is higher than ambient air temperature
the correction factor for free air delivery will be:

a) less than one b) greater than one c) equal to one d)equal to zero

7. If the COP of a vapour compression system is 3.5 and the motor draws power of
10.8 kW at 90% motor efficiency, the cooling effect of vapour compression system
will be:

a) 34 kW b) 37.8 kW c) 0.36 kW d) none of the

above

8. Star – delta starter of an induction motor

a) reduces voltage by inserting resistance in rotor circuit

b) reduces voltage by inserting resistance in stator circuit
c) reduces voltage through a transformer
9. The adsorption material used in an adsorption air dryer for compressed air is
d) reduces the supply voltage due to change in connection configuration

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SUPPLIMENTARY Paper 3 – Set B

a) calcium chloride b) magnesium chloride c) activated alumina d) potassium

chloride
10. If the speed of a reciprocating pump is reduced by 50 %, the head

a) is reduced by 50% b) is reduced by 12.5%

c) remains same d) none of the above
11. The unit of specific humidity of air is:

a) grams moisture/kg of dry air b) moisture percentage in air

c) grams moisture/kg of air d) percentage
12. The cooling tower size is _____________ with the entering WBT when heat load,
range and approach are constant.

a) directly proportional b) inversely proportional c) constant d)

none of above
13. Calculate the density of air at 11400 mmWC absolute pressure and 650C. (Molecular
weight of air: 28.92 kg/kg mole and Gas constant:847.84 mmWC m3/kg mole K)

a) 1.2 kg/m3 b) 1.5 kg/m3 c) 1.15 kg/m3 d) none of the

above
14. A spark ignition engine is used for firing which type of fuels:

a) high speed diesel b) light diesel oil c) natural gas d)

furnace oil
15. A DG set consumes 70 litres per hour of diesel oil. If the specific fuel consumption of
this DG set is 0.33 litres/ kWh at that load, then what is the kVA loading of the set at
0.8 PF?

a) 212 kVA b) 265 kVA c) 170 kVA d) none of the above

16. The nomenclature T2,T5,T8 and T12 for fluorescent lamps are categorized based
on

a) diameter of the tube b) length of the tube

c) both diameter and length of the tube d) power consumption

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SUPPLIMENTARY Paper 3 – Set B

17. A hotel building has four floors each of 1000 m2 area. If the interior lighting power
allowance for the hotel building is 43000W, the Lighting Power Density (LPD) is:

a) 10.75 b) 0.09 c) 43 d) data insufficient

18. The percentage reduction in distribution loses when tail end power factor raised
from 0.85 to 0.95 is

a) 10.1% b)19.9% c)71% d)84%

19. The inexpensive way to improving energy efficiency of a motor which operates
consistently at below 40% of rated capacity is by _____.

a) operating in star mode b) replacing with correct sized motor

c) operating in delta mode d) none
20. Higher COP can be achieved with_____.

a) lower evaporator temperature and higher condenser temperature

b) higher evaporator temperature and Lower condenser temperature
c) higher evaporator temperature and higher condenser temperature
d) lower evaporator temperature and Lower condenser temperature
21. Installing larger diameter pipe in pumping system results in

a) increase in static head b) decrease in static head

c) increase in frictional head d) decrease in frictional head
22. Friction losses in a pumping system is

a) inversely proportional to flow b) inversely proportional to cube

of flow
c) proportional to square of flow d) inversely proportional square of
flow
23. Installation of Variable frequency drives (VFD) allows the motor to be operated with

a) constant current b) lower start-up current c) higher voltage

d)none of the above
24. The indicator of cooling tower performance is best assessed by

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SUPPLIMENTARY Paper 3 – Set B

a) wet bulb temperature b) dry bulb temperature c) range d)

approach
25. L / G ratio in cooling tower is the ratio of

a) length and girth b) length and gradient of temperature

c) water mass flow rate and air mass flow rate d) water volume flow rate and air
volume flow rate
26. Ignitors are used for starting

a) FTL b) CFL c) metal halide d) none of the

above
27. Lower power factor of a DG set demands

a) lower excitation currents b) no change in excitation currents

c) higher excitation currents c) none of the above
28. Speed of the rotor of an induction motor is always

a) greater than its synchronous speed b) less than its synchronous speed
c) equal to its synchronous speed d)integer multiple of its synchronous
speed
29. Trivector meter measures three vectors representing

a) active, reactive and maximum demand b) active, power factor and

apparent power
c) active, harmonics and maximum demand d) active, reactive and apparent
power
30. The capacitor size in kVAr required to improve power factor from 0.90 to unity for
900 kW Load will be

a) 720 kVAr b) 436 kVAr c) 485 kVAr d) none of the

above
31. The actual measured load of 1000 k VA transformer is 400 k VA . Find out the total
transformer loss corresponding to this load if no load loss is 1500 Watts and full
load Copper Loss is 12,000 Watts

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SUPPLIMENTARY Paper 3 – Set B

a) 1920 watts b) 1500 watts c) 3420 watt d) 13500

watts
32. Illuminance of a surface is expressed in

a) radians b) lux c) lumens d) LPD

33. What is the function of drift eliminators in cooling towers

a) maximize water and air contact b) capture water droplets escaping with
air stream
c) enables entry of air to the cooling tower d) eliminates uneven distribution of
water into the cooling tower
34. In a large compressed air system, about 70% to 80% of moisture in the compressed
air is removed at the

a) air dryer b) after cooler c) air receiver d) inter cooler

35. If EER of One Ton Split AC is 3.5, what is its power rating?

a) 1.0 k W b) 1.5 kW c) 0.8 kW d) None of the above

36. A 100 kVAr capacitor rated for 415 Volts is connected across a load with 390 Volts
normal supply. The effective kVAr will be

a)100 b) 93.98 c) 88.31 d) none of the above

37. Slip power recovery system is applicable in case of

a) squirrel cage induction motor. b) wound rotor motor c) synchronous motor d)

DC shunt motor
38. FAD of a compressor means discharge at

a) standard temperature conditions at suction b) actual temperature

conditions at suction
c) standard temperature conditions at delivery d) actual temperature
conditions at delivery
39. The illuminance of a lamp at one meter distance is 10 Lm/m2. What will be the
corresponding value at 0.7 meter distance

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SUPPLIMENTARY Paper 3 – Set B

a)14.28 b) 20.41 c) 10 d) None of these

40. Power factor Improvement will result in

a) reduction in active power b) reduction in active current

c) reduction in reactive power d) all the above
41. Humidification involves

a) reducing wet bulb temperature and specific humidity

b) reducing dry bulb temperature and specific humidity
c) increasing wet bulb temperature and decreasing specific humidity
d) reducing dry bulb temperature and increasing specific humidity
42. The fan system resistance is predominately due to

a) more bends used in the duct b) more equipments in the system

c) volume of air handled d) density of air
43. Flow control by damper operation in fan system will

a) increase energy consumption b) reduce energy

consumption
c) reduce system resistance d) none of the above
44. In three phase transformer, the load current is 139.1A, and secondary voltage is
415V. The rating of the transformer would be ___________.

a) 50 kVA b) 57.72 kVA c) 100 kVA d) 173 kVA

45. Occupancy linked Control can be achieved using

a) ultrasonic sensors b) acoustic sensors c) infrared sensors d) all the above

46. Power factor is highest in case of

a) sodium vapour lamps b) mercury vapour lamps c) fluorescent lamps d)

incandescent lamps
47. The percentage imbalance when line-line voltages are 415 V, 418 V and 408 V is

a) 1.047% b) 0.32% c) 1.44% d) none of the above

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SUPPLIMENTARY Paper 3 – Set B

48. A 50 hp motor with a full load efficiency rating of 90 percent was metered and
found to be operating at 25 kW. The percent Motor Load is
a) 75% b) 50% c) 60% d) 25%
49. Time of the Day metering (TOD) is a way to

a) reduce the peak demand of the distribution company b) increase the revenue of
the distribution company
c) increase the peak demand d) increase the maximum
demand in a industry
50. Pumps of different sizes can run in parallel provided their…….. are similar

a) static head b) discharge head c) closed valve heads

d) none of these

…….……. End of Section – I ………..….

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SUPPLIMENTARY Paper 3 – Set B

Section – II: SHORT DESCRIPTIVE QUESTIONS Marks: 8

x 5 = 40

(i) Answer all Eight questions

(ii) Each question carries Five marks

S-1 The input power to a fan is 40kW for a 3125 Nm /hr fluid flow. The fan
pulley diameter is 375mm. If the flow to be reduced by 15% by changing
the fan pulley, what should be the diameter of fan pulley and power input
to fan.
Solution:
1 Input power to fan kW 40
2 Fluid flow Nm3/hr 3125
3 Diameter of Fan pulley (mm) 375
4 Governing Equation is N1D1=N2D2 Eqn-1
5 N2 = 0.85N1 given

From Eqn-1 D2=(D1)*(N1/N2); = 441.2m

6 (375)*(N1/0.85N1) m
(KW1/KW2) = (N13/N23);
Hence, KW2=(N2/N1)3*(KW1 ) =(0.85
7 N1/N1)*(40) 24.6KW
So Power requirement for fan will be 24.6 kW.
Fan pulley to be changed to 441.2 mm diameter.
S-2 The following single line diagram depicts the location of a 130 kW heater
load and a 220 kW motor (which is 200 metres away from the 415V, LT
bus). The main incoming line power factor of the system is 0.82 lag.
Calculate the rating of capacitors to improve PF of main incoming line to
0.95 lag.

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SUPPLIMENTARY Paper 3 – Set B

Ans:
Total Inductive load requiring PF compensation=220kW (since the other
130 kW is a resistive load)
Operating PF cos ϕ1= 0.82 lag.
Desired PF cos ϕ2= 0.95 lag
-1 -1
kVAr required=kW((tan(cos ϕ1)-tan(cos ϕ2))

-1 -1
=220(tan (cos 0.82)-tan (cos 0.95))
=220( tan(34.92)-tan(18.19))
=220(0.698-0.329)
=220(0.369)
=81.2 kVAr

S-3 State five possible methods of electrical demand management in a plant

electrical system to minimize maximum demand.

Ans

i. Rescheduling operation time period of loads

ii. Storage of products, in process material or utilities such as

refrigeration

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SUPPLIMENTARY Paper 3 – Set B

iii. Shedding of non-essential loads

iv. Reactive Power Compensation

v. Operation of Captive Power Generator

S-4 Match the following with respect to energy efficient compressed air
system.
Lower the dew point of the
A1 After Cooler B1 compressed air discharge
As cool as possible for
maximum energy Locate at the bottom of lines at
A2 efficiency B2 required intervals
Remove heat of compression from
A3 Refrigerant Drier B3 last stage of compression

A4 Air receiver B4 Compressor Air Intake

Compressed air line Dampen flow pulsations and helps
A5 drain traps B5 compressed air peak demands
Ans

A1-B3; A2-B4; A3-B1; A4-B5; A5-B2

S-5 In a DG set, the generator is rated at 1000 kVA, 415V, 1390 A, 0.8 PF, 1500
RPM. The full load specific energy consumption of this DG set as measured
by the energy auditor is 3.8 kWh per liter of fuel and air drawn by the DG
set is 14 kg/kg of fuel. The energy auditor has recommended a waste heat
recovery (WHR) system. Also the auditor indicated that the waste heat
recovery potential is 1.98 x105 kCal/hr at the existing engine exhaust gas
temperature of 483oC.

Estimate the exhaust temperature to chimney after installation of

proposed WHR system. The specific gravity of fuel oil is 0.86 and specific
heat of flue gas is 0.25 kCal/kg 0C.

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SUPPLIMENTARY Paper 3 – Set B

Solution:

1
Rated kVA of Diesel Generator (given) 1000
2
Rated kW @ 0.8 PF 1*(0.8pf) 800
3
Specific fuel consumption (kwh/lts) 3.8
(given)
4 Specific gravity of fuel oil (given) 0.86
5 Oil consumption at full load in kg/hr((2*4)/3) 181
(800/3.8)x 0.86
6 Air supplied per kg of fuel (kg) (given) 14
7 Mass of flue gas per kg of fuel 15
(14+1)
8 Mass of flue gas kg per hour (7*5) 2715
(15x 181)
9 waste heat recovery potential kCal/hr 198000
(given)
10 Delta T across waste heat recovery system 291.71
(Heat kCal/hr)/(mass of flue gas
kg/hr*specific heat, kcal/kg0C)
(198000/(2715x0.25)
Present Flue gas temp. or temp. before 483
11 waste heat recovery system (given)
12 Exit flue gas temp. after waste heat recovery 191.29
system
(483 – 291.71)
S-6
List five energy saving measures for air conditioning system.

Solution:

 Insulate all cold lines / vessels using economic insulation thickness to

minimize heat gains.

 Optimize air conditioning volumes by measures such as use of false

ceiling and segregation of critical areas for air conditioning by air
curtains.

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SUPPLIMENTARY Paper 3 – Set B

Minimize the air conditioning loads by measures such as

 roof cooling,
 roof painting,
 efficient lighting,
 pre-cooling of fresh air by air- to-air heat exchangers
 Variable volume air system
 Optimal thermo-static setting of temperature of air conditioned
spaces
 Sun film application

Minimize the process heat loads by measures involving TR reduction and

refrigeration temperature level reduction
 Flow optimization
 Heat transfer area increase to accept higher temperature coolant
 Avoid wastages by heat gains
 Avoid wastages by loss of chilled water
 Avoid wastages by ideal flows.
 Frequent cleaning and descaling of all heat exchangers

At refrigeration and AC plant area

 Minimize part load operations by matching loads and plant capacity

on line; adopt variable speed drives for varying load.
 Ensure regular maintenance of all AC plant component as per
manufacturers guide lines.
 Ensure adequate quantity of chilled water flows, cooling water flows
 Avoid by pass flow by closing valves of ideal equipments
 Adopt VAR system where economics permit as non CFC solutions
 Make efforts to continuously optimize condenser and evaporator
parameters for minimizing specific energy consumption and
maximizing capacity

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SUPPLIMENTARY Paper 3 – Set B

S-7 The total system resistance of a piping loop is 60 meters and the static
head is 20 meters at designed water flow. Calculate the system resistance
offered at 85%, 65% and 35% of water flow
Solution:

Total System Resistance of piping loop: 60m

Static Head :20 m
So, Dynamic Head at designed water flow: 40 m

Dynamic Head
Flow Static Head Total
Sl. No. (m)
% (m) Resistance (m)
= 40x (%flow)2
1 85.0% 28.9 20 48.9
2 65.0% 16.9 20 36.9
3 35.0% 4.9 20 24.9

S-8 Define Lux and Luminous efficacy.

Ans
Lux (lx) is the illuminance produced by a luminous flux of one
lumen, uniformly distributed over a surface area of one square meter. It is
also defined as the International System unit of illumination, equal to one
lumen per square meter.

Luminous efficacy is defined as the ratio of luminous flux emitted by

a lamp to the power consumed by the lamp. Efficacy is energy efficiency
of conversion from electricity to light form.

………..……. End of Section - II ………….….

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SUPPLIMENTARY Paper 3 – Set B

Section – III: LONG DESCRIPTIVE QUESTIONS Marks: 6 x 10 = 60

(i) Answer all Six questions

(ii) Each question carries Ten marks

L-1 a) List the design improvements that have been incorporated in Energy
Efficient motors to increase operating efficiency over standard motors?

b) The power input to a three phase induction motor is 45 kW. If the

induction motor is operating at a slip of 2% and with total stator losses of
2.1 kW, find the total mechanical power developed

Solution:

a) Following design modifications have been done in EEMs : Use

of lower loss silicon steel
a. A longer core
b. Thicker wire
c. Thinner lamination
d. Smaller air gap between rotor ans stator
e. Use of copper
f. Superior bearings
g. Smaller fan

b)
Stator input: 45kW
Stator losses: 2.1 kW
Stator output: 45 - 2.1= 42.9 kW
OR Rotor Input= 42.9 kW

Slip= 2%
Mechanical Power Output = ( 1-S) x Rotor Input = (1-0.02) x 42.9

= 42.04 kW

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SUPPLIMENTARY Paper 3 – Set B

L-2 a) In a chemical industry, cooling water of 9000 m3/hr and 6000 m3/hr
from two independent heat exchangers with temperature of 410C
and 520C respectively are fed to one cooling tower after proper
mixing at top basin. If measured heat rejection by the cooling tower
is 45000TR, calculate effectiveness and evaporation loss of the
cooling tower at 320C WBT.
b) In an air conditioning duct 0.5 m x 0.5 m, the average velocity of air
measured by vane anemometer is 28 m/s. The static pressure at
suction of the fan is -20 mmWC and at the discharge is 30 mmWC.
The three phase induction motor draws 10.8 A at 415 V with a power
factor of 0.9. Find out efficiency of the fan if motor efficiency = 90%
(neglect density correction)

Solution:
a)
Sl. Stream Stream
Particulars
No. 1 2
1 Flow Rate (m3/hr) (given) 9000 6000
2 Temp. 0C (given) 41 52
3
3 Mix. Flow Rate (m /Hr) (Sl.1 +2) 15000
4 Mix. Hot Water Temp. 0C
[(Flow1 * Temp. 1) + (Flow 2
45.4
*Temp. 2)]/
(Flow1 + Flow 2)
5 Heat Rejection (TR) (given) 45000
6 Range of Cooling Tower 0C:
(Heat Rejection TR * 3024) / 9.072
(Flow M3/hr * 1000)
7 WBT 0C (given) 32
8 Cold Water Temp. 0C
36.328
(Mix. Hot Water Temp. – Range)
9 Approach 0C (Cold Water Temp. –
4.328
WBT)
10 Effectiveness
67.7
(Range/ (Range + Approach))
Evaporation Loss (m3/hr) 208.2

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SUPPLIMENTARY Paper 3 – Set B

11 = 0.00085*1.8*Mix. Flow
m3/hr*Range
b)
1 Area of the Duct: (0.5*0.5) m2 0.25
2 Avg. velocity (m/s) (given) 28
3
3 Air Flow (m /s) (Sl. 1* Sl. 2) 7
4 Suction static Pr. (mmWC)
-20
(given)
5 Discharge Static Pr. (mmWC)
30
(given)
6 Power drawn by the motor (kW):
6.99
(1.732 * 415*10.8*0.8/1000)
7 Air Power kW:
= Flow (m3/s)* (Dis. Pr – Suc. Pr.) 3.43
mmWC /102
8 Power to fan Shaft kW
(Motor Drawn power * Motor eff. 6.29
of 90%)
9 Fan Static Eff. (%)
54.57
= Air Power*100%/Shaft Input
L-3 One of the process industries has installed 18 MW cogeneration plant.
The Cogeneration plant maximum condenser load is 7 MW and the
extraction steam of 57 TPH is used for process and also for vapour
absorption machine. The condenser heat load is 550 Kcal/kg of steam and
the steam rate is 5 kg/KW for condenser power. The heat load of VAM in
127 Kcal/min/TR and the capacity of VAM is 1100 TR. Estimate cooling
tower heat load in Kcal/hr. If the tower is designed for 8oC range,
calculate the water flow in cooling tower. The design approach
temperature of the CT is 5oC.
Ans. Condenser load = 7 MW
Steam rate for condenser = 5 kg/KW

Total steam required for condenser power = 7000 X 5 = 35000

Kg/hr.

Condenser heat load = 35000 x 550 = 19250000 Kcal/hr.

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SUPPLIMENTARY Paper 3 – Set B

Heat load of VAM = 1100 x 127 x 60 = 8382000 Kcal/hr.

Total heat load = 19250000 + 8382000 = 27632000 Kcal/hr.

Range of tower = 8deg C

Cooling water Flow required=27632000/8=3454000 lts or 3454 m3

L-4 Compare the performance of centrifugal chiller with vapour absorption

chiller using the data given below:

Sl. Centrifugal
Parameter VAM
No. Chiller
1 Chilled water flow (m3/h) 192 183
2 Condenser water flow (m3/h) 245 360
3 Chiller inlet water temperature (0C) 13 14.5
4 Condenser water inlet temperature
28 32
(0C)
5 Chiller outlet water temperature (0C) 7.8 9.2
6 Condenser water outlet temperature
36.2 40.7
(0C)
7 Chilled water pump consumption
32 31
(kW)
8 Condenser water pump consumption
38 52
(kW)
9 Cooling tower fan consumption (kW) 9 22

If the compressor of centrifugal chiller consumes 220 kW, the steam

consumption for VAM is 1620 kg/Hr. calculate the following:

i) Refrigeration load delivered (TR) for both systems?

ii) Condenser Heat load (TR) for both systems?
iii) Compare auxiliary power consumption for both systems, give
reason?
iv) If electricity cost is Rs.5.0/kWh and steam cost is Rs.0.35/kg
compare the operating cost for both systems.

18
SUPPLIMENTARY Paper 3 – Set B

Solution:

Compression Chiller vs VAM

Sl. Parameter Centrifugal VAM

No. Chiller
1 Refrigeration load delivered
(TR)
330.16 320.73
= Mass of Chilled water
flowx Specific heat *
2 Condenser
Delta T of Chilledheatwaterload
delivered
= [Sl. (TR) No.1 m3/hr *
3 0 664.35 1035.71
= Mass
1000kg/m of condenser
*1 kcal/kgwaterC*
flow
(Sl. No. x Specific
3. – Sl. heat No. 5)*
3 Auxiliary
Delta
]/3024 T of condenser Power 79 105
Consumption
water (kW) =
4 The
(Sl.
= No. auxiliarySl.power
[Sl. 7 +No.2 8 +consumption
No. m 3
Sl. No.*
/hr in case of VAM system
is higher because
9) 1000kg/m 3 heat 0rejection
*1 kcal/kg C* in VAM condenser is
comparatively
(Sl. Energy – higher
Sl. No.than
No. 6Consumption: 4) centrifugal chiller with
5 Total 284 kW Auxiliary
approximate
]/3024 similar cooling load.
Power of
(Auxiliary 105 kW
Power of and Steam
79kW and consumpti
Chiller on of 1620
6 Operating Energy Cost per consumption Rs. 1420/- Rskg/hr
1092/-
Hour of Operation of 205 kW)
(105 * 5 =
Rs. 525/-
(284 * 5 = plus 1620 *
Rs. 1420/-) 0.35 = Rs.
1092/-)

L-5 In a diary plant 3 numbers of cooling water pumps, identical in

characteristics are installed in parallel to supply cooling. During normal
operation two of the pumps are operational while one pump is on
standby. All pump combinations develop a discharge pressure of 3.4
kg/cm2 (a). The installed water flow meter at the common header during
an energy audit reads the following:

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SUPPLIMENTARY Paper 3 – Set B

Operating Pump Flow Rate

No. (m3/hr)
Pump No 1 & 2 525
Pump No 2 & 3 555
Pump No 3 & 1 540

The power drawn by motors of cooling water pump 1, 2 & 3 are 30 kW,
33 kW & 31 kW respectively. While the operating motor efficiency for
pump no. 1 & 2 is 92% the motor efficiency for pump no. 3 is 91.5%. If
the water level in suction of all pumps is 3 meter below pump central line
calculate the following:

i) Individual pump efficiencies

ii) Specific energy consumption (kWh/m3)
iii) Which is the best operating pump combination
Solution:

Let flow of pump 1,2 &3 be X, Y and Z respectively.

From given:

X + Y = 525 ---------(1)
Y + Z = 555---------(2)
X + Z = 540 ---------(3)

Subtracting eqn (1) from eqn (2):

Z - X= 30 --------(4)

Adding eqn (3) and eqn (4):

2Z = 570
Z= 285

Putting Z value in eqn (2) and (3):

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SUPPLIMENTARY Paper 3 – Set B

Y = 270 and X = 255

Therefore, individual pump flow rates are: 255 m3/hr, 270m3/hr and 285
m3/hr respectively.

Pump Ref: 1 2 3
A) Flow Rate (M3/hr) (calculated) 255 270 285
B) Discharge Head (m) =3.4 kg/cm2 (a)
= 2.4 kg/cm2 (g) =24 m (given) 24 24 24
C)Suction Head (m) (g) (given) -3 -3 -3
D)Total Head (Discharge Head - Suction
Head)* (B-C) 27 27 27
E)Liquid kW [flow (m3/s)*total head
(m)*density (1000 kg./m3) * 9.81
(m/s2)/1000] 18.76 19.87 20.97
F)Power Drawn by motor kW (given) 30 33 31
G)Motor eff. % (given) 92.0% 92.0% 91.5%
H)Pump input power kW (FxG) 27.6 30.4 28.4
67.97 65.36 73.83
I)Pump eff. % (E/H) % % %
J) Specific Energy Consumption (kWh/M3) 0.117 0.122 0.108
(F/A) 6 2 7

Pump No. 1 & 3 are the best performing operating combination.

Note:
*The total head has been calculated subtracting Discharge Gauge
pressure from suction gauge pressure. The candidates can also calculate
total head as difference of absolute pressures as follows:

Discharge Head= 3.4 kg/cm2 (a)

Suction Head = 1- 0.3 kg/cm2 = 0.7 kg/cm2
Total Head Developed = 3.4 – 0.7 = 2.7 kg/cm2 = 27 m

L-6 a) Calculate the ventilation rate for an engine room of 20m length, 10.5m
width and 15m height; if the recommended Air Changes per Hour (ACH)
21
SUPPLIMENTARY Paper 3 – Set B

is 25.

b) Air at 30,000 m3/hr and at 1.2 kg/m3 density is flowing into an air
handling unit of an inspection room. The enthalpy difference between
the inlet and outlet air is 2.38 kcal/kg. If the motor draws 26.5 kW with an
efficiency of 90%, find out the kW/TR of the refrigeration system. (1 Cal =
4.18 J.).

Solution:

a) Ventilation Rate:

Room Length (m) 20

Room Height (m) 15
Room Width (m) 10.5
Air Changes per Hr (ACH) 25
ventilation rate (m3/Hr) =
Length (m) * Height (m) * Width (m) * ACH 78750

b)
Refrigeration tonnes Q x x (h2-h1)
30000 x 1.2 x (2.38) kcal/kg
85680 kcal/hr

TR 85680 /3024
28.3 TR

Power input to the compressor 26.5 x 0.9= 23.85 kW

kW/TR 28.3/23.85 = 1.19

-------- End of Section - III -----

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