Draw the T-S diagram and P-V diagram for simple Rankine cycle with superheated steam.

d) Draw the Block Diagram of a Regenerative vapour cycle.

e) What are the four basic components of a steam power plant?
(d) Define specific steam consumption or steam rate of an ideal Rankine cycle.
(f) Explain Regenerative feed heating in a steam cycle.

(h) Compare the Rankine cycle with Carnot cycle in terms of efficiency and Work ratio.
(e) Why is carnot cycle not practicable for a steam power plant.?
(f) Draw the block diagram of Reheat cycle.
(g) List the advantages of regenerative cycle .

What are advantages of multi stage air compressor over single stage compressor
What are the uses of compressed air?
g) What is the meaning of perfect intercooling in an air compressor?
h) Define Volumetric Efficiency of an air compressor
(g) What is perfect inter cooling in a multistage compressor?
(h) Explain free air Delivery of a compressor.
(c) When is multistage compressor used for air ? What are its advantage?
(d) Explain the effect of inter cooling in a multistage reciprocating compressor.

f) What are the advantages of centrifugal air compressors?

Discuss pre-whirl vanes and slip factor with respect to centrifugal
compressor.
Explain the process of Pressure rise in a Centrifugal Compressor.
What is Slip factor in Centrifugal compressor?

(e) State Amagat’s Law of partial volume and Gibb’s Dalton Law.

i) State Gibbs Daltons law for gas Mixtures.

i) Define mean effective pressure, and air standard cycle efficiency?

j) Draw the P-V and T-S diagram for the dual cycle?

Define Indicated power of an I.C. Engine.

Define indicated power as applied to I.C engines.

Define Brake power as applied to I.C. engines.
(i) Draw P-V and T- s diagram of dual combustion cycle.
(j) Explain the indicator diagram of internal combustion engine.
Define compression ratio in ideal gas cycles.

(a) What are the various methods to improve efficiency of Rankine cycle.

(a) Derive an expression for work required for single stage reciprocating air compressor neglecting clearance
volume.
(b) A double-acting, single cylinder air compressor runs at 100 r.p.m. The air is compressed from an initial
pressure of 100 kPa (1 bar) to a delivery pressure of 750 kPa (75 bar). The stroke volume is 0.15 m 3 and law of
compression and expansion is pv1.25 = C. If the clearance volume is 1/18th of the stroke volume. Calculate: (a)
Volumetric efficiency (b) the volume of air taken in per stroke, and (c) the indicated power of the compressor.
(5+9)
A three stage single acting reciprocating air compressor has a L.P. cylinder of 450 mm bore and 300 mm stroke.
The clearance volume of the LP cylinder is 5% of the swept volume . Intake pressure and temperature are 1 bar
and 18 oC respectively, while the delivery pressure is 15 bar.
Intermediate pressures are ideal and intercooling is perfect. The compression and expansion index can be taken as
1.3. Estimate (7+7)
(a) the intermediate pressures,
(b) the work done per kg of air , Take R= 0.29 kJ/kgK

The intake conditions of a single acting two stage air compressor running at 300 rpm are 0.98 bar and 305K. The
delivery pressure is 20 bar. The intermediate pressure is 5 bar and the clearance volume of the low pressure
compressor is 4 % of the stroke volume. The compressor delivers 3 m3/min at 1 bar, 25o C. Determine
(a) the power required to drive the compressor.
(b) the low pressure cylinder dimensions if L=D, and
(c) isothermal efficiency when the inter cooling is perfect and the index n=1.3 for compression and expansion in
both the cylinders. (14Marks)

A two stage , single acting air compressor delivers 0.07 m 3 of free air / sec
( free air conditions are 101.325 kN /m2 and 15 o C ). Intake air conditions
are 95 kN /m2 and 22 o C. Delivery pressure for the compressor is 1300 kN /m2 .
The intermediate pressure is ideal and there is perfect inter-cooling.
The compression index is 1.25 in both cylinders. The overall mechanical and
electrical efficiency is 75 %. Neglecting clearance, Determine
(i) the energy input to the driving motor.
(ii) the heat transfer in the intercooler /sec.
(iii) the percentage saving in work by using a two stage intercooled compressor over
that of using a single stage compressor.
Take Cp = 1.006 KJ /kg k R =0.287 KJ/kg K

A vessel of 1.8 m3 capacity contains oxygen at 8 bar and 50°C. The vessel is
connected to another vessel of 3.6 m3 capacity containing carbon monoxide at 1 bar and 20°C. A connecting
valve is opened and the gases mix adiabatically. Calculate (i) The final temperature and (ii)pressure of the mixture
(Take : For oxygen Cv = 21.07 kJ/mole K. For carbon monoxide Cv = 20.86 kJ/mole K Universal gas constant,
R=8314J/
7. a) State Dalton’s Law of Partial Pressure (3)

b) An exhaust Gas is analysed and is found to contain by volume78% N2, 12% CO2
and 10 % O2 . What is the corresponding gravimetric analysis?
Calculate the Molar Mass of the Mixture and the density if the temperature is
550 oC and the total Pressure is 1 bar. kg K ).
A mixture is made up of 25% N2, 35 % O2 , 20 % CO2 and 20 % CO by volume. Calculate
(a) the molar mass of the mixture.
(b) Cp~ and Cv ~ for the mixture
(c) ỳ for the mixture
(e) the partial pressure of each constituent when the total pressure is 1.5 Bar
(f) the density of the mixture at 1.5 bar and 150 C

(a) State Dalton’s Law of partial pressure. (4)

(b) Two vessels are connected by a pipe in which there is a valve. One vessel
of 0.3 m3 contains air at 7 Bar and 32oC and the other of 0.03 m3 contains
oxygen at 21 Bar and 15 oC. The valve is opened and the two gases are allowed
to mix assuming that the system is well lagged. Calculate (10)
(i) the volumetric analysis of the mixture.
(ii) the final temperature of the mixture
(iii) the final pressure of the mixture

An air standard dual cycle has a compression ratio of 16, and compression begins at 1 bar,500C. The maximum
pressure is 70 bar. The heat transferred to air at constant pressure is equal to heat at constant volume.
Estimate (a) the pressure and temperature at the cardinal points of the cycle.
(b) The cycle efficiency and
(c) The M.E.P. of the cycle. Cv = 0.718 kJ/kg K, Cp = 1.005 kJ/kg K.
8. A four cylinder diesel engine works on four – stroke cycle has a cylinder bore of 900 mm and a stroke of 150 mm.
The crank speed is 370 rpm, and fuel consumption is 15 kg/hr, having a calorific value of 39000 kJ/kg. The indicated
mean effective pressure is 5 bar. If the compression ratio is 14 and cut off ratio is 2.3. Calculate the relative efficiency.

Taking ᵧ = 1.4.

An engine working on constant volume cycle has the following data. Clearance volume =0.00263 m3, swept
volume=0.184 m3, the initial pressure and temperature are 1 bar and
50o C. If the maximum pressure is limited to 25 bar, find the following:
a) The standard efficiency of the cycle,
b) The mean effective pressure of the cycle, assume the ideal conditions. (14)

7. A) Air standard cycle consists of the following processes:

a) isentropic compression from 15⁰C and 1 bar to 5 bar. b) 2500 Kj/kg of heat is
added at constant volume. c) isentropic expansion to initial volume. d) heat rejection
at constant volume. Calculate the ideal efficiency, mean effective pressure and peak
pressure. (8 marks)
B) Derive the expression for efficiency in otto cycle or constant volume air cycle.
(6 marks)
8) A) Define mechanical efficiency and thermal efficiency as applied to I.C engines.
(4 marks)
B) An engine working on constant volume cycle has the following data.
Clearance volume = 0.04 m3, Swept volume =0.13 m3, Pressure and temperature at
the beginning of the cycle are 1.15 bar and 120⁰C.maximum pressure of the cycle is
limited to 23 bar. Calculate air standard efficiency, maximum temperature of the
cycle and mean effective pressure. (10 marks)
1) Derive an expression for thermal efficiency of four stroke Diesel cycle along with p-v and T-s diagrams.
[14 marks]

2) (a) Give difference between two-stroke engine and four-stroke engine.

(b) The compression ratio of an air-standard Otto cycle is 6. The air is supplied with a pressure of 0.1 MPa, and
temperature of 27C. Heat supplied is 2000 kJ/kg. Calculate cycle efficiency, maximum pressure and
temperature of the cycle. (For air, Cp = 1.005 kJ/kg-K, Cv = 0.718 kJ/kg-K, and R = 0.287 kJ/kg-K)
[4+10 marks]

An engine working on constant volume cycle has the following data.

Clearance volume = 0.04 m3. Swept volume =0.13 m3
Pressure and temperature at the beginning of the cycle are 1.15 bar and 120⁰C.maximum pressure of the cycle is
limited to 23 bar. calculate air standard efficiency, maximum temperature of the cycle and mean effective
pressure. (14 marks)
8. a) Explain with a neat diagram, the working of four stroke diesel engine. (10 marks)
b) An engine working on otto cycle has cylinder diameter and stroke length are 110 mm and 140 mm
respectively. The clearance volume is 0.25 litre. Find the air standard efficiency of the cycle. (4 marks)

1. Explain construction and working principle of Centrifugal compressor with

suitable diagrams.