ENGINE — 3UR-FE ENGINE EG-7

JENGINE PROPER
1. Cylinder Head Cover
D Lightweight yet high-strength aluminum cylinder head cover sub-assemblies are used.
D An oil delivery pipe is installed inside the cylinder head cover sub-assembly (LH and RH). This ensures
lubrication to the sliding parts of the valve rocker arm sub-assemblies, improving reliability.
D Large baffle plates are built into the cylinder head cover sub-assembly LH and the cylinder head cover
sub-assembly RH. As a result, the speed of blowby gas flow is reduced, and the oil mist is removed from
the blowby gas. Due to this, the amount of oil lost is reduced.

Cylinder Head Cover

Sub-assembly LH
Cylinder Head Cover
Sub-assembly RH Oil Delivery Pipe Baffle Plate
Baffle Plate
Oil Delivery Pipe

Cylinder Head Cylinder Head

Cover Gasket RH Cover Gasket LH

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2. Cylinder Head Gasket

D 3-layer Steel-laminate type cylinder head gaskets are used. A shim is used around the cylinder bore of each
gasket to help enhance sealing performance and durability. This results in improved fuel economy, a
reduced consumption rate of engine oil and reduced emission of exhaust gases.
D The surface is coated with highly heat resistant fluoro rubber to support high power output.

A A

Shim
Front Right Bank

A - A Cross Section

Left Bank
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EG-8 ENGINE — 3UR-FE ENGINE

3. Cylinder Head
D The cylinder head structure has been simplified by separating the cam journal portion (camshaft housing
sub-assembly) from the cylinder head sub-assembly.
D The cylinder head sub-assembly, which is made of aluminum, contains a pentroof-type combustion
chamber. The spark plug is located in the center of the combustion chamber in order to improve the
engine’s anti-knocking performance.
D The port configuration is an efficient cross-flow type in which the intake ports face the inside of the V
bank and the exhaust ports face the outside.
D A siamese type intake port is used. The port diameter gradually decreases toward the combustion chamber
to optimize the airflow speed and intake pulsation.
D The air injection port is provided for the air injection system.

Camshaft Housing
Intake Intake Side Sub-assembly
A
Valve

Intake
Spark Side
Plug
Hole

Exhaust
Exhaust Side
Valve A Exhaust Side

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View from Bottom Side A - A Cross Section
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Air Injection Port

Front

View from Exhaust Side 04E1EG10C

— REFERENCE —

Siamese Type Independent Type

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 ENGINE — 3UR-FE ENGINE EG-9

4. Cylinder Block

General

D The cylinder block is made of aluminum alloy.

D The cylinder block has a bank angle of 90°, a bank offset of 21 mm (0.827 in.) and a bore pitch of 105.5
mm (4.15 in.), resulting in a compact block in its length and width considering its displacement.
D The spiny-type liners are used.
D An engine coolant distribution pathway is provided between the left and right banks. The engine coolant
sent by the water pump passes through the engine coolant distribution pathway and flows to the cylinder
head sub-assemblies and water jackets of both banks. The engine coolant distribution pathway also cools
the engine oil in the main oil hole located directly below the pathway.
D A water passage has been provided between the cylinder bores. By allowing the engine coolant to flow
between the cylinder bores, this construction enables the temperature of the cylinder walls to be kept
uniform.
D Plastic cylinder block water jacket spacers are inserted in the water jacket. They control the flow of the
engine coolant in order to attain a uniform temperature around the combustion chambers.
D Installation bosses of the four knock sensors are located on the inner side of left and right banks to
enhance the accuracy of the knock sensors.
D Air passage holes are provided on bulkheads of the cylinder block. As a result, the air at the bottom of
the cylinder flows smoother, and pumping loss (back pressure at the bottom of the piston generated by
the piston’s reciprocating movement) is reduced to improve the engine’s output.

105.5 mm
Water Passage (4.15 in.)
21 mm Knock Sensor
(0.827 in.) Bosses

#2 #4 #6 #8

#1 #3 #5 #7

Engine Coolant View from Top Side

Distribution Pathway
Air Passage Holes
90°

Main Oil
Hole

Cylinder Block 080EG32S

EG-10 ENGINE — 3UR-FE ENGINE

Spiny-type Liner

D The liners are the spiny-type which have been manufactured so that their casting exteriors form large
irregular surfaces in order to enhance the adhesion between the liners and the aluminum cylinder block.
The enhanced adhesion helps heat dissipation, resulting in a lower overall temperature and heat
deformation of the cylinder bores.
D The shape of the cross-hatching of the liner surface has been optimized to improve oil retention
performance, resulting in reduced friction.

Irregularly shaped Cylinder Block

Cylinder Block outer casting
surface of liner

A Enlarged View of
Cross-Hatching
A

Liner
A - A Cross Section
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Cylinder Block Water Jacket Spacer

The temperature of the intake side of a cylinder bore tends to be lower. For this reason, a wide cylinder block
water jacket spacer covers the cylinder bores in order to suppress the flow of the engine coolant and prevent
excessive cooling. On the other hand, the temperature of the exhaust side of a cylinder bore tends to be
higher. A cylinder block water jacket spacer covers the lower area of the cylinder bores in order to direct
the engine coolant to the upper area of the cylinder bores where the temperature is higher. This makes the
temperature around the cylinder bores more uniform. As a result, the viscosity of the engine oil (which
lubricates the area between the wall surface of the cylinder bore and the piston) decreases, thus reducing
friction between the cylinder bore and the piston.

Water Jacket
Cylinder Block
Water Jacket Spacers Intake Side

Exhaust
Side Cylinder Block
Water Jacket Spacer

: Engine Coolant Flow

Front : Engine Coolant
Cross-sectional
Image of Cylinder Bore
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 ENGINE — 3UR-FE ENGINE EG-11

5. Piston
D The pistons are made of aluminum alloy.
D A compact combustion chamber is provided on top of the piston to realize stable combustion. Together
with the pentroof type combustion chamber of the cylinder head, this realizes a high compression ratio,
resulting in both high performance and excellent fuel economy.
D A taper squish combustion chamber is used to improve anti-knocking performance and intake efficiency.
In addition, engine performance and fuel economy are improved.
D In order to reduce weight, cast holes have been provided on the bottom of the piston head near the pin
bosses as shown in the illustration below.
D The piston skirt is coated with resin to reduce friction losses.
D The groove of the top ring is coated with Alumite (anodic oxide coating) to ensure abrasion resistance.
D By increasing the machining precision of the cylinder bore diameter in the block, only one size piston
is required.

Resin Coating

Taper Squish Shape

Compression Ring No.1
Weight Reduction

Compression Ring No.2

Alumite Coating
Oil Ring

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Service Tip
The same pistons are used for both right and left banks. When installing a piston, the front mark should
face the front of the engine.
EG-12 ENGINE — 3UR-FE ENGINE

6. Connecting Rod and Connecting Rod Bearing

D Connecting rods that have been forged for high strength are used for weight reduction.
D Knock pins are used at the mating surfaces of the bearing caps of the connecting rod to minimize the
shifting of the bearing caps during assembly.
D Nutless-type plastic region tightening bolts are used on the connecting rods for a lightweight design.
D Resin coated aluminum bearings are used for the connecting rod bearings. The connecting rod bearings
are reduced in width to reduce friction.

Resin Coating

Knock Pin

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Plastic Region
Tightening Bolts

7. Crankshaft
D A crankshaft made of forged steel, which excels in rigidity and wear resistance, is used.
D The crankshaft has 5 main bearing journals and 6 balance weights.

Balance Weight
No.2 Journal No.3 Journal
No.1 Journal

Front

No.4 Journal No.5 Journal

Balance Weight
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 ENGINE — 3UR-FE ENGINE EG-13

8. Crankshaft Bearing and Crankshaft Bearing Cap

D The crankshaft bearings are made of aluminum alloy.
D The crankshaft bearings are reduced in width to reduce friction. The bearing lining surface is coated with
resin to improve wear and seizure resistance.
D The upper crankshaft bearing has an oil groove around its inside circumference.
D The crankshaft bearing caps use 4 plastic region tightening bolts of different sizes for the inner and outer
sides to secure the journals. This makes the crankshaft bearing caps more compact and lightweight. In
addition, each cap is tightened laterally to improve its reliability.

Plastic Region
Tightening Bolts

Upper Crankshaft Bearing

Oil Grooved

Resin
Coating

Crankshaft
Bearing Cap Lower Crankshaft Bearing

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9. Crankshaft Pulley
The crankshaft pulley uses a torsional rubber damper
and is optimized to reduce noise and vibration.
Torsional Damper
Rubber

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EG-14 ENGINE — 3UR-FE ENGINE

10. Oil Pan

D The No.1 oil pan sub-assembly is made of aluminum alloy.
D The No.1 oil pan sub-assembly is secured to the cylinder block and the transmission housing to increase
rigidity.
D The shape of the oil pan baffle plate has been optimized to ensure the proper space between the crankshaft
and the engine oil surface. This was done to enhance the separation of oil flow and ventilation gases,
thereby reducing friction and improving lubrication performance.

Oil Pan Baffle Plate

No.1 Oil Pan

Sub-assembly

No.2 Oil Pan

Sub-assembly

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