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    Integrate by Parts

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    Ub Usoro
    This document provides an overview of integration by parts, a technique for evaluating indefinite integrals of products of functions. It gives the formula for integration by parts, examples of its application including repeated use of the formula, and guidelines for selecting which function to designate as u and v based on their types. It also provides practice problems and solutions for integrating various functions using this method.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Integrate by Parts

    Uploaded by

    Ub Usoro
    54 views14 pages
    This document provides an overview of integration by parts, a technique for evaluating indefinite integrals of products of functions. It gives the formula for integration by parts, examples of its application including repeated use of the formula, and guidelines for selecting which function to designate as u and v based on their types. It also provides practice problems and solutions for integrating various functions using this method.

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    This document provides an overview of integration by parts, a technique for evaluating indefinite integrals of products of functions. It gives the formula for integration by parts, examples of its application including repeated use of the formula, and guidelines for selecting which function to designate as u and v based on their types. It also provides practice problems and solutions for integrating various functions using this method.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    54 views14 pages

    Integrate by Parts

    Uploaded by

    Ub Usoro
    This document provides an overview of integration by parts, a technique for evaluating indefinite integrals of products of functions. It gives the formula for integration by parts, examples of its application including repeated use of the formula, and guidelines for selecting which function to designate as u and v based on their types. It also provides practice problems and solutions for integrating various functions using this method.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    of 14

    MAT 121: Calculus

    Integration

    Imaga O. F.
    Department of Mathematics
    INTEGRATION BY PARTS
    Integration by Parts is used to integrate products of
    two functions.
    Given a function in the form y = uv where u and v
    are themselves functions e.g. x cos x, sin x ln x
    The formula for integration by parts is
    Z Z
    udv = uv − vdu

    MAT 121: Calculus Integration 1/13


    Integrate the function y = x cos x
    R R
    Solution: Using the formula udv = uv − vdu.
    We choose
    u=x dv = cos x
    so that R
    du = dx v = cos xdx = sin x

    Substituting into the formula, we have


    Z Z
    x cos xdx = x sin x − sinxdx
    = x sin x + cos x + C

    MAT 121: Calculus Integration 2/13


    Integrate the following functions
    1. x sin x
    2. 5x cos 2x
    3. xe x
    4. 4xe −x
    5. 9xe 3x

    MAT 121: Calculus Integration 3/13


    ”L-I-A-T-E” Guideline for Selecting u:

    L: Logarithmic Function
    I: Inverse Trigonometric Function
    A: Algebraic Function
    T: Trigonometric Function
    E: Exponential Function
    Evaluate x 4 ln xdx
    R

    Solution: Since logarithmic function comes before


    the algebraic function, we let
    u = lnx dv = x 4
    1 R 4 x5
    du = dx v = x dx =
    x 5

    MAT 121: Calculus Integration 4/13


    Z Z
    4
    x ln xdx = uv − vdu
    x5
    Z 5
    x 1
    = (ln x) − · dx
    5 5 x
    x5
    Z 4
    x
    = (ln x) − dx
    5 5
    x5 1 x5
    = ln x − · +C
    5 5 5
    x5 x5
    = (ln x) − +C
    5 25

    MAT 121: Calculus Integration 5/13


    sin−1 xdx by integration by parts method
    R
    Evaluate
    Solution: The integral can be rewritten as
    −1
    R
    1 · sin xdx.
    Since the inverse trigonometric function comes before
    the algebraic function, we have that
    u = sin−1 x dv = 1
    1 R
    du = √ dx v = 1dx = x
    1 − x2
    Z Z
    sin−1 xdx = uv − vdu
    Z
    −1 1
    = x sin x − x √ dx
    1 − x2

    MAT 121: Calculus Integration 6/13


     
    1 1
    = x sin−1 x − − (1 − x 2 ) 2 (2) + C
    2
    p
    = x sin−1 x + 1 − x 2 + C

    Evaluate the following using integration by parts


    method:
    b) R tan−1 x
    R R
    a) R cos x ln(sin x)
    c) cos −1 x d) ln x

    MAT 121: Calculus Integration 7/13


    Repeated Integration by Parts
    Integrate the function y = x 2 e 5x
    R R
    Solution: Using udv = uv − vdu. We have
    u = x2 dv = e 5x
    1
    v = e 5x dx = e 5x
    R
    du = 2xdx
    5

    Substituting into the formula, we have


    Z Z
    2 1 5x 1
    x e dx = x · e − 2x · e 5x dx
    2 5x
    5 Z 5
    1 2 5x
    = x 2 e 5x − xe dx
    5 5

    MAT 121: Calculus Integration 8/13


    The integral 52 xe 5x dx is still a product so we use
    R
    the formula again.
    u = 25 x dv =R e 5x
    du = 25 dx v = e 5x dx = 15 e 5x

    Substituting into the formula, we have


    Z Z
    2 5x 2 1 5x 2 1 5x
    xe dx = x · e − · e dx
    5 5 5 Z 5 5
    2 2 5x
    = xe 5x − e dx
    25 25

    MAT 121: Calculus Integration 9/13


    Z
    2 5x 2 2 5x
    xe dx = xe 5x − e dx
    5 25 125
    so
    Z  
    2 5x 1 2 5x 2 5x 2 5x
    x e dx = x e − xe − e dx
    5 25 125
    1 2 2 5x
    = x 2 e 5x − xe 5x + e dx
    5 25 125
    Integrate the following functions
    a) x 2 cos x b) x 2 sin 2x c) (5x 2 + 4) cos 2x

    MAT 121: Calculus Integration 10/13


    Evaluate e x cos xdx
    R
    Solution. Since the trigonometric function comes
    before the exponential
    u = cos x dv =R e x
    du = − sin xdx v = e x = e x
    Z Z
    x
    e cos xdx = uv − vdu
    Z
    = e cos x − e x (− sin x)dx
    x

    Z
    = e cos x + e x sin xdx
    x

    MAT 121: Calculus Integration 11/13


    Second application of integration by parts:
    Z Z
    e sin xdx = e sin x − e x cos xdx
    x x

    Hence
    Z Z
    e sin xdx = e cos x + e sin x − e x cos xdx
    x x x

    MAT 121: Calculus Integration 12/13


    The original integral appears on the right side of the
    equation. Move it to the left side and solve:
    Z
    2 e x cos xdx = e x cos x + e x sinx
    Z
    1
    e x cos xdx = (e x cos x + e x sin x) + C
    2
    Integrate the following functions:
    a) R e x sin xdx b) R e 3x cos 3x dx
    R R
    c) e −3θ sin 5θ dx d) e ax sin bx dx

    MAT 121: Calculus Integration 13/13

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