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    The Nature and Origin of Charge

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    Francesca Gener
    Electric charge occurs in positive and negative forms and is a fundamental property of matter. Charge is carried by elementary particles like protons and electrons. Protons carry a positive charge while electrons carry a negative charge. Charge is conserved and cannot be created or destroyed. Charging can occur through processes like friction, conduction, induction, and dielectric breakdown. Conductors allow for the free flow of electrons, distributing charge evenly, while insulators impede electron flow and keep charge localized.

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    The Nature and Origin of Charge

    Uploaded by

    Francesca Gener
    168 views3 pages
    Electric charge occurs in positive and negative forms and is a fundamental property of matter. Charge is carried by elementary particles like protons and electrons. Protons carry a positive charge while electrons carry a negative charge. Charge is conserved and cannot be created or destroyed. Charging can occur through processes like friction, conduction, induction, and dielectric breakdown. Conductors allow for the free flow of electrons, distributing charge evenly, while insulators impede electron flow and keep charge localized.

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    Electric charge occurs in positive and negative forms and is a fundamental property of matter. Charge is carried by elementary particles like protons and electrons. Protons carry a positive charge while electrons carry a negative charge. Charge is conserved and cannot be created or destroyed. Charging can occur through processes like friction, conduction, induction, and dielectric breakdown. Conductors allow for the free flow of electrons, distributing charge evenly, while insulators impede electron flow and keep charge localized.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    168 views3 pages

    The Nature and Origin of Charge

    Uploaded by

    Francesca Gener
    Electric charge occurs in positive and negative forms and is a fundamental property of matter. Charge is carried by elementary particles like protons and electrons. Protons carry a positive charge while electrons carry a negative charge. Charge is conserved and cannot be created or destroyed. Charging can occur through processes like friction, conduction, induction, and dielectric breakdown. Conductors allow for the free flow of electrons, distributing charge evenly, while insulators impede electron flow and keep charge localized.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Nature and Origin of Charge

    Mearvhin C. Gener

    12-St. John of Crysostom


    The Nature and Origin of Charge
    Electric charge, basic property of matter carried by some elementary particles. Electric charge, which can
    be positive or negative, occurs in discrete natural units and is neither created nor destroyed.
    Electric charges are of two general types: positive and negative. Two objects that have an excess of one
    type of charge exert a force of repulsion on each other when relatively close together. Two objects that have
    excess opposite charges, one positively charged and the other negatively charged, attract each other when
    relatively near.
    What is the origin of Electric charge? Nucleus is present in the center of Atom. It contains protons and
    neutrons. Protons carry positive charge and neutrons carry negative charge. The protons and neutrons in an
    atom are equal.
    Conductors and insulators
    Conductors are materials that permit electrons to
    flow freely from particle to particle. An object made of a
    conducting material will permit charge to be transferred
    across the entire surface of the object. If charge is
    transferred to the object at a given location, that charge is
    quickly distributed across the entire surface of the object.
    The distribution of charge is the result of electron
    movement. Since conductors allow for electrons to be
    transported from particle to particle, a charged object will
    always distribute its charge until the overall repulsive forces
    between excess electrons is minimized. If a charged conductor
    is touched to another object, the conductor can even transfer its
    charge to that object. The transfer of charge between objects occurs more readily if the second object is made of
    a conducting material. Conductors allow for charge transfer through the free movement of electrons.
    In contrast to conductors, insulators are materials that impede the free flow of electrons from atom to
    atom and molecule to molecule. If charge is transferred to an insulator at a given location, the excess charge
    will remain at the initial location of charging. The particles of the insulator do not permit the free flow of
    electrons; subsequently charge is seldom distributed evenly across the surface of an insulator.
    Charging by Friction
    The frictional charging process results in a transfer of
    electrons between the two objects that are rubbed together.
    The two objects have become charged with opposite types of
    charges as a result of the transfer of electrons from the least
    electron-loving material to the most electron-loving material.

    Charging by Conduction
    Conduction: transfer by contact with an already charged
    object.
    Dielectric breakdown (sparks): given enough stress in an
    insulator can be made to conduct electricity.
    Charging by Induction
    Induction: separation of charge when near an already
    charged object
    Charged objects can attract electrically neutral objects
    through induction.
    Here's the logic…
     Like charges move away from the charged object.
     Opposite charges move toward the charged object.
     Attraction predominates since the like charges are closer together than the opposite charges.

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