Oracle

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Meaning of i and g in Oracle 9i & 10g

The i in oracle 8i and 9i stands for INTERNET and the g in 10g and 11g stands for GRID because from 10g
onwards oracle supports grid architecture.

10g definition -
10g is Oracle's grid computing product group including (among other things) a database management
system (DBMS) and an application server. In addition to supporting grid computing features such as
resource sharing and automatic load balancing, 10g products automate many database management tasks.
The Real Application Cluster (RAC) component makes it possible to install a database over multiple servers.
10g follows Oracle's 9i platform. Oracle says that the g (instead of the expected i) in the name symbolizes the
company's commitment to the grid model. However, according to some reports, many early adopters are
deploying 10g solely for its automation features and have no immediate plans of implementing a grid
environment.

Definition of: Oracle database

A relational database management system (DBMS) from Oracle, which runs on more than 80 platforms.
Introduced in the late 1970s, Oracle was the first database product to run on a variety of platforms from
micro to mainframe. The Oracle database is Oracle's flagship product, and version 11g was introduced in
2007.

Oracle 11g features include built-in testing for changes, the capability of viewing tables back in time,
superior compression of all types of data and enhanced disaster recovery functions.

The "i" and "g" Versions


Starting in 1999 with Version 8i, Oracle added the "i" to the version name to reflect support for the Internet
with its built-in Java Virtual Machine (JVM). Oracle 9i added more support for XML in 2001. In 2003, Oracle
10g was introduced with emphasis on the "g" for grid computing, which enables clusters of low-cost,
industry standard servers to be treated as a single unit.

Differences between Oracle 9i and 10g

 Major changes to SQL optimizer internals


 Oracle Grid computing
 AWR and ASH tables incorporated into Oracle Performance Pack and Diagnostic Pack options
 Automated Session History (ASH) materializes the Oracle Wait Interface over time
 Data Pump replaces imp utility with impdp
 Automatic Database Diagnostic Monitor (ADDM)
 SQLTuning Advisor
 SQLAccess Advisor
 Rolling database upgrades (using Oracle10g RAC)
 dbms_scheduler package replaces dbms_job for scheduling

Other notes on differences between 9i and 10g:


Web server load balancing
RAC instance load balancing
Automated Storage Load balancing
Data Guard Load Balancing
Listener Load Balancing
 Extended use of Standard Chunk sizes
 Mutexes: To improve cursor execution and also hard parsing, a new memory serialization mechanism has
been created in 10gR2. For certain shared-cursor related operations, mutexes are used as a replacement for
library cache latches and librarycache pins. Using mutexes is faster, uses less CPU and also allows
significantly improved concurrency over the existing latch mechanism. The use of mutexes for cursor pins
can be enabled by setting the init.ora parameter _use_kks_mutex to TRUE.

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