Recent lifestyle changes have posed challenges for food packaging, leading to innovations in active, intelligent, and bioactive packaging techniques. These novel techniques help prolong shelf life, enhance quality, and regulate freshness through mechanisms like retarding oxidation, preventing microbial growth and moisture absorption. Advancements provide benefits throughout the supply chain by fulfilling changing consumer demands and priorities around health, safety, and sustainability.
Recent lifestyle changes have posed challenges for food packaging, leading to innovations in active, intelligent, and bioactive packaging techniques. These novel techniques help prolong shelf life, enhance quality, and regulate freshness through mechanisms like retarding oxidation, preventing microbial growth and moisture absorption. Advancements provide benefits throughout the supply chain by fulfilling changing consumer demands and priorities around health, safety, and sustainability.
Recent lifestyle changes have posed challenges for food packaging, leading to innovations in active, intelligent, and bioactive packaging techniques. These novel techniques help prolong shelf life, enhance quality, and regulate freshness through mechanisms like retarding oxidation, preventing microbial growth and moisture absorption. Advancements provide benefits throughout the supply chain by fulfilling changing consumer demands and priorities around health, safety, and sustainability.
Recent lifestyle changes have posed challenges for food packaging, leading to innovations in active, intelligent, and bioactive packaging techniques. These novel techniques help prolong shelf life, enhance quality, and regulate freshness through mechanisms like retarding oxidation, preventing microbial growth and moisture absorption. Advancements provide benefits throughout the supply chain by fulfilling changing consumer demands and priorities around health, safety, and sustainability.
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Synopsis
Recent trend of lifestyle changes with less time for consumers to prepare foods and awareness of consumer’s health have been the major innovations in the field of packaging technology posed a great challenge toward food packaging sector for the evolution of novel and innovative food packaging techniques of active packaging, intelligent packaging and bio active packaging. These novel techniques act by prolonging the shelf life, enhancing or maintaining the quality, providing indication and to regulate freshness of food product. The advancement in novel food packaging technologies involves retardation in oxidation, hindered respiratory process, prevention of microbial attack, prevention of moisture infusion, use of CO2 scavengers/emitters, ethylene scavengers, aroma emitters, time-temperature sensors, ripeness indicators, biosensors and sustained release of antioxidants during storage also increase the margin of food quality and safety.
The novel food packaging techniques thus help in fulfilling the demands throughout the food supply chain by gearing up toward persons own lifestyle. The main objectives of this review article are to provide basic knowledge of different new and innovative food packaging techniques about their way of preservative action, effectiveness and suitability in various types of foods.
Introduction Rapid growth of novel packaging in food segment is contributed by the enormous use of packaged foods, rising need of prepared foods like use of microwave meals and growing use of smaller size food, modern trend of retail practices, changing lifestyle, consumer’s demand of customization, food safety and quality standards incentives for the evolution of novel and innovative packaging. The introduction of various materials, viz. polyester, polypropylene, and ethylene vinyl alcohol polymers led to drastic evacuation from metal, paperboard and glass packaging to plastic and flexible packaging.
Moreover, in 20th century more advancement in packaging technology appeared as intelligent or
smart packaging and active packaging. The emerging changes in packaging industry will strengthen the economy by improving food safety, quality and by minimizing product losses.
These newer ideas of active, intelligent and bioactive packaging had a greater impact on marketing of food. 1. Intelligent packaging The concept of intelligent packaging in real sense is to evaluate efficacy and strength of active packaging system. Intelligent packaging offers greater significance by providing detailed knowledge throughout the supply chain and maintains food quality by finding out critical points by the use of attached, incorporated or printed labels onto packaging material Another important aspect of this smart packaging is the self-heating and cooling systems used as temperature regulators like exothermic reaction packaging, Self cooling packaging, ethylene absorbers and Radio frequency identification (RFID) used in intelligent packaging is radio wave based system that wirelessly tracks items.
2. Active packaging Active packaging came into existence with the aim of satisfying the consumer demand for natural, recyclable, and biodegradable packaging materials. Active packaging material capable of degrading by natural compositing process and with less environmental effect was developed. A new advancement in the use of active packaging is the addition of polymer materials containing some additives that impart anti-microbial properties. Active packaging also involves moisture controlling agents, internal humidity regulators and Humidity regulators.
3. Bioactive packaging Bioactive packaging is the novel packaging technology that alters the package or coating in a way so as to have positive effect on consumer’s health. Various techniques include enzyme encapsulation, nano encapsulation, micro encapsulation and enzyme immobilization. Bioactive packaging technology is implemented via (i) utilization of biodegradable packaging materials for the release of functional or bioactive components, (ii) encapsulating bio active ingredients into the foods or to the packaging materials, and (iii) introducing packaging materials exhibiting enzyme activity and capable of transforming some food components in order to deliver health benefits.
4. Nanotechnologies in food packaging
Nanotechnology has proven most promising innovative technique by introducing latest enhancements in food packaging. Nanomaterial’s produced by the methods of solvent extraction/evaporation, crystallization, self-assembly, layer-by-layer deposition, microbial synthesis, and biomass reactions. Among the various nanomaterial’s the most promising for food packaging is Nano composites. The use of Nano composites for food packaging started in the year 1990s and use of montmorillonite clay as the Nano component Nano composite materials have played a vital role in improving the strength, barrier properties, antimicrobial properties, and stability to heat and cold (fundamental properties) of food packaging materials. 5. Innovative packaging technologies The substances at the rear side of functional barrier will not, migrate in the food and thus will not have deleterious effects on human health nor will result in unacceptable changes in the composition and organoleptic properties.
High Chemical Barriers increases the quality of food can be maintained by preventing adsorption, desorption, diffusion of gases, liquids, penetration of other molecules such as oxygen, pressurized liquid or gas, and water vapor by the use of high-barrier packaging.
6. Food safety issues
In food supply chain the concern of food safety and quality has given way to exercise more control and explore information within supply chains as well as to the consumers on processing, sourcing and distribution of food products. The safety concern related to active and intelligent packaging should be addressed based on following three important considerations in areas of Labeling, Migration of Active and Intelligent materials to foods and Effective packaging.
7. Environmental Barriers The environmental policy objectives include decrease or even to prevent the use of packaging, to recover and recycle all residues, and to make the producer responsible for the waste, as well as for the costs of recovering and recycling and bio sourced, biodegradable, and recyclable.
8. Future Trends in Bio and Safe Packaging
Nanotechnology is likely to play important part in the near future keeping in consideration the safety concern associated with packaging. Research and development in the field of active and intelligent packaging grew at dynamic pace with the aim to provide eco-friendly packaging alternatives. Another area of development is the use of innovative non-migratory materials in case of functional in-package food processing Use of Edible coatings and films are developed from biopolymer based on hydrocolloids, such as polysaccharides like cellulose, starch, alginates, chitosan, gums, pectin’s and proteins, from vegetable or animal origin.
9. Conclusion Research and development in the emergence of biodegradable packaging technology with improved quality and safety resulted in innovations in packaging techniques. Preferences gave rise to active, intelligent and bio active food packaging techniques that are purely innovative. Applicability of novel and innovative packaging techniques is growing widely because of their health impact and thus resulted in reduced consumer complaints. In the near future traditional packaging will be completely replaced by innovative food packaging techniques as these techniques are rapidly making their way into the global market.
