Week 2

1 ETABS TUTORIAL BY: ENG.
BILAL ALOMHTASIB
Depth estimation:
- One-way ribbed slab.

- Two-way ribbed slab.
And there are equations related to these two types and start with them
together:
 Thickness of one way ribbed slab:
 Find the cases from the project plans then use most critical case
2 ETABS TUTORIAL BY: ENG.BILAL ALOMHTASIB
Example for ribbed slab thickness of 31cm:
 Dead load calculations for one way ribbed slab: (31 cm)
1- Own weight of slab:
-Topping = 0.07 * 25 = 1.75 KN/m2

-Hollow block = 0.18 * 5 / 0.55 = 1.63 KN/m2
-Rib spacing = 0.5(0.15+0.19) * 0.24 * 25 / 0.55 = 1 KN/m2
2- Super imposed dead load:
-Fill (sand + agg.) = 0.15 * 15.7 = 2.355 KN/m2

-Mortar + Tiles = 0.05 * 22 = 1.1 KN/m2
-Plaster = 0.025 * 22 = 0.55 KN/m2
-Partitions = 2.38 KN/m2
-Total D.L = 10.78 KN/m2
Take: WD = 10.8 KN/m2, WL= 2 KN/m2 (from load calculations)

 Thickness of two way ribbed slab:
1-Find Minimum thickness (deflection requirements):

For slabs of this type the first trial thickness is often taken equal to:
𝑙𝑎𝑟𝑔𝑒𝑠𝑡 𝑝𝑎𝑛𝑒𝑙 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟

ℎ. 𝑚𝑖𝑛 ≥
180
2- Check thickness by let (I slab = I rib):
Calculate (Y) location for rib section by assuming thickness and dimensions:
∑
ȳ= ∑
3- Find I rib (t-section):

𝐼= (𝐼 + 𝐴 𝑑 )
4- By assuming (I slab = I rib):
𝑒𝑓𝑓𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒 𝑤𝑖𝑑𝑡ℎ ∗ ℎ𝑠
𝐼 𝑠𝑙𝑎𝑏 = 𝐼 𝑟𝑖𝑏 =
12
From the previous equation we can find required depth of slab and then
compare it by the assumed depth.
Example:
 Calculations of thickness for two way ribbed slab:

1- Find minimum thickness:
2(5.55) + 2(6.3)
ℎ. 𝑚𝑖𝑛 ≥ = 0.13 𝑚
180
**assume slab depth = 31 cm
2- Check thickness for a typical section for slab 31 cm:
( ∗ ∗ ) ( ∗ ∗ )
ȳ= ( ) ( )
= 200 𝑚𝑚
∗ ∗
3- Find I rib (t-section):
550 ∗ 70 150 ∗ 240

𝐼= + (550 ∗ 70)(75) + + (150 ∗ 240)(80)
12 12
𝐼 = 6.35 ∗ 10 𝑚𝑚
4- By assuming (I slab = I rib):
550 ∗ ℎ𝑠
𝐼 𝑠𝑙𝑎𝑏 = 6.35 ∗ 10 =
12
ℎ𝑠 ≥ 24 𝑐𝑚
Dead load for two way ribbed slab:
 Dead load calculations for two way ribbed slab: (31 cm)
Weight of slab with 1.1m x 1.1m (as a concrete solid):

1.1x 1.1 x 0.31 x25 KN/m3 = 9.37 KN
Weight of blocks as a concrete solid:

0.5*(0.36+0.4)*0.24*0.2*8*25 KN/m3 = 3.65 KN
Weight of hollow blocks:

0.18 x 8 = 1.44 KN
Total weight of (1.1m x1.1m) unit =

(Weight as a concrete solid - weight of blocks as a concrete solid + weight
of hollow blocks)
9.37 – 3.65 + 1.44 = 7.16 KN
.
Total weight for meter square unit = = 5.9 KN/m2
. ∗ .
Dead load + Super imposed dead load = 5.9 + 6.385 = 12.3 KN/m2
Week2:
EXAMPLE 4:
You should learn the following:
- Modeling more than grid system (Cylindrical, Cartesian...)

- Draw inclined columns
- Draw circular beams
- Modeling cylindrical system
Data:
Columns 60x30
Beams 30x50
F'c = 30 Mpa
Solid slab 20cm
Story height = 4m
Steps of modeling example 4:
For G1:
1) Insert required number of stories with heights then insert grid lines on X & Y directions
2)- Use custom Grid Spacing to insert distance between every two grid lines:
For G2:
1)- Click on right mouse in any where in workspace then press add/modify grid:
2)- Press on add new grid system then modify data for G2:
3)- Modify as shown:
Where:
GLOBAL X= distance between (0,0) and center line on X direction
GLOBAL Y = distance between (0,0) and center line on Y direction
Rotation = angle of rotation as following
90 270
180
Number grids R= 1+circles in grid system
Number T= number of grids inside circle
Spacing R= Radius
Spacing T= Spacing between grid lines as angles

For G3:
1) Assign new grid system just like G1
2) Use analysis for length in negative X-axis and Y-axis as following to determine the center of lines
due to example 4
(12.5*C O S 30) - 4.3
30°
12.5000
(12.5*SIN 30)
Where center in X-axis & Y-axis will be:
12.5*cos30 -4.3 = 6.52 (assign in negative = - 6.52) – X
12.5*sin30 = 6.25 (assign in negative= -6.25) -Y

Example 5:
For dwg file given in lecture:
- Define grid system

- Define materials & Sections with modifiers according to ACI-CODE
- Define EQ LOAD in X & Y direction according to UBC CODE -97
- Define Mass source
- Draw all needed elements
- Assign needed (Loads, Piers, Diaphragms...)
- Check stability index for Story 1
- Use required design type according to stability check
- Check design outputs if needed
- Show piers reinforcement for uniform design method
Modifiers in ETABS:
Beams = 0.35 Ig (Moment of inertia about 2 axis & 3 axis)

Columns = 0.7 Ig (Moment of inertia about 2 axis & 3 axis)
Shear walls = 0.7 Ig (Membrane f11, f22, f12 & Bending m11, m22, m12)
Membrane: In plane bending
Slabs = 0.25 Ig (Bending m11, m22, m12)
NOTE THAT: For Torsion modifier in Beam sections

coming to its value modification in ETABS, if J is kept as 1, the member will take all the torsion it is
subjected to by the loading. Then you will have to design the member for this torsion. However, if
you want to redistribute the torsional stresses to some other member e.g. a beam is connected to a
slab or a wall and you want the torsional stresses in the beam to be redistributed to the slab or wall
then you can set a very low Torsional Modification Factor value e.g. 0.01 for the beam. Or use 0.35
by assuming that the beam have amount of stiffness to resist the torsion by the stirrups.
Consider that:
For Equilibrium torsion should be take 1 as torsion modifier

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1 ETABS TUTORIAL BY: ENG.

- One-way ribbed slab.

 Thickness of one way ribbed slab:

Example for ribbed slab thickness of 31cm:

1- Own weight of slab:

-Topping = 0.07 * 25 = 1.75 KN/m2

2- Super imposed dead load:

-Fill (sand + agg.) = 0.15 * 15.7 = 2.355 KN/m2

-Total D.L = 10.78 KN/m2

Take: WD = 10.8 KN/m2, WL= 2 KN/m2 (from load calculations)

 Thickness of two way ribbed slab:

1-Find Minimum thickness (deflection requirements):

𝑙𝑎𝑟𝑔𝑒𝑠𝑡 𝑝𝑎𝑛𝑒𝑙 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟

2- Check thickness by let (I slab = I rib):

3- Find I rib (t-section):

4- By assuming (I slab = I rib):

 Calculations of thickness for two way ribbed slab:

1- Find minimum thickness:

**assume slab depth = 31 cm

2- Check thickness for a typical section for slab 31 cm:

3- Find I rib (t-section):

550 ∗ 70 150 ∗ 240

Dead load for two way ribbed slab:

Weight of slab with 1.1m x 1.1m (as a concrete solid):

Weight of blocks as a concrete solid:

Weight of hollow blocks:

Total weight of (1.1m x1.1m) unit =

You should learn the following:

- Modeling more than grid system (Cylindrical, Cartesian...)

Steps of modeling example 4:

3)- Modify as shown:

GLOBAL X= distance between (0,0) and center line on X direction

GLOBAL Y = distance between (0,0) and center line on Y direction

Rotation = angle of rotation as following

Number grids R= 1+circles in grid system

Number T= number of grids inside circle

Spacing T= Spacing between grid lines as angles

1) Assign new grid system just like G1

(12.5*C O S 30) - 4.3

Where center in X-axis & Y-axis will be:

12.5*cos30 -4.3 = 6.52 (assign in negative = - 6.52) – X

12.5*sin30 = 6.25 (assign in negative= -6.25) -Y

For dwg file given in lecture:

- Define grid system

Beams = 0.35 Ig (Moment of inertia about 2 axis & 3 axis)

NOTE THAT: For Torsion modifier in Beam sections

For Equilibrium torsion should be take 1 as torsion modifier

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