Manual For SOA Exam MLC.: Chapter 5. Life Annuities Actuarial Problems

Chapter 5. Life annuities.
Manual for SOA Exam MLC.

Chapter 5. Life annuities
Actuarial problems.
2009.
c Miguel A. Arcones. All rights reserved.
Extract from:
”Arcones’ Manual for SOA Exam MLC. Fall 2009 Edition”,
available at http://www.actexmadriver.com/
1/60
2009.
c Miguel A. Arcones. All rights reserved. Manual for SOA Exam MLC.
Chapter 5. Life annuities. Actuarial problems.
(#24, Exam M, Fall 2005) For a special increasing whole life

annuity-due on (40), you are given:
(i) Y is the present-value random variable.
(ii) Payments are made once every 30 years, beginning immediately.
(iii) The payment in year 1 is 10, and payments increase by 10
every 30 years.
(iv) Mortality follows DeMoivre’s law, with ω = 110.
(v) i = 0.04
Calculate Var(Y ).
(A) 10.5 (B) 11.0 (C) 11.5 (D) 12.0 (E) 12.5
2/60
2009.
(E) The possible payments to the living are 10, 20, 30, at times 0,
30, 60, respectively. Let T40 be the age–at-death of (40). T40 has
a uniform distribution (0.70). We have that:
if 30 ≥ T40 , Y = 10,
if 60 ≥ T40 > 30, Y = 10 + (20)(1.04)−30 = 16.16637336,
if T40 > 60,
Y = 10 + (20)(1.04)−30 + (30)(1.04)−60 = 19.01818539.
We also have that
30 30 10
P{30 ≥ T40 } = , P{60 ≥ T40 > 30} = and P{T40 > 60} = .
70 70 70
Hence,
30 30 10
E [Y ] = (10) + (16.16637336) + (19.01818539) = 13.93104364,
70 70 70
30 30 10
E [Y 2 ] = (10)2 + (16.16637336)2 + (19.01818539)2 = 206.53517
70 70 70
Var(Y ) = 206.5351798 − (13.93104364)2 = 12.4612029.
3/60
2009.
(#26, Exam M, Spring 2005) You are given:

(i) µx (t) = 0.03, t ≥ 0
(ii) δ = 0.05
(iii) T (x) is the future lifetime random variable.
(iv) g is the standard deviation of aT (x)| .

Calculate P aT (x)| ≥ ax − g .
(A) 0.53 (B) 0.56 (C) 0.63 (D) 0.68 (E) 0.79
4/60
2009.
1−e −δT (x)

(E) We have that aT (x)| = δ ,
µ 0.03 3
Ax = = = ,
δ+µ 0.05 + 0.03 8
2 0.03 3
Ax = = ,
(2)0.05 + 0.03 13
3
1 − Ax 1− 8 100
ax = = = = 12.5,
δ 0.05 8
2 !
1 3 3
Var(aT (x)| ) = 2
− = 36.05769231
(0.05) 13 8
5/60
2009.
Hence,

P aT (x)| ≥ ax − g
!
1 − e −(0.05)T (x) √
=P ≥ 12.5 − 36.05769231
0.05
√
=P 1 − (0.05)(12.5 − 36.05769231) ≥ e −(0.05)T (x)

=P 0.6752402884 ≥ e −(0.05)T (x)
=P (−(20) ln(0.6752402884) ≤ T (x)) = e (0.03)(20) ln(0.6752402884)
=0.7900871674.
6/60
2009.
(#37, Exam M, Spring 2005) Company ABC sets the contract

premium for a continuous life annuity of 1 per year on (x) equal to
the single benefit premium calculated using:
(i) δ = 0.03
(ii) µx (t) = 0.02, t ≥ 0
However, a revised mortality assumption reflects future mortality
improvement and is given by
(
0.02 for t ≤ 10
µx (t) =
0.01 for t > 10
Calculate the expected loss at issue for ABC (using the revised
mortality assumption) as a percentage of the contract premium.
(A) 2% (B) 8% (C) 15% (D) 20% (E) 23%
7/60
2009.
(C) Let ax be the contract premium. We have that

1
ax = = 20.
0.02 + 0.03
Under the revised mortality rate
arev rev rev rev rev

x = ax:10| + 10 |ax = ax:10| + 10 Ex ax+10
1 1
=(1 − e −(10)(0.03+0.02) ) + e −(10)(0.03+0.02)
0.02 + 0.03 0.01 + 0.03
=(1 − e −0.5 )(20) + e −0.5 (25) = 20 + (5)e −0.5 = 23.0326533.
The expected loss with the revised mortality rate is
arev
x − ax = 23.0326533 − 20 = 3.0326533.
The expected loss as a percentage of the contract premium is

3.0326533
= 0.151632665 = 15.1632665%.
20
8/60
2009.
(#11, Exam M, Fall 2005) For a group of 250 individuals age x,

you are given:
(i) The future lifetimes are independent.
(ii) Each individual is paid 500 at the beginning of each year, if
living.
(iii) Ax = 0.369131
(iv) 2 Ax = 0.1774113
(v) i = 0.06
Using the normal approximation, calculate the size of the fund
needed at inception in order to be 90% certain of having enough
money to pay the life annuities.
(A) 1.43 million (B) 1.53 million (C) 1.63 million (D) 1.73
million (E) 1.83 million
9/60
2009.
(A) Let Ÿ1 , . . . , Ÿ250 be the present value random variables made
by this insurance to each of the 250 individuals. We have that
1 − Ax 1 − 0.369131
äx = = 0.06
= 11.14535233,
d 1.06
 
X250
E Ÿj  = (250)(500)(11.14535233) = 1393169.041,
j=1
 
250 2 A − (A )2
x x
X
Var  Ÿj  = (250)(500)2 2
d
j=1
0.1774113 − (0.369131)2
=(250)(500)2 = 802781083.3.
0.06 2

1.06
Let Q be the size of the funds satisfying the requirement. Hence,
Q is a 90% percentile of a normal distribution with mean
1393169.041 and variance 802781083.3. So,
√
Q = 1393169.041 + (1.28) 802781083.3 = 1429435.782.
10/60
2009.
(#20, Exam M, Fall 2005) For a group of lives age x, you are
given:
(i) Each member of the group has a constant force of mortality
that is drawn from the uniform distribution on [0.01, 0.02].
(ii) δ = 0.01
For a member selected at random from this group, calculate the
actuarial present value of a continuous lifetime annuity of 1 per
year.
(A) 40.0 (B) 40.5 (C) 41.1 (D) 41.7 (E) 42.3
11/60
2009.
(B) The APV of a continuous annuity with rate one per year under
1
constant mortality rate µ is E [Y |µ] = µ+0.01 . The APV for a
random member of the group is
Z ∞
1
E [Y ] = E [E [Y |µ]] = fµ (µ) dµ
0 µ + 0.01
Z 0.02
1 1
= dµ
0.01 0.01 + µ 0.02 − 0.01
0.02

=(100) ln(0.01 + µ) = (100) ln(3/2) = 40.54651081.
0.01
12/60
2009.
(#4, Exam M, Fall 2006) For a pension plan portfolio, you are
given:
(i) 80 individuals with mutually independent future lifetimes are
each to receive a whole life annuity-due.
(ii) i = 0.06
(iii)
Number of Annual annuity

Age annuitants payment äx Ax 2A
x
65 50 2 9.8969 0.43980 0.23603
75 30 1 7.2170 0.59149 0.38681
Using the normal approximation, calculate the 95th percentile of

the distribution of the present value random variable of this
portfolio.
(A) 1220 (B) 1239 (C) 1258 (D) 1277 (E) 1296
13/60
2009.
(E) The actuarial present value of this portfolio is

50
X 30
X
Z= 2Uj + Vj ,
j=1 j=1
where U1 , . . . , U50 , V1 , . . . , V30 are independent r.v.’s, U1 , . . . , U50

have the distribution of Ÿ65 and V1 , . . . , V30 have the distribution
of Ÿ75 . Using that E [Ÿx ] = äx , we get that
E [Z ] = (50)(2)(9.8969) + (30)(7.2170) = 1206.2.
2A 2
x −(Ax )
Using that Var(Ÿx ) = d2
, we get that
0.23603 − (0.43980)2 0.38681 − (0.59149)2
Var(Z ) = (50)(2)2 + (30)
(0.06/1.06)2 (0.06/1.06)2
=3013.464959.
Using the normal approximation the 95–th percentile is
√
1206.2 + (1.645) 3013.464959 = 1296.502334.
14/60
2009.
(#5, Exam M, Fall 2006) Your company sells a product that pays
the cost of nursing home care for the remaining lifetime of the
insured.
(i) Insureds who enter a nursing home remain there until death.
(ii) The force of mortality, µ, for each insured who enters a nursing
home is constant.
(iii) µ is uniformly distributed on the interval [0.5, 1].
(iv) The cost of nursing home care is 50,000 per year payable
continuously.
(v) δ = 0.045
Calculate the actuarial present value of this benefit for a randomly
selected insured who has just entered a nursing home.
(A) 60,800 (B) 62,900 (C) 65,100 (D) 67,400 (E)
69,800
15/60
2009.
(C) For each insured, the APV of the benefit is
50000 50000
(50000)ax = = .
µ+δ µ + 0.045
The APV of the benefit for a random selected insured is
Z 1 1
50000 1
d µ = (100000) ln(µ + 0.045)
0.5 µ + 0.045 1 − 0.5 0.5
=(100000) ln(1.045/0.545) = 65098.63697.
16/60
2009.
(#33, Exam M, Fall 2006) You are given:

(i) Y is the present value random variable for a continuous whole
life annuity of 1 per year on (40).
(ii) Mortality follows DeMoivre’s Law with ω = 120.
(iii) δ = 0.05
Calculate the 75th percentile of the distribution of Y .
(A) 12.6 (B) 14.0 (C) 15.3 (D) 17.7 (E) 19.0
17/60
2009.
−0.05Tx
(D) We have that Y = Y x = 1−e0.05 . Let q be the 75–th
quantile of the distribution of Y x . Let ξ be the 75–th quantile of
−0.05t
the distribution of Tx . Since y = h(t) = 1−e0.05 is increasing,
q = h(ξ). We have that
ξ
0.75 = P{Tx ≤ ξ} = .
80
and ξ = 60. Hence,
1 − e −(0.05)(60) 1 − e −3
q= = = 19.00426.
0.05 0.05
18/60
2009.
(#2, Exam MLC, Spring 2007) You are given:

(i) µx (t) = c, t ≥ 0
(ii) δ = 0.08
(iii) Ax = 0.3443
(iv) T (x) is the future lifetime random variable for (x).
Calculate Var(aT (x)| ).
(A) 12 (B) 14 (C) 16 (D) 18 (E) 20
19/60
2009.
µ
(D) We have that 0.3443 = Ax = µ+0.08 and
(0.3443)(0.08)
µ= 1−0.3443 = 0.04200702. Therefore,
2 µ 0.04200702
Ax = = = 0.2079483,
µ + 2δ 0.04200702 + 2(0.08)
2A − (Ax )2 0.2079483 − (0.3443)2
x
Var(aT (x)| ) = Var(Y x ) = =
δ2 (0.08)2
=13.96966.
20/60
2009.
(#23, Exam MLC, Spring 2007) For a three–year temporary life

annuity
R x due of 100 on (75), you are given:
(i) 0 µ(t) dt = 0.01x 1.2 , x > 0
(ii) i = 0.11
Calculate the actuarial present value of this annuity.
(A) 264 (B) 266 (C) 268 (D) 270 (E) 272
21/60
2009.
(#23, Exam MLC, Spring 2007) For a three–year temporary life

annuity
R x due of 100 on (75), you are given:
(i) 0 µ(t) dt = 0.01x 1.2 , x > 0
(ii) i = 0.11
Calculate the actuarial present value of this annuity.
(A) 264 (B) 266 (C) 268 (D) 270 (E) 272
− 0x µ(t) dt 1.2
R
Solution: (A) We have that s(x) = e = e −0.01x . We
need to find
(100)ä75:3| = 100 + (100)(1 + i)−1 p75 + (100)(1 + i)−1 p75 p76

s(76) s(77)
=100 + (100)(1.11)−1 + (100)(1.1)−1
s(75) s(75)
1.2 −(75)1.2 )
=100 + (100)(1.11)−1 e −0.01((76)
1.2 −(75)1.2 )
+(100)(1.11)−2 e −0.01((77) = 264.2196.
22/60
2009.
(#29, Exam MLC, Spring 2007) For a special fully discrete,

30–year deferred, annual life annuity-due of 200 on (30), you are
given:
(i) The single benefit premium is refunded without interest at the
end of the year of death if death occurs during the deferral period.
(ii) Mortality follows the Illustrative Life Table.
(iii) i = 0.06
Calculate the single benefit premium for this annuity.
(A) 350 (B) 360 (C) 370 (D) 380 (E) 390
23/60
2009.
(A) Let π be the single benefit premium for this annuity. We have
that
π = πA130:30| + (200)30 E30 ä60 = π(A30 − 30 E30 A60 ) + (200)30 E30 ä60
8188074
=π(0.10248 − (1.06)−30 (0.36913))
9501381
8188074
+ (200)(1.06)−30 (11.1454)
9501381
=0.04709420291π + 334.4604139
and
334.4604139
π= = 350.9900086.
1 − 0.04709420291
24/60
2009.
(#7, MLC–09–08) For an annuity payable semiannually, you are

given:
(i) Deaths are uniformly distributed over each year of age.
(ii) q69 = 0.03
(iii) i = 0.06
(iv) 1000A70 = 530
(2)
Calculate ä69 .
(A) 8.35 (B) 8.47 (C) 8.59 (D) 8.72 (E) 8.85
25/60
2009.
(C) We have that
δ ln(1.06)
A70 = A70 = (0.53) = 0.5147086884,
i 0.06
A69 = q69 v + p69 vA70
=(0.03)(1.06)−1 + (0.03)(1.06)−1 (0.5147086884) = 0.4993088941,
(2) i 0.06
A69 = (2) A69 = (0.4993088941) = 0.5066894321,
i 0.0591260282
(2)
(2) 1 − A69 1 − 0.5066894321
ä69 = = = 8.59002931.
d (2) 0.05742827529
26/60
2009.
(#11, MLC–09–08) For a group of individuals all age x, of which

30% are smokers and 70% are non-smokers,
you are given:
(i) δ = 0.10
(ii) Asmoker
x = 0.444.
(iii) Axnon−smoker = 0.286.
(iv) T is the future lifetime of (x)
(v) Var(asmoker
T|
) = 8.818
(vi)Var(anon−smoker
T|
) = 8.503
Calculate Var(aT | ) for an individual chosen at random from this
group.
(A) 8.5 (B) 8.6 (C) 8.8 (D) 9.0 (E) 9.1
27/60
2009.
(E) Solution 1: Let S = I (an individual is a smoker). We have

that
Var(Y x ) = Var(E [Y x |S]) + E [Var(Y x |S)].
1 − 0.444 1 − 0.286
E [Y x |S = 1] = = 5.56, E [Y x |S = 0] = = 7.14.
0.1 0.1
So, E [Y x |S] takes only two values and
Var(E [Y x |S]) = (0.3)(0.7) (5.56 − 7.14)2 = 0.524244.
Hence,
E [Var(Y x |S)] = (0.3)(8.818) + (0.7)(8.503) = 8.5975,

Var(Y x ) = 0.524244 + 8.5975 = 9.121744.
28/60
2009.
2 Asmoker −(Asmoker )2
(E) Solution 2: From 8.818 = Var(asmoker
T|
)= x
δ2
x
,
we get that
2 smoker
Ax = (0.444)2 + (8.818)(0.1)2 = 0.285316.
Similarly,
2 non−smoker
Ax = (0.286)2 + (8.503)(0.1)2 = 0.166826.
Ax = (0.3)(0.444) + (0.7)(0.286) = 0.3334,

2
Ax = (0.3)(0.285316) + (0.7)(0.166826) = 0.202373,
2A − (Ax )2 0.202373 − (0.3334)2
x
Var(aT | ) = = = 9.121744
δ2 (0.1)2
29/60
2009.
(#25, MLC–09–08) Your company currently offers a whole life

annuity product that pays the annuitant 12,000 at the beginning of
each year. A member of your product development team suggests
enhancing the product by adding a death benefit that will be paid
at the end of the year of death.
Using a discount rate, d, of 8%, calculate the death benefit that
minimizes the variance of the present value random variable of the
new product.
(A) 0 (B) 50,000 (C) 100,000 (D) 150,000 (E)
200,000
30/60
2009.
(#25, MLC–09–08) Your company currently offers a whole life

annuity product that pays the annuitant 12,000 at the beginning of
each year. A member of your product development team suggests
enhancing the product by adding a death benefit that will be paid
at the end of the year of death.
Using a discount rate, d, of 8%, calculate the death benefit that
minimizes the variance of the present value random variable of the
new product.
(A) 0 (B) 50,000 (C) 100,000 (D) 150,000 (E)
200,000
Solution: (D) Let π = 12000 and let P be the death benefit. The
present value random variable
of the new product is
π π
Y = π Ÿx + PZx = P − d Zx + d . The variance of Y is
2
P − πd Var(Zx ), which is minimized when
P = πd = 12000
0.08 = 150000.
31/60
2009.
(#35, MLC–09–08) You are given:

(i) µx (t) = 0.01, 0 ≤ t < 5
(ii) µx (t) = 0.02, 5 ≤ t
(iii) δ = 0.06
Calculate ax .
(A) 12.5 (B) 13.0 (C) 13.4 (D) 13.9 (E) 14.3
32/60
2009.

(i) µx (t) = 0.01, 0 ≤ t < 5
(ii) µx (t) = 0.02, 5 ≤ t
(iii) δ = 0.06
Calculate ax .
(A) 12.5 (B) 13.0 (C) 13.4 (D) 13.9 (E) 14.3
Solution: (B)
1 − e −5(0.01+0.06) 1
ax = ax:5| + 5 Ex ax+5 = + e −5(0.01+0.06)
0.01 + 0.06 0.02 + 0.06
1 − e −0.35 1
= + e −0.35 = 13.0273427.
0.07 0.08
33/60
2009.
(#55, MLC–09–08) For a 20-year deferred whole life annuity-due

of 1 per year on (45), you are given:
(i) Mortality follows De Moivre’s law with ω = 105.
(ii) i = 0
Calculate the probability that the sum of the annuity payments
actually made will exceed the actuarial present value at issue of the
annuity.
(A) 0.425 (B) 0.450 (C) 0.475 (D) 0.500 (E) 0.525
34/60
2009.
(B) The present value of the sum of the annuity payments is

max(K45 − 20, 0). So,
40 40 (40)(41)
X X 1 2 41
20 |ä45 = jP{K45 = 20+j} = j = = = 13.66666667.
60 60 3
j=1 j=1
The probability that the sum of the annuity payments actually

made will exceed the actuarial present value at issue of the annuity
is
P{K45 − 20 > 13.66666667} = P{K45 > 33} = P{T45 > 33}

60 − 33
= = 0.45.
60
35/60
2009.
(#63, MLC–09–08) For a whole life insurance of 1 on (x), you are

given:
(i) The force of mortality is µx (t).
(ii) The benefits are payable at the moment of death.
(iii) δ = 0.06
(iv) Ax = 0.60
Calculate the revised actuarial present value of this insurance
assuming µx (t) is increased by 0.03 for all t and δ is decreased by
0.03.
(A) 0.5 (B) 0.6 (C) 0.7 (D) 0.8 (E) 0.9
36/60
2009.
∗
(D) Solution 1: Let t px∗ and Ax be the values for the revised
table. We have that
Rt
∗
= e − 0 (µx (s)+0.03) ds = e −0.03t t px ,
t px
Z ∞
∗
Ax = e −0.03t t px∗ (µx (t) + 0.03) dt
0
Z ∞
= e −0.03t e −0.03t t px (µx (t) + 0.03) dt
0
Z ∞ Z ∞
= e −0.03t e −0.03t t px µx (t) dt + e −0.03t e −0.03t t px 0.03 dt
0 0
=Ax + (0.03)ax
1 − 0.60
=(0.60) + (0.03) = 0.8.
0.06
37/60
2009.
∗
Solution 2: Let t px∗ , Ax and a∗x be the values for the revised table.
We have that
Rt
∗
= e − 0 (µx (s)+0.03) ds = e −0.03t t px ,
t px
Z ∞ Z ∞
a∗x = e −0.03t t px∗ dt = e −0.03t e −0.03t t px dt
Z ∞ 0 0
1 − 0.60 20
= e −0.06t t px dt = ax = = ,
0 0.06 3
∗ 20
Ax = 1 − (0.03) = 0.8.
3
38/60
2009.
(#67, MLC–09–08) For a continuous whole life annuity of 1 on

(x):
(i) T (x) is the future lifetime random variable for (x).
(ii) The force of interest and force of mortality are constant and
equal.
(iii) ax = 12.50
Calculate the standard deviation of aT (x)| .
(A) 1.67 (B) 2.50 (C) 2.89 (D) 6.25 (E) 7.22
39/60
2009.
(E) If µ = δ, then
µ 1 µ 1 1 1 1
Ax = = , 2 Ax = = , Var(Z x ) = − = ,
µ+δ 2 µ + 2δ 3 3 4 12
1 1
12.50 = ax = = .
µ+δ 2δ
1
So, δ = 25 = 0.04 and
q
q Var(Z x ) 25
Var(Y x ) = = √ = 7.216878365.
δ 12
40/60
2009.
(#79, MLC–09–08) For a group of individuals all age x, you are

given:
(i) 30% are smokers and 70% are non-smokers.
(ii) The constant force of mortality for smokers is 0.06.
(iii) The constant force of mortality for non-smokers is 0.03.
(iv) δ = 0.08
Calculate Var(aT (x)| ) for an individual chosen at random from this
group.
(A) 13.0 (B) 13.3 (C) 13.8 (D) 14.1 (E) 14.6
41/60
2009.
(D) We have that
0.06 0.03
Ax = (0.3) + (0.7) = 0.3194805195,
0.06 + 0.08 0.03 + 0.08
2 0.06 0.03
Ax = (0.3) + (0.7) = 0.1923444976,
0.06 + (2)0.08 0.03 + (2)0.08
Var(Z x ) 0.1923444976 − (0.3194805195)2
Var(aT (x)| ) = = = 14.105733
δ2 (0.08)2
42/60
2009.

(i) Ax = 0.28
(ii) Ax+20 = 0.40
1 = 0.25
(iii) Ax:20|
(iv) i = 0.05
Calculate ax:20| .
(A) 11.0 (B) 11.2 (C) 11.7 (D) 12.0 (E) 12.3
43/60
2009.
(B) We have that
20 |Ax = 20 Ex Ax+20 = (0.4)(0.25) = 0.1,
A1x:20| = Ax − 20 |Ax = 0.28 − 0.1 = 0.18,

Ax:20| = A1x:20| + 20 Ex = 0.18 + 0.25 = 0.43,
1 − Ax:20|
äx:20| = = (21)(1 − 0.43) = 11.97,
d
ax:20| = äx:20| − 1 + 20 Ex = 11.97 − 1 + 0.25 = 11.22.
44/60
2009.
(#88, MLC–09–08) At interest rate i:

(i) äx = 5.6
(ii) The actuarial present value of a 2-year certain and life
annuity-due of 1 on (x) is äx:2|| = 5.6459.
(iii) ex = 8.83
(iv) ex+1 = 8.29
Calculate i.
(A) 0.077 (B) 0.079 (C) 0.081 (D) 0.083 (E) 0.084
45/60
2009.
(#88, MLC–09–08) At interest rate i:

(i) äx = 5.6
(ii) The actuarial present value of a 2-year certain and life
annuity-due of 1 on (x) is äx:2|| = 5.6459.
(iii) ex = 8.83
(iv) ex+1 = 8.29
Calculate i.
(A) 0.077 (B) 0.079 (C) 0.081 (D) 0.083 (E) 0.084
Solution: (B) From 8.83 = ex = px (1 + ex+1 ) = px 9.29, we get
8.83
that px = 9.29 = 0.9504843918. We have that
5.6459 = äx:2|| = 1 + v + v 2 px px+1 äx+2 ,

5.6 = äx = 1 + vpx + v 2 px px+1 äx+2
Hence, 5.6459 − 5.6 = 0.0459 = vqx and

1 + i = 1−0.9504843918
0.0459 = 1.07877142.
46/60
2009.
(#113, MLC–09–08) For a disability insurance claim:

(i) The claimant will receive payments at the rate of 20,000 per
year, payable continuously as long as she remains disabled.
(ii) The length of the payment period in years is a random variable
with the gamma distribution with parameters α = 2 and θ = 1.
That is, f (t) = te −t , t > 0
(iii) Payments begin immediately.
(iv) δ = 0.05
Calculate the actuarial present value of the disability payments at
the time of disability.
(A) 36,400 (B) 37,200 (C) 38,100 (D) 39,200 (E)
40,000
47/60
2009.
(B) We have that

h i Z ∞
E (20000)aT | = (20000)aT | te −t dt
0
Z ∞ Z ∞
1 − e −0.05t −t
= (20000) te dt = (20000)(20) (te −t − te −1.05t )
0 0.05 0

1
=(400000) 1 − = 37188.20862.
(1.05)2
48/60
2009.
(#114, MLC–09–08) For a special 3-year temporary life

annuity-due on (x), you are given: (i)
t Annuity Payment px+t

0 15 0.95
1 20 0.90
2 25 0.85
(ii) i = 0.06
Calculate the variance of the present value random variable for this
annuity.
(A) 91 (B) 102 (C) 114 (D) 127 (E) 139
49/60
2009.
(C) We have that:

if Tx ≤ 1, Ÿx:3| = 15,
if 1 < Tx ≤ 2, Ÿx:3| = 15 + 20(1.06)−1 = 33.8679245283019,
if 2 < Tx ,
Ÿx:3| = 15 + 20(1.06)−1 + 25(1.06)−2 = 56.1178355286579.
Hence,
E [Ÿx:3| ] = (15)(0.05) + (33.8679245283019)(0.95)(0.1)

+ (56.1178355286579)(0.95)(0.90)
=51.94820221,
E [(Ÿx:3| )2 ] = ((15)2 (0.05) + (33.8679245283019)2 (0.95)(0.1)
+ (56.1178355286579)2 (0.95)(0.90)
=2812.794252,
Var(Ÿx:3| ) = 2812.794252 − (51.94820221)2 = 114.1785391.
50/60
2009.
(#126, MLC–09–08) A government creates a fund to pay this

year’s lottery winners.
You are given:
(i) There are 100 winners each age 40.
(ii) Each winner receives payments of 10 per year for life, payable
annually, beginning immediately.
(iii) Mortality follows the Illustrative Life Table.
(iv) The lifetimes are independent.
(v) i = 0.06
(vi) The amount of the fund is determined, using the normal
approximation, such that the probability that the fund is sufficient
to make all payments is 95%.
Calculate the initial amount of the fund.
(A) 14,800 (B) 14,900 (C) 15,050 (D) 15,150 (E)
15,250
51/60
2009.
(E) Let Y = 100

P
j=1 10Ÿ40,j be the present value of the payments.
We have that
E [Y ] = (100)(10)ä40 = (100)(10)(14.8166) = 14816.6,

0.04863 − 0.161322
Var(Y ) = (100)(10)2 Var(Ÿ40 ) = (100)(10)2
(6/106)2
=70555.39333.
The initial amount√of the fund is

14816.6 + (1.645) 70555.39333 = 15253.54926.
52/60
2009.
(#130, MLC–09–08) A person age 40 wins 10,000 in the actuarial

lottery. Rather than receiving the money at once, the winner is
offered the actuarially equivalent option of receiving an annual
payment of K (at the beginning of each year) guaranteed for 10
years and continuing thereafter for life.
You are given:
(i) i = 0.04
(ii) A40 = 0.30
(iii) A50 = 0.35
(iv) A140:10| = 0.09
Calculate K .
(A) 538 (B) 541 (C) 545 (D) 548 (E) 551
53/60
2009.
(A) We have that
0.30 = A40 = A140:10| + 10 E40 · A50 = 0.09 + 10 E40 · 0.35,

0.30 − 0.09
10 E40 = = 0.6,
0.35
1 − 0.35
ä10| + 10 E40 ä50 = ä10| + (0.6) = 18.57533161,
d
10000
K= = 538.3483972.
18.57533161
54/60
2009.
(#140, MLC–09–08) Y is the present-value random variable for a

special 3-year temporary life annuity-due on (x). You are given:
(i) t px = 0.9t , t ≥ 0
(ii) K is the
 curtate-future-lifetime random variable for (x).
1.00, K = 0

(iii) Y = 1.87, K = 1

2.72, K = 2, 3, . . .

Calculate Var(Y ).
(A) 0.19 (B) 0.30 (C) 0.37 (D) 0.46 (E) 0.55
55/60
2009.
(B) We have that
P{K = 0} = 0.1, P{K = 1} = (0.9)(0.1) = 0.09,

P{K ≥ 2} = (0.9)(0.9) = 0.81,
E [Y ] = (1)(0.1) + (1.87)(0.09) + (2.72)(0.81) = 2.4715,
E [Y 2 ] = (1)2 (0.1) + (187)2 (0.09) + (2.72)2 (0.81) = 6.407425,
Var(Y ) = 6.407425 − (2.4715)2 = 0.29911275.
56/60
2009.
(#146, MLC–09–08) A fund is established to pay annuities to 100

independent lives age x. Each annuitant will receive 10,000 per
year continuously until death. You are given:
(i) δ = 0.06
(ii) Ax = 0.40
(iii) 2 Ax = 0.25
Calculate the amount (in millions) needed in the fund so that the
probability, using the normal approximation, is 0.90 that the fund
will be sufficient to provide the payments.
(A) 9.74 (B) 9.96 (C) 10.30 (D) 10.64 (E) 11.10
57/60
2009.
P100 4
(D) The present value of all annuities is Y = j=1 (10) Y x,j .
Hence,
1 − 0.40
E [Y ] = (100)(10)4 ax = (10)6 = (10)7 ,
0.06
0.25 − (0.40)2 0.09
Var(Y ) = (100)(10)8 Var(Y x ) = (10)10 2
= (10)10 .
(0.06) (0.06)2
The amount needed is

√
7 5 0.09
(10) + (1.28)(10) .
0.06
The amount (in millions) needed is
0.3
(10) + (0.128) = 10.64.
0.06
58/60
2009.
(#154, MLC–09–08) For a special 30-year deferred annual whole

life annuity-due of 1 on (35):
(i) If death occurs during the deferral period, the single benefit
premium is refunded without interest at the end of the year of
death.
(ii) ä65 = 9.90
(iii) A35:30| = 0.21
(iv) A135:30| = 0.07
Calculate the single benefit premium for this special deferred
annuity.
(A) 1.3 (B) 1.4 (C) 1.5 (D) 1.6 (E) 1.7
59/60
2009.
(C) Let π be the single benefit premium. We have that

π = πA135:30| + 35 E30 ä65 = 0.7π + 35 E30 (9.9). So,
35 E30 = A35:30| − A135:30| = 0.21 − 0.07 = 0.14,

(0.14)(9.9)
π= = 1.490322581.
1 − 0.07
60/60
2009.

Manual For SOA Exam MLC.: Chapter 5. Life Annuities Actuarial Problems

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Chapter 5. Life annuities.

Manual for SOA Exam MLC.

(#24, Exam M, Fall 2005) For a special increasing whole life

(#26, Exam M, Spring 2005) You are given:

1−e −δT (x)

(#37, Exam M, Spring 2005) Company ABC sets the contract

(C) Let ax be the contract premium. We have that

arev rev rev rev rev

The expected loss with the revised mortality rate is

The expected loss as a percentage of the contract premium is

(#11, Exam M, Fall 2005) For a group of 250 individuals age x,

Number of Annual annuity

Using the normal approximation, calculate the 95th percentile of

(E) The actuarial present value of this portfolio is

where U1 , . . . , U50 , V1 , . . . , V30 are independent r.v.’s, U1 , . . . , U50

(C) For each insured, the APV of the benefit is

(#33, Exam M, Fall 2006) You are given:

(#2, Exam MLC, Spring 2007) You are given:

(#23, Exam MLC, Spring 2007) For a three–year temporary life

(#23, Exam MLC, Spring 2007) For a three–year temporary life

(100)ä75:3| = 100 + (100)(1 + i)−1 p75 + (100)(1 + i)−1 p75 p76

(#29, Exam MLC, Spring 2007) For a special fully discrete,

(#7, MLC–09–08) For an annuity payable semiannually, you are

(C) We have that

(#11, MLC–09–08) For a group of individuals all age x, of which

(E) Solution 1: Let S = I (an individual is a smoker). We have

So, E [Y x |S] takes only two values and

Var(E [Y x |S]) = (0.3)(0.7) (5.56 − 7.14)2 = 0.524244.

E [Var(Y x |S)] = (0.3)(8.818) + (0.7)(8.503) = 8.5975,

Ax = (0.3)(0.444) + (0.7)(0.286) = 0.3334,

(#25, MLC–09–08) Your company currently offers a whole life

(#25, MLC–09–08) Your company currently offers a whole life

(#35, MLC–09–08) You are given:

(#35, MLC–09–08) You are given:

(#55, MLC–09–08) For a 20-year deferred whole life annuity-due

(B) The present value of the sum of the annuity payments is

The probability that the sum of the annuity payments actually

P{K45 − 20 > 13.66666667} = P{K45 > 33} = P{T45 > 33}

(#63, MLC–09–08) For a whole life insurance of 1 on (x), you are

(#67, MLC–09–08) For a continuous whole life annuity of 1 on

(#79, MLC–09–08) For a group of individuals all age x, you are

(D) We have that

(#86, MLC–09–08) You are given:

(B) We have that

20 |Ax = 20 Ex Ax+20 = (0.4)(0.25) = 0.1,

A1x:20| = Ax − 20 |Ax = 0.28 − 0.1 = 0.18,

(#88, MLC–09–08) At interest rate i:

(#88, MLC–09–08) At interest rate i:

5.6459 = äx:2|| = 1 + v + v 2 px px+1 äx+2 ,

Hence, 5.6459 − 5.6 = 0.0459 = vqx and

(#113, MLC–09–08) For a disability insurance claim:

(B) We have that

(#114, MLC–09–08) For a special 3-year temporary life

t Annuity Payment px+t

(C) We have that:

E [Ÿx:3| ] = (15)(0.05) + (33.8679245283019)(0.95)(0.1)

(#126, MLC–09–08) A government creates a fund to pay this

(E) Let Y = 100

E [Y ] = (100)(10)ä40 = (100)(10)(14.8166) = 14816.6,