Santero History

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SANTERO FESTIVAL

History

The Town of Macabebe is known as the home of santeros. A santero is a


craftsman who uses wood, ivory, cement or fiber glass to produce an
ecclesiastical art piece known as santo, usually an image of Christ,
the Blessed Virgin Mary or a saint.

Before the War, fishing and farming were the only means of livelihood of the
people of Macabebe. Santo making was then merely an expression of their
ingenuity, and the products were primarily for personal, not commercial, use.

Shortly before World War II broke out, Pablo “Ambo” Bautista thought of
opening a business/shop for santo making. He gathered all the local artisans
of Macabebe and opened his talyer in the town. Tatang Ambo was not an
artist, nor a sculptor, not even a painter. He was a businessman first and
foremost, who jumpstarted the santo industry in his town and it was in this
way that a livelihood for the people was opened and new artists emerged.

In the 1950s, he had a monopoly of the santo business in Pampanga, in


particular the escayola finish. The talyer of Tatang Ambo inspired other shops
to mushroom along the whole stretch of the town’s main road leading to the
plaza. Others found their way in the other towns of Pampanga and other
places outside of the province. Most shop owners were sculptors, painters, or
former helpers of Tatang Ambo’s talyer. Some were the sons of the old
carvers of Tatang Ambo like Adol Aguirre and Beben Garcia of Sto. Niño de
Escultura (in Balibago, Angeles City).

Tatang Ambo is now acknowledged as the father of the santo industry


of Macabebe, a tradition that has now been continued by Gener. His most
well-known commissions are the carved santos of the magnificent
gilded retablo of the Center for Kapampangan Studies of Holy Angel
University in Angeles City. The santos are miniature replicas of the patron
saints of the 20 towns of Pampanga, enthroned in the main altars of the
parish town church.

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