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    Class AB Power Amplifier

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    ajay
    The class AB power amplifier reduces crossover distortion by biasing the complementary output transistors with a small nonzero current at idle, allowing both transistors to conduct over the input signal range, whereas class B only has one transistor conducting at a time; this amplifier configuration results in one transistor taking over supplying the load current as the input voltage becomes more positive or negative while the other transistor's current decreases. The class AB amplifier provides similar operation to class B but with slightly lower efficiency in exchange for less distortion by having both output transistors continuously conducting a small idle current.

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    Class AB Power Amplifier

    Uploaded by

    ajay
    313 views16 pages
    The class AB power amplifier reduces crossover distortion by biasing the complementary output transistors with a small nonzero current at idle, allowing both transistors to conduct over the input signal range, whereas class B only has one transistor conducting at a time; this amplifier configuration results in one transistor taking over supplying the load current as the input voltage becomes more positive or negative while the other transistor's current decreases. The class AB amplifier provides similar operation to class B but with slightly lower efficiency in exchange for less distortion by having both output transistors continuously conducting a small idle current.

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    The class AB power amplifier reduces crossover distortion by biasing the complementary output transistors with a small nonzero current at idle, allowing both transistors to conduct over the input signal range, whereas class B only has one transistor conducting at a time; this amplifier configuration results in one transistor taking over supplying the load current as the input voltage becomes more positive or negative while the other transistor's current decreases. The class AB amplifier provides similar operation to class B but with slightly lower efficiency in exchange for less distortion by having both output transistors continuously conducting a small idle current.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    313 views16 pages

    Class AB Power Amplifier

    Uploaded by

    ajay
    The class AB power amplifier reduces crossover distortion by biasing the complementary output transistors with a small nonzero current at idle, allowing both transistors to conduct over the input signal range, whereas class B only has one transistor conducting at a time; this amplifier configuration results in one transistor taking over supplying the load current as the input voltage becomes more positive or negative while the other transistor's current decreases. The class AB amplifier provides similar operation to class B but with slightly lower efficiency in exchange for less distortion by having both output transistors continuously conducting a small idle current.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    Class-AB Power Amplifier

    Prof.Dr.G.Aarthi,AP(SG)
    Class AB Power Amplifier
    • Crossover distortion can be virtually eliminated by biasing the
    complementary output transistors at a small nonzero current.

    • The result is the class AB output stage shown in Figure.


    Class AB Power Amplifier
    • A bias voltage VBB is applied between

    the bases of QN and QP.

    • In the circuit VBB/2 appears across QN

    and QP the base emitter junctions; for

    vI = 0, vO = 0;

    • At that point, iN = iP = IQ = IS eVBB/2VT; -

    assuming the devices are matched.

    • VBB is so chosen to supply the

    required quiescent current IQ.


    Class AB Power Amplifier
    • When vI goes positive the voltage at the

    base of QN goes up by the same value and

    vO = vI + VBB/2 - vBEN;

    • This positive vo causes a current iL to flow

    into RL.

    • This causes iN to increase to iN = iP + iL

    causing vBEN to increase.

    • As iN increases iP decreases in the same

    proportion as IQ is constant.
    Class AB Power Amplifier
    • As vBEN raises above the VBB/2, a

    reduction in the bias voltage of QP

    ensues, leading to a drop in vBEP and iP;

    • Taking the loop equation

    • vBEN + vBEP = VBB; (1)

    • Applying Shockley’s equation, we get

    i i i
    • VT ln N+ VT ln P= 2VT ln Q;
    IS IS IS
    • or iNiP = IQ2  (2)

    • As iNiP = IQ2 an increase in iN results in a

    decrease in iP and vice versa.


    Class AB Power Amplifier
    • When vO is at its positive maximum, iP is so

    small that it can be ignored.

    • From the circuit, we have iP = iN- iL;

    • and (2) becomes iN2 - iNiL - IQ2 = 0

    • From the equations above, we can see that

    for positive input voltages, the load current is

    supplied by QN, which acts as the output

    emitter follower.

    • Meanwhile, QP will be conducting a current

    that decreases as vO increases; For large vO

    the current in QP can be ignored altogether.


    Class AB Power Amplifier
    • For negative input voltages the

    opposite occurs: The load current

    will be supplied by QP, which acts

    as the output emitter follower,

    while QN conducts a current that

    gets smaller as vI becomes more

    negative.
    Class AB Power Amplifier
    • The class AB operation is similar to class B, the only difference being
    at Q-point both QN and QP conduct a small current.

    • As the signal grows positive, QN takes over and for the negative half
    QP dominates.

    • i.e. for vI = 0, both QN and QP conduct equally. With vI > or < 0 the
    scene changes.

    • The conversion  of a class AB is slightly less than a class B.

    • A small price to reduce distortion!

    • The transistors of class AB will have higher capacity.


    Class AB Power Amplifier
    • The power relationships in the class AB stage are almost identical to

    those derived for the class B circuit

    • The only difference is that under quiescent conditions the

    class AB circuit dissipates a power of VCCIQ per transistor.

    • Since IQ is usually much smaller than the peak load current, the

    quiescent power dissipation is usually small.


    Transfer characteristic of the class AB stage
    Output Resistance
    • If we assume that the source supplying vI is ideal,
    then the output resistance of the class AB
    stage can be determined from the circuit as

    • where reN and reP are the small-signal emitter


    resistances of QN and QP, respectively.

    • At a given input voltage, the currents iN and iP can


    be determined, and reN and reP are given by
    Output Resistance
    • Thus

    • Since as iN increases, iP decreases, and vice versa,


    the output resistance remains approximately
    constant in the region around vI = 0.

    • This, in effect, is the reason for the virtual absence


    of crossover distortion.

    • At larger load currents, either iN or iP will be


    significant, and Rout decreases as the load current
    increases.
    Problem

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