Michael Scott

Professor Hunter

English 1201.507

October 20, 2019

Annotated Bibliography

The first source I analyzed was Sten Karlsson’s research paper called “What are the

value and implications of Two-car Households for the Electric Car?”, a paper written in 2017 as

a part of the Transportation Research board. In this article Sten Karlsson assess how a battery-

operated electric vehicle is currently being used in households in Sweden. He gathered statistics

and information from other scholarly sources to answer the question of how battery-operated

electric vehicles are being used in the country with the most electric vehicles per person. His

findings concluded that 79% of households with an electric vehicle also had a conventional

internal combustion engine vehicle as a sort of back up. He stated that the current power

density of electric vehicle’s batteries limited owners from making long distance trips and a

Second car was almost a necessity.

The writer’s purpose in this research paper was to evaluate the real-world use of electric

vehicles. The audience he was writing this article for are people interested in electric vehicles

and anyone who could find this information useful.

Sten Karlsson is Swedish statistician and research analyst. In this article he used his own

background and other scholarly sources from his research institute at Chalmers University in
Sweden to help organize this information into a mathematical conclusion. He used many charts

and equations to reach his conclusions. This paper is an extremely good resource in the way

electric vehicles are used and how they can be improved upon.

I would use this in my own research paper to help answer the question of if electric

vehicles are really going to replace internal combustion vehicles in the near future.

The second source for my research topic was an article titled, “Not so Fast, Electric Car:

Mazda Has Improve the Gasoline Engine to a Level That Even Tesla Should Respect.” This article

was published by Dan Carney and it covers the topic of Mazda’s newest internal combustion

engine and the advancements that have been made. The engine claims to be up to 30 percent

more fuel efficient than previous designs and can greatly improve vehicle fuel economy. This

shows that the internal combustion engine can likely be even more of a competitor to the

electric vehicle.

The purpose of this article is to show that the internal combustion engine vehicle is not

quite out the door yet and that the electric car will need more time to catch up to the viability

and practicality of the internal combustion engine.

This article is useful for my research paper because it shows that technology for the

internal combustion engine is advancing just as quickly and efficiently as electric cars. The

article is a scholarly source and uses Mazda’s own technical information as a source.

I can use this article in my research paper as a counter argument towards the electric

car. This article provides accurate information for both current electric vehicles and the new

Mazda engine.
 The next source I analyzed was a Book published by Charles Weiss and William

Bonvillian called “Technological Innovation in Legacy Sectors.” This book is about the United

States plans and technological goals for each sector of infrastructure. The book tells about how

the future may look in accordance to current United States technological achievements and

goals. The book talks about how the United States electronic grid is in serious need of repair

before ever being able to support the on coming energy demand needed for electric

transportation.

The writers purpose of this book is to show what needs to be done in the United States

to meet our increasing population, demand for energy, and pollution. The audience for

Americans looking to learn more on what needs to be done to for the continuation of our

country.

This book uses statistics, sources from government research, government institutes and

other factual sources. The book illustrates our need for infrastructure improvements in all

sectors. I would use this source in my research paper to show the need for improvement in

infrastructure before adopting electric cars nationwide.

The next source is an interview I had with Charles “Chuck” Taylor. Chuck is an instructor

at Sinclair in the Automotive building. I asked him many questions about the future for

automobiles and his main conclusions were that electric vehicles are going to be the future one

way or another. Current electric vehicles are not far off from taking over and the use of hybrids

will be largely important in the transition between internal combustion engines and fully
electric vehicles. Chuck believes that electric vehicles are important to the future of personal

transport

Chuck is an automotive expert and has worked in the automotive service industry for

more than 15 years. He is highly educated on the trends and new technology that is surfacing

every year.

I would use his personal opinions in my research proposal even though they aren’t

exactly able to be fact checked easily.

The next source that I will be using is an article in a periodical called “The Electric Car’s

Challenge” by Harry T. Roman. This article is about the major struggles that electric cars are

currently facing such as the limited range, sparsity of charging stations and the public’s opinion

on electric cars.

The writer’s purpose of this article was to state the current technology of electric cars

and the factors that need to be overcome before the electric car will be a widespread success

I would use this article to show how far electric cars have come since this article was

written in 2011. Modern electric cars have advanced a lot since this article was written showing

the quick growth in technology

The next source I will be using is a Film called “Better Place: Is Battery life killing the

Electric Car?” This film is pretty self explanatory in the title. The film tells about how battery

life, charge length and battery longevity is a big obstacle for the electric car. Most electric cars
batteries will not last longer than 10 years under optimal conditions and as little as 5 years

under normal use

The film director’s purpose was to inform about the main obstacle against electric cars.

The biggest challenge facing electric cars is the battery life and longevity as well as battery

density.

I would use this in my own research paper to show that Electric cars are not quite as

durable as the internal combustion engine car is. There needs to be a lot more improvements in

battery technology before electric cars take over as the predominant form of transportation.

Bibliography

“What Are the Value and Implications of Two-Car Households for the Electric Car?” Tramsportation

Research, Part C: Emerging Technologies, 2017, p. 1. EBSCOhost, doi:10.1016/j.trc.2017.05.001.

“Not so Fast: Electric Car: Mazda Has Improved the Gasoline Engine to a Level That Even Tesla Should

Respect.” IEEE Spectrum, Spectrum, IEEE, IEEE Spectr, no. 8, 2018, p. 20. EBSCOhost,

doi:10.1109/MSPEC.2018.8423579.

Bonvillian, William B., and Charles, Weiss. Six US Legacy Sectors : Energy, the Grid, Buildings, Air and

Auto Transport, and Manufacturing. Oxford University Press, 2015. EBSCOhost,

doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199374519.003.0006.
Roman, Harry T. “The Electric Cars Challenge.” Technology and Engineering Teacher, vol. 71, no. 1,

Sept. 2011, pp. 22–24. EBSCOhost,

search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eric&AN=EJ941851&site=eds-live.

van Vliet, Oscar, et al. “Energy Use, Cost and CO 2 Emissions of Electric Cars.” Journal of Power

Sources, Jan. 2010. EBSCOhost, doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2010.09.119.

“Dyson Pulls Plug on PS1bn Electric Cars; Tycoon Says Project Is Not Economically Viable.” Daily Mail

(London, England), 2019. EBSCOhost,

search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=edsgin&AN=edsgcl.602334045&site=eds-live.

“Better Place: Is Battery Life Killing the Electric Car?” FORA TV, NewsLook, Inc., 2013.

http://sinclair.ohionet.org:80/login?url=search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=edsgov&AN=ed

sgcl.324339575&site=eds-live, EBSCOhost,

search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=edsgov&AN=edsgcl.324339575&site=eds-live.

Daniels, Lynn. "https://www.greentechmedia.com/articles/read/electric-cars-are-not-bad-for-the-

environment." 18 July 2018. Green Tech Media. 20 October 2019.

Lesser, Jonathan. "https://www.politico.com/agenda/story/2018/05/15/are-electric-cars-worse-for-the-

environment-000660." 15 May 2018. Politico.com. 20 October 2019.

Interview: Taylor, Charles. The implications of electric vehicles Michael Scott. 20 October 2019.