Ammanarul Spining Done
Ammanarul Spining Done
Ammanarul Spining Done
I. ABOUT SPINNING:
The spinning industry, which has now spread itself over almost the entire inhabitable.
Globe in its great centers of population is undoubtedly one the most potent factory the word has
in its civilizing influence, and it has probably done has much more or even more in contributing
to the welfare of mankind and his progress as any other great branches of the industry.
Spinning is in its essential the practice of twisting and in the subject under consideration.
The name has been appropriated as a description of a complete process, in which a number of
loose fibers are bound together as one thread simply by the means of a twisting operation. The
practice of twisting for such a purpose is unquestionably by beginning and end of the whole art
In principle it remains today what it was in the beginning and two great objectives. Viz
that of bringing Into a smaller compass and more orderly conditions, a large number of loose
fibers to form a strand, and also by this means to enable the bound fibers to offer greater
resistance to being pulled as under which results in a greatly increased strength are today the
chief aims towards which all operation of modern spinning mill to attain perfection.
COMPANY PROFILE
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About the company:
original four promoters were Mr. C. Rangasamy, Mr. P. Palanivel, Mr. S. Lourdhusamy
The above-mentioned shareholders are the directors of the company. The details of
their appointment are enclosed in the Annexure to the project Report. Mr. S. Balaji
The company had changed its name from M/s. THAMMAMPATTY TEXTILES
The registered office of the company is situated at the mill premises itself; the
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The authorized capital of the company at present is Rs. 2,05,00,000. The paid up
capital is also Rs. 2,05,00,000. The company has increased the authorized capital to Rs.
3,30,00,000. The paid up capital of the company had also been increased to the extent.
YARN AND BLENDED YARN at present. The spinning mill houses four frames with
4,032 spindles. The present production per month is 50,000 Kgs of yarn.
A 300 KV transformer backs the company’s production and for the smooth
The company’s factory employs 15 persons in the blow room. Carding section,
drawing section and simplex section employs 4-6 persons each. Spinning department
requires 30 persons. Cone winding department employs 40 persons. Other than this there
are 4 supervisors for overseeing the work and there are about 15 technical and skilled
labours.
They are about 7 persons employed in the office. And the non-skilled workers
The company’s mill works in three shifts. The total production per month is
The directors of the company have vast and extensive contacts throughout the
yarn market of the country and all the directors, in their personal capacity, are involved in
yarn trading and marketing. The financial statement of the directors will amply show how
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much they are successful in yarn trade. The knowledge and experience of the directors
The company now proposes to install another EIGHT frames containing 8,064
spindles. This means that the company will be able to employ around 450 persons more.
This would be a real boom for the employment opportunity in this drought-ridden and
backward area. The labour in this area is cheap and available in plenty. Water availability
is sufficient even for the envisaged increase in capacity. Thammampatty is well linked by
roads to all parts of the State and hence transportation is not a problem at all.
will absorb the entire production of yarn. The agency agreement is enclosed in the
Annexure.
The company has borrowed a term loan from M/s. TAMILNADU INDUSTRIAL
INVESTMENT CORPORATION LIMITED for the plant and machinery. The sanctioned
limit was Rs. 2,51,31,000 and the disbursed loan was Rs. 1,44,54,300. The present
The company had borrowed a sum of Rs. 25,00,000 towards working capital from
Corporation Bank, Mullukurichi Branch. The loan had been repaid in full. For the present
the company is managing the working capital requirement from its own funds.
The company also enjoys IFST Facility from the commercial taxes department.
The outstanding amount as at 31st March 2004 was Rs. 24,35,050 only.
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Right from inception the company has incurred a cash loss. The company has
come up strongly despite major fire accident that occurred during the financial year 2000-
2001.
The reported turnover for the year ended 31st march 2004 was Rs. 5,26,915. The
increase in turnover from the earlier financial year amply demonstrates the giant leap the
Further Plans:
As stated earlier, all the directors of the company are involved in yarn trade and
business for the past several years. The directors had felt the potential for improvement
The company proposes to produce these additional products from the plant and
machinery to be installed:
ORGANIZATIONAL CHART:
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The organization chart is graphic means of showing major departments and divisions of
the enterprise and lines at formal authority departmentation is important for a well structured.
Here the managing director is the highest authority guiding and controlling the activities of the
1. Production Department
2. Stores Department
3. Marketing Department
4. Personnel Department
PRODUCTION DEPARTMENT
RAW MATERIAL
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The firm mainly purchased cotton, polyster, visco & color chemicals . Raw material
purchase based on demand.Customer wants to be rectified.And other raw materials are polyester
stable fibre.Visco stable fibre, and silk.Accurlik and raw cotton.Purchases are deliver through
PRODUCTION PROCESS
MIXING
BLOW ROOM
CARDING
COMBER
DRAWING
SIMPLEX
SPINNING
WINDING
CONE WINDING
PACKING
MIXING
This department plays an important role.In this department,the various varieties of cotton
are mixed ,according to their lenth,strength,fineness and maturity to get the required counts of
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yarn i.e.60s,80s etc.Usually four buckets of water and one liter firm soap oil is sprayed on the
spread cotton and kept for 24 hours before the next process.
BLOW ROOM
Mixed cotton is cleaned by removing the foreign matters and waste.This may consist of
seed coats,jute,etc.The output from this process is a uniform and clean sheet like form rolled in a
CARDING
`The proverb of the experts says, well carded is half spun’ and “effective carding
,efficient spinning”.All these 4 proverbs demonstrate that the immense significance of carding is
CARDING SILVER
The laps that are produced in a sheet form are sent to the carding section.The main aim of
carding is to eliminate short fibers and also elimination of laps which are formed in the blow
room.The process done here is that the cotton is completely open into individual fibers and the
CARDED SILVER
The silver produced after normal carding in the form of long thread like fibers called as
carded silver.These carded silvers are sent to drawing the next stage.
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COMBINED SILVER
The combined silver’s aim is to further removes short fibers and laps that are still present
in it.The comber process means just fibers are removed and fibers are arranged in parallel
formation .This combed silver is the best quality of silver than the carded.
SILVER LAP
The carding silvers are fed and by pressing them it is transformed into lap form. The
RIBBON LAP
Comber
It silver lap is fed and by drafting proceess. In this process process producing the high
quality sliver. It is the next stage of carding. Then go to the sliver into the simplex and spinning.
The main differend between drawing and comber is producing the high quality combed yarn.
– Get the output time of the comber sliver within 2.5 hours.
Drawing
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It is the fourth stage in the manufacturing process. In this eight slivers can be converted
Again 8 single can be converted into one silver. These are 8 machines installed in the
drawing room.
Processing time
Simplex operation
Sliver is converted into “Roving”. In this process sliver size is decreased. There are 8
machines located in the simplex operation. Each machine has 120 spindles. Spindles mean rod or
Processing time
Doubling
Twist the double thread into single thread. There are 32 doubling machines being the
doubling section. Each machine has 400 spindles. Twist than yarn according to the order
Packing
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Packing refers to the activities of designing and producing the container or wrapper for a
i. Cone packing
ii. According to the custmers requirement the packing is done by the packing
QUALITY
QUALITY POLICY
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These are the checking’s in the raw material to check the quality.
LABARATORY TESTING
Micro balance
Ulster tester3
Strength
Uniformity
Micro balance:
Co – efficient of variation in weight basis checking to use micro balance & rap real and
Black board:
Strength:
Quality control
On arrival each and every bale of all arrived lots are subject to quality assurance
approval. The quality firm cotton is assessed by tests done both manually and electronically. By
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The electronic method utilize “SPINLAB HVI – 900” machinery. The testing process is
very fast and also accurate. If the lot confirms the basic sample then it is accepted otherwise, it is
rejected and returned to supplier and the same is recorded in vendor evaluation record.
Product testing
It is final testing in the product to find the imperfection. The buyers accept the 495 –
U% 12.5
Thin 25.0
Thick 160.0
Naps 297.5
Total 495.0
It is one of the service departments. It is heart of the company. Store keeping is a service
function, which deals with the physical storage of goods under the custodianship of a person
Stock maintenance:
This company has the bin card maintenance. It has material name, receiving time,
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INVENTORY TECHNIQUES
The company is following the just in time (JIT) purchase the material according to their
need. They calculate the machine (parts) life. According to the depreciation, they purchase the
spare parts materials. The main requirement parts are bearing, gear wheels, packing materials,
ets.
Imported machines are followed the same process. According to the deprecition of parts,
Cotton
Bales
Mixing
Blend
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Blow room
Silver Ribbon
Drawing
Lap
Lap
Carding
Silver
Comber
Simplex
Roving’s
Spinning
Cops
Polyester and viscose is the raw material for production Yarn. The main function of this
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1. Samples Are Received From The Suppliers.
2. The Rough And Ready Method Of Drawing Samples Of Polyester & Viscose By
A. FINNESS
B. STRENGTH
C. MATURITY
E. TRASH CONTENT
STORES DEPARTMENT
Store represents cash. It should be carefully protected. Stores are checked and valued at
the close of a period. Since the value of stock usually of stock usually much greater, it is
FUNCTIONS
1. Receipt of Materials.
3. Record-Keeping And
4. Issue of Materials.
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OBJECTIVES
INVENTORY CONTROL
The storekeeper is fully in charge of the stores. He arranges all the essential and
frequently used goods in front and ensures the safety of the goods. He keeps records of all the
materials, which enter or exit the stores. This record helps him to verify the stock once in a
DISPOSAL
The storekeeper disposes all the waste and scraps once in a month regularly.
2. Stores Ledger.
3. Purchase Order.
4. Indent Note.
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6. Material Outgoing Note.
7. Gate Pass.
In this register, parts relation to different section such as blow room carding etc., are
issued on proper authorization and separate account are maintained for each section.
STORES LEDGER
The store ledger keeps a record of all materials that enter and exit stores. There are
separate store ledger for different section and hence parts entering or exiting the store are enters
PURCHASE ORDER
In this order, the manager and the supervisor consult the amount of material to be
purchased. The original copy is sent to the supplier and the duplicate copy is retained by the
storekeeper.
INDENT NOTE
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In this supervisors of various section collect whatever the workers need and submit to the
factory manager to section it to the indent and the store keeper issue the material and makes
The materials entering the store are properly entered as to form where it was purchased,
when it was purchased, what quantity and so on. the same entry will be entered in the stores
ledger.
The main raw materials are cotton, polyester and viscose fiber.
The cotton is available during season locally. The cotton market will provide samples
The polyester fiber is available from M/s reliance industries limited, with whom the
managing director Mr. S.Balajiprasad is closely associated as a dealer for the past so many years.
Viscose fiber is available from M/s Grasim industries limited. The viscose fiber is
The transport of raw materials and the yarn is mostly done by load. Thammampatty is
From the viscose & polyester go down, the bales are taken to the production department
for process, where the bales are opened and laid on the floor layer. This is called as mixing and
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the same is allowed to conditioning for 24 hours because it helps to improve the fibre strength.
The manufacturing process status from the mixing department and to get final product of
yarn. Polyester & viscose process into several departments which are as follow:-
1. BLOW ROOM
2. CARDING
3. DRAWING
4. SIMPLEX
5. SPINNING
6. WINDING and
7. PACKING.
PROCESS CHART
BLOW ROOM
CARDING
DRAWING
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BREAKING FINISHING
SIMPLEX
SPINNING
CONEWINDING
(CONE YERN)
PACKING MARKET
The raw materials will be processed in blow room first. The cotton and polyester or
viscose and polyesters, as the case may be, will be mixed together in the desired proportion and
after proper processing the ‘mixing oil’ is sprayed on the prepared raw material for conditioning.
The conditioning is for 24 hours and after the conditioning process is over the mixed raw
material will be fed in to the blow room machinery for making the ‘laps’.
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CARDING:
This department is very important one. Here carding machines are grouped together and
called carding department. The carding machine consists of parts like feed roll, liker – in,
The ‘lap’ is fed into carding machine through ‘lap rollers’. In the carding machine the
impurities are removed and the lap is converted in to ‘sliver’. The sliver is fed in to card canes.
Experts are considered that carding department is the “heart of the textile mills”.
DRAWING:
The carding canes are arranged two rows of eight canes and sixteen slivers come to a
same part in a polished plate though guide rolls. This arrangement is called as “creel”. Where the
sixteen combine to one this term technically called doubling of slivers. Those slivers passed
through 3-4 pairs of rollers, which are running in different speeds and it is called as drafting
rollers. The sliver material passed through the drafting rollers are pulled and parallelized and
SIMPLXE PROCESS
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The ‘Finished Sliver’ is now fed into speed frames, otherwise known as simplex. The
speed frame reduces the thickness of the yarn and resultant ‘Rowing’ is rolled in bobbins. The
SPINNING PROCESS:-
The ‘Rowing Bobbins’ are fed into spinning frames and here we get the yarn of desired
count. The finished product is rolled into paper cones by cone winders. Now the finished product
The delivered yarn is wound in the bare bobbin, which is done by rings & Travelers. In
spinning machine the important parts are creel, drafting rollers, top arm, apron, spindles, rings,
and travelers.
From spinning ring cops i.e. taken to cone winding (or) reeling Department according to
market requirement.
The yarns from spinning cops are converted into form of cone, which is around 1.50kg.
PACKING
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40 – 50 cones are packed in woven sacks and it is ready to into the market.
CENTRAL
GODOWN
BAL BORA MIXNG BLOWROOM
COTTON COTTON% LAP
POLYSTER%
VISCO%
CARDING
SLIVER
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COMBER
DRAWING
AUTO
SLIVER CONE
(UNIFORM) WINDING
SIMPLEX
ROWING
SPINNING WINDING
YARN CONES
CONE
WINDING PACKING
DESPATCH
BAGS
BOARD OF DIRECTORS
OFFICE MANAGER
FACTORY MANAGER
OFFICE
ACCOUNT SECURITY
STAFFS
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SUPERVISORS FITTERS ELECTRICIANS
LABOURS
PERSONNEL DEPARTMENT
with manpower resources. The time office controls all the activities relating to the
FUCTIONS
1. Grievance handling
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2. Maintenance of records
4. Discipline maintenance.
PERSONNEL MANAGENENT
Based on the requirement of the projected spin plan the requirement of men is
analyzed by the factory manager to the personnel department for arranging requirement.
3. Miscellaneous register.
5. Overtime register.
8. Fine register.
9. Accident record.
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Every worker is provided with a time card showing his number, classification of
work and on attendance each day, is to show it to the time keeper when entering the mill
and also at the time of leaving the mill. Workers are classified into two categories.
1. Trainees
2. Permanent
After recording new trainees they are properly trained by the supervisors in two or
there departments. After the successful completion of training, six months trained
labour are to be leased for work with senior labour. After successful completion of 2
WAGE STRUTURE:-
Other administrative staffs are paid according to their work nature experience &
Educational Qualification.
WAGE PAYMENT
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Wages are paid to workers once in a mo0nth usually it is 7th day of every month.
Both temporary & permanent employees are paid on the said date.
OTHER BENEFITS
Permanent workers are eligible for benefits like PF, EPF, Gratuity, Earned leave,
SHIFT
The mill is working round the clock of all days in the week.
I shift 8. AM to 4. PM
II shift 4. PM to 12. Am
Workers are coming for this respective shift to attend duty. They are given ½ hour break
Trainee labours = 60
Office staffs
1. Office manager =1
2. Clerk =2
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3. Accountant =1
4. Computer operator =1
5. Office peon =2
FACTORY STAFFS
1. Factory manager =1
2. Supervisors =7
3. Electricians = 10
4. Security = 12
5. Fitters =4
6. Godown security =1
7. Store keeper =2
WELFARE MEASURES
Introduction
. Labour has a dynamic role to play in the economic development of the country. If rapid
industrialization of the country is to be achieved; one of the most vital factors would be proper
handling of the labour. The importance of labour in the industrial system and in the planned
economy of the economy of the country has been recognized. Thus, by providing welfare
measures labour can be kept satisfied to work for the organization and ultimately for the nation
as whole.
Welfare Facilities
Canteen facility
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The token system is being followed. Permanent workers can get a token book once in a
Whereas the temporary workers have to pay the amount to get a token book.
Hospital facility
The management provides the hospital facilities tablets for the workers.
Safety Measures
Adequate safety measures with water fire extinguishers are provided through out the mill.
Drinking water
In the mill, effective arrangements have been made to provide drinking water at suitable
points conveniently for the employees sufficiently supply wholesome drinking water.
It is adequately lighted and ventilated. Sanitary workers are employed for keeping the
In more than 150 workers are ordinarily employed, adequate and suitable rest room and
Traveling allowance
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Each employee is provided leave card and kept in the custody of this department.
Supervisor if an employee wants to go leave he has to has to update his card and get
The company did not provide the incentive to the permanent workers. The incentives
Bonus
The employers pays bonus to the employees to stimulate them in the production process.
They will give bonus to workers once in a year dewily. The firm will give minimum
8.33% of bonus.
Increment
Increment only for workers like apprentice, trainee’s basis of their work. Six months once
increased 5 rupees. In starting period 50 rupees for 15 days and after 13 days the worker
Recruitment
Once year one time the staff selection will hold on January 1st fixed upon 9am by
Performance appraisal
trainees.
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FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE & FUTURE PLANS
Finance function assumes an important role in the company and is given equal
1. Financial Accounting
2. Internal Audit
3. Taxation
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FINANCIAL RESULT OF THE COMPANY:-
Right from inception the company has not incurred a cash loss. The company has come
up strongly despite the major fire accident that occurred during the financial year 2001 – 2002
FUTURE PLANS:-
All the directors of the company are involved in yarn trade and business for the past
several years. The directors had felt the potential for improvement and they want to take
MARKETING DEPARTMENT
MARKETING OF YARN
With numerous number of units in the country and especially the spinning mills in South
India leads to very stiff competition and marketing of the finished product depends upon the
individual efficiency of the units with different count patters being produced by industries both
small and big who are having machineries of both indigenous or imported and manufacturing the
The company’s mill works in three shifts. The total production per month is around
500000 kgs of yarn. The directors of the company have vast and extensive contacts throughout
the yarn market of the country and all the directors, in their personal capacity, are involved in
yarn trading and marketing. The financial statements of the directors will amply show much they
are successful in yarn trade. The knowledge and experience of the directors encourage them to
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MARKETING POLICIES:-
4. Know your present marketing through past performance and the future market by
present ones.
The materials, which are received in a damaged condition, are sent out of to
company, for service and while going out, it has to take a gate pass. These outgoing
GATE PASS
The gate pass is provided to all materials, which enter or exit the company
premises. There are two types of gate passes namely Returnable and Non- Returnable.
The waste and scrap goods are entered in this book and for materials entered in
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SUGGESTIONS
FINDING
After the completion of Industrial training I come to know the following facts and
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2. Hi-tech machines with proper maintenance were supportive factors to the
CONCLUSION
I gained wide knowledge about the company, their working duties and
people who ass willing to work. This industrial training gave me more confidence
about by futures. The overall study of the company gave me the clear picture of the
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