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    Basic Concepts of Polynomials

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    Jaff Lawrence
    This document introduces basic concepts about polynomials including: - Polynomials can be monomials (one term), binomials (two terms), or trinomials (three terms) - The degree of a polynomial is the highest degree of its terms, where the degree of a term is the exponent of its variable - Examples are provided to identify polynomials as monomials, binomials, trinomials or other polynomials, and to determine the degree of polynomials.

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    Basic Concepts of Polynomials

    Uploaded by

    Jaff Lawrence
    105 views3 pages
    This document introduces basic concepts about polynomials including: - Polynomials can be monomials (one term), binomials (two terms), or trinomials (three terms) - The degree of a polynomial is the highest degree of its terms, where the degree of a term is the exponent of its variable - Examples are provided to identify polynomials as monomials, binomials, trinomials or other polynomials, and to determine the degree of polynomials.

    Original Description:

    Identifying the characteristic properties of polynomials

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    This document introduces basic concepts about polynomials including: - Polynomials can be monomials (one term), binomials (two terms), or trinomials (three terms) - The degree of a polynomial is the highest degree of its terms, where the degree of a term is the exponent of its variable - Examples are provided to identify polynomials as monomials, binomials, trinomials or other polynomials, and to determine the degree of polynomials.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    105 views3 pages

    Basic Concepts of Polynomials

    Uploaded by

    Jaff Lawrence
    This document introduces basic concepts about polynomials including: - Polynomials can be monomials (one term), binomials (two terms), or trinomials (three terms) - The degree of a polynomial is the highest degree of its terms, where the degree of a term is the exponent of its variable - Examples are provided to identify polynomials as monomials, binomials, trinomials or other polynomials, and to determine the degree of polynomials.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 3

    Basic concepts of polynomials

    LEARNING OUTCOMES
     Identify whether a polynomial is a monomial, binomial, or trinomial
     Determine the degree of a polynomial

    Identify Polynomials, Monomials, Binomials, and Trinomials


    In Evaluate, Simplify, and Translate Expressions, you learned that a term is a constant or the
    product of a constant and one or more variables. When it is of the form axmaxm, where aa is
    a constant and mm is a whole number, it is called a monomial. A monomial, or a sum and/or
    difference of monomials, is called a polynomial.

    POLYNOMIALS
    polynomial—A monomial, or two or more monomials, combined by addition or subtraction
    monomial—A polynomial with exactly one term
    binomial— A polynomial with exactly two terms
    trinomial—A polynomial with exactly three terms

    Notice the roots:


     poly– means many
     mono– means one
     bi– means two
     tri– means three
    Here are some examples of polynomials:
    Polynomial b+1b+1 4y2−7y+24y2−7y+2 5x5−4x4+x3+8x2−9x+15x5−4x4+x3+8x2−9x+1

    Monomial 55 4b24b2 −9x3−9x3

    Binomial 3a−73a−7 y2−9y2−9 17x3+14x217x3+14x2

    Trinomial x2−5x+6x2−5x+6 4y2−7y+24y2−7y+2 5a4−3a3+a5a4−3a3+a


    Notice that every monomial, binomial, and trinomial is also a polynomial. They are special
    members of the family of polynomials and so they have special names. We use the words
    ‘monomial’, ‘binomial’, and ‘trinomial’ when referring to these special polynomials and just
    call all the rest ‘polynomials’.

    EXAMPLE
    Determine whether each polynomial is a monomial, binomial, trinomial, or other polynomial:
    1. 8x2−7x−98x2−7x−9
    2. −5a4−5a4
    3. x4−7x3−6x2+5x+2x4−7x3−6x2+5x+2
    4. 11−4y311−4y3
    5. nn
    Solution
    Polynomial Number of terms Type

    1. 8x2−7x−98x2−7x−9 33 Trinomial

    2. −5a4−5a4 11 Monomial

    3. x4−7x3−6x2+5x+2x4−7x3−6x2+5x+2 55 Polynomial

    4. 11−4y311−4y3 22 Binomial

    5. nn 11 Monomial
    TRY IT

    Determine the Degree of Polynomials


    In this section, we will work with polynomials that have only one variable in each term. The
    degree of a polynomial and the degree of its terms are determined by the exponents of the
    variable.
    A monomial that has no variable, just a constant, is a special case. The degree of a constant
    is 00 —it has no variable.

    DEGREE OF A POLYNOMIAL
    The degree of a term is the exponent of its variable.
    The degree of a constant is 00.
    The degree of a polynomial is the highest degree of all its terms.

    Let’s see how this works by looking at several polynomials. We’ll take it step by step, starting
    with monomials, and then progressing to polynomials with more terms.
    Remember: Any base written without an exponent has an implied exponent of 11.

    EXAMPLE
    Find the degree of the following polynomials:
    1. 4x4x
    2. 3x3−5x+73x3−5x+7
    3. −11−11
    4. −6x2+9x−3−6x2+9x−3
    5. 8x+28x+2
    Show Solution
    Solution
    1. 4x4x

    The exponent of xx is one. x=x1x=x1 The degree is 11.

    2. 3x3−5x+73x3−5x+7

    The highest degree of all the terms is 33. The degree is 33

    3. −11−11

    The degree of a constant is 00. The degree is 00.

    4. −6x2+9x−3−6x2+9x−3

    The highest degree of all the terms is 22. The degree is 22.

    5. 8x+28x+2

    The highest degree of all the terms is 11. The degree is 11.

    TRY IT

    Working with polynomials is easier when you list the terms in descending order of degrees.
    When a polynomial is written this way, it is said to be in standard form. Look back at the
    polynomials in the previous example. Notice that they are all written in standard form. Get in
    the habit of writing the term with the highest degree first.

    LICENSES AND ATTRIBUTIONS


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