Melanogaster), For Several Reasons Namely Easy To Breed, Can Produce Many Offspring in One

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CHAPTER I

This practicum discusses the morphological observation of fruit flies (Drosophila


melanogaster), which aims to determine and distinguish the characteristics of fruit flies
(Drosophila melanogaster) male and female. To distinguish the tip of the abdomen that exists
in male and female fruit flies, how the number of segments and body size of male and female
and whether they have a sex comb (sex comb). In fruit flies (Drosophila melanogaster) males
have a special characteristic that is having a sex comb that only exists in males, whereas fruit
flies (Drosophila melanogaster) females have a special characteristic that is at the tip of the
abdomen elongated and tapered.
One of the animals that is often used in genetic research is fruit flies (Drosophila
melanogaster), for several reasons namely easy to breed, can produce many offspring in one
cycle, the way to catch fruit flies (Drosophila menalogaster) is also very easy because
animals have habitat in the free nature. Fruit flies (Drosophila melanogaster) are found in the
market because of the places that are often infested with fruit flies, namely vegetables and
fruits that have been damaged or rotted. Fruit flies (Drosophila melanogaster) eat the fungus
found in rotten fruits and vegetables.
Fruit flies (Drosophila melanogaster) are pests that have significance for genetic
research. In 4000 species of fruit flies (Drosophila melanogaster) found in the world there
are about 35% of which are important pests in fruits including fruits that have high economic
value. Information about the presence of types of fruit flies in an area needs to be known and
reported as a step to anticipate and control the cultivated fruit plants. Fruit fly predators that
are commonly found are ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), spiders (Arachnids), Stafilinid
beetles (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae) and cocopets (Dermaptera). Biological control (the use of
natural fluids or biological agents) using parasitoid and predators to control or suppress fruit
fly populations has been done, but not yet implemented in Indonesia.
The life cycle of fruit flies ranges from 10 days to 2 weeks. Eggs are oval shaped with
a length of about 0.5 mm. At the anterior end there are two small spoon-like stems. In other
species the form is more than 2. The length of growth from egg to imago depends on air
temperature. At 25oC, the entire life cycle of fruit flies is approximately 10 days, while at
20oC the temperature is completed in 15 days. Above 30oC the growth of flies is disrupted,
can cause sterility.

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