Matrix Method-Truss Example

Matrix Method-Truss Example

Analyse the following truss shown below using the stiffness method to determine:
(a) The displacements of the loaded joint.
(b) Internal forces of each member and reactions at supports. Assume EA to be the same for each
member.

Solution:
First the truss joint and members are notated with numbers and directions as shown in the Figure
below.

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Structural Analysis III Page 1
Matrix Method-Truss Example

Stiffness member

  − −  
2 2

   y   y

 
AE     y  −  −
2 2

K  = 
y  y y 

 −  −   
2 2
L
 y   y 
 
 −   y −  
2 2
y  y y 
Member 1

L = 5m
−4 − 0 −3 − 0
x = = −0.8,  y = = −0.6
5 5
1 2 3 4
 0.64 0.48 −0.64 −0.48  1
 
AE  0.48 0.36 −0.48 −0.36  2
k1 =
5  −0.64 −0.48 0.64 0.48  3
 
 −0.48 −0.36 0.48 0.36  4

Member 2
L = 5m
−4 − 0 3−0
x = = −0.8,  y = = 0.6
5 5
1 2 5 6
 0.64 − 0.48 −0.64 0.48  1
 0.48 −0.36 
AE  −0.48 0.36 2
k2 =
5  −0.64 0.48 0.64 −0.48 5
 
 0.48 −0.36 −0.48 0.36  6

Member 3
L = 5m
4−0 −3 − 0
x = = 0.8,  y = = −0.6
5 5
1 2 7 8
 0.64 − 0.48 −0.64 0.48  1
 0.48 −0.36 
AE  −0.48 0.36 2
k3 =
5  −0.64 0.48 0.64 −0.48 7
 
 0.48 −0.36 −0.48 0.36  8

Global Matrix

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Matrix Method-Truss Example

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
 1.92 −0.48 −0.64 −0.48 −0.64 −0.64
0.48 
0.48 1
 −0.48 1.08 −0.48 −0.36 0.48 −0.36 −0.48 −0.36  2

 −0.64 −0.48 0.64 0.48 0 0 0 0  3
 
AE  −0.48 −0.36 0.48 0.36 0 0 0 0  4
kglobal =
5  −0.64 0.48 0 0 0.64 −0.48 0 0  5
 
 0.48 −0.36 0 0 −0.48 0.36 0 0  6
 −0.64 0.48 0 0 0 0 0.64 −0.48  7
 
 0.48 −0.36 0 0 0 0 −0.48 0.36  8

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
 Q1 = −50kN   1.92 −0.48 −0.64 −0.48 −0.64 0.48 −0.64 0.48   D1 
Q = −80kN   −0.48 1.08 −0.48 −0.36 0.48 −0.36 −0.48 −0.36   D 
 2     2 
 Q3   −0.64 −0.48 0.64 0.48 0 0 0 0   D3 = 0 
     
 Q4  = AE  −0.48 −0.36 0.48 0.36 0 0 0 0   D4 = 0 
 Q5  5  −0.64 0.48 0 0 0.64 −0.48 0 0   D5 = 0 
     
 Q6   0.48 −0.36 0 0 −0.48 0.36 0 0   D6 = 0 
 Q7   −0.64 0.48 0 0 0 0 0.64 −0.48   D = 0
     7 
 Q2   0.48 −0.36 0 0 0 0 −0.48 0.36   D8 = 0 

Qk   K11 K 21   Du  Qk = K11 Du + K 21 Dk Qk = K11 Du

Q  =  K K 22   Dk 

Qu = K12 Du + K 22 Dk
→ But, here Dk = 0.Thus,
Qu = K12 Du
 u   12

 −50 kN  AE  1.92 −0.48  D1   D1   −250.65 AE 

 −80 kN  = 5  −0.48 1.08   D    D  =  −481.77 AE 
    2  2  

Q3   −0.64 − 0.48  Q3   78.33kN 

Q   −0.48 
−0.36  Q   58.75 kN 
 4   4  
Q5  AE  −0.64 0.48   −250.65 AE  Q5   −14.17 kN 
 =     = 
Q6  5  0.48 −0.36   −481.77 AE  Q6   10.63kN 
Q7   −0.64 0.48  Q7   −14.17 kN 
       
Q8   0.48 −0.36   Q8   10.63kN 

Member internal forces

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Matrix Method-Truss Example

Member1
 −250.65 
 D1   AE 
D   
AE  2 AE  −481.77 
 qN 1 =    y − x − y      qN 1 =   −0.8 −0.6 0.8 0.6  
L   D3  5  AE 
 D4   0 
 
 0 
 qN 1 = 97.92 kN (T)
Member 2
 −250.65 
 D1   AE 
D   
AE   AE  −481.77 
 qN 2 =    y − x − y   2    qN 2 =   −0.8 0.6 0.8 −0.6  
L   D5  5  AE 
 D6   0 
 
 0 
 qN 2 = − 17.71kN (C)
Member 3
 −250.65 
 D1   AE 
D   
AE  2 AE  −481.77 
 qN 3 =    y − x − y      qN 3 =   0.8 −0.6 −0.8 +0.6  
L   D7  5  AE 
 D8   0 
 
 0 
 qN 3 =17.71kN (T)

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Structural Analysis III Page 4