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    Moisture Analysis of Metal Powder Samples by Karl Fischer Titration

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    Giridharan Venkatesh
    Moisture content in metal powders used for additive manufacturing needs to be carefully controlled. Karl Fischer titration is an accurate method to measure moisture levels down to 0.001%. It works by heating samples in an inert gas and measuring the electrochemical reaction of released water. LPW analyzes triplicate 5g powder samples sealed in vials and returns electronic reports while maintaining strict confidentiality.

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    Moisture Analysis of Metal Powder Samples by Karl Fischer Titration

    Uploaded by

    Giridharan Venkatesh
    45 views2 pages
    Moisture content in metal powders used for additive manufacturing needs to be carefully controlled. Karl Fischer titration is an accurate method to measure moisture levels down to 0.001%. It works by heating samples in an inert gas and measuring the electrochemical reaction of released water. LPW analyzes triplicate 5g powder samples sealed in vials and returns electronic reports while maintaining strict confidentiality.

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    Moisture test on metals

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    Moisture test

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    Moisture content in metal powders used for additive manufacturing needs to be carefully controlled. Karl Fischer titration is an accurate method to measure moisture levels down to 0.001%. It works by heating samples in an inert gas and measuring the electrochemical reaction of released water. LPW analyzes triplicate 5g powder samples sealed in vials and returns electronic reports while maintaining strict confidentiality.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    45 views2 pages

    Moisture Analysis of Metal Powder Samples by Karl Fischer Titration

    Uploaded by

    Giridharan Venkatesh
    Moisture content in metal powders used for additive manufacturing needs to be carefully controlled. Karl Fischer titration is an accurate method to measure moisture levels down to 0.001%. It works by heating samples in an inert gas and measuring the electrochemical reaction of released water. LPW analyzes triplicate 5g powder samples sealed in vials and returns electronic reports while maintaining strict confidentiality.

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    POWDERLAB ANALYTICAL SERVICES

    Moisture Analysis by Titration

    Moisture Analysis of Metal Powder Samples by


    Karl Fischer Titration
    Why measure the moisture content of metal powder for
    Additive Manufacturing applications?
    Metal powders can be sensitive to many factors that will
    influence the way they behave in the Additive
    Manufacturing (AM) process. In general, powder flow will
    decrease with an increase in the moisture content, and a
    material that does not flow reproducibly could leave voids
    in the build envelope resulting in porosity, crack initiation
    sites, and poor mechanical properties in the final product.

    Moisture content can affect the reproducibility of


    optimised parameters, potentially introducing variability
    into the build process. It can lead to gas entrapment within
    the built part, and the dissociation of water can potentially
    release extra oxygen and hydrogen into the AM process.

    In the event of a build issue, understanding the powder’s


    moisture content through repeated builds can help to
    inform whether the problem is attributable to the powder,
    the environment, or the process, adding confidence in the
    integrity of the components and reducing overall build
    down time.

    Why choose Karl Fischer Titration?


    Karl Fischer Titration is a fast, precise test that can determine 0.001 to 100% moisture (water) content in solids,
    liquids and gases, all of which may be present in metal powders. It is accurate to within 1% of the moisture
    detected in the sample, and is suitable for all metal powders and alloys.

    In contrast to the ‘loss of mass on drying’ technique which will detect the loss of any volatile substance, Karl
    Fischer Titration is selective for water. Furthermore, lower levels of moisture can be detected than for any
    alternative technique. There are two methods of Karl Fischer Titration, coulometric and volumetric, LPW uses
    the coulometric method which can measure the lowest levels of water.

    Karl Fischer Titration Methodology


    The test is undertaken in a laboratory environment using specialised equipment which is stabilised before each
    analysis is run. Three 5g samples of the metal powder are required to run the analysis in triplicate, delivering
    confidence in the results. The powder samples are weighed at site then sent to LPW’s laboratory in
    hermetically sealed vials, the packaging and vials are supplied by LPW.

    For worldwide contact details please visit www.lpwtechnology.com


    POWDERLAB ANALYTICAL SERVICES
    Moisture Analysis by Titration

    Three additional vials are provided to collect blank reference samples, ensuring that local ambient moisture
    levels can be measured and accounted for in the results.

    As the powder samples are heated, water is released and transferred via an inert carrier gas to a titrator cell
    where an electrochemical reaction occurs, yielding the moisture content, reported in ppm (parts per million).
    It is this electrochemical reaction which results in the specificity of the test for water. Analysis reports are
    returned electronically via LPW’s secure, encrypted system and treated in the strictest of confidence.

    Additional Metal Powder and Additive Manufacturing Testing Services


    LPW’s PowderLab offers a full suite of tests for enhanced characterisation of powders, fully optimised for
    specific applications. With our 3D printing industry expertise, we can also test AM components in validation
    studies and root cause analysis of failed builds.

    Chemical Analysis
    Full Chemical Analysis is available including residual elements and interstitials using various techniques as
    appropriate, undertaken by ISO17025/Nadcap Approved Lab

    • Oxygen, Nitrogen, and Hydrogen Analysis by Inert Gas Fusion


    • Elemental Analysis/Contamination Screening (EDX)
    • Moisture Analysis by Karl Fischer titration

    Physical Analysis
    A range of physical tests is available including:

    • Apparent/Bulk Density (measurement according to ASTM B212)


    • Tap Density (ASTM B527)
    • Hall Flow (ASTM B213)
    • Angle of Repose (LPW standardised internal procedure)
    • Sieve Analysis (ASTM B214)
    • Particle Size Distribution by Laser Size Diffraction (ASTM B822)
    • Powder Imaging (SEM)
    • Powder Cross-Section/Porosity Imaging (SEM)
    • Metallographic sample preparation & examination (SEM)
    • Rheometry and Shear Cell Analysis
    • True Density by Helium Gas Pycnometry (ASTM B923)
    • Quantitative Shape Analysis (Optical & SEM)

    All our testing is undertaken to ASTM as standard with ISO available on request, adding consistency and
    confidence to your process.

    For further information on any of our analytical testing services, please contact your local LPW office at
    www.lpwtechnology.com/contact-us/

    For worldwide contact details please visit www.lpwtechnology.com

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