Mobile Networks Generations

Universidad Piloto de Colombia
Laura Milena Castillo Talero

David Santiago Laverde Rojas
Next Generation Networks (NGN)
Mobile Networks Generations

As technology advances, communication networks evolve in such a way that they provide
more services to users. This document will show the different generations of mobile networks
that exist and how they differ.
First Generation (1G): The first automated communication network was launched in 1979
in Japan by NTT (Nippon Telegraph and Telephone) and in 1981 by the Mobile Telephony
Nordica (NMT) system in Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden. This generation uses
analog technology and offered only the voice service which is bad and has no security
because voice calls are played on radio towers. It’s frequency is between 800 and 900 MHz,
it’s speed is 1kbps to 2.4kpbs and it uses an RF bandwidth - 30 kHz. The standards used are:
NMT (mainly in Nordic countries, Holland, Eastern Europe, Russia), AMPS (United States),
TACS (United Kingdom), C-450 (East Germany, Portugal and South Africa), TMA (Spain),
Radiocom 2000 (France) and RTMI (Italy).
Second Generation (2G): It was launched around 1990 and provided voice, digital data and
international roaming. It uses digital technology and offers different services including digital
voice, SMS, call transfer, call blocking, caller ID, billing based on the services used, etc. The
standards used are: GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications), IS-95 (CDMA), JDC
(Japanese Digital Cellular) and iDEN. It’s frequency band is between 850 - 1900 MHz in
GSM and 825 - 849 MHZ in CDMA and its bandwidth is divided, by GSM, into 200kHz
channels in 25kHz blocks and the CDMA channel is nominally 1.23MHz.
Generation 2.5: It is an extension of the second generation, between 2000 and 2003, where
the packet network is introduced to provide high-speed data transfer and Internet. The
standards used are: GPRS (General Radio Package Service) and EDGE (Improved data
speeds in GSM). Its speed is 115kbps (GPRS) and 384 kbps (EDGE). The services offered
are push to talk, multimedia, search, directory, access to email, videoconferencing, among
others.
Third Generation (3G): It was launched in 2000 and its objective was to offer an increase in
data rates, facilitate growth, increased voice and data capacity, support for various
applications and high data transmission at low cost. The standards used are: GSM-based
UMTS, CDMA 2000 and TD-SCDMA radio interface. It’s frequency is 8 to 2.5 GHz, it’s
bandwidth is given from 5 to 20 MHz and its speed is 384 kbps to 2 Mbps. The services it
offers are mobile voice telephony, high speed Internet access, Fixed wireless Internet access,
video calls, chat and conferences, mobile television, video on demand, location-based
services, telemedicine, Internet browsing, email, pagers, among others.
Fourth Generation (4G): Its beginnings are in 2008 where you specify the requirements for
these systems and it is launched in 2010 based entirely on IP. The standards used are: LTE-
TDD (Long-Term Evolution Time-Division Duplex) and mobile WiMAX (802.16 by IEEE).
It uses IP telephony, wider frequency channel bandwidth and provides services such as
mobile web access, IP telephony, gaming services, high definition mobile TV,
Universidad Piloto de Colombia
Laura Milena Castillo Talero
David Santiago Laverde Rojas
Next Generation Networks (NGN)
videoconferencing, 3D television, cloud computing, among others. Its bandwidth is 5 to 20

MHz (optionally up to 40 MHz), its speed is 100 Mbps in motion and Gbps when it remains
motionless, and its frequency bands vary as follows: In North America 700 are used , 750,
800, 850, 1900, 1700/2100 (AWS), 2300 (WCS) 2500 and 2600 MHz (bands 2, 4, 5, 7, 12,
13, 17, 25, 26, 30, 41); 2500 MHz in South America; 700, 800, 900, 1800, 2600 MHz in
Europe (bands 3, 7, 20); 800, 1800 and 2600 MHz in Asia (bands 1, 3, 5, 7, 8, 11, 13, 40)
1800 MHz and 2300 MHz in Australia and New Zealand (bands 3, 40). It is worth mentioning
that to use the 4G mobile communication network, user terminals must be able to select the
destination wireless system.
Fifth Generation (5G): It has its beginning in 2015 and was looking for a reduction in
network power consumption, broadband speed, routing based on IP addresses that are
different in each IP network worldwide. It is an Open Wireless Architecture (OWA)
technology that overcomes bit loss through the Open Transport Protocol (OTP) and advances
a true wireless world Wireless-World Wide Web (WWWW). Its speed is 1 to 10 Gbps, it has
a bandwidth of 1000 x surface unit, its frequency is 3 to 300 GHz and it contains a virtualized
infrastructure. It supports the Internet of Things and M2M - 100 times more connected
devices, indoor coverage and signaling efficiency, and it's standards are: IP LAN / WAN /
PAN & WWWW.
WEBGRAFÍA
WIKIPEDIA (s.f.) Telefonía móvil 1G. Recovered from:

https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telefon%C3%ADa_m%C3%B3vil_1G
Equipo de Expertos (s.f.) Evolución de la red de comunicación móvil, del 1G al 5G. Universidad
Internacional de Valencia. Recovered from: https://www.universidadviu.com/evolucion-la-red-
comunicacion-movil-del-1g-al-5g/

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Universidad Piloto de Colombia

Laura Milena Castillo Talero

Mobile Networks Generations

videoconferencing, 3D television, cloud computing, among others. Its bandwidth is 5 to 20

WIKIPEDIA (s.f.) Telefonía móvil 1G. Recovered from:

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