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    How To Write A Lab Report (Earth Science) : Objectives

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    JezterE.BalladosItsuji
    The document provides guidelines for writing an effective lab report for an earth science class. It outlines the key sections of a lab report, including an introduction with objectives and hypotheses, an experiment section describing procedures, a data section for presenting observations and quantitative results, an analysis section for calculations and graphs, and a discussion section for conclusions, evaluating the experiment, and discussing real-world connections. Students are advised to write in third person, avoid plagiarism, and ensure their reports have proper organization, grammar, and scientific terminology.

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    How To Write A Lab Report (Earth Science) : Objectives

    Uploaded by

    JezterE.BalladosItsuji
    20 views2 pages
    The document provides guidelines for writing an effective lab report for an earth science class. It outlines the key sections of a lab report, including an introduction with objectives and hypotheses, an experiment section describing procedures, a data section for presenting observations and quantitative results, an analysis section for calculations and graphs, and a discussion section for conclusions, evaluating the experiment, and discussing real-world connections. Students are advised to write in third person, avoid plagiarism, and ensure their reports have proper organization, grammar, and scientific terminology.

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    The document provides guidelines for writing an effective lab report for an earth science class. It outlines the key sections of a lab report, including an introduction with objectives and hypotheses, an experiment section describing procedures, a data section for presenting observations and quantitative results, an analysis section for calculations and graphs, and a discussion section for conclusions, evaluating the experiment, and discussing real-world connections. Students are advised to write in third person, avoid plagiarism, and ensure their reports have proper organization, grammar, and scientific terminology.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    20 views2 pages

    How To Write A Lab Report (Earth Science) : Objectives

    Uploaded by

    JezterE.BalladosItsuji
    The document provides guidelines for writing an effective lab report for an earth science class. It outlines the key sections of a lab report, including an introduction with objectives and hypotheses, an experiment section describing procedures, a data section for presenting observations and quantitative results, an analysis section for calculations and graphs, and a discussion section for conclusions, evaluating the experiment, and discussing real-world connections. Students are advised to write in third person, avoid plagiarism, and ensure their reports have proper organization, grammar, and scientific terminology.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    of 2

    How To Write A Lab Report (Earth Science)

    Title
    o The title should be informative and should relate the independent and dependent variables. Therefore, it must
    be more than “Lab Report”.
    Introduction
    o Objectives
    § State the specific question that you are trying to answer in your lab investigation, this is your problem
    statement. The independent and dependent variables should be clearly and correctly present in this
    statement.
    o Background Information
    § Briefly describe the social/technological problem being addressed by conducting the laboratory
    investigation.
    § Provide relevant definitions of vocabulary or concepts related to the investigation.
    § Make connections between the laboratory investigation and topics currently being studied or subjects
    discussed in previous or different classes.

    o Variables and Constants:


    § Clearly identifies both the independent and dependent variables.
    § List at least three constants of the experiment (the factors you will not change).
    § Describe the control, if applicable.

    o Hypothesis:
    § When applicable, describe the effect you expect the independent variable to have on the dependent
    variable.
    § Explain why you believe that this relationship exists using prior science knowledge or personal
    experience.
    Experiment
    o Procedure: In your own words and complete sentences, provide a list of detailed steps taken to carry out the
    experiment.
    § Make sure steps are detailed enough that the experiment can be duplicated from what is written. Be as
    specific as possible!!
    § DO NOT include gather materials, clean up, or any inquiry processes, such as select a variable,
    design the experiment, calculate values, draw conclusions, and write a report.
    § Make a detailed list of the materials, including the amount of each material used in the experiment.

    Data
    o Observations: Include a descriptive paragraph of relevant information you gathered during the lab
    investigation with your five senses. Avoid personal words.

    o Data: Quantitative data collected during your experiment should be presented in a neat and organized table.
    Do not include any calculated data, i.e. averages, this will be presented in a separate section.
    § Data Table must include titles, labels and appropriate units!
    § Report all data you collected, even if you think you made a mistake. Include it anyway!

    Analysis of Results
    o Calculated Data Table: All computed values, including but not limited to averages, should be presented in a
    neat and organized table.
    § Data Table must include titles, labels and appropriate units!
    o Sample Calculations: For each computed value in your table you must include a sample calculation. The
    percent error or estimate of precision must be included, where applicable.
    o Graph: Data must be presented visually in an appropriate graph that is neat and follows the graphing rules
    discussed in class.
    § Your graph must include a best fit line, trend line.
    § You have one sentence identifying the trend of your graph as a direct, inverse or no relationship.
    Discussion
    o Conclusion Statement:
    § Restate the problem/lab question for the experiment. Then, provide a logical and accurate answer to
    this question based on the data collected during your experiment.
    § Reference specific data from your table and/or your graph that demonstrates the relationship you
    indicated as the answer to the problem posed in the experiment. i.e. Explain how you came up with
    the answer you did using this data.
    § Restate the hypothesis you made at the beginning of the experiment.
    § Explain whether or not the data supported your hypothesis.

    o Evaluate Your Experiment:


    § Validity: State whether or not you think your experiment was valid by answering the question: Are
    you confident that the independent variable did in fact cause the change seen in the dependent variable?

    • If you think it was valid:


    o Explain why by showing how you conducted a “fair” experiment by selecting two
    constants and discussing why its important they remained the same by explaining
    what specifically would have happen if you changed these constants.

    • If you think it was invalid:


    o Discuss missing constants.
    o Discuss constants that you had difficulty keeping the same.
    o Discuss the effect these missing or changed constants had on your results.

    § Reliability: State whether or not you think your experiment is reliable by looking at the variation in
    the data from trial to trial.
    • Calculate the range in the trials and use this to support your ideas.

    § Sources of Error: Identify at least two sources of error in YOUR experiment and discuss the possible
    effects these errors could have had on your results.
    • DO NOT say that your lab procedure was perfect!
    • Human error, blaming your lab partner, and the equipment was broken are NOT
    ACCEPTABLE sources of error.
    • Messy lab technique, such as “not reading the ruler correctly” or “I may have made a mistake
    when measuring”, is NOT AN ACCEPTABLE source of error.
    § Improvements: Identify at least two improvements to your experiment or future experiments that can
    better answer the posed problem using the resources available (not a new problem!).
    Summary
    o Conclusion Statement: Write one or two sentences summarizing the major finding of the investigation.

    o Real World Connection: Identify how the results of this experiment are connected to the topics discussed in
    class and/or your research.

    Overall Product
    o Organization/Focus: Your lab should be organized and focused in the above order and labeled with section
    headings.

    o Grammar & Spelling: Use complete sentences and proper punctuation, spelling, and scientific terminology.

    o Tense: Your report should be written in 3rd person, avoid using personal pronouns.

    o Works Cited: Properly reference any sources used to write your background section of the report.

    Plagiarism: Plagiarism is strictly forbidden. Collaboration is encouraged, but any lab reports with “word-for-word”
    copied purpose, procedures, results, discussion, or conclusions will result in a significant loss of points.

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