Plumbing System

Plumbing system
-The art and technique of installing pipes, fixtures, and other apparatuses in buildings for
bringing in the supply of liquids, substances and ingredients and removing them
Coagulation and precipitation

-Addition of chemicals, such as ferrous sulfate and lime, to the water which cause the larger
suspended particles to form a gelatinous mass which precipitates readily.
Chlorination
-Water is injected with hypo-chlorite or chlorine gas to kill harmful bacteria
Filtration
-Water is passed through layers of sand and gravel in concrete basins in order to remove the
finer suspended particles
Air gap
-The unobstructed vertical distance through the free atmosphere between the lowest opening
from any pipe or faucet supplying water to a tank, plumbing fixture or other device and the
flood level rim of the receptacle
Water cycle
-Water falls to the earth in the form of precipitation. It drains into rivers, lakes and streams
either naturally or via constructed storm water drainage system
Plumbarius
-Refers to an individual who worked in the sanitation field of ancient rome
Plumbing system
-The art and technique of installing pipes, fixtures, and other apparatuses in buildings for
bringing in the supply of liquids, substances and ingredients and removing them
Coagulation and precipitation

-Addition of chemicals, such as ferrous sulfate and lime, to the water which cause the larger
suspended particles to form a gelatinous mass which precipitates readily.
Chlorination
-Water is injected with hypo-chlorite or chlorine gas to kill harmful bacteria
Filtration
-Water is passed through layers of sand and gravel in concrete basins in order to remove the
finer suspended particles
Air gap
-The unobstructed vertical distance through the free atmosphere between the lowest opening
from any pipe or faucet supplying water to a tank, plumbing fixture or other device and the
flood level rim of the receptacle
Water cycle
-Water falls to the earth in the form of precipitation. It drains into rivers, lakes and streams
either naturally or via constructed storm water drainage system
Plumbarius
-Refers to an individual who worked in the sanitation field of ancient rome
Water main
-A main pipe or conduit through which a public or community water system conveys water to all
service connections
Water distribution pipes

-A pipe which conveys potable water from the building supply pipe to the plumbing foxtures
and other outlets
Pump
-Simple mechanism that produces a vacuum within itself and permits the lifting of water from
the source supply by atmospheric pressure
Dug well
-Most common type of well, shaft is excavated and installed with a casing; shallow construction
Drilled well
-A hole is made by rotary drilling machine installing a casing and a screen. Can reach up to 1000
meters
Centrifugal pump
-Associated with distribution systems of tall buildings; build with an impeller/ water wheel
Faucet
-A device for controlling the flow of a liquid from a pipe by opening or closing an orifice
Plumbing fixture
-Receptacles which are used to provide, recieve and discharge water, liquid and water-carried
wastes into a drainage system with which they are connected to
Septic tank
-A covered watertight tank for receiving the discharge from a building sewer separating out the
solid organic matter which is decomposed and purified by anaerobic bacteria and allowing the
clarified liquid to discharge for final disposal
Wash down
-Discharged waste into a trapway located at the front of the bowl, has a bulge on the front and
flushes through a simple wash down action
Siphon vortex
-Less noisy and very efficient, flushing action is started by a whirlpool motion followed by a
complete flushdown.
Trap
-A u-shaped or s-shaped section of drain pipe in which liquid remains and forms a seal for
preventing the passage of sewer gas without affecting the normal flor of waste water or sewage
through it
Back flow
-The column of water that is retained between the overflow and the dip of the trap
Ventilation
-Portion of the drainage pipe installation intended to maintain a balanced atmospheric pressure
inside the system
Water closet
-A plumbing fixture used to convey organic body waste to the plumbing system.
Bidet
-A plumbing fixture designed for cleaning the most precious, delicate parts.
Bathtub
-An oblong tub to bathe in especially one that is permanent fixture in a bathroom
Sink
-A basin, as in a kitchen or laundry connected with water supply and drainage system for
washing
Scum
-A layer of sewage matter or light organic materials that rises to the surface of the sewage in a
septic tank
Sludge
-Sediments that settles out of sewage forming a semi-solid mass on the bottom of a septic tank
Reverse trap
-A water closet where flushes through a siphon action created in the trapway
Main vent
-The principal artery of the venting system to which vent branches are connected
Cesspools
-A non-watertight lined excavation in the ground which recieves the discharge of sanitaty
drainage system, designed to retain the organic matter but permitting the liquid to seep through
the pit bottom and sides
Sanitary sewers
-Carries regular sanitary wastes
Grease traps
-Used for fixtures where grease may be introduced into the drainage or sewer system in
quantities that can effect line stoppage or hinder sewage treatment or private sewage disposal
Trap seal loss

-Direct effect of the minus and plus pressure inside the system due to inadequate ventilation of
traps
Privy
-A concrete sealed vault with a wooden shelter constructed for the collection of raw sewage
Dual vent
-An arrangement of venting so installed that one vent pipe serve two traps
Vent pipe
-A pipe or opening used for ensuring the circulation of air in a plumbing system and for relieving
the negative pressure exerted on trap seals
Jacuzzis
-Brand name of a luxury type bathtubs
Aerobic bacteria
-A bacteria which relies an oxygen to survive
Grey water
-Waste water with the exception of human wastes

Plumbing System

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Plumbing System

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Plumbing system

Coagulation and precipitation

Coagulation and precipitation

Water distribution pipes

Trap seal loss

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