Refrigerator and Air Conditioning

(Unit – III)
Assignment-Cum-Tutorial Questions
A. Questions testing the remembering / understanding level of students
I) Objective Questions
1) In vapour absorption refrigeration system, the compressor is replaced with ……………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
2) In lithium bromide – water vapour absorption refrigeration system ………………………….. is the
refrigerant and ……………………………………………….. is the adsorbent
3) Which of the following is a three fluid system?
a) Aqua Ammonia b) Lithium bromide-water c) Electrolux refrigerator d) steam jet
4) Which of the following refrigeration systems work under vacuum pressures?
i) Electrolux refrigerator ii) Aqua Ammonia vapour absorption
iii) Lithium bromide – water vapour absorption iv) Steam jet refrigeration
a) i only b) iii & iv c) iii only d) i, iii & iv
5) In which of the following refrigeration systems, water is used as the refrigerant?
i) Aqua Ammonia vapour absorption ii) lithium bromide – water vapour absorption
iii) steam jet refrigeration iv) vapour compression refrigeration
a) iii only b) i, ii & iii c) ii only d) ii & iii
6) Which of the following is correct with respect to COP?
a) (COP)vapour compression < (COP)vapour absorption< (COP)steam jet< (COP)thermo electric
b) (COP)thermo electric < (COP)steam jet < (COP)Vapour absorption < (COP)vapour compression
c) (COP)thermo electric < (COP)vapour compression < (COP)steam jet < (COP)vapour absorption
d) (COP)steam jet < (COP)vapour absorption < (COP)thermo electric < (COP)vapour compression
7) The thermo electric refrigerator works on the principle of ………………………………..
a) Seebeck effect b) Peltier effect c) Joulean effect d) Thomson effect
8) A device in which compressed air is used to produce cooling effect at one end of the tube and
heating effect at the other end simultaneously is called …………….
a) Vortex tube b) thermo electric refrigerator c) Electrolux refrigerator d) All the above
9) The overall COP of thermo electric refrigeration system is of the order of …………………
a) 0.5 to 0.6 b) 0.3 to 0.4 c) 0.1 to 0.2 d) 0.7 to 0.8
10) …………..type of compression is suitable when water is the refrigerant due to its enormous suction
vapour volume.
a) Ejector b) Centrifugal c) Reciprocating d) All the above

II) Descriptive Questions

1. a) Explain the working of simple aqua ammonia vapour absorption refrigeration system.
b) What are the modifications made to simple vapour absorption refrigeration system to improve its
performance? Draw the modified Aqua Ammonia vapour absorption refrigeration system.
2. a) What are the two common refrigerant – absorbent systems? What are basic requirements of
absorbent-refrigerant combinations?
b) Explain the working of lithium bromide – water vapour absorption refrigeration system.
3. a) Compare vapour absorption refrigeration system with vapour compression refrigeration system.
b) Explain the working of Electrolux refrigerator with a neat sketch. What are its merits and
demerits?
4. a) Explain the working of Steam Ejector refrigeration system.
b) Derive an expression for the mass of motive steam per kg of flash vapor.
5. a) State Seeback and Peltier effects.
b) Explain the working of thermo electric refrigeration system. What are its merits and demerits?
6. a) Explain the working of Vortex Tube with a neat sketch.
b) What are the advantages and disadvantages of Vortex Tube? What are its applications?
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B. Question testing the ability of students in applying the concepts.
I) Multiple Choice Questions:
1) A vapour absorption refrigeration system works with a generator temperature of 360 K, absorber /
condenser temperature of 310 K and an evaporator temperature of 260 K. The maximum COP of the
system is…………..
a) 0.522 b) 0.722 c) 0.822 d) 0.922
2) A vapour absorption system has a generator temperature of 117oC, condenser / absorber temperature
of 37oC and an evaporator temperature of – 15oC. If the actual COP is 50% of ideal COP of the
system, the amount of heat added in the generator per ton refrigeration neglecting the pump work is…
a) 4.87 kW b) 7.87 kW c) 5.87 kW d) 6.87 kW
3) What is the generator temperature of a vapor absorption refrigeration system having evaporator and
absorber / condenser temperatures of 250 K and 310 K respectively, if the ideal COP is 1.3.
a) 650.6 K b) 450.6 K c) 350.6 K d) 550.6 K
Common data for questions 4 and 5
The COP of an absorption refrigeration system is 0.4 when the generator temperature is 350 K, absorber /
condenser temperature is 300 K and evaporator temperature is 273 K.
4) The heat input to the system for 100 tons of refrigeration in kJ/s is…………..
a) 403.45 b) 503.45 c) 703.45 d) 603.45
5) If the saturated steam is available at 365 K and condensate leaves to the generator at 360 K, the rate of
steam to be supplied in kg/s from the boiler is …………..
a) 0.16 b) 0.26 c) 0.36 d) 0.46
6) In a steam jet refrigeration system, water flashes at 5oC in the flash chamber. How much make up
water is supplied to the flash chamber in kg/hr to produce 100 tons of refrigeration if water vapour
leaves the flash chamber as 0.9 dry and make up water enters the flash chamber at 25oC? Take latent
heat of vaporization of water at 5oC as 2490 kJ/kg.
a) 490 b) 790 c) 590 d) 690
7) A steam-jet refrigeration system is meant to produce chilled water at 4oC. The condensing water is
available at 30oC. The minimum number of ejector stages that have to be used if the pressure ratio of
each stage is not to exceed 2.6 is.………
a) 4 b) 1 c) 3 d) 2
8) A steam jet system maintains the chiller at 2oC. The quality of vapour leaving the chiller is 0.97. The
make-up water is available at 30oC. The capacity of the plant is 300 TR. The volume of vapour
handled by the ejector in m3/s is ………………….
a) 69.51 b) 59.51 c) 79.51 d) 89.51
Common data for questions 9 and 10
The saturated steam is available at 6 bar, flash chamber temperature is 5oC and the make-up water comes
at 35oC. The enthalpy of flash vapour is 2425.2 kJ/kg. The enthalpy of vapour just before compression is
2323.5 kJ/kg. State of steam after compression is 0.08 bar and 80oC, enthalpy of vapour at the end of
entrainment 2232.47 kJ/kg.
9) The amount of motive steam required in kg/min for 200 tons refrigeration is ……………….
a) 30.37 b) 40.37 c) 20.37 d) 10.37
10) The volume of vapour handled by the ejector in m3/min for 200 tons refrigeration is…………
a) 4618.87 b) 2618.87 c) 3618.87 d) 1618.87

II) Problems
1) In a steam jet refrigeration system, the evaporator temperature is 5oC, and the condensing temperature
is 35oC. The motive vapour is dry saturated steam at 120oC. Assuming ideal processes, find the mass
ratio of the motive vapour to the refrigerant vapour. Find the same if the nozzle, entrainment and
diffuser efficiencies are 0.85, 0.65 and 0.8 respectively. Assume no shocks.

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2) In a steam-jet refrigeration the dry-saturated motive steam is supplied at 6 bar. The amount of motive
steam per unit mass of flash vapour is 2 kg. The quality of vapour at the beginning of compression is
0.90. The condensing and flash vapour temperatures are 40oC and 5oC, respectively. The
compression efficiency is 0.78. Obtain the tonnage of the system for 0.8 kg/s of motive steam and
volume of vapour handled by the ejector. (Ans: 246.215 TR and 13.597 m3/s)
3) A steam-jet refrigeration system receives dry saturated steam at 6 bar. It expands through a nozzle
down to flash chamber pressure meant to chill water at 5oC. Taking
  0.92,
 0.6 and
 
0.75, obtain (a) amount of water to be evaporated, and motive steam per ton of cooling, (b) tonnage of
the plant for 2 kg/s of evaporation of water, (c) COP and (d) volume of steam handled, per ton/h.
Assume the condenser temperature 35oC and make-up water at 30oC. (Ans: (a) 5.479 kg/hr and
10.94 kg/hr, (b) 1314 TR, (c) 0.441 , (d) 778.4 m3/TR-hr)
4) A steam-jet refrigeration system is to be installed in a steel factory where the 6,00,000 kJ/h of waste
heat is available for production of just saturated steam at 6 bar. The quality of vapour before the
compression in the main ejector is assumed as 0.86. The vapour at the end of compression emerges in
just saturated state. The chiller temperature is maintained at 7oC. The nozzle and entrainment
efficiencies are 0.9 and 0.6 respectively. The make-up water and condensing temperatures are 30oC
and 36oC, respectively. Obtain (a) capacity of the plant, (b) COP, (c) heat transfer from the condenser
(d) refrigeration efficiency and (e) volume handled by the ejector. (Ans: (a) 20.92 ton, (b) 0.7392, (c)
8,60,390 kJ/j, (d) 2.8979 and 0.1531 , (e) 3.9762 m3/s)
5) A Steam-jet refrigeration unit receives dry and saturated steam at 6 bar at the inlet of the nozzle. The
expansion takes place down to the pressure existing in the flash chamber maintained at 5oC. The
condenser temperature is 35oC and efficiencies:
  0.92,
 0.75 and
  0.6. Computer
(a)COP, (b) amount of water to be evaporated per ton of cooling (make-up water for the flash
chamber), (c) Tonnage of the plant for 2 kg/s of water evaporated from the flash chamber and (d) the
amount fo the motive steam for parts (b) and (c). The make-up water is available at 30oC.
(Ans: (a) 0.875, (b) 5.5 kg/ton-h, (c) 1300, (d) 11.5 kg/ton-h and 15,050 kg/h)
6) For a steam-jet refrigeration system, the steam enters the nozzle at 8 bar just dry saturated state. The
condenser pressure is 0.07 bar and flash chamber is to be maintained at 5oC. The make-up water
enters the flash chamber at 35oC. Taking
  0.94,
 0.75. and
  0.65, compute (a) amount
of steam per kg of vapour formed in the flash chamber, (b) C OP, (c) volume of vapour leaving the
flash chamber per ton per hour, and (d) amount of steam consumption for a 100 ton capacity.
(Ans: (a) 1.7 kg, (b) 0.52, (c) 780 m3/ton-h and (d) 925 kg/h)
C. Questions testing the analyzing / evaluating ability of students
1) An industrial complex uses steam-jet refrigeration system to chill 1200 kg/min of water from 15oC to
10oC using barometric condenser. Water is available at 36oC. The steam enters the nozzle at 7 bar.
The degree of superheat of vapour at the exit of the main ejector is 20 K. The nozzle and entrainment
efficiencies are 0.92 and 0.55, respectively. The make-up water is available at 34oC. Calculate (a)
tonnage, (b) make-up water, (c) COP and (d) steam consumption per hour. Take the evaporator
temperature as 278 K and the fuel coast Rs. 0.5/ kg of coal. If heating value of fuel is – 30,000 kJ/kg
and combustion efficiency 95%, determine the monthly cost of fuel for this refrigeration system.
(Ans: (a) 120 ton, (b) 0.192 kg/s, (c) 0.5349, (d) 1091 kjg/h and Rs.14,400)
2) A lithium-bromide water vapour absorption system is used for air conditioning a central conference
hall for which the cooling load has been estimated to be 100 tons. The generator temperature of the
refrigeration is 80oC while the condenser pressure is 0.08 bar (60 mm of Hg). The evaporator
temperature is 5oC. The condensate is sub cooled by 20oC and the solution from the absorber enters
the generator 70oC being heated in a heat exchanger between the hot fluid leaving the generator.
Obtain in the COP of the system and the fluid flow rates at various places. Also calculate the amount
of diesel fuel to be fired per day if the heating value of the fuel is 42,800 kJ/kg also obtain the cost of
the fuel per month if the diesel costs Rs.1.25/liter (sp. gravity =0.87). Compare the COP of the above
system with that in which no heat exchanger is employed.
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