QB
QB
QB
SEMESTER: III
1. A tensile test was conducted on a mild steel bar. The following data was obtained from
the test:
(i) Diameter of the steel bar = 3 cm
(ii) Gauge length of the bar = 20cm
(iii) Load at elastic limit = 250 kN
(iv) Extension at a load of 150 kN = 0.21 mm
(v) Maximum load = 380 kN
(vi) Total extension = 60 mm
(vii) Diameter of rod at failure = 2.25 cm
Determine:
(1) The Young's modulus
(2) The stress at elastic limit
(3) The percentage of elongation
(4) The percentage decrease in area.
2. Three bars made of copper; zinc and aluminium are of equal length and have cross
section 500, 700, and 1000 sq.mm respectively. They are rigidly connected at their ends.
If this compound member is subjected to a longitudinal pull of 250 kN, estimate the
proportional of the load carried on each rod and the induced stresses. Take the value of E
5 2 5 2 5
for copper = 1.3x10 N/mm , for zinc = 1x10 N/mm and for aluminium = 0.8x10
2
N/mm .
3. A bar 0.3m long is 50mm square in section for 120mm of its length, 25mm diameter for
80mm and of 40mm diameter for its remaining length. If the tensile force of 100kN is
applied to the bar calculate the maximum and minimum stresses produced in it, and the
5 2
total elongation. Take E = 2x10 N/mm and assume uniform distribution of stress over
the cross section.
4. A bar of 25mm diameter is subjected to a pull of 40kN. The measured extension on
gauge length of 200mm is 0.085mm and the change in diameter is 0.003mm.Calculate the
value of Poisson's ratio and the three moduli.
5. A cylindrical vessel, whose ends are closed by means of rigid flange plates, is made up of
steel plate 3 mm thick. The length and internal diameter of the vessel are 50 cm and 25
cm respectively. Determine the longitudinal and hoop stresses in the cylindrical shell due to
2
an internal fluid pressure of 3 N/mm . Also calculate the increase in length, diameter and
5 2
volume of vessel. Take E = 2x10 N/mm and µ =0.3.
6. A hollow cylinder 2 m long has an outside diameter of 50 mm and inside diameter of 30
mm. If the cylinder is carrying a load of 25 kN, find the stress in the cylinder. Also find the
deformation of the cylinder, if the value of modulus of elasticity for the cylinder material is
100 GPa.
7. A cylindrical shell of 500 mm diameter is required to withstand an internal pressure of 4
MPa. Find the minimum thickness of the shell, if maximum tensile strength for the plate
material is 400 MPa and efficiency of the joints is 65%. Take factor of safety as 5.
8. A cylindrical shell 3m long which is closed at its ends has an internal diameter of 1m and a
wall thickness of 15mm. calculate the circumferential and longitudinal stresses induced and
also change in dimensions of the shell if it is subjected to an internal pressure of 1.5
2
MN/m
2
9. A short metallic column of 500mm cross sectional area carries a axial compressive load of
o
100kN.For a plane inclined at 60 with the direction of the load calculate i) Normal stress
ii) Resultant stress iii) Tangential stress iv) Maximum shear stress v) Obliquity of resultant
stress.
10. (i) Derive a relation for change in length of a bar hanging freely under its own weight. (6) (ii)
Draw stress - strain curve for a mild steel rod subjected to tension and explain about the
salient points on it. (10)
11. (i) Derive the relationship between bulk modulus and young's modulus. (6)
(ii) Derive relations for normal and shear stresses acting on an inclined plane at a point in a
stained material subjected to two mutually perpendicular direct stresses. (10)
12. Two vertical rods one of steel and other of copper are rigidly fixed at the top and 80cm
apart. Diameter and length of each rod are 3cm and 3.5m respectively. A cross bar fixed to
the rods at lower ends carries a load of 6kN such that the cross bar remains horizontal even
after loading. Find the stress in each rod and position of load on the bar. Take E for steel as
5 2 5 2
2x10 N/mm and for copper as 1x10 N/mm
.
UNIT I (Contd)
COMPLEX STRESSES AND PLANE TRUSSES
PART A (Short answer type)
2 2
2. At a point in a strained material, the principal stresses are100 N/mm (T) and 40 N/mm
0
(C). Determine the resultant stress in magnitude and direction in a plane inclined at 60 to
the axis of major principal stress. What is the maximum intensity of shear stress in the
material at the point?
3. A cantilever truss is show in fig. Find the forces in the members of the truss by
the method of joint
4. A truss of span 9m is loaded with two equal loads of 10 kN each as shown in fig. Find the
reaction and forces in the members marked 1, 2, and 3 by using method of section.
5. At a point in a strained material, the principal stresses are 100 N/mm2 (T) and 40
N/mm2 (C) Determine the direction and magnitude in a plane inclined at 600 to the axis of
major principal stress. What is the maximum intensity of shear stress in the material at the
point
6. Find the magnitude and nature of the forces in the given truss carrying loads as shown in
Fig. 12(a).
7.For the truss of Fig. 12(a). Find the forces in the members of the truss by the method of
section
8. A cantilever truss is show in fig. Find the forces in the members of the truss by
the method of section
2 2
9. The principal stress in the wall of a container are 40 MN/m and 80 MN/m . Determine
the normal, shear and resultant stresses in magnitude and direction in a plane, the normal of
o
which makes an angle of 30 with the direction of maximum principal stress.
10. Determine the normal, shear and resultant stress in magnitude and direction in plane, the
o 2
normal of which makes an angle of 30 with the direction of 30MN/m stress (Tensile). The
2
Value of other tensile stress is 15MN/m .
UNIT 2- THEORY OF SIMPLE BENDING
Part - A (Short answer type)
1. What is the maximum bending moment for a simply supported beam subjected to
uniformly distributed load and where it occurs?
2. Define shear stress.
3. What is shear force in a beam?
4. What is bending moment in a beam?
5. List the types of supports
6. Derive the relation between bending moment and shear force.
7. What is meant by section modulus?
8. What is the differential relation between bending moment, shear force and the applied
load?
9. Sketch the shear stress variation for symmetrical I section
10. What do you meant by point of contraflexure?
11. What is meant by moment of resistance of a beam?
12. Write any four assumptions in the theory of simple bending
13. Differentiate between hogging and sagging bending moment.
14. Sketch any 2 types of supports used for a beam indicating the reactions in each case.
15. A cantilever beam of span 4m is subjected to a udl of 2 kN/m over its entire length.
Sketch the bending moment diagram for the beam.
16. How would you find the bending stress in unsymmetrical sections?
17. How do you locate the point of maximum bending moment?
18. What do you understand by neutral axis & moment of resistance? How do you locate
Neutral axis?
19. A beam subjected to a bending stress of 5N/mm2 and the section modulus is 3530 cm3.
What is the moment of resistance of the beam?
20. Draw the S.F. & B.M. diagrams for simply supported beam of length L carrying a point
load W at its middle point.
6. State the assurnptions made in the theory of simple bending and derive the bending
formula.
7. A 100mm X 200mm rolled steel I section has the flanges 12mm thick and web 10mm
thick. Find
(i) The safe udl the section can carry over a span of 6m if the permissible stress is
2
limited to 150 N/mm
(ii) The maximum bending stress when the beam carries a central point load of 20kN.
8. The cross section of T beam is as follows: Flange thickness = 1Omm; width of the flange
= 1OOmm; thickness of the web = 1Omm; depth of the web = 12Omm; If a shear force
of
2kN is acting at a particular section of the beam draw the shear stress distribution across
the section.
9. An overhanging beam ABC is simply supported at A & B over a span of 6m and BC
overhangs by 3m. If the supported span AB carries a central concentrated load of 8kNand
overhang span BC carries 2kN/m draw the shear force and bending moment diagram.
1O. A simply supported beam of span 4m carries a udl of 6kN/m over the entire span. If the
2
maximum allowable stress due to bending is restricted to 15O N/mm , determine the cross
sectional dimensions if the section is;
(i) Rectangular with depth twice the breadth
(ii) Solid circular section
(iii) Hollow circular section having a diameter ratio of O.6
11. Draw shear force and bending moment diagram for the beam shown in Fig.
12. A flitched beam consists of two timber joist 1OOmm wide and 24Omm deep with a
steel plate 18Omm deep and 1Omm thick placed symmetrically between the timber
joists and well clamped. Determine
2
i) The maximum fibre stress when the maximum fibre stress in wood is 8O kg/cm .
ii) The combined moment of resistance if the modular ratio is 18.
UNIT 3- TORSION OF SHAFTS
Part - A (Short answer type)
1. i) Derive the torsion equation for a circular shaft of diameter'd' subjected to torque 'T'.
ii) Find the torque that can be transmitted by a thin tube 6 cm mean diameter and wall
2
thickness 1 mm. the permissible shear stress is 6000 N/cm .
2. A close coiled helical spring is made of a round wire having 'n' turns and the mean coil
radius R is 5 times the wire diameter. Show that the stiffness of the spring = 2.05 R/n. If
the above spring is to support a load of 1.2kN with 120mm compression. Calculate mean
2
radius of the coil and number of turns assuming G = 8200 N/mm and permissible shear
2
stress. X allowable = 250 N/mm .
3. A steel shaft ABCD having a total length of 2400mm is contributed by three different
sections as follows. The portion AB is hollow having outside and inside diameters 80mm
and 50mm respectively, BC is solid and 80mm diameter. CD is also solid and 70mm in
diameter. If the angle of twist is same for each section, determine the length of each
portion and the total angle of twist. Maximum permissible shear stress is 50 MPa and
5
shear modulus 0.82x10 MPa.
4. It is required to design a close coiled helical spring which shall deflect 1mm under and
axial load of 100N at a shear stress of 90 MPa. The spring is to be made of round wire
5
having shear modulus of 0.8x10 MPa. The mean diameter of the coil is to times that at
the coil wire. Find the diameter and length of the wire.
5. A solid circular shaft transmits 75kW power at 200rpm. Calculate the shaft diameter, if
the twist in the shaft is not to exceed one degree in 2m length of shaft and shear stress is
2
not exceed 50 N/mm . Assume the modulus of rigidity of the material of the shaft as 100
2
kN/mm .
2
6. A shaft has to transmit 110 kW at 160rpm. If the shear stress is not to exceed 65N/mm
and the twist in a length of 3.5m must not exceed 1o, find a suitable diameter. Take C =
4
8x104 N/mm .
7. A leaf spring 750mm long is required to carry a central load of 8kN. If the central
deflection is not to exceed 20mm and the bending stress is not to be greater than
2
200N/mm . Determine the thickness, width and number of plates. Assume the
width of the plates is 12 times, their thickness and modulus of elasticity of the
springs material as
2
200kN/mm .
8. A closely coiled helical spring made out of a 10mm diameter steel bar has 12
complete coils, each of mean diameter of 100mm. Calculate the stress induced in the
section of rod, the deflection under the pull and the amount of energy stored in the
spring during the extension. It is subjected to an axial pull of 200N. Modulus of
5
rigidity is 0.84x10
2
N/mm .
9. A close coiled helical spring has a stiffness of 5N/mm. its length when fully
compressed with adjacent coils touching each other is 40 cm. the modulus of rigidity
4 2
of the material of the spring is 8x10 N/mm . Determine the wire diameter and
mean coil diameter if their ratio is 1/10. What is the corresponding maximum shear
stress in the spring?
10. A circular shaft of 1000mm diameter and 2m length is subjected to a twisting
2
moment which creates a shear stress of 20N/mm at 30mm from the axis of the
shaft. Calculate
4 2
the angle of twist and the strain energy stored in the shaft. Take G=8x10 N/mm .
UNIT 4- COLUMNS and STRUTS
PART - A (Short Answer type)
1. A solid round bar 3 m long and 5cm in diameter is used as a strut with both the ends hinged.
5 2
Determine the crippling load. Take E=2x10 N/mm .
2. A mild steel tube 4m long, 30 mm internal diameter and 4mm thick is used as a strut with both
5 2
ends hinged. Find the collapsing load. Take E=2.1x10 N/mm .
3. A strut 2.5m long is 60mm in diameter. One end of the strut is fxed while its other end is hinged.
5 2
Find the safe compressive load with FOS=3.5. Take E=2.1x10 N/mm .
4. A column of timber secton 15cmx 20cm is 6m long both ends being fxed .E for timber is
2
17.5KN/mm , Determine a) Crippling load, and b) Safe load for the column if factor of
safety=3.
5. A solid round bar 3m long and 5cm in diameter is used as a strut, determine the crippling load.
5 2
Take E=2x10 N/mm . a) One end hinged and other end fxed; b) One end is fixed and other end is
free; c) Both the ends are fixed.
6. A simply supported beam of length 4m is subjected to a uniformly distributed load of 30KN/m
over the whole span and deflects 15mm at the centre. Determine the crippling load when the beam
is used as a column for the following conditions. a) One end is fxed and other end is hinged; b) Both
the ends are pin jointed.
7. A solid round bar 4m long and 5cm diameter was found to extend 4.6mm under the tensile load of
50KN.This bar is used as a strut with both ends hinged. Determine the buckling load for the bar and
also safe load taking factor of safety as 4.
8. A hallow alloy tube 5m long with external and internal diameters 40mm and 25mm was found to
extend 6.4mm under the tensile load of 60KN. Find the buckling load for the tube of column with
both ends pinned. Also fnd the safe load for the tube, taking FOS=4.
9. Determine the ratio of the buckling strengths of two circular columns one hollow and other solid.
Both the columns are made of same material and have same length, cross sectional area and end
conditons. The internal diameter of the hollow column is half the external diameter.
10. Determine the ratio of buckling strengths of one hollow and one solid column. Both are made of
same material and have same length, cross sectional area and end conditons. The internal diameter
of the hollow secton is 2/3rd of its external diameter.
11. Determine the crippling load for the T section of length 5m when it is used as a strut with
both ends hinged. E=2.0x105N/mm2.
11. A hallow alloy tube 5m long with external and internal diameters 40mm and 25mm was found to
extend 6.4mm under the tensile load of 60KN.Find the buckling load for the tube of column with
both ends pinned. Also find the safe load for the tube, taking FOS=4.
12. Calculate the safe compressive load on a hollow cast iron with one end is built up and one end is
hinged of 15mm external diameter, 10cm internal diameter and 10m in length. Take FOS of 5 and
2
E=95KN/mm .
13. A steel bar of rectangular secton 30mmx40mm pinned at each end is subjected to axial
compression. The bar is 1.75m long. Determine the buckling load and the corresponding axial stress
using Euler s formula. Determine the minimum length
for which Euler s equation may be used to determine the buckling load, if the proportionality limit of
2 5 2
the material is 200N/mm . Take E=2x10 N/mm .
15. Find the ratio of the strength of a solid circular column with that of a hollow circular column of
equal area, whose internal diameter is two third, the external diameter. Both the columns are of
same material, having same length and are hinged at their ends.
16. Determine the crippling load for an I secton shown below with 5m long and built up at
5 2
both ends. E=2.1x10 N/mm .
18. Calculate Euler s critical load for a strut of T section the flange width being 10cm, overall
depth
8cm and both stem and flange is 1cm thick. The strut is 3m long and is built in at both ends. Take
5 2
E=2.0x10 N/mm .
21. A solid round bar of 60mm diameter and 2.Sm is used as a strut. Determine safe
compressive load for the strut if a) Both ends are pinned; b) Both ends are built in ,Take
E=2.0x10SN/mm2 and FOS = 3.
22. A column has an I section with equal flanges of 2ϬϬmmX Ϭmm and web 3ϬϬmmX10mm.When
the column is simply supported with a udl of 24KN/m ,maximum deflecton at the mid span is
6mm.Determine the safe load the column can carry at its free end with its other end fxed. Take FOS
as 2.S and E=210 GPa.
23. A column of timber secton is 200mmX300mm and Sm long. One end of the column is fxed and
other end is free. If the young s modulus of the timber is 17.SKN/mm2,determine: a) Crippling
load; b) Safe load if FOS=2.S.
UNIT 5- DEFLECTION OF DETERMINATE STRUCTURES
1. What are the methods for finding out the slope and deflection at a section?
2. Why moment method is more useful when compared with double integration?
3. What is conjugate beam method?
4. Write the maximum value of deflection for a cantilever beam of length L, constant EI and
carrying concentrated load W at the end?
5. State the two theorems in moment area method?
6. What are the boundary conditions for a simply supported end?
7. When Macaulay's method is preferred?
8. What is meant by double integration method?
9. When do you prefer Moment area method?
10. What is the slope at the support for a simply supported beam of length L, constant EI and
carrying central concentrated load?
11. What is meant by determinate and indeterminate beams?
12. What are the values of slope and deflection for a cantilever beam of length 'L' subjected
to Moment 'M' at the free end?
13. Write the relation between deflection of bending moment and flexural rigidity for a
beam?
14. Write down the formula used to find the deflection of beam by Moment-Area method.
15. What is slope of a beam?
16. Explain the theorem of conjugate beam method
17. What is the maximum deflection of a simply supported beam of span L, with UDL of w /
m run throughout its span?
18. Write the basic equation of the elastic line of a deflected beam
1. A beam of length 6 m is simply supported at its ends and carries two point loads of 48 kN
and 40 kN at a distance of 1 m and 3 m respectively from the left support. Find
(i) Deflection under each load
(ii) Maximum deflection
(iii) The point at which the maximum deflection occurs.
6 4 5 2
Take I=85x10 mm E = 2x10 N/mm
2. A steel joist, simply supported over a span of 6 m carries a point load of 50 kN at 1.2 m
from the left hand support. Find the position and magnitude of the maximum deflection.
12 2
Take EI = 14 X 10 N/mm
4
3. For the beam shown in fig show that the deflection at the free end is WL /684EI. Use
Macaulay's method.
4. A cantilever of length 2.5m is loaded with an udl of 10 kN/m over a length 1.5m from the
fixed end. Determine the slope and deflection at the free end. Determine the slope and
4 2
deflection at the free end of the cantilever L = 9500cm , E = 210 GN / m Using Moment
area method.
5. Find the slope and deflection at the free end of the cantilever shows in fig. Take EI =
10 2
1x10 kN/mm
6. Using conjugate beam method, obtain the slope and deflections at A, B, C and D of the
-2 4
beam shown in fig. Take E = 200GPa and I = 2x10 m .
7. Obtain the deflection under the greater load for the beam shown in fig using the
conjugate beam method.
8. A simply supported beam of span 3 m is subjected to a central load of 10 kN. Find the
6 4
maximum slope and deflection of the beam. Take I = 12 x10 mm and E = 200 GPa.
9. A beam AB of span 6m is simply supported at its ends is subjected to a point load of
20kN at C at a distance of 2m from left end. Using moment area method, Compute the
8 4
deflection at the point C, slope at the points A, B and C. Take I = 6 x10 mm and E =
200GPa.
10. A steel cantilever of 2.5m effective length carries a load of 25kN at its free end. If the
deflection at the free end is not exceed 40mm. What must be the I value of the section of
the cantilever. Take E = 210 GN/m2 using moment area method.