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    Laboratory Plan EXP2

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    Chitlet Franche
    This document describes a chemistry experiment involving reactions in aqueous solutions. Students are assigned chemicals to prepare and then observe the reactions between combinations of the solutions. Precipitates that form are noted and reaction equations are written. Questions are also included about calculating amounts of precipitates, differentiating other solution pairs, and classifying metathesis reactions.

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    Laboratory Plan EXP2

    Uploaded by

    Chitlet Franche
    18 views5 pages
    This document describes a chemistry experiment involving reactions in aqueous solutions. Students are assigned chemicals to prepare and then observe the reactions between combinations of the solutions. Precipitates that form are noted and reaction equations are written. Questions are also included about calculating amounts of precipitates, differentiating other solution pairs, and classifying metathesis reactions.

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    This document describes a chemistry experiment involving reactions in aqueous solutions. Students are assigned chemicals to prepare and then observe the reactions between combinations of the solutions. Precipitates that form are noted and reaction equations are written. Questions are also included about calculating amounts of precipitates, differentiating other solution pairs, and classifying metathesis reactions.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    18 views5 pages

    Laboratory Plan EXP2

    Uploaded by

    Chitlet Franche
    This document describes a chemistry experiment involving reactions in aqueous solutions. Students are assigned chemicals to prepare and then observe the reactions between combinations of the solutions. Precipitates that form are noted and reaction equations are written. Questions are also included about calculating amounts of precipitates, differentiating other solution pairs, and classifying metathesis reactions.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 5

    Bicol University

    East Campus
    College of Engineering
    Chemical Engineering Department

    LABORATORY PLAN

    Experiment 2 in Chemistry for Engineers


    “Reactions in Aqueous Solutions”

    Group 3 – 1A
    Chitlet A. Franche
    Jalie Sweet C. Piano
    Khim Borilla
    Godwin Vidal D. Maralit
    Jericho L. Arganda
    Carmelo H. Castillo
    Experiment 2 in Chemistry for Engineers
    Reactions in Aqueous Solutions

    I. OBJECTIVE
    To observe chemical reactions going to completion through precipitation; to notice
    solubility characteristics of various solids with various solvents; To familiarize the
    student with laboratory reagents.
    II. MATERIALS AND REAGENTS (Note: These are only the list of assigned Materials
    and Reagents to Group 3 and 6)
    Materials Reagents
    5 droppers 0.2M or 0.2805 grams of Potassium Hydroxide
    Volumetric flasks 0.2M or 0.4250 grams of Sodium Nitrate
    Erlenmeyer Flasks 0.1M or 0.4055 grams of Iron III Chloride
    Beakers 0.4M or 0.7455 grams of Potassium Chloride
    Graduated cylinders 0.1M or 0.6533 grams of Barium Nitrate
    Analytical balance 2 mL deionized water
    Test tubes 0.23 mL HCL
    Aspirator 2 grams Chalk
    Stirring rod
    1 Measuring pipet 10-mL
    Wash Bottle
    Test tube rack

    III. PROCEDURES

    1. First, the group computed the desired grams for each chemicals. Computation are as follows.

    Set #C (Group 3 and 6)


    0.2M KOH, 0.2M NaNO3, 0.1M FeCl3, 0.4M KCl, 0.1M Ba(NO3)2

    The amount of reagents assigned to our group are computed as follows:

    𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑠 𝑜𝑓𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑒
    Derivation formula: 𝑀𝑜𝑙𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑡𝑦 = 𝐿𝑖𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑠𝑜𝑙′𝑛

    Then, 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑒 = (𝑀𝑜𝑙𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑡𝑦)(𝐿𝑖𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑆𝑜𝑙 ′ 𝑛)

    To get the amount of solute in grams


    (𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑒)
    │(𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑒)│ 1 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒
    │

    So the final formula will be,


    (𝑴𝒐𝒍𝒂𝒓𝒊𝒕𝒚)(𝑳𝒊𝒕𝒆𝒓 𝑺𝒐𝒍′ 𝒏)(𝑴𝒐𝒍𝒂𝒓 𝑴𝒂𝒔𝒔)
    𝟏 𝒎𝒐𝒍𝒆

    0.2M KOH
    (0.2𝑀 𝐾𝑂𝐻)(0.025 𝐿)(56.1056 𝑔 𝐾𝑂𝐻)
    1 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒 𝐾𝑂𝐻
    = 0.2805 grams KOH
    0.2M NaNO3
    (0.2𝑀 𝑁𝑎𝑁𝑂3)(0.025 L)( 84.9947 𝑔 𝑁𝑎𝑁𝑂3 )
    1 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒 𝑁𝑎𝑁𝑂3
    = 0.4250 grams NaNO3

    0.1M FeCl3
    (0.1𝑀 𝐹𝑒𝐶𝑙3 )(0.025 L)(162.2 𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑚𝑠 𝐹𝑒𝐶𝑙3 )
    1 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒 𝐹𝑒𝐶𝑙3
    = 0.4055 grams FeCl3

    0.4M KCl
    (0.4𝑀 𝐾𝐶𝑙 )(0.025 L)(74.5513 𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑚𝑠 𝐾𝐶𝑙)
    1 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐾𝐶𝑙
    = 0.7455 grams KCl

    0.1M Ba(NO3)2
    (0.1𝑀 𝐵𝑎(𝑁𝑂3 )2 )(0.025 𝐿)(261.337 𝑔)
    1 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒 Ba(NO3 )2
    = 0.6533 grams Ba(NO3)2

    2. The two groups will prepare the chemicals. Each chemical will be put in a beaker and will use
    different droppers to avoid contamination then weigh the necessary amount using the analytical
    balance.
    3. Dilute each chemical in their separate containers with 25 mL water then use a stirring rod to
    mix the chemicals properly, clean the stirring rod every after usage in a solution to avoid
    contamination.
    4. Record the color of each reagent solution beforehand.
    5. In different combinations, as shown below, each 1-mL of chemical will be reacted to 1-mL of
    each chemical using test tubes (added dropwise).

    KOH NaNO3 FeCl3 KCl Ba(NO3)2


    KOH
    NaNO3
    FeCl3
    KCl
    Ba(NO3)2

    For example:
    4.1. TRANSFER 1 mL of your reagent 1, say KOH to the test tubes.
    4.2. On test tube 1, ADD 1mL of NaNO3 added dropwise.
    4.3. On test tube 2, ADD 1 mL of FeCl3 added dropwise.
    4.4. On test tube 3, ADD 1 mL of KCl added dropwise.
    4.5. On test tube 4, ADD 1 mL of Ba(NO3)2 added dropwise.

    6. The group will continue to test pairs of solutions until all possible combinations of a set have
    been tested and describe the color and appearance of all precipitates.
    7. All the observations of the group will be recorded (e.g. the change in color, change in Volume,
    appearance of precipitates, etc.). Also, observe the time if some reactions take longer to develop
    than other reactions. Lastly, dispose each solution in their appropriate waste containers and use
    wash bottle to clean laboratory glassware’s and other equipment’s.
    8. If there’s still time left after conducting part b experiment the group will observe the other set
    of reactions using the other group’s excess materials.
    B. GAS FORMING REACTIONS
    1. In a dry test tube, the group will add a sample of 1 gram of chalk. Afterwards 1 mL
    of deionized water will be added to it followed by 1 mL of 2 M HCl. The group will
    record the observations.

    Below is the computation of the amount of HCL needed,


    Formula:
    (𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝑜𝑓 𝐻𝐶𝑙)(𝐿𝑖𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑛)(𝑀𝑜𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝐻𝐶𝑙)
    ( × 100)𝐷𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝑜𝑓 𝐻𝐶𝑙)
    37
    (2 𝑀𝑜𝑙𝑒/𝐿)(0.001𝐿)(36.4𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑚𝑠/𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒)
    ( 37
    × 100)(1.2𝑔/𝑚𝑙)= 0.23 mL
    2. The group will repeat the first step, instead of chalk, 1 gram of Na2SO4 will be
    added.

    Note: The available HCl chemical in the laboratory has 37% concentration and its
    density is 1.2g/mL. Also, the group agreed to 1 gram of CaCO 3 and Na2SO4 to
    differentiate each solution objectively.

    II. Presentation of Data and Analysis


    Answer the following questions. Write your presentation comprehensively.
    A. Part 1
    1. WRITE the formula for the possible products in the upper right portion of each of
    the boxes.
    If no reaction occurred explain why.
    NOTE the reagents and soluble product.
    2. WRITE equations to indicate what you consider to have happened in each case in
    which there was precipitate formed. USE ions to represent the species in the
    reacting solutions, but for those products that were precipitates write a formula for
    the compound. PLACE (aq) after those species in solution and (s) after the
    precipitates. Be sure to write the equations so that both atoms and charge are
    conserved. For example:
    Ag+(aq) + NO3-(aq) + Na+(aq) + Cl-(aq) → AgCL(s) + Na+(aq) + NO3-(aq)
    3. REWRITE the equations, leaving out the ions not involved in the reaction
    (spectators). Write the net ionic equation.
    4. What precipitates were formed? What was their color? DESCRIBE the liquid
    portion of the new solution. PRESENT your findings in a table.
    5. MAKE a solubility table that includes all the reactants based from the experiment.
    The following serves as a rough example for the table format:
    Anion Insoluble cations Soluble cations

    Does your solubility table agree with what we can find in the books?
    B. Part 2

    1. Describe what happened when you mixed HCl with:


    1.1. Chalk
    1.2. Na2SO4
    2. What are the products of the reaction?
    3. Write the balanced molecular equation, an ionic equation with spectator ions crossed out, and
    the balanced net ionic equation for both reactions.

    C. Post Lab Questions:

    1. From your experiment, CALCULATE the amount of each precipitate formed.


    2. DESCRIBE how you could experimentally differentiate between the following pairs of solutions
    using a common aqueous test solution:
    2.1. NaNO3 and NaHCO3
    2.2. Pb(NO3)2 or KNO3
    2.3. HCl or H2SO4
    3. WRITE a balanced net ionic equation for each of the following aqueous metathesis reactions.
    (Be sure to include all states, aq, s, l or g) CLASSIFY each reaction as a neutralization,
    precipitation, or gas-forming reaction.
    3.1. Hydrobromic acid and cesium hydroxide
    3.2. Sulfuric acid and sodium carbonate
    3.3. Cadmium chloride and sodium sulfide

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