Piping System Bookbind

PAMANTASAN NG LUNGSOD NG MAYNILA
College of Engineering and Technology

Chemical Engineering Department
WASTEWATE
R PIPING
SYSTEM
Production of Tylose Powder via Alkali Digestion and

Technical Study 615
Carboxymethylation of Abaca (Musa textilis) Stripping Wastes
WASTEWATER PIPING SYSTEM

There are nine (5) major wastewater piping systems within the wastewater treatment
of Esolite Chemicals Inc. These are:
Table 10.1: List of Wastewater Piping System
No. Piping System

1 Flow Equalization Basin to Neutralization Contact Basin
2 Neutralization Contact Basin to Clarifier
3 Clarifier to Bleaching Tank
4 UASB Reactor 1 to UASB Reactor 1
5 UASB Reactor 2 to Trickling Filter
6 Trickling Filter to Aerated Lagoon
The design of the wastewater piping system includes the calculation of the pipe size
(inside and outside diameters and wall thickness), flow velocity, friction factor, pipe length, and
power requirement.

Technical Study 616
PIPING LAYOUTTT!!

Technical Study 617
WASTEWATER PIPING SYSTEM (1): FLOW EQUALIZATION BASIN TO

NEUTRALIZATION CONTACT BASIN
Figure 10.1 Wastewater Piping System 1 Layout

Design Description:
Wastewater from the flow equalization basin is transported to the neutralization contact basin for
the next treatment process.
Data and Assumption:

1. The piping system includes
a. One Standard Elbow
b. One Gate Valve (fully open)
c. One Centrifugal Pump
2. The mass flow rate of the collected wastewater is 107,976.96 kg
3. The time of transport is 3,600 seconds.
4. The density of the wastewater is is 1059.06 kg/m3 (66.13 lb/ft3)
5. The viscosity of the neutralized wastewater is 2 cp
6. The length of pipe A is 5m and pipe B is 0.3 m. The total straight pipe length is 5.3 m.
Design Consideration:
1. The material of construction of pipeline is stainless steel 317.
2. The fluid is incompressible and isothermal.
3. For plain end pipe, over 1 in nominal size, an allowable for threading, mechanical strength and
corrosion s 0.065 (Equipment Design by Hesse, pp. 221).
4. Centrifugal pump efficiency is 80% (Plant Design and Economics for Chemical Engineers by Peters
&Timmerhaus, 5th ed., pp. 510).
Design Requirements:
1. Pipe Diameter 4. Power Requirement
2. Pipe Thickness 5. Retention Time
3. Pipe Length
Design Calculations:
1. Pipe Diameter
In calculating for the fluid flow rate,

Technical Study 618
𝑚 107,976.96 kg
𝒒𝒇 = 𝑡 = 3600 𝑠 = 1.00 ft 3 /s
𝜌 1 m3
1059.06 kg/m3 × 3
35.31 ft
Assuming turbulent flow, using Equation 15 (Plant Design and Economics for Chemical Engineers,
Peters and Timmerhaus, 4th ed., pp. 496):
𝑫𝒊,𝒐𝒑𝒕 = 𝟑. 𝟗𝒒𝒇 𝟎.𝟒𝟓 𝝆𝟎.𝟏𝟑

where:
𝑫𝒊,𝒐𝒑𝒕 = optimum inside diameter, in.
𝒒𝒇 = fluid flow rate, ft3/s
𝝆 = fluid density, lb/ft3
0.45 0.13
Di,opt = 3.9𝑞𝑓 𝜌 = 3.9 × (1.00 ft 3 /s)0.45 (66.13 lb/ft 3 )0.13 = 6.7254 in
From Perry’s Chemical Engineers’ Handbook 8th ed. by Perry and Green, Table 10-22, p. 10-79,
Use 8 in sch. 40
ID = 7.981 in = 0.2027 m
OD= 8.625 in = 0.2191 m
π 2 π
A= D = × (0.2027 m)2 = 0.0323 m2
4 4
kg
(107,976.96 )
batch
m 3600 sec
v= = = 0.8768 m/s
ρA kg
1059.06 3 × 0.0323 m2
m
Checking if the assumption is correct,
m kg
Dvρ 0.2027 m × 0.8768 × 1059.06 3
s m = 94112
Nre = =
μ kg
0.002
m−s
The calculated value falls to a turbulent flow, therefore the assumption is correct.
2. Pipe Thickness
t = 0.322 in
3. Pipe Length
Using Fig 127 (Equivalent Lengths of Valves and Various Fittings – Crane Co.) with a nominal pipe
diameter of 8 in with an inside diameter of 7.981 in (Unit Operations by Brown),
Standard Elbow = 22 ft
Gate valve = 4.50 ft
Straight pipe = 5.30 m = 17.3885 ft
Solving total length,
Ltotal= 22 ft + 4.50 ft + 17.3885 ft = 43.8885 ft = 13.3772 m
Use 13.5 m
4. Power Requirement
Using the Colebrook-White Equation:
ε 0.00015
= = 0.00023
D 1 𝑓𝑡
7.981 in ×
12 in
1 ε 2.52
= −2 log ( + )
√f 3.7D Nre √f
The friction factor is 0.0194.
To solve the friction loss, using Equation 63 of Unit Operations by Brown:

2
m 1 ft
fLv 2 0. 0194 × 43.8885 ft × (0.8768 × ) ft − lbf
lwf = = s 0.3048 m = 0.1645
2g c D lb − ft 1 ft lbm
2 × 32.2 × 7.981 in ×
lbf − s2 12 in
Solving for potential head:
g
∆z = 0
gc
Solving for pressure head:

Technical Study 619
𝑙𝑏𝑓 12 𝑖𝑛 2
∆P 14.7 𝑖𝑛2 𝑥( 1 𝑓𝑡 ) ft − lbf
= = 32.01
ρ 𝑙𝑏𝑚 lbm
66.13 3
𝑓𝑡
Solving for kinetic head:
m 1 ft
∆v 2 ∆v 2 ( 0.8768 × )2 − 0 ft − lbf
= = s 0.3048 m = 0.1285
2g c 2g c lb − ft lbm
2 × 32.2
lbf − s2
Substitute in Mechanical Energy Balance,
∆v 2 g ∆P
−Ws = lwf + + ∆z +
2g c gc ρ
ft − lbf ft − lbf ft − lbf ft − lbf ft − lbf
−Ws = 0.1645 + 0.1285 + 0 + 32.01 = 32.3030
lbm lbm lbm lbm lbm
Mass flowrate,
107976.96 kg 2.205lb lb
ṁ = × = 66.1359
3600 s 1 kg s
Since the pump has efficiency of 80%,
ft − lbf lb 1 hP
32.3030 × 66.1359 ×
lbm s ft − lbf
550
Power Requirement = s = 4.8554 hP
0.80
Use 5.0 hp
5. Retention Time
−𝑊𝑠 × m
P=
E
PE
m=
−Ws
𝒎𝒂𝒔𝒔
𝐭=
𝐏𝐄
−𝐖𝐬
Where,
P = power requirement
ft − lbf
−𝑊𝑠 = 𝑊𝑜𝑟𝑘,
lbm
lb
ṁ = mass flowrate,
s
Ė = efficiency
Based on the used power requirement for the centrifugal pump of 5.0 hp,
2.205 𝑙𝑏
107976.96 kg x
1 𝑘𝑔
t= = 3495.9070 𝑠 = 58.23 𝑚𝑖𝑛
ft − lbf
550
5.0 hp x s x 0.80
1 ℎ𝑝
( )
ft − lbf
32.3030
lbm
𝐔𝐬𝐞 𝟓𝟖. 𝟓 𝐦𝐢𝐧𝐬
Design Specification:
Flow Equalization Basin to Neutralization
Piping Connection:
Contact Basin
Transfer the collected wastewater to
Function:
Neutralization Contact Basin
Material of construction: Stainless Steel Type 317
1 Standard Elbow
Auxiliaries 1 Gate Valve
1 Centrifugal Pump
Outside Diameter 0.2191 m (8.625 in)
Inside Diameter 0.2027 m (7.981 in)
Nominal Diameter 8 in Sch. 40
Wall Thickness 0.0082 m (0.322 in)

Technical Study 620
Total Length 13.5 m

Power Requirement 1.0 hp
Retention Time 58.5 min
WASTEWATER PIPING SYSTEM (2): NEUTRALIZATION CONTACT BASIN
TO CLARIFIER
Design Description:
Wastewater from the neutralization contact basin is transported to the clarifier for the next
treatment process.

2. The mass flow rate of the neutralized wastewater is 111,109.20 kg
3. The time of transport is 3,600 seconds.
5. The viscosity of the neutralized wastewater is 2 cp
6. The length of pipe C is 5m and pipe D is 0.3 m. The total straight pipe length is 5.3 m.
&Timmerhaus, 5th ed., pp. 510)
3. Pipe Length
1. Pipe Diameter

Technical Study 621
𝑚 111,109.20 kg
𝒒𝒇 = 𝑡 = 3600 𝑠 = 0.8549 ft 3 /s
𝜌 3 1 m3
1274.78 kg/m ×
35.31 ft 3
𝑫𝒊,𝒐𝒑𝒕 = 𝟑. 𝟗𝒒𝒇 𝟎.𝟒𝟓 𝝆𝟎.𝟏𝟑

where:
0.45 0.13
Use 8 in sch. 40
ID = 7.981 in = 0.2027 m
OD= 8.625 in = 0.2191 m
π π
A = D2 = × (0.2027 m)2 = 0.0323 m2
4 4
kg
(111,109.20 )
batch
m 3600 sec
v= = = 0.7496 m/s
ρA kg
1274.78 3 × 0.0323 m2
m
m kg
Dvρ 0.2027 m × 0.7496 × 1274.78 3
s m
Nre = = = 96848
μ kg
0.002
m−s
2. Pipe Thickness
t = 0.322 in
3. Pipe Length
Using Fig 127 (Equivalent Lengths of Valves and Various Fittings – Crane Co.) with a nominal pipe
diameter of 10 in with an inside diameter of 10.020 in (Unit Operations by Brown),
Use 13.5 m
ε 0.00015
= = 0.00023
D 1 𝑓𝑡
7.981 in ×
12 in
1 ε 2.52
= −2 log ( + )
√f 3.7D Nre √f

2
m 1 ft
fLv 2 0. 0193 × 43.8885 ft × (0.7496 × ) ft − lbf
lwf = = s 0.3048 m = 0.1196
2 × 32.2 × 7.981 in ×
lbf − s2 12 in
g
∆z = 0
gc

Technical Study 622
∆P 14.7 𝑖𝑛2 𝑥( 1 𝑓𝑡 ) ft − lbf
= = 26.59
ρ 𝑙𝑏𝑚 lbm
79.60 3
𝑓𝑡

m 1 ft
∆v 2 ∆v 2 ( 0.7496 × )2 − 0 ft − lbf
= = s 0.3048 m = 0.0939
2 × 32.2
lbf − s2
∆v 2 g ∆P
−Ws = lwf + + ∆z +
2g c gc ρ
−Ws = 0.1196 + 0.0939 + 0 + 26.59 = 26.8035
lbm lbm lbm lbm lbm
Mass flowrate,
111109.20 kg 2.205lb lb
ṁ = × = 68.0544
3600 s 1 kg s
ft − lbf lb 1 hP
26.8035 × 68.0544 ×
lbm s ft − lbf
550
0.80
Use 5.0 hp
5. Retention Time
−𝑊𝑠 × m
P=
E
PE
m=
−Ws
𝒎𝒂𝒔𝒔
𝐭=
𝐏𝐄
−𝐖𝐬
Where,
ft − lbf
lbm
lb
s
Ė = efficiency
2.205 𝑙𝑏
111109.20 kg x
1 𝑘𝑔
t= = 3316.5377 𝑠 = 49.75 𝑚𝑖𝑛
ft − lbf
550
5.0 hp x s x 0.80
1 ℎ𝑝
( )
ft − lbf
26.8035
lbm
𝐔𝐬𝐞 𝟓𝟎. 𝟎𝟎 𝐦𝐢𝐧𝐬
Piping Connection: Neutralization Contact Basin to Clarifier
Function: Transfer the neutralized wastewater to Clarifier

1 Standard Elbow
1 Centrifugal Pump

Technical Study 623

Total Length 13.5 m
WASTEWATER PIPING SYSTEM (3): CLARIFIER TO UASB 1
Design Description:
Wastewater from the clarifier is transported to UASB for the next treatment process.

c. Centrifugal Pump
2. The mass flow rate of the clarified wastewater is 110,976.8753 kg/batch.
3. The time of transport is 3600 seconds.
5. The viscosity of the clarified wastewater is 2 cp
6. The length of pipe E is 0.3 m and pipe F is 5.5 m. The total straight pipe length is 5.8 m.
3. Pipe Length
1. Pipe Diameter
𝑚 110,976.8753 kg/batch
𝒒𝒇 = 𝑡 = 3600 𝑠 = 0.8539 ft 3 /s
𝜌 3 1 m3
1274.78 kg/m ×
35.31 ft 3

Technical Study 624
𝑫𝒊,𝒐𝒑𝒕 = 𝟑. 𝟗𝒒𝒇 𝟎.𝟒𝟓 𝝆𝟎.𝟏𝟑

where:
Di,opt = 3.9𝑞𝑓 0.45 𝜌0.13 = 3.9 × (0.8539 ft 3 /s)0.45 (79.60 lb/ft 3 )0.13 = 6.4168 in
Use 8 in sch. 40
ID = 7.981 in = 0.2027 m
OD= 8.625 in = 0.2191 m
π 2 π
A= D = × (0.2027 m)2 = 0.0323 m2
4 4
kg
(110,976.8753 )
batch
m 3600 sec
v= = = 0.7487 m/s
ρA kg
1274.78 3 × 0.0323 m2
m
m kg
Dvρ 0.2027 m × 0.7487 × 1274.78 3
s m = 96731
Nre = =
μ kg
0.002
m−s
2. Pipe Thickness
t = 0.322 in
3. Pipe Length
Using Fig 127 (Equivalent Lengths of Valves and Various Fittings – Crane Co.) with a nominal pipe diameter of
8 in with an inside diameter of 7.981 in (Unit Operations by Brown),
Use 14.00 m
ε 0.00015
= = 0.00023
D 1 𝑓𝑡
7.981 in ×
12 in
1 ε 2.52
= −2 log ( + )
√f 3.7D Nre √f

2
m 1 ft
fLv 2 0.0193 × 45.5289 ft × (0.7487 × )
lwf = = s 0.3048 m = 0.0103 ft − lbf
2 × 32.2 × 7.981 in ×
lbf − s2 12 in
g
∆z = 0
gc
∆P 14.7 𝑖𝑛2 𝑥( 1 𝑓𝑡 ) ft − lbf
= = 26.59
ρ 𝑙𝑏𝑚 lbm
79.60 3
𝑓𝑡

Technical Study 625

m 1 ft
∆v 2 ∆v 2 ( 0.7487 × )2 − 0 ft − lbf
= = s 0.3048 m = 0.0937
2 × 32.2
lbf − s2
∆v 2 g ∆P
−Ws = lwf + + ∆z +
2g c gc ρ
−Ws = 0.0103 + 0.0937 + 0 + 26.59 = 26.6940
lbm lbm lbm lbm lbm
Mass flowrate,
110,976.8753 kg 2.205lb lb
ṁ = × = 67.9733
3600 s 1 kg s
ft − lbf lb 1 hP
26.6940 × 67.9733 ×
lbm s ft − lbf
550
0.80
Use 5.00 hp
5. Retention Time
−𝑊𝑠 × m
P=
E
PE
m=
−Ws
𝒎𝒂𝒔𝒔
𝐭=
𝐏𝐄
−𝐖𝐬
Where,
ft − lbf
lbm
lb
s
Ė = efficiency
2.205 𝑙𝑏
110,976.8753 kg x
1 𝑘𝑔
t= = 2969.1495 𝑠 = 49.45 𝑚𝑖𝑛
ft − lbf
550
5.0 hp x s x 0.80
1 ℎ𝑝
( )
ft − lbf
26.6940
lbm
𝐔𝐬𝐞 𝟒𝟗. 𝟓𝟎 𝐦𝐢𝐧𝐬
Piping Connection: Clarifier to UASB 1
Transfer the clarified wastewater to UASB
Function:
Reactor 1
1 Gate Valve
Auxiliaries 1 Standard Elbow
1 Centrifugal Pump
Inside Diameter 0.2027 (7.981 in)
Nominal Diameter 0.0082 m (8 in Sch. 40)
Wall Thickness 0.322 in
Total Length 14 m

Technical Study 626
WASTEWATER PIPING SYSTEM (4): UASB 1 TO UASB 2
Design Description:
Wastewater from the UASB1 is transported to UASB 2 for the next treatment process.

a. One Gate Valve (fully open)
b. Two Standard elbow
4. The density of the wastewater is 1274.78 kg/m 3 (79.60 lb/ft3)
5. The viscosity of the wastewater is 2 cp.
6. The length of pipe G is 4 m, pipe H is 8 m, and pipe I is 0.25 m. The total straight pipe length is 12.25 m.
3. For plain end pipe, over 1 in nominal size, an allowable for threading, mechanical strength and corrosion s 0.065
(Equipment Design by Hesse, pp. 221).
1. Pipe Diameter 3. Pipe Length
1. Pipe Diameter
𝑚 103669.55 kg/batch
𝒒𝒇 = 𝑡 = 3600 𝑠 = 0.7976 ft 3 /s
𝜌 1 m3
1274.78 kg/m3 × 3
35.31 ft
Assuming turbulent flow, using Equation 15 (Plant Design and Economics for Chemical Engineers, Peters and
th
Timmerhaus, 4 ed., pp. 496):
𝑫𝒊,𝒐𝒑𝒕 = 𝟑. 𝟗𝒒𝒇 𝟎.𝟒𝟓 𝝆𝟎.𝟏𝟑
where:
𝑫𝒊,𝒐𝒑𝒕= optimum inside diameter, in.
Use 6 in sch. 10
ID = 6.357 in = 0.1615 m

Technical Study 627
OD= 6.625 in = 0.1683 m

π 2 π
A= D = × (0.1615 m)2 = 0.0205 m2
4 4
kg
(103,669.55 )
batch
m 3600 sec
v= = = 1.1019 m/s
ρA kg
1274.78 3 × 0.0205 m2
m
m kg
Dvρ 0.1615 m × 1.1019 × 1274.78 3
Nre = = s m = 113428
μ kg
0.002
m−s
2. Pipe Thickness
t = 0.134 in
3. Pipe Length
Standard Elbow = 12 ft (2)
Use 21 m
4. Retention Time
𝑫𝒊,𝒐𝒑𝒕 = 𝟑. 𝟗𝒒𝒇 𝟎.𝟒𝟓 𝝆𝟎.𝟏𝟑
0.45 𝐷𝑖
𝑞𝑓 = √
3.90.13
𝑚
( ) 0.45 𝐷𝑖
𝑡 = √
𝜌 3.90.13
𝒎
𝒕=
𝟎.𝟒𝟓 𝑫𝒊
𝝆𝒙 √
𝟑. 𝟗𝟎.𝟏𝟑
Where,
Based on the used inside diameter of 6.357 in (6 in sch. 10),

2.205 𝑙𝑏
103,669.55 kg x
1 𝑘𝑔
𝒕=
79.60 𝑙𝑏 𝟔. 𝟑𝟓𝟕 𝒊𝒏
( ) 𝒙 𝟎.𝟒𝟓√
ft 3 79.60 𝑙𝑏 𝟎.𝟏𝟑
𝟑. 𝟗 𝒙 ( )
ft 3
𝒕 = 𝟑𝟒𝟑𝟑. 𝟕𝟕𝟏𝟓 𝒔 = 𝟓𝟕. 𝟐𝟑 𝒎𝒊𝒏
𝑼𝒔𝒆 𝟓𝟕. 𝟓𝟎 𝒎𝒊𝒏
Piping Connection: UASB 1 to UASB 2
Function: Transfer the wastewater from UASB1 to UASB2

1 Gate Valve
Auxiliaries
2 Standard Elbow
Total Length 21 m

Technical Study 628
WASTEWATER PIPING SYSTEM (5): UASB 2 TO Trickling Filter

Design Description:
Wastewater from the UASB1 is transported to UASB 2 for the next treatment process.

a. One Gate Valve (fully open)
b. Two Standard elbow
4. The density of the wastewater is 1274.78 kg/m3 (79.60 lb/ft3)
5. The viscosity of the wastewater is 2 cp.
6. The length of pipe J is 6 m, pipe K is 8.5 m, and pipe L is 1.5 m. The total straight pipe length is 16 m.
3. For plain end pipe, over 1 in nominal size, an allowable for threading, mechanical strength and corrosion s
0.065 (Equipment Design by Hesse, pp. 221).
1. Pipe Diameter 3. Pipe Length
1. Pipe Diameter
𝑚 103328.27 kg/batch
𝒒𝒇 = 𝑡 = 3600 𝑠 = 0.7950 ft 3 /s
𝜌 1 m3
1274.78 kg/m3 × 3
35.31 ft
Assuming turbulent flow, using Equation 15 (Plant Design and Economics for Chemical Engineers, Peters and
th
Timmerhaus, 4 ed., pp. 496):
𝑫𝒊,𝒐𝒑𝒕 = 𝟑. 𝟗𝒒𝒇 𝟎.𝟒𝟓 𝝆𝟎.𝟏𝟑
where:
Use 6 in sch. 10
ID = 6.357 in = 0.1615 m

Technical Study 629
OD= 6.625 in = 0.1683 m

π 2 π
A= D = × (0.1615 m)2 = 0.0205 m2
4 4
kg
(103,328.27 )
batch
m 3600 sec
v= = = 1.0983 m/s
ρA kg
1274.78 3 × 0.0205 m2
m
m kg
Dvρ 0.1615 m × 1.0983 × 1274.78 3
Nre = = s m = 113057
μ kg
0.002
m−s
2. Pipe Thickness
t = 0.134 in
3. Pipe Length
Using Fig 127 (Equivalent Lengths of Valves and Various Fittings – Crane Co.) with a nominal pipe diameter of 6 in with an
inside diameter of 6.357 in (Unit Operations by Brown),
Standard Elbow = 12 ft (2)
Straight pipe = 16 m = 52.4934 ft
Use 24.50 m
4. Retention Time
𝑫𝒊,𝒐𝒑𝒕 = 𝟑. 𝟗𝒒𝒇 𝟎.𝟒𝟓 𝝆𝟎.𝟏𝟑
0.45 𝐷𝑖
𝑞𝑓 = √
3.90.13
𝑚
( ) 0.45 𝐷𝑖
𝑡 = √
𝜌 3.90.13
𝒎
𝒕=
𝟎.𝟒𝟓 𝑫𝒊
𝝆𝒙 √
𝟑. 𝟗𝟎.𝟏𝟑
Where,
Based on the used inside diameter of 6.357 in (6 in sch. 10),

2.205 𝑙𝑏
103,328.27 kg x
1 𝑘𝑔
𝒕=
79.60 𝑙𝑏 𝟔. 𝟑𝟓𝟕 𝒊𝒏
( ) 𝒙 𝟎.𝟒𝟓√
ft 3 79.60 𝑙𝑏 𝟎.𝟏𝟑
𝟑. 𝟗 𝒙 ( )
ft 3
𝒕 = 𝟑𝟒𝟐𝟐. 𝟒𝟔𝟕𝟓 𝒔 = 𝟓𝟕. 𝟎𝟒 𝒎𝒊𝒏
𝑼𝒔𝒆 𝟓𝟕. 𝟓𝟎 𝒎𝒊𝒏
Piping Connection: UASB 1 to UASB 2
Transfer the wastewater from UASB2 to Trickling

Function:
Filter
1 Gate Valve
Auxiliaries
2 Standard Elbow
Total Length 24.50 m

Technical Study 630
WASTEWATER PIPING SYSTEM (6): TRICKLING FILTER TO

AERATED LAGOON

Design Description:
Wastewater from the Trickling Filter is transported to the aerated lagoon for the next treatment
process.

2. The mass flow rate of the collected wastewater is 103,241.51 kg.
5. The viscosity used is 1 cp
6. The length of pipe M is 0.3 m and pipe N is 5 m. The total straight pipe length is 5.3 m.
3. Pipe Length
1. Pipe Diameter
𝑚 103,241.51 kg
𝒒𝒇 = 𝑡 = 3600 𝑠 = 0.7944 ft 3 /s
𝜌 3 1 m3
1274.78 kg/m ×
35.31 ft 3
Use: 𝒒𝒇 = 0.8 ft 3 /s

Technical Study 631
𝑫𝒊,𝒐𝒑𝒕 = 𝟑. 𝟗𝒒𝒇 𝟎.𝟒𝟓 𝝆𝟎.𝟏𝟑

where:
0.45 0.13
Use 6 in sch. 10
ID = 6.357 in = 0.1615 m
OD= 6.625 in = 0.1683 m
π 2 π
A = D = × (0.1615 m)2 = 0.0205 m2
4 4
103,241.51 kg
m 3600 𝑠
v= = = 1.1 m/s
ρA kg
1274.78 3 × 0.0205 m2
m
m kg
Dvρ 0.1615 m × 1.1 × 1274.78 3
s m
Nre = = = 226,465
μ kg
0.001
m−s
2. Pipe Thickness
t = 0.134 in
3. Pipe Length
Use 10.5 m
ε 0.00015
= = 0.000283
D 1 𝑓𝑡
6.357 in ×
12 in
1 ε 2.52
= −2 log ( + )
√f 3.7D Nre √f

2
m 1 ft
fLv 2 0. 1318 × 32.8885 ft × (1.1 × ) ft − lbf
lwf = = s 0.3048 m = 1.6548
2 × 32.2 × 6.357 in ×
lbf − s2 12 in

g
∆z =0
gc
∆P 14.7 𝑖𝑛2 𝑥( 1 𝑓𝑡 ) ft − lbf
= = 26.6
ρ 𝑙𝑏𝑚 lbm
79.58 3
𝑓𝑡
m 1 ft
∆v 2 ∆v 2 ( 1.1 × )2 − 0 ft − lbf
= = s 0.3048 m = 0.2022
2 × 32.2
lbf − s2

Technical Study 632

∆v 2 g ∆P
−Ws = lwf + + ∆z +
2g c gc ρ
−Ws = 1.6548 + 0.2022 + 0 + 26.6 = 28.457
lbm lbm lbm lbm lbm
Mass flowrate,
103,241.51 kg 2.205lb lb
ṁ = × = 63.2354
3600 s 1 kg s
ft − lbf lb 1 hP
28.457 × 63.2354 ×
lbm s ft − lbf
550
Power Requirement = s = 4.0897hP
0.80
Use 5.0 hp
5. Retention Time
−𝑊𝑠 × m
P=
E
PE
m=
−Ws
𝒎𝒂𝒔𝒔
𝐭=
𝐏𝐄
−𝐖𝐬
Where,
ft − lbf
lbm
lb
s
Ė = efficiency
2.205 𝑙𝑏
103,241.51 kg x
1 𝑘𝑔
t= = 2944.6208 𝑠 = 49.08 𝑚𝑖𝑛
ft − lbf
550
5.0 hp x s x 0.80
1 ℎ𝑝
( )
ft − lbf
28.457
lbm
𝐔𝐬𝐞 𝟒𝟗. 𝟓𝟎 𝐦𝐢𝐧𝐬
Piping Connection: Trickling Filter to Aerated Lagoon
Transfer the collected wastewater to Aerated
Function:
Lagoon
1 Standard Elbow
1 Centrifugal Pump
Total Length 10.5 m

Technical Study 633

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PAMANTASAN NG LUNGSOD NG MAYNILA

College of Engineering and Technology

Production of Tylose Powder via Alkali Digestion and

WASTEWATER PIPING SYSTEM

Table 10.1: List of Wastewater Piping System

No. Piping System

Production of Tylose Powder via Alkali Digestion and

Production of Tylose Powder via Alkali Digestion and

WASTEWATER PIPING SYSTEM (1): FLOW EQUALIZATION BASIN TO

Figure 10.1 Wastewater Piping System 1 Layout

Data and Assumption:

Production of Tylose Powder via Alkali Digestion and

𝑫𝒊,𝒐𝒑𝒕 = 𝟑. 𝟗𝒒𝒇 𝟎.𝟒𝟓 𝝆𝟎.𝟏𝟑

To solve the friction loss, using Equation 63 of Unit Operations by Brown:

Production of Tylose Powder via Alkali Digestion and

Production of Tylose Powder via Alkali Digestion and

Total Length 13.5 m

Figure 10.2 Wastewater Piping System 2 Layout

Data and Assumption:

Production of Tylose Powder via Alkali Digestion and

𝑫𝒊,𝒐𝒑𝒕 = 𝟑. 𝟗𝒒𝒇 𝟎.𝟒𝟓 𝝆𝟎.𝟏𝟑

To solve the friction loss, using Equation 63 of Unit Operations by Brown:

Production of Tylose Powder via Alkali Digestion and

Solving for kinetic head:

Function: Transfer the neutralized wastewater to Clarifier

Production of Tylose Powder via Alkali Digestion and

Wall Thickness 0.0082 m (0.322 in)

Figure 10.3 Wastewater Piping System 3 Layout

Data and Assumption:

Production of Tylose Powder via Alkali Digestion and

𝑫𝒊,𝒐𝒑𝒕 = 𝟑. 𝟗𝒒𝒇 𝟎.𝟒𝟓 𝝆𝟎.𝟏𝟑

To solve the friction loss, using Equation 63 of Unit Operations by Brown:

Production of Tylose Powder via Alkali Digestion and

Solving for kinetic head:

Production of Tylose Powder via Alkali Digestion and

WASTEWATER PIPING SYSTEM (4): UASB 1 TO UASB 2

Figure 10.4 Wastewater Piping System 4 Layout

Data and Assumption:

Production of Tylose Powder via Alkali Digestion and

OD= 6.625 in = 0.1683 m

Based on the used inside diameter of 6.357 in (6 in sch. 10),

Function: Transfer the wastewater from UASB1 to UASB2

Production of Tylose Powder via Alkali Digestion and

WASTEWATER PIPING SYSTEM (5): UASB 2 TO Trickling Filter

Figure 10.5 Wastewater Piping System 5 Layout

Data and Assumption:

Production of Tylose Powder via Alkali Digestion and

OD= 6.625 in = 0.1683 m

Based on the used inside diameter of 6.357 in (6 in sch. 10),

Transfer the wastewater from UASB2 to Trickling

Production of Tylose Powder via Alkali Digestion and

WASTEWATER PIPING SYSTEM (6): TRICKLING FILTER TO

Figure 10.6 Wastewater Piping System 6 Layout

Data and Assumption:

Production of Tylose Powder via Alkali Digestion and

𝑫𝒊,𝒐𝒑𝒕 = 𝟑. 𝟗𝒒𝒇 𝟎.𝟒𝟓 𝝆𝟎.𝟏𝟑

To solve the friction loss, using Equation 63 of Unit Operations by Brown:

Solving for potential head:

Production of Tylose Powder via Alkali Digestion and