History of PLC

HISTORY OF PLC
Origin
Programmable logic controllers (PLCs) first hit the scene in the late 1960s. The primary
reason for designing such a device was eliminating the large cost involved in replacing the
complicated relay based machine control systems for major U.S. car manufacturers.
Some companies proposed schemes based on the Digital Equipment Corp. DEC PDP-8,
the widely-used mini-computer at the time. Dick Morley’s company Bedford Associates in
Massachusetts proposed something called a Modular Digital Controller (MODICON). The
MODICON 084 brought the world’s first PLC into commercial production.
Since then, a slow steady growth has allowed the manufacturing and process control
industries to take advantage of PLC applications-oriented software—programmable language
that looks and feels like relay-ladder-logic where any maintenance technician.
Morley is generally credited with the “invention” of the PLC. However, there were many
others involved in the birth of this landmark development, including the late Odo Struger (from
Allen-Bradley, now Rockwell).
Discoverer
Richard E. Morley is the father of the programmable controller, inventor of the floppy
disk, and a leader in the field of advanced technological development. An avid entrepreneur, Mr.
Morley has taken part in the founding of approximately fifty high technology companies through
more than three decades. Mr. Morley has more than twenty United States and foreign patents,
including the parallel inference machine, hand-held terminal, programmable logic controller, and
magnetic thin film.
Mr. Morley earned a physics degree from MIT, which provided the insight to become a
pioneer in the areas of computer design, artificial intelligence, automation and futurism. As an
inventor, author, consultant and engineer, Mr. Morley has provided the research and
development community with world-changing innovations.
Why is PLC necessary in most manufacturing plant?
A programmable logic controller, PLC, or programmable controller is a digital computer

used for automation of typically industrial electromechanical processes, such as control of
machinery on factory assembly lines, amusement rides, or light fixtures. PLCs are used
in many machines, in many industries.
Advantages of Programmable Controller
1. Very fast
2. Easy to change logic i.e. flexibility
3. Reliable due to absence of moving parts
4. Low power consumption
5. Easy maintenance due to modular assembly
6. Facilities in fault finding and diagnostic
7. Capable of handling of very complicated logic operations
8. Good documentation facilities
9. Easy to couple with the process computers
10. Analog signal handling and close loop control programming
11. Counter, timer and comparator can be programmed
12. Ease operator interface due to colourographic and advisory system introduction
Applications of PLC:
Proper application of a PLC begins with an economical justification analysis. The batch
process in chemical, cement, food and paper industries are sequential in nature, requiring time or
event based decisions. PLCs are being used more and more as total solutions to a batch problem
in these industries rather than just a tool.
In batch process savings are developed principally from reduced cycle time and
scheduling. Cycle automation provides rigid control enforcement to eliminate human errors and
to minimize manual interventions. Increased efficiency in scheduling is to be expected with
maximum utilization of equipment and reduction of fluctuating demands on critical equipment.
In large process plants PLCs are being increasingly used for automatic start up and
shutdown of critical equipments. A PLC ensures that an equipment cannot be started unless all
the permissive conditions for safe start have been established. It also monitors the conditions
necessary for safe running of the equipment and trip the equipment whenever any abnormality in
the system is detected.
The PLC can be programmed to function as an energy management system for boiler
control for maximum efficiency and safety. In the burner management system it can be used to
control the process of purging, pilot light off, flame safety checks, main burner light off and
valve switching for changeover of fuels.
Name: Reyma Joy S. Sipat Yr. & Sect.: ME5PB
Subject: TE433 Date: January 21, 2018
Omron Automation
(Cobra 450 - Mid-size SCARA robot for material handling, assembly, precision machining and adhesive application)
Omron automation was established 80 years ago and it is one of the top industrial automation companies in
the world. The major business of the company is the manufacture and sale of automated equipment and systems.
Product name Cobra

Size 450
Model 1720[ ]-14500
Number of axes 4
Mounting table/floor
Reach 450 mm
Maximum Payload 5 kg
Repeatability XY ±0.02 mm
Z ±0.01 mm
Theta ±0.005°
Joint Range Joint 1 ±125°
Joint 2 ±145°
Joint 3 200 mm
Joint 4 ±360°
Inertia Joint 4 450 kg-cm2
Moment (Max.)
Joint Speeds Joint 1 450°/s
Joint 2 720°/s
Joint 3 1100 mm/s
Joint 4 1940°/s
Cycle times, *1 Burst 0.49 s
with 2.0 kg Payload Sustained 0.64 s
Power Requirements 24 VDC: 6 A
200 to 240 VAC: 10 A, single-phase
Protection IP20
Clean Class ---
Environment Ambient Temperature 5 to 40°C
Requirements Humidity Range 35 to 90% (non-condensing)
Weight 29 kg
Basic Controller eMotionBlox-40
configuration On-board I/O (Input/Output) 12/8
Conveyor tracking input 2
RS-232C serial 1
communications port
Programming environment ACE, PackXpert, ePLC
ACE Sight Yes
ePLC Connect Yes
ePLC I/O Yes
Connectable controller *2 eMotionBlox-40M, SmartController EX, NJ/NX/NY Series
Features:
• Ethernet capability to control the robot through the familiar programming language (IEC
61131-3) of Machine Automation Controller NJ/NX/NY Series
• Good repeatability for precision assembly
• High Payload for using tools for screw-driving and adhesive application
• Minimum footprint with separate controller
• Robot with integral power and signal cables
• Reach 450 mm
• Maximum Payload 5 kg
• Weight 29 kg

History of PLC

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History of PLC

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HISTORY OF PLC

Why is PLC necessary in most manufacturing plant?

A programmable logic controller, PLC, or programmable controller is a digital computer

Advantages of Programmable Controller

Product name Cobra

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