The Philippine Commission on Women defines gender development as a participatory and empowering process that promotes human rights, self-determination, and equality between men and women. Prior to gender and development reforms, society enforced strict gender stereotypes and roles. For example, women were expected to hold clean jobs that paid less than men's work, and men were viewed as the heads of households. The gender and development approach focuses on challenging these traditional gender roles and relations to promote more equitable development for all.
The Philippine Commission on Women defines gender development as a participatory and empowering process that promotes human rights, self-determination, and equality between men and women. Prior to gender and development reforms, society enforced strict gender stereotypes and roles. For example, women were expected to hold clean jobs that paid less than men's work, and men were viewed as the heads of households. The gender and development approach focuses on challenging these traditional gender roles and relations to promote more equitable development for all.
The Philippine Commission on Women defines gender development as a participatory and empowering process that promotes human rights, self-determination, and equality between men and women. Prior to gender and development reforms, society enforced strict gender stereotypes and roles. For example, women were expected to hold clean jobs that paid less than men's work, and men were viewed as the heads of households. The gender and development approach focuses on challenging these traditional gender roles and relations to promote more equitable development for all.
The Philippine Commission on Women defines gender development as a participatory and empowering process that promotes human rights, self-determination, and equality between men and women. Prior to gender and development reforms, society enforced strict gender stereotypes and roles. For example, women were expected to hold clean jobs that paid less than men's work, and men were viewed as the heads of households. The gender and development approach focuses on challenging these traditional gender roles and relations to promote more equitable development for all.
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GENDER AND DEVELOPMENT (GAD)
The Philippine Commission on Women defined Gender Development as the development
perspective and process that is participatory and empowering , equitable, sustainable, free from
violence, respectful of human rights , supportive of self determination and actualization of human
potentials. (Gender and Development - Definition, n.d.)
Gender and Development in Philippines
Philippine Plan for Gender and Development, 1995-2025, is a National Plan that addresses,
provides and pursues full equality and development for men and women. Approved and adopted
by former President Fidel V. Ramos as Executive No. 273, on September 8, 1995, it is the
successor of the Philippine Development Plan for Women, 1989-1992 adopted by Executive No.
348 of February 17, 1989.
Society Before the Gender and Development
Gender stereotypes are generalizations about the roles of each gender. Gender roles are
generally neither positive nor negative, they are simply inaccurate generalizations of the male and
female attributes. Since each person has individual desires, thoughts, and feelings, regardless of
their gender, these stereotypes are incredibly simplistic and do not at all describe the attributes of
every person of each gender.
Here are some examples to simplify on how society works before Gender and
Development was formed:
WOMEN: - Supposed to have clean jobs such as secretaries, teachers, and librarians
-Are supposed to make less money than men
MEN: - Men are in charge they are always at the top
- As husbands, men tell their wives what to do
(Gender And Development (GAD), n.d.)
In GAD influencer Dr. Naila Cresino , CvSU Director that Gender and Development
program enhance the awareness, knowledge , and skills. And they also change the perceptions ,
attitudes , values of faculty members , employees , students , and external clients. GAD it approach
focusses on the socially constructed basis of differences between men and women and emphasizes
the need to challenge existing gender roles and relations.
THEORY OF GENDER AND DEVELOPMENT
Gender and Development was developed in 1980’s as an alternative to the Women in
Development (WID) approach. Unlike WID it focuses on the assign roles and responsibilities of
all women , but the GAD it also focuses on the assign roles and responsibilities both women and
men . GAD applies gender analysis to uncover the ways in which men and women work together
without hesitating.
Caroline Moser development planning in the 1980’s while working at the Development
Planning Unit of the University of London. The Moser Framework follows the GAD approach in
emphasizing the importance of gender relations. The World Bank was one of the first international
organizations to recognize the need for Women in Development approach a WID adviser in 1977.
In 1984 the bank mandated that its programs consider women’s issues. In 1994 the bank issued a
policy paper on Gender and Development , reflecting current thinking on the subject. This policy aims to address policy and institutional constraints that maintain disparities between the genders
and the limit the effectiveness of development programs. (Gender And Development (GAD), n.d.)
SCHOOL FACTORS RELATED TO GENDER AND DEVELOPMENT
CULTURE
The patterns of ideas, beliefs and norms which characterize the way of life and relations of a society
or group within a society.
GENDER RELATIONS
Hierarchical relations of power between women an men that tend to disadvantage women.
GENDER DISCRIMINATION
The systematic unfavourable treatments of individuals on the basis of their gender .
GENDER DIVISION OF LABOUR
Division of work based on gender. Productive/ economic outside men . Household/ reproductive
inside women.
GENDER AWARENESS
The recognition that the life experiences, expectations, and needs of women and men are different,
that many times they involve inequity.
GENDER EQUALITY AND EQUITY
Gender equality refers to equal access to social goods, services, and resources and equal
opportunities in all spheres of life for both men and women.
GENDER INEQUALITY
Women and men should not only be given equal access to resources and equal opportunities
WOMEN’S EMPOWERMENT
It is the process and outcome of the process, by women challenge gender based discrimination
against women/men in all the institution and society
