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    Example 2.5

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    Ndalamo Dilly Tshitema
    The document summarizes solving for the minimum total potential energy of a spring assemblage shown in a figure. It obtains equations for the potential energy of each spring element. It then finds the total potential energy as the sum of the element potentials and minimizes this total energy with respect to the displacements at each node. This results in a system of equations in matrix form that are identical to those obtained through the direct stiffness method. Solving this system provides the minimum total potential energy and displacements at each node.

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    Example 2.5

    Uploaded by

    Ndalamo Dilly Tshitema
    59 views5 pages
    The document summarizes solving for the minimum total potential energy of a spring assemblage shown in a figure. It obtains equations for the potential energy of each spring element. It then finds the total potential energy as the sum of the element potentials and minimizes this total energy with respect to the displacements at each node. This results in a system of equations in matrix form that are identical to those obtained through the direct stiffness method. Solving this system provides the minimum total potential energy and displacements at each node.

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    The document summarizes solving for the minimum total potential energy of a spring assemblage shown in a figure. It obtains equations for the potential energy of each spring element. It then finds the total potential energy as the sum of the element potentials and minimizes this total energy with respect to the displacements at each node. This results in a system of equations in matrix form that are identical to those obtained through the direct stiffness method. Solving this system provides the minimum total potential energy and displacements at each node.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    59 views5 pages

    Example 2.5

    Uploaded by

    Ndalamo Dilly Tshitema
    The document summarizes solving for the minimum total potential energy of a spring assemblage shown in a figure. It obtains equations for the potential energy of each spring element. It then finds the total potential energy as the sum of the element potentials and minimizes this total energy with respect to the displacements at each node. This results in a system of equations in matrix form that are identical to those obtained through the direct stiffness method. Solving this system provides the minimum total potential energy and displacements at each node.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 5

    Problem 2.

    Obtain the total potential energy of the spring assemblage in


    the Figure for Example 2.1 and find its minimum value. The
    procedure of assembling element equations can then be seen
    to be obtained from the minimization of the total potential
    energy.
    A force of 25 kN is applied at node 4 in the 𝑥 direction.
    The spring constants given in the figure can be translated
    into SI Units as: k1 = 200N/mm, k2 = 400N/mm, k3 =
    600N/mm. Nodes 1 and 2 are fixed.

    Solution
    The potential energy πp for element 1 is:

    (1) 1
    𝜋𝑝 = 𝑘1 (𝑢3 − 𝑢1 )2 − 𝑓1𝑥 𝑢1 − 𝑓3𝑥 𝑢3
    2
    The potential energy πp for element 2 is:

    (2) 1
    𝜋𝑝 = 𝑘2 (𝑢4 − 𝑢3 )2 − 𝑓3𝑥 𝑢3 − 𝑓4𝑥 𝑢4
    2

    The potential energy πp for element 3 is:

    (3) 1
    𝜋𝑝 = 𝑘3 (𝑢2 − 𝑢4 )2 − 𝑓4𝑥 𝑢4 − 𝑓2𝑥 𝑢2
    2

    The total potential energy πp for the spring system is:

    3
    (𝑒)
    𝜋𝑝 = ∑ 𝜋𝑝
    𝑒=1

    We can now minimize total potential energy at each node in


    turn.
    For node 1:

    𝜕𝜋𝑝 ( )
    = −𝑘1 𝑢3 + 𝑘1 𝑢1 − 𝑓1𝑥1 = 0
    𝜕𝑢1

    For node 2:

    𝜕𝜋𝑝 ( )
    = 𝑘3 𝑢2 − 𝑘3 𝑢4 − 𝑓2𝑥3 = 0
    𝜕𝑢2

    For node 3:

    𝜕𝜋𝑝 ( ) (2)
    = 𝑘1 𝑢3 − 𝑘1 𝑢1 + 𝑘2 𝑢3 − 𝑘2 𝑢4 − 𝑓3𝑥1 − 𝑓3𝑥 = 0
    𝜕𝑢3

    For node 4:

    𝜕𝜋𝑝 ( ) (3)
    = 𝑘2 𝑢4 − 𝑘2 𝑢3 + 𝑘3 𝑢4 − 𝑘3 𝑢2 − 𝑓4𝑥2 − 𝑓4𝑥 = 0
    𝜕𝑢4

    The matrix form of these equations is given as:


    𝐹1𝑥 𝑘1 0 −𝑘1 0 𝑢1
    𝐹 0 𝑘2 0 −𝑘3 𝑢
    { 2𝑥 } = [ ] {𝑢2 }
    𝐹3𝑥 −𝑘1 0 𝑘1 + 𝑘2 −𝑘2 3
    𝐹4𝑥 0 −𝑘3 −𝑘2 𝑘2 + 𝑘3 𝑢4

    Such that the force equilibrium equations are:

    (1)
    𝐹1𝑥 = 𝑓1𝑥

    (3)
    𝐹2𝑥 = 𝑓2𝑥

    (1) (2)
    𝐹3𝑥 = 𝑓3𝑥 + 𝑓3𝑥

    (2) (3)
    𝐹4𝑥 = 𝑓4𝑥 + 𝑓4𝑥

    𝐹1𝑥 200 0 −200 0 𝑢1


    𝐹 −600] {𝑢2 }
    { 2𝑥 } = [ 0 600 0
    𝐹3𝑥 −200 0 600 −400 𝑢3
    𝐹4𝑥 0 −600 −400 1000 𝑢4
    The above equations are identical to those we obtained
    through the direct stiffness method. From this point onwards
    the solution follows the same procedure as in example 2.1
    covered in Week 2, Lecture 2.

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