CHAPTER 1 : STIMULI AND RESPONSES

Formative Practice 1.1

1.1 Human Nervous System

1. State two main parts of the human nervous system.

_________________________________________________________________

2. (a) What is voluntary action? Give one example of a voluntary action.

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

(b) What is involuntary action? Give one example of an involuntary action.

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

3. What happens if a person has brain injury?

_________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

4. What is the importance of the network of human nervous system in life?

_________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

1
Formative Practice 1.2
1.2 Stimuli and Responses in Humans
1. Complete the following mechanism of sight.

Aqueous Eye lens

Light a) b)
humour

Vitreous
c) Optic nerve d)
humour
2. Which structure of the ear, if damaged, will not influence the mechanism of
hearing?

_________________________________________________________________

3. Where is the sensory cell for smell located?

_________________________________________________________________

4. State the five tastes that can be detected by the tongue.

_________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

5. State two factors that influence the sensitivity of the skin to stimuli.

_________________________________________________________________

6. (a) State the type of stimulus that can be detected by the tongue.

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

(b) Explain how the stimulus in question 6 (a) can be detected.

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

2
Formative Practice 1.3
1.3 Stimuli and Responses in Plants

1. (a) What is tropism?

______________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________

(b) State the type of tropism towards the following stimuli:

(i) Touch: ______________________________________________________

(ii) Gravity: _____________________________________________________

(iii) Light: ______________________________________________________

2. (a) Which parts of a plant show:

(i) positive phototropism?

_____________________________________________________________

(ii) positive geotropism?

____________________________________________________________

(iii) positive thigmotropism?

____________________________________________________________

(b) What is the importance of hydrotropism to plants?

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

3. State one similarity and one difference between the responses of tropism and
nastic movement.

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

3
Formative Practice 1.4
1.4 Importance of Responses to Stimuli in Animals

1. State two types of vision of animals.

________________________________________________________________

2. State the factor that determines the type of vision of animals.

________________________________________________________________

3. What is the type of vision of a primary consumer? Give your reasons.

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

4. What is the importance of stereophonic hearing?

_________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

5. In the dark, Azman can determine the location of a mewing cat. Explain how
Azman is able to determine the location of the cat.

_________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________

4
Summative Practice 1
Answer the following questions:

1. Mark ‘√’ the correct statement and ‘X’ the incorrect statement about the human
nervous system.

a) The peripheral nervous system is made up of nerves

connecting the brain with the spinal cord.
b) Without a functioning brain, voluntary actions cannot be carried
out.
c) Playing badminton is an involuntary action.

d) Impulses can only be interpreted by the brain.

2. Figure 1 shows structures P, Q and R of the human nervous system.

P:

Q: R:

Label P, Q and R in Figure 1.

5
3. Figure 2 shows responses A and B of the eye.

(a) State the responses shown in Figure 2.

______________________________________________________________

(b) State the stimuli that cause these responses.

_____________________________________________________________

(c) How do the stimuli cause these responses?

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

(d) These responses protect the eye especially the retina by preventing light of
excessive intensity from entering the eye. During the solar eclipse, explain
why we should observe this event on the water surface in a basin of water.

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

4. In a science class, Azura studies the mechanisms of hearing and sight.

(a) Draw one flow chart that shows the pathway of sound from a source of sound
entering the ear.

6
 (b) Draw one flow chart that shows the pathway of light from an object entering
the eye.

5. Figure 3 shows the structure of the human skin.

Y:

X:

(a) Label X and Y in Figure 3.

(b) Explain why the fingertip and not the palm of the hand is used to detect Braille
symbols.
______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

(c) Mazlan classifies the tongue as skin that possesses taste receptors. Do you
agree with the classification of the tongue as skin? Explain your answer.

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

7
6. (a) What is the importance of the sense of smell when we are in the science
laboratory? Give one example.

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

(b) Why are dogs in police units trained to detect the presence of drugs kept in
bags?

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

7. (a) State two responses in plants that help photosynthesis.

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

(b) How do the two responses of plants in question 7 (a) help photosynthesis?

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

8. (a) Name the type of vision of an eagle.

_____________________________________________________________

(b) What is the importance of the type of vision in question 8 (a) to the survival of
the eagle?
_________________________________________
_________________________________________