Kooltherm FM TM

Project Specification
HVAC & Building Services Pipe Insulation
 Project Specification

CONTENTS
Project Specification
1 General 4
2 Standard References 4
3 Fire Rating of Insulation Materials 5
4 Scope of Works 6
5 Materials 6
6 Insulation Finishes 8
7 Standards & Workmanship 9
8 Identification of Services 9
9 Appendix 1 10
10 Appendix 2 12
11 Appendix 3 13
12 Appendix A 15
13 Appendix B 17
14 Appendix C 19
15 Appendix D 21

2
KoolthermTM FM Pipe Insulation
KoolthermTM FM Pipe Insulation comprises one metre long
sections of KoolthermTM FM Insulation faced with a factory-applied
aluminium foil vapour barrier jacket autohesively bonded to the
insulation core during manufacture.
KoolthermTM FM Pipe Insulation is available in a range of
thicknesses to suit different performance specifications and is
compatible with both standard and non-standard pipe diameters.

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 Project Specification

1 General 2 Standard References

1.1 The subcontractor shall include for the supply, 2.1 British Standards
delivery and installation of materials necessary for BS 476-6: 1989
the thermal insulation of systems described in this Fire tests on building materials and structures.
specification. Method of test for fire propagation for products
1.2 The insulation work shall be carried out by a BS 476-7: 1997
Member of the Thermal Insulation Contractors Fire tests on building materials and structures.
Association. The thermal insulation specialist shall Method of test to determine the classification of the
make themselves fully acquainted with all the site surface spread of flame of products
conditions and programme of works and shall
execute their works within such confines and BS 1387: 1985 (1990)
programme. Reference should be made to BS 5970 Specification for screwed and socketed steel tubes
as appropriate. and tubulars and for plain end steel tubes suitable
for welding or for screwing to BS 21 pipe threads
1.3 The thermal insulation shall not be applied until the
pipework installation has been tested. BS 1710: 1984 (1991)
Specification for identification of pipelines and
1.4 Insulation materials and finishes shall be inherently services
proof against rotting, mould and fungal growth
and attack by vermin, be non–hygroscopic and in all BS 4735: 1974
respects be suitable for continuous use throughout Laboratory method of test for assessment of the
the range of operating temperatures and within the horizontal burning characteristics of specimens no
environment indicated. larger than 150 mm x 50 mm x 13 mm (nominal) of
cellular plastics and cellular rubber materials when
1.5 Any work not of acceptable standard shall be subjected to a small flame
removed and replaced at no cost to the contract.
BS 5422: 2009
1.6 All insulation materials and finishes shall be Method for specifying thermal insulating materials
installed in accordance with the manufacturers for pipes, tanks, vessels, ductwork and equipment
recommendations. operating within the temperature range –40°C
1.7 No insulation material containing CFC or HCFC to +700°C
components shall be accepted. BS 6700: 1997
Specification for design, installation, testing and
maintenance of services supplying water for
domestic use within buildings and their curtilages

BS EN ISO 2286-2: 1998

Rubber or plastics-coated fabrics. Determination
of roll characteristics. Methods for determination
of total mass per unit area, mass per unit area of
coating and mass per unit area of substrate

BS EN ISO 9001: 2000

Quality management systems. Requirements

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2.2 European Standards 2.6 Building Regulations / Standards

EN ISO 9001: 2000 England & Wales
Quality management systems. Requirements The Building Regulations 2000.
Approved Document B 2002 Edition. Appendix A12
2.3 American Standards
ASTM D 1621 Scotland
Standard Test Method for Compressive Properties of The Building Standards (Scotland) Regulations.
Rigid Cellular Plastics Section 2 (Non-Domestic) 2006. 2 E Table

ASTM D 1622 Northern Ireland

Standard Test Method for Apparent Density of Rigid The Building Regulations (Northern Ireland) 2005.
Cellular Plastics Technical Booklet E. Paragraph 2.4

ASTM D 2856 Method B Irish Republic

Standard Test Method for Open-Cell Content of The Building Regulations 2006. Technical Guidance
Rigid Cellular Plastics by the Air Pycnometer Document B. Appendix A. Paragraphs A11 and A12

ASTM C 518
Standard Test Method for Steady-State Thermal
3 Fire Rating of Insulation
Transmission Properties by Means of the Heat Flow Materials
Meter Apparatus 3.1 All insulation materials and facings installed within
2.4 German Standards buildings shall achieve the following standards
when tested to:
DIN 53122
Determination of the water vapour transmission BS 476-6: 1989 – of low contribution to fire growth
rate of plastic film, rubber sheeting, paper, board with fire propagation index of performance (I) not
and other sheet materials by gravimetry exceeding 12 and sub index (i1) not exceeding 6.
2.5 Other References BS 476-7: 1997 – of very low surface spread of
TIMSA Guide flame (Class 1).
TIMSA Domestic & Non-Domestic Heating, Cooling 3.2 Insulation systems which meet the required
and Ventilation Guide combined standards as detailed above are rated
NES Specification Expert Class 0 / Low Risk to the Building Regulations /
Y50 Thermal Insulation Standards.

 efence Estate Organisation Ministry of

D 3.3 Insulation materials, adhesives, sealants and facings
Defence Specification 036: 1997 installed on pipework and equipment external to
Heating, hot and cold water, steam and gas buildings shall be rated as Class 1 when tested to
installations for buildings BS 476-7: 1997.

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 Project Specification

4 Scope of Works 5 Materials

4.1 Pipework Systems 5.1 Pipework Systems up to 110°C
Unless otherwise indicated, the following services 5.1.1 Insulation shall comprise 37 kg/m3 minimum density
shall be thermally insulated and also vapour sealed CFC/HCFC–free rigid phenolic insulation sections
where noted: with zero Ozone Depletion Potential (ODP), one
a. chilled water and refrigeration pipework metre in length with a factory applied fully bonded
insulated and vapour sealed; reinforced aluminium foil vapour barrier jacket.

b. low and medium temperature hot water 5.1.2 The aged thermal conductivity of the insulant shall
insulated to suit temperatures; not exceed 0.021 W/m.K at 10°C mean.
c. hot water services (non-domestic) insulated to 5.1.3 The insulation shall be Class 0 / Low Risk rated
suit temperatures; to the Building Regulations / Standards. The bore
d. cold water services (non-domestic) insulated and face of sections shall be de–dusted and coated
vapour sealed; with a non–odorous passivating solution after
e. steam, condensate and high temperature hot manufacture.
water insulated to suit temperature; and 5.1.4 The insulation shall be rigid phenolic insulation,
f. pipework exposed on roof or other external KoolthermTM FM Pipe Insulation, as manufactured
locations, unless otherwise indicated, insulation by Kingspan Industrial Insulation Limited.
will be as above with weatherproof finish, and App. A1 & A4
in the case of services a and d with electric trace App. E: Figure E1 & E3
heating.
5.1.5 Insulation thickness is to be determined in
4.2 Heat Exchangers, Cylinders and Buffer Tanks accordance with the TIMSA Guide / BS 5422: 2009
Unless otherwise indicated, the following vessels (delete as applicable), from the tables given in
shall be thermally insulated and also vapour sealed App. B of this specification.
where noted: 5.1.6 All pipe support inserts on pipework operating
a. heat exchangers, hot water cylinders and up to 120°C shall be rigid phenolic insulation,
calorifiers insulated to suit temperature; and KoolthermTM Insulated Pipe Support Inserts designed
b. chilled water and cold water buffer tanks in accordance with the tables given in App. D.
insulated and vapour sealed. App. A3 & A4
App. E: Figure E4–E5
4.3 Internal and External Water Storage Tanks
5.2 Pipework Systems above 110°C
All tanks shall be provided pre–insulated and vapour
sealed. 5.2.1 Insulation shall comprise 130 kg/m3 minimum
density mineral fibre pipe sections with factory
4.4 Valves, Flanges and Unions
applied fully bonded reinforced aluminium foil
Unless otherwise indicated, all fittings shall be facing. The thermal conductivity of the insulant shall
insulated to the same thickness and type as not exceed 0.033 W/m.K at 10°C mean.
insulation on adjacent pipework and also vapour App. A12
sealed on services operating below ambient
5.2.2 In kitchens, food preparation areas, food storage
temperatures.
areas or other areas where the use of fibrous
materials is restricted, calcium silicate insulation
shall be used in place of mineral fibre.
App. A14

5.2.3 Insulation thickness is to be determined in

accordance with the TIMSA Guide / BS 5422: 2009
(delete as applicable).

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5.3 Heat Exchangers, Cylinders and Buffer Tanks

up to 80°C
5.3.1 Insulation shall comprise 40 kg/m3 nominal density,
CFC/HCFC–free with zero Ozone Depletion
Potential (ODP) rigid phenolic insulation boards
with an aluminium foil vapour barrier jacket
autohesively bonded to the exposed face and glass
fibre autohesively bonded to the inner face during
manufacture e.g. Kingspan KoolthermTM FM Duct
Insulation or equivalent. All corner and straight
butt joints shall be sealed with 100 mm wide self–
adhesive aluminium foil tape.
App. A5

5.3.2 Insulation thickness is to be determined in

accordance with the TIMSA Guide / BS 5422: 2009
(delete as applicable), from the tables given in
App. B of this specification.

5.4 Heat Exchangers, Cylinders and Buffer Tanks

above 80°C
Insulation shall comprise 75 mm thick, 33 kg/m3
density lamella mineral fibre slabs with a factory
applied reinforced foil facing. All corner and straight
butt joints shall be sealed with 100 mm wide self–
adhesive aluminium foil tape.
App. A13

5.5 Internal and External Water Storage Tanks

When supplied to site uninsulated, insulation shall
comprise 40 mm thick, 40 kg/m3 nominal density
CFC/HCFC-free with zero Ozone Depletion Potential
(ODP), rigid phenolic insulation boards reinforced
with an aluminium foil vapour barrier jacket
autohesively bonded to the exposed face and glass
fibre autohesively bonded to the inner face during
manufacture e.g. Kingspan KoolthermTM FM Duct
Insulation or equivalent. All corner and straight
butt joints shall be sealed with 100 mm wide self–
adhesive aluminium foil tape.
App. A5

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 Project Specification

6 Insulation Finishes
6.1 Service Ducts, Ceiling Voids and Floor Voids 6.3.2 Cladding to hot pipework to be secured with self
tapping screws or ‘pop ’rivets.
 P ipe insulation shall be supplied with a factory applied
reinforced aluminium foil facing, rated as Class 0 / 6.3.3 All flanges and valves in plant rooms shall be fitted
Low Risk to the Building Regulations / Standards. with removable boxes, constructed with 0.7 mm
App. A4 thick aluminium sheeting lined with equivalent
bonded insulation to the same thickness as adjacent

Longitudinal and circumferential butt joints are to be
pipe insulation. Boxes shall be secured with ‘quick
sealed with 50 mm wide self–adhesive aluminium
release’ clips. On below ambient pipework the
foil tape. Support to the sections shall comprise two
vapour barrier shall be maintained by dressing joints
circumferential bands of self–adhesive aluminium
with moisture resistant sealant e.g. Foster 95–44 or
foil tape per section or alternatively 12 mm wide
equivalent.
aluminium strappings with matching seals applied as
(App. A9).
two circumferential bands per section.
App. E: Figure E1 6.4 External (Weather Protection)

6.2 Internal and Exposed to View Specification for pipe insulation will be as detailed in
section 6.1 plus the following weather protection:
Specification for pipe insulation will be as detailed in
section 6.1, plus the following finish: l insulation to be overcoated with two full
applications of Idenden 30–150 vapour barrier
T he pipe insulation shall be wrapped with a
coating (App. A10), with No. 10 Glass Cloth
170 g/m2 canvas membrane with a water based
between coats (App. A8). A solvent based
protective coating, e.g. Idenden ET–10 or equivalent
weatherproof mastic e.g. Foster 60–75 (App.
(App. A6). When fully dried the outer surface of
A11) or equivalent shall be used in damp and
the canvas shall be treated with a second coat in
low temperature conditions; or alternatively
accordance with the manufacturers instructions. It is
essential that the finish is applied to a high standard. l insulation shall have a weatherproof coating
An additional acrylic emulsion paint finish shall be of minimum 0.8 mm thickness polyisobutylene
provided to an approved BS colour if necessary. sheeting bonded to the insulation with,
App. E: Figure E2 minimum 30 mm wide circumferential and
longitudinal lap joints, which shall be fully solvent
6.3 Internal in Plant Rooms or Boiler Houses
welded in accordance with the manufacturers
6.3.1 Specification for pipe insulation will be as detailed instructions.
in section 6.1 plus the following mechanical App. E: Figure E2
protection:

l insulation to be overcoated with two full

applications of Idenden ET–150 coating (App.
A7) with open weave No. 10 Glass Cloth
between coats (App. A8); or alternatively

l insulation to be finished with fabricated sheet

aluminium casings 0.6 mm thick on pipework
up to and including 150 mm diameter and 0.8
mm thick on pipework over 150 mm diameter.
Cladding to pipework operating at temperatures
below ambient, to be secured with aluminium
bands and matching seals at 450 mm centres
and at circumferential joints which shall be
overlapped by a minimum of 40 mm.
App. E: Figure E2

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7 Standards and Workmanship 8 Identification of Services

7.1 Adhesives, sealants and coatings shall be utilised 8.1 The contractor shall include for the identification of
in strict accordance with current recommendations those services both insulated and uninsulated.
of the supplier, particularly in respect of coverage,
8.2 Identification on insulated pipelines shall be by
drying time, service temperature limits and methods
means of BS 1710: 1984 painted non–ferrous
of application.
colour bands, fastened around the insulation.
7.2 All pipework shall be insulated with preformed pipe Directional arrows or other labels denoting flow and
insulation sections with factory applied reinforced return (F & R) where specified, shall be either PVC
aluminium foil finish, rated as Class 0 / Low Risk to adhesive tape or painted symbols as agreed with
the Building Regulations / Standards (App. A4). All the engineer.
joints in the foil jacket shall be sealed with 50 mm
8.3 Colour band identification, and when specified
wide self–adhesive aluminium foil tape.
directional arrows and labels, shall be made at:
7.3 All pipe insulation sections shall be concentric and a. 3 metre centres on exposed pipework;
matched for thickness. No sections having damaged
b. 6 metre centres on concealed pipework; and
ends or edges shall be used.
c. adjacent all valves, changes of direction, inlets
7.4 Insulation for bends and fittings shall be formed and exits to ducts and buildings and at either
from mitred and trimmed pipe insulation sections, side of walls and floors.
cut to ensure that a good contact with the surface
to be insulated is made. 8.4 All arrows used to indicate direction of flow shall be
either black or white to contrast with the colour of
7.5 The insulation shall be neatly trimmed with purpose the insulation finish.
made end caps at pump casings, flange joints,
valves and strainers. 9 Frost Protection
7.6 The aluminium foil facing shall be continuous at 9.1 Where pipework services are located at roof level
junctions with insulated pipe support inserts with or within unheated areas of a building, insulation
joints sealed. thickness is to be determined in accordance with
7.7 Under no circumstances shall pipes be married BS 5422: 2001, from the tables given in App. B:
together with the insulating materials. Table B4 of this specification.

7.8 Care must be taken to ensure the integrity of the 9.2 Insulation alone will not give adequate protection
vapour barrier is maintained on cold water, chilled from frost on static lines subjected to long periods
water and refrigeration pipework. of low temperatures and should be used in
conjunction with electrical tracing.
7.9 Pipework conveying liquids below 10°C shall be
additionally fitted with electrical trace heating for
frost protection.

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 Project Specification

Appendix A1 – Materials, Technical

Data and Information
A1 
KoolthermTM FM 37 kg/m3 rigid phenolic insulation
(CFC/HCFC–free rigid phenolic insulation with zero
Ozone Depletion Potential (ODP) for pipe sections
and radiused and bevelled segments)

A2  oolthermTM FM 60 kg/m3 rigid phenolic insulation

K
(CFC/HCFC–free rigid phenolic insulation with zero
Ozone Depletion Potential (ODP) for pipe sections,
radiused and bevelled segments and insulated pipe
support inserts)

A3 KoolthermTM FM High–Density 80 & 120 kg/m3 rigid

phenolic insulation (CFC/HCFC–free high density
rigid phenolic insulation with zero Ozone Depletion
Potential (ODP) for insulated pipe support inserts)

A4 Aluminium Foil Vapour Barrier Jacket

(Glass fibre reinforced aluminium foil)

A5 Kingspan KoolthermTM FM Duct Insulation (CFC/

HCFC-free rigid phenolic insulation boards with zero
Ozone Depletion Potential (ODP) for the insulation
of heat exchangers, cylinders and buffer tanks up to
80°C and internal and external water storage tanks)

A6 Idenden ET–10
(Protective coating)

A7 Idenden ET–150
(Coating)

A8 No.10 Glass cloth

(Open weave glass fibre reinforcing membrane for
mastics coating and vapour sealants)

A9 Fosters 95–44
(Moisture resistant sealant)

A10 Idenden 30–150

(Vapour barrier coating)

A11 Fosters 60–75

(Solvent based weatherproof mastic)

A12 130 kg/m3 minimum density mineral fibre pipe

sections

A13 33 kg/m3 lamella mineral fibre slabs

A14 Calcium silicate pipe sections

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Appendix A1 – KoolthermTM FM 37 kg/m3 Rigid Phenolic Insulation

(Pipe sections and radiused and bevelled segments)
Description Application
Kooltherm FM 37 kg/m rigid phenolic insulation is CFC/
TM 3 KoolthermTM FM 37 kg/m3 rigid phenolic insulation has
HCFC–free with zero Ozone Depletion Potential (ODP). Its diverse applications especially within the building services
closed cell structure gives the product excellent thermal industry. While it is primarily used for pipe insulation,
properties as well as making it highly resistant to moisture KoolthermTM FM 37 kg/m3 rigid phenolic insulation can
penetration and wicking. also be used for insulating complex shapes such as vessels.
KoolthermTM FM 37 kg/m3 rigid phenolic insulation can Availability
withstand temperatures from -50°C to +110°C. It also has a
l pipe sections and bends;
far superior resistance to burning and spread of flame than
that of any other celluar plastic insulation. The composition l radiused and bevelled segments;
of KoolthermTM FM 37 kg/m3 is such that when subjected
l slabs: standard slab 2400 x 1000 mm;
to fire, the outer surface forms a strong carbonaceous layer
which retards further flame spread and penetration. l standard and non standard pipe sizes; and
Kooltherm FM 37 kg/m rigid phenolic insulation satisfies
TM 3
l single layer, multi layer or rebated joints.
the requirements of the TIMSA Guide and BS 5422: 2001
in addition to other major national specifications, including
NHS CO2, NES Specification Expert Y50, DEO Specification
036 and BS 6700: 1997. KoolthermTM FM 37 kg/m3
rigid phenolic insulation is manufactured under a quality
control system approved to BS EN ISO 9001: 2000 (Quality
management systems. Requirements).

General Physical Properties

Property Test Method Typical Value
Minimum Density (ASTM D 1622) 37 kg/m3
Thermal Conductivity at +10°C Mean Temp (ASTM C 518) 0.025 W/m·K
Colour Pink
Closed Cell Content (ASTM D 2856 Method B) ≥ 90
Compressive Strength at +23°C (ASTM D 1621) Minimum 150 kPa
Operating Temperature Limits Upper Limit +110°C
Lower Limit – 50°C

Fire Test Classifications

KoolthermTM FM rigid phenolic insulation will achieve the results given below which enables it to be classified by the Building Regulations as
being Class 0 and Low Risk by the Building Standards in Scotland.
Property Test Method Typical Result
Reaction to Fire EN 13501–1 BL – s1, d0
Surface Burning Characteristics ASTM E 84 Class A/1
Fire Propagation BS 476–6 Index of performance
(I) not exceeding 12 and
sub index (i1) not exceeding 6
Flame Spread BS 476–7 Class 1*
* These test results combined enable a Class 0 classification to the Building Regulations in England & Wales, Northern Ireland and the
Republic of Ireland, and a Low Risk classification to the Building Standards in Scotland.

Thermal Conductivity Design Values

Mean Temperature Typical Value
Thermal Conductivity +80°C 0.027 W/m.K
+50°C 0.025 W/m.K
+10°C 0.025 W/m.K
0°C 0.021 W/m.K
–10°C 0.021 W/m.K
–20°C 0.021 W/m.K

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 Project Specification

Appendix A2 – KoolthermTM FM 60 kg/m3 Rigid Phenolic Insulation (Pipe

sections, radiused and bevelled segments and insulated pipe support inserts)
Design Application
Kooltherm FM 60 kg/m rigid phenolic insulation is CFC/
TM 3 KoolthermTM FM 60 kg/m3 rigid phenolic insulation has
HCFC–free with zero Ozone Depletion Potential (ODP). Its diverse applications, especially within the building services
closed cell structure gives the product excellent thermal industry. While it is primarily used for pipe insulation,
properties as well as making it highly resistant to moisture KoolthermTM FM 60 kg/m3 rigid phenolic insulation is also
penetration and wicking. ideal for the manufacture of panels.
KoolthermTM FM 60 kg/m3 rigid phenolic insulation can Availability
withstand temperatures from –50°C to +110°C. It also has l pipe sections and bends;
a far superior resistance to burning and spread of flame
than that of any other celluar plastic insulation. l insulated pipe support inserts;
The composition of KoolthermTM FM 60 kg/m3 rigid l radiused and bevelled segments;
phenolic insulation is such that when subjected to fire, the
outer surface forms a strong carbonaceous layer which l slabs: standard slab 2400 x 1000 mm;
retards further flame spread and penetration. l standard and non standard pipe sizes; and
Kooltherm FM 60 kg/m rigid phenolic insulation satisfies
TM 3
l single layer, multi layer or rebated joints.
the requirements of the TIMSA Guide and BS 5422: 2001
in addition to other major national specifications, including
NHS CO2, NES Specification Expert Y50, DEO Specification
036 and BS 6700: 1997. KoolthermTM FM 60 kg/m3
rigid phenolic insulation is manufactured under a quality
control system approved to BS EN ISO 9001: 2000 (Quality
management systems. Requirements).

General Physical Properties

Property Test Method Typical Value
Nominal Density (ASTM D 1622) 60 kg/m3
Thermal Conductivity at +10°C Mean Temp (ASTM C 518) 0.031 W/m·K
Colour Grey
Closed Cell Content (ASTM D 2856 Method B) ≥ 90%
Compressive Strength at +23°C (ASTM D 1621) Minimum 170 kPa
Operating Temperature Limits Upper Limit +110°C
Lower Limit – 50°C

Fire Test Classifications

KoolthermTM FM rigid phenolic insulation will achieve the results given below which enables it to be classified by the Building Regulations as
being Class 0 and Low Risk by the Building Standards in Scotland.
Property Test Method Typical Result
Reaction to Fire EN 13501–1 BL – s1, d0
Surface Burning Characteristics ASTM E 84 Class A/1
Fire Propagation BS 476–6 Index of performance
(I) not exceeding 12 and
sub index (i1) not exceeding 6
Flame Spread BS 476–7 Class 1*
* These test results combined enable a Class 0 classification to the Building Regulations in England & Wales, Northern Ireland and the
Republic of Ireland, and a Low Risk classification to the Building Standards in Scotland.

Thermal Conductivity Design Values

Mean Temperature Typical Value
Thermal Conductivity +10°C 0.025 W/m·K

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Appendix A3 – KoolthermTM FM High Density 80 kg/m3 Rigid Phenolic

Insulation (Insulated pipe support inserts)
Design
KoolthermTM FM 80 kg/m3 High–Density is CFC/HCFC– The availability of KoolthermTM FM High–Density
free rigid phenolic insulation with zero Ozone Depletion 80 kg/m3 rigid phenolic insulation in sizes and thicknesses
Potential (ODP). It has an open cell structure but, because that are compatible with standard pipe sizes and insulation
of its high density, it is resistant to moisture penetration thicknesses means that the specified thickness of insulation
and is non-wicking. It has been developed to provide can be maintained at the pipe support inserts. This
optimum performance with regards to insulation facilitates the installation of a continuous and fully sealed
efficiency, fire resistance, low smoke emission, compressive vapour barrier, which is particularly important on cold and
strength, environment, health, safety and cost. chilled pipework. KoolthermTM FM High–Density 80 kg/m3
KoolthermTM FM High–Density 80 kg/m3 rigid phenolic rigid phenolic insulation is manufactured under a quality
insulation is easily fabricated on site when required. control system approved to BS EN ISO 9001: 2000 (Quality
management systems. Requirements).
Application
KoolthermTM FM High–Density 80 kg/m3 rigid phenolic Availability
insulation is recommended for insulated pipe support KoolthermTM FM High–Density 80 kg/m3 rigid phenolic
inserts and may be used to support mild steel, stainless insulation is available in the following form as standard:
steel, copper and plastic pipework operating within the insulated pipe support inserts.
temperature range of –50°C to +110°C.
KoolthermTM FM High–Density 80 kg/m3 rigid phenolic
insulation designed to be used in pipe hanger brackets and
will support the maximum static compressive loads imposed by
horizontal water filled mild steel pipework. It is not however,
designed to accommodate pipe anchor loads and stresses.

General Physical Properties

Property Test Method Typical Value
Nominal Density (ASTM D 1622) 80 kg/m3
Thermal Conductivity at +10°C Mean Temp (ASTM C 518) 0.036 W/m·K
Colour Grey
Compressive Strength at +23°C (ASTM D 1621) Minimum 340 kPa
Operating Temperature Limits Upper Limit +110°C
Lower Limit – 50°C

Fire Test Classifications

KoolthermTM FM rigid phenolic insulation will achieve the results given below which enables it to be classified by the Building Regulations as
being Class 0 and Low Risk by the Building Standards in Scotland.
Property Test Method Typical Result
Reaction to Fire EN 13501–1 BL – s1, d0
Surface Burning Characteristics ASTM E 84 Class A/1
Fire Propagation BS 476–6 Index of performance
(I) not exceeding 12 and
sub index (i1) not exceeding 6
Flame Spread BS 476–7 Class 1*
* These test results combined enable a Class 0 classification to the Building Regulations in England & Wales, Northern Ireland and the
Republic of Ireland, and a Low Risk classification to the Building Standards in Scotland.

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 Project Specification

Appendix A3 – KoolthermTM FM High Density 120 kg/m3 Rigid Phenolic

Insulation (Insulated pipe support inserts)
Description
KoolthermTM FM High–Density 120 kg/m3 is CFC/ The availability of KoolthermTM FM High–Density 120 kg/m3
HCFC–free rigid phenolic insulation with zero Ozone rigid phenolic insulation in sizes and thicknesses that
Depletion Potential (ODP). It has an open cell structure are compatible with standard pipe sizes and insulation
but, because of its high density, it is resistant to moisture thicknesses means that the specified thickness of insulation
penetration and is non-wicking. It has been developed to can be maintained at the pipe support inserts. This
provide optimum performance with regards to insulation facilitates the installation of a continuous and fully sealed
efficiency, fire resistance, low smoke emission, compressive vapour barrier, which is particularly important on cold and
strength, environment, health, safety and cost. chilled pipework. KoolthermTM FM High–Density 120 kg/m3
KoolthermTM FM High–Density 120 kg/m3 rigid phenolic rigid phenolic insulation is manufactured under a quality
insulation is easily fabricated on site when required. control system approved to BS EN ISO 9001: 2000 (Quality
management systems. Requirements).
Application
KoolthermTM FM High–Density 120 kg/m3 rigid phenolic Availability
insulation is recommended for insulated pipe support KoolthermTM FM High–Density 120 kg/m3 rigid phenolic
inserts and may be used to support mild steel, stainless insulation is available in the following form as standard:
steel, copper and plastic pipework operating within the l insulated pipe support inserts.
temperature range of –50°C to +110°C.
KoolthermTM FM High–Density 120 kg/m3 rigid phenolic
insulation rigid phenolic insulation is designed to be used
in pipe hanger brackets and will support the maximum
static compressive loads imposed by horizontal water
filled mild steel pipework. It is not however, designed to
accommodate pipe anchor loads and stresses.

General Physical Properties

Property Test Method Typical Value
Nominal Density (ASTM D 1622) 120 kg/m3
Thermal Conductivity at +10°C Mean Temp (ASTM C 518) 0.045 W/m·K
Colour Grey
Compressive Strength at +23°C (ASTM D 1621) Minimum 800 kPa
Operating Temperature Limits Upper Limit +110°C
Lower Limit – 50°C

Fire Test Classifications

KoolthermTM FM rigid phenolic insulation will achieve the results given below which enables it to be classified by the Building Regulations as
being Class 0 and Low Risk by the Building Standards in Scotland.
Property Test Method Typical Result
Reaction to Fire EN 13501–1 BL – s1, d0
Surface Burning Characteristics ASTM E 84 Class A/1
Fire Propagation BS 476–6 Index of performance
(I) not exceeding 12 and
sub index (i1) not exceeding 6
Flame Spread BS 476–7 Class 1*
* These test results combined enable a Class 0 classification to the Building Regulations in England & Wales, Northern Ireland and the
Republic of Ireland, and a Low Risk classification to the Building Standards in Scotland.

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Appendix A4 – Aluminium Foil Vapour Barrier Jacket

(Glass fibre reinforced aluminium foil)
Description Application
An extremely durable and puncture resistant aluminium Aluminium Foil Vapour Barrier Jacket is used as a covering
foil laminate with a 5 mm x 5 mm glass scrim and a to prevent the ingress of moisture, dust and dirt into the
LDPE surface coating. It is used as a factory applied, fully insulation that it covers.
adhered vapour barrier jacket on KoolthermTM FM Pipe
Insulation and KoolthermTM Insulated Pipe Support Inserts.
Aluminium Foil Vapour Barrier Jacket is manufactured
under a quality control system approved to
BS EN ISO 9001: 2000 (Quality management systems.
Requirements).

General Physical Properties (Vapour Barrier Jacket)

Property Test Method Unit Typical Value
Weight (EN ISO 536) g/m2 75 – 100
Thickness (EDANA) µm 310+ / –100
Tensile Strength MD/CD *EN 12311–2) N/15 mm > 30 / > 50
Water Vapour Transmission (ASTM F 1249) g/m2.24 h < 0.1
(ASTM E 96) g/m2.24 h 0.01

Fire Test Classifications

The Aluminium Foil Vapour Barrier Jacket bonded to KoolthermTM FM Pipe Insulation and KoolthermTM Insulated Pipe Support Inserts, will
achieve the results given above which enables it to be classified by the Building Regulations as being Class 0 and Low Risk by the Building
Standards in Scotland.
Fire Test Test Method Result
Fire Propagation BS 476-6: 1989 Index of performance
(I) not exceeding 12 and
sub index (i1) not exceeding 6
Surface Spread of Flame BS 476-7: 1997 Class 1

15
 Project Specification

Appendix A5 Appendix A9
Kingspan KoolthermTM FM Duct Insulation Fosters 95–44
CFC/HCFC -free rigid phenolic insulation boards with zero Moisture resistant sealant
Ozone Depletion Potential (ODP) for the insulation of heat Refer to:
exchangers, cylinders and buffer tanks up to 80°C and Temati (UK) Ltd
internal and external water storage tanks Lowmoor Road, Kirkby in Ashfield, Nottingham NG17 7BE
Refer to: Tel: +44 (0) 1623 636 169
Kingspan Insulation Ltd www.fostereurope.com
Pembridge, Leominster, Herefordshire HR6 9LA
Tel: +44 (0) 1544 388 601 Appendix A10
www.kingspaninsulation.co.uk Idenden 30–150
Vapour barrier coating
Appendix A6
Refer to:
Idenden ET–10 Bostik Ltd
Protective coating Common Road, Stafford, Staffs ST16 3EH
Refer to: Tel: +44 (0) 1785 272 727
Bostik Ltd www.evode.co.uk
Common Road, Stafford, Staffs ST16 3EH
Tel: +44 (0) 1785 272 727 Appendix A11
www.evode.co.uk Fosters 95–44
Solvent based weatherproof mastic
Appendix A7
Refer to:
Idenden ET–150 Temati (UK) Ltd
Coating Lowmoor Road, Kirkby in Ashfield, Nottingham NG17 7BE
Refer to: Tel: +44 (0) 1623 636 169
Bostik Ltd www.fostereurope.com
Common Road, Stafford, Staffs ST16 3EH
Tel: +44 (0) 1785 272 727 Appendix A12
www.evode.co.uk 130 kg/m3 minimum density mineral fibre pipe sections

Appendix A8 Refer to:

Local mineral fibre manufacturer
No.10 Glass Cloth
Open weave glass fibre reinforcing membrane for mastics, Appendix A13
coatings and vapour sealants
75 mm, 33 kg/m3 lamella mineral fibre slabs
Refer to:
Local insulation distributor Refer to:
Local mineral fibre manufacturer

Appendix A14
Calcium silicate pipe sections

Refer to:
Local calcium silicate manufacturer

16
­

Appendix B – Thickness Tables to the TIMSA Guide & BS 5422: 2009

Water at 60°C Water at 75°C
Steel Pipe Size KoolthermTM FM max. heat loss KoolthermTM FM max. heat loss
NB NB OD ε=0.05 ε=0.9 ε=0.05 ε=0.9
(inches) (mm) (mm) silver black (W/m) silver black (W/m)
3/8
10 17.2 15 15 6.60 15 15 8.90
1/2
15 21.3 15 20 7.13 15 20 9.28
3/4 20 26.9 15 20 7.83 20 20 10.06
1 25 33.7 20 20 8.62 20 20 11.07
11/4 32 42.4 20 20 9.72 20 25 12.30
11/2 40 48.3 20 25 10.21 25 25 12.94
2 50 60.3 20 25 11.57 25 25 14.45
21/2 65 76.1 25 25 13.09 25 30 16.35
3 80 88.9 25 25 14.58 25 30 17.91
4 100 114.3 25 30 17.20 30 30 20.77
5 125 139.7 25 30 19.65 30 35 23.71
6 150 168.3 25 30 22.31 30 35 26.89
8 200 219.1 30 30 27.52 30 35 32.54
10 250 273.0 30 30 32.40 35 35 38.83
Estimated Mean Temperature of Insulation: +50°C
Ambient Air Temperature: +15°C
Surface Emissivity e (Outer Surface): 0.05 / 0.9
Assumed Thermal Conductivity (k–value) of KoolthermTM FM 37kg/m3 Insulation: 0.025 W/m.K

Table 1: Indicative Thickness (mm) of Insulation for Non-Domestic Hot Water (60°C) and Low Temperature Heating Service Areas
(75°C) to Control Heat Loss
(Based on Non-domestic Building Services Compliance Guide: 2013 Edition, Section 11; TIMSA HVAC Guide Sections 6.2.1 & 6.2.2;
and BS 5422:2009 Tables 15 & 18)

17
 Project Specification

Appendix B - Insulation Thickness Table to Control Heat Loss:

ECA & Y50 Enhanced
Water at 60°C Water at 75°C
Steel Pipe Size KoolthermTM FM max. heat loss KoolthermTM FM max. heat loss
NB NB OD ε=0.05 ε=0.9 ε=0.05 ε=0.9
(inches) (mm) (mm) silver black (W/m) silver black (W/m)
3/8 10 17.2 15 20 6.04 20 20 7.78
1/2 15 21.3 20 20 6.45 20 20 8.42
3/4 20 26.9 20 25 7.00 20 25 9.05
1 25 33.7 25 25 7.71 25 25 9.86
11/4 32 42.4 25 25 8.46 25 30 10.83
11/2 40 48.3 25 30 9.01 30 30 11.42
2 50 60.3 30 30 9.94 30 35 12.61
21/2 65 76.1 30 30 11.25 35 35 14.12
3 80 88.9 30 35 12.17 35 35 15.28
4 100 114.3 35 35 14.29 35 40 17.51
5 125 139.7 35 40 16.09 40 40 19.72
6 150 168.3 35 40 18.24 40 45 22.34
8 200 219.1 35 40 22.06 40 45 26.61
10 250 273.0 40 40 25.95 45 50 30.91
Estimated Mean Temperature of Insulation: +50°C
Ambient Air Temperature: +15°C
Surface Emissivity ε (Outer Surface): 0.05 / 0.9
Assumed Thermal Conductivity (k–value) of KoolthermTM FM 37kg/m3 Insulation: 0.025 W/m.K

Table 2: Indicative Thickness (mm) of Insulation for Non-Domestic Hot Water (60°C) and Low Temperature Heating Service Areas
(75°C) to Control Heat Loss
(Based on NES Y50 Enhanced and Enhanced Capital Allowance thickness tables)

18
­

Appendix B – Thickness Table to Control Heat Gain & Control

Condensation
Water at 0°C Water at 5°C Water at 10°C
max max max
Steel Pipe Size KoolthermTM FM heat gain KoolthermTM FM heat gain KoolthermTM FM heat gain
NB NB OD ε=0.05 ε=0.9 ε=0.05 ε=0.9 ε=0.05 ε=0.9
(inches) (mm) (mm) silver black (W/m) silver black (W/m) silver black (W/m)
3/8 10 17.2 25 20 3.45 20 15 2.97 15 15 2.48

1/2 15 21.3 25 20 3.81 20 15 3.27 15 15 2.72

3/4 20 26.9 25 20 4.18 20 20 3.58 15 15 3.05

1 25 33.7 30 20 4.60 25 20 4.01 20 15 3.41

11/4 32 42.4 30 25 5.11 25 20 4.53 20 15 3.86
11/2 40 48.3 30 25 5.45 25 20 4.82 20 20 4.11
2 50 60.3 35 25 6.17 25 25 5.48 20 20 4.78
21/2 65 76.1 35 30 6.70 30 25 6.30 20 20 5.51
3 80 88.9 40 30 7.77 30 25 6.90 20 20 6.17
4 100 114.3 40 30 9.15 35 25 8.31 25 20 7.28
5 125 139.7 45 30 10.45 35 25 9.49 25 20 8.52
6 150 168.3 45 30 11.86 35 25 10.97 25 20 9.89
8 200 219.1 50 35 14.61 40 30 13.57 30 20 12.27
10 250 273.0 50 35 17.48 40 30 16.28 30 25 14.74
12 300 323.9 55 35 17.48* 40 30 16.28* 30 25 14.74*
14 350 355.6 55 35 17.48* 45 30 16.28* 30 25 14.74*
16 400 406.4 55 35 17.48* 45 30 16.28* 30 25 14.74*
18 450 457.0 60 35 17.48* 45 30 16.28* 35 25 14.74*
20 500 508.0 60 35 17.48* 45 30 16.28* 35 25 14.74*
24 600 610.0 65 35 17.48* 50 30 16.28* 35 25 14.74*
Ambient Air Temperature: +25°C
Relative Humidity: 80%
Surface Emissivity ε (Outer Surface): 0.05 / 0.9
Assumed Thermal Conductivity (k–value) of KoolthermTM FM 37kg/m3 Insulation: 0.025 W/m.K

Table 3: Indicative Thickness (mm) of Insulation required for cold and chilled water supplies to control heat gain and control
condensation
*For pipes and vessels of diameter greater than 273mm, the items shall be assumed to be 273mm for calculation purposes
(Based on Non-domestic Building Services Compliance Guide: 2013 Edition, Section 11; TIMSA HVAC Guide Sections 6.2.3 & 7.2;
and BS 5422:2009, Tables 6, 8, 10 & 11)

19
 Project Specification

Appendix B - Insulation Thickness Table to Protect Against Freezing

Steel Pipe Size Pipe Location
NB NB OD ID
(inches) (mm) (mm) (mm) Indoor Outdoor
½ 15 21.3 16.0 30 75
¾ 20 26.9 21.6 15 30
1 25 33.7 27.2 15 20
1¼ 32 42.4 35.9 15 15
1½ 40 48.3 41.8 15 15
2 50 60.3 53.0 15 15
2½ 65 76.1 68.8 15 15
3 80 88.9 80.8 15 15

Copper Pipe Size Pipe Location

NB ID
(mm) (mm) Indoor Outdoor
15 13.6 35 130
22 20.2 15 20
28 26.2 15 20
35 32.6 15 15
42 39.6 15 15
54 51.6 15 15
76.1 73.1 15 15
108 105.0 15 15
Ambient Air Temperature – Indoor: –6°C
Ambient Air Temperature – Outdoor: –10°C
Initial Water Temperature: +2°C
Evaluation Period: 12 hours
Permitted Ice Formation: 50%
Assumed Thermal Conductivity (k–value) of Insulation:
KoolthermTM FM 0.025 W/m.K

Table 4: Minimum Thickness (mm) of Insulation required to give protection against freezing under specified commercial and
institutional conditions
(based on BS 5422:2009 Table 29)

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­

Appendix C – KoolthermTM Insulated Pipe Support Inserts – Design Data

KoolthermTM FM Insulated Pipe Support Inserts (App. five. They are designed to support the maximum static
E: Figure E4) are available to suit a full range of pipe compressive loads imposed by horizontal water filled mild
diameters and in a full range of insulation thicknesses as steel (BS 1387: 1985 (1990) - heavy grade) and copper
shown in the following table, however, special sizes are pipework with hanger supports spaced at the maximum
available on request. Load bearing calculations for the centres shown below.
standard range of KoolthermTM Insulated Pipe Support
KoolthermTM Insulated Pipe Support Inserts are not designed
Inserts are based on the minimum compressive strength
to accommodate pipe anchor loads and stresses.
of the relevant density of rigid phenolic insulation (i.e.
For pipework supported on roller supports the modified
perpendicular to rise) and include a safety factor of
design, which is shown in App. E: Figure E5, should be used.

Steel Pipe

Steel Pipe Size KoolthermTM Insulated Pipe Support Inserts

DN DN OD Length Max. Load Spreader Plate Support Distance Density
(in) (mm) (mm) (mm) (kg) (mm) (m) (kg/m3)
1/2  15  21.3  99   12 none 3  60
3/4  20  26.9  99   15 none 3  60
1  25  33.7  99   19 none 3  60
11/4  32  42.4  99   23 none 3  60
11/2  40  48.3  99   27 1.0 4  60
2  50  60.3  99   33 1.0 4  60
21/2  65  76.1  99   62 1.0 4  80
3  80  88.9  99   73 1.0 4  80
4 100 114.3  99   94 1.0 4  80
5 125 139.7  99  115 1.0 6  80
6 150 168.3 124  410 1.5 6 120
8 200 219.1 124  534 1.5 6 120
10 250 273.0 124  666 1.5 6 120
12 300 323.9 200 1265 2.0 4 120
14 350 355.6 200 1389 2.0 4 120
16 400 406.4 200 1585 2.0 4 120
18 450 457.0 200 1784 2.0 4 120
Values given are based upon KoolthermTM insulated pipe support inserts with an integral metal spreader plate.

Copper Pipe

Steel Pipe Size KoolthermTM Insulated Pipe Support Inserts

DN DN OD Length Max. Load Spreader Plate Support Distance Density
(in) (mm) (mm) (mm) (kg) (mm) (m) (kg/m3)
– – 15 99  9 none 3 60
– – 22 99 12 none 3 60
– – 28 99 15 none 3 60
– – 35 99 19 none 3 60
– – 42 99 23 none 3 60
– – 54 99 30 1.0 4 60
– – 67 99 45 1.0 4 60
– – 76 99 62 1.0 4 80

Values given are based upon KoolthermTM insulated pipe support inserts with an integral metal spreader plate.

21
 Project Specification

Appendix D – Installation / Finishing Details

E1 Application of KoolthermTM FM Pipe Insulation

E2 Additional Finishes Available for Protection of

KoolthermTM FM Pipe Insulation

E3 KoolthermTM FM Preformed Bends are Available as

an Alternative to Mitred Sections

E4 KoolthermTM Insulated Pipe Support Inserts

E5 KoolthermTM Insulated Pipe Support Inserts – Special

Design for Point Loads

22
 1 metre pipe section

2 x 12 mm wide aluminium strappings with

matching seals or 2 lengths of 50 mm wide m
0m
self–adhesive aluminium foil tape equally 30
spaced from pipe section joints
mm
00
10

m
0m
30

Radial and longitudinal joints sealed with

50 mm wide self–adhesive aluminium foil tape

Figure E1:  Application of KoolthermTM FM Pipe Insulation

50 mm wide self–adhesive
aluminium foil tape

Reinforced aluminium
foil vapour barrier jacket

Second coat

Reinforcing membrane

First coat

First Coat Membrane Second Coat

Internal & Exposed to View No coat under canvas Canvas Two coats of Idenden ET–10
see Specification section 6.2
Internal in Plant Rooms Idenden ET–150 Coating No.10 Glass Cloth Idenden ET–150 Coating
or Boiler Houses or fabricated sheet aluminium casings 0.6 mm thick on pipework up to and including 150 mm and 0.8 mm thick
see Specification section 6.3 on pipework over 150 mm diameter
External (Weather Protection) Idenden 30–150 Coating No.10 Glass Cloth Idenden 30–150 Coating or Foster 60–75*
see Specification section 6.4 or 0.8 mm (min) polyisobutylene sheeting with minimum 30 mm wide circumferential and longitudinal lap joints fully
solvent welded
*in damp or low temperature conditions

Figure E2:  Additional Finishes Available for Protection of KoolthermTM FM Pipe Insulation

23
 Project Specification

Preformed bend

Joints sealed with 50

mm wide self–adhesive
aluminium foil tape

Figure E3:  KoolthermTM FM Preformed Bends are available as an Alternative to Mitred Sections

Pipe hanger

Self–sealing overlap

Integral metal spreader plate

(depending upon pipe size)

Figure E4:  KoolthermTM Insulated Pipe Support Inserts

24
 15 mm 15 mm
25 mm min. 25 mm min.

Side Elevation

Metal
bands

Self–sealing
overlap

Allow for pipe movement

Wear plate
supplied loose
with bands*

End Elevation

Metal casings Reinforced aluminium foil vapour

(saddles) bonded to barrier factory bonded over the
foam each half metal casings
Metal band

Self–sealing overlap
Wear plate supplied
loose with bands*

*not supplied by Kingspan Tarec

Industrial Insulation Ltd.

Figure E5: KoolthermTM Insulated Pipe Support Inserts – Special Design for Point Loads

25
 The rest of Europe (excluding Turkey, Malta & Cyprus)
UK, Ireland & Gibraltar and Russia
Kingspan Industrial Insulation Ltd Kingspan Insulation N.V.
Pembridge, Leominster, Herefordshire, HR6 9LA, United Kingdom Visbeekstraat 24
General Enquiries Tel: +44 (0) 1544 388 601 B - 2300 Turnhout, Belgium
Technical Advice Tel: 0808 168 7363 or +44 (0) 1457 890534 Tel: +32 14 44 25 25

Australasia, Oceania and SE Asia as far west and north as, Everywhere else excluding Canada, USA, Mexico, Bermuda,
and including, Myanmar, China, Mongolia, Japan the Cayman Islands, Puerto Rico & St Pierre and Miquelon
Kingspan Insulation Pty Ltd PAL Middle East PIR LLC
266 Beringarra Ave, Malaga, WA 6090, Australia P.O. Box 113826, Dubai Investment Park 2, Dubai, U.A.E.
Tel: 1300 247 235 (for calls within Australia only) Tel: +971 4 889 1000
Tel: +61 8 6240 6200 (for calls outside of Australia)

www.kingspaninsulation.com
TM Kingspan, Kooltherm and the Lion Device are Trademarks of the Kingspan Group plc.
Kingspan reserves the right to amend product specifications without prior notice. All information, technical details and fixing instructions etc. included in this literature are given in good faith
and apply to uses described. Recommendations for use should be verified as to the suitability and compliance with actual requirements, specifications and any applicable laws and regulations.
For other applications or conditions of use, Kingspan offers a free Technical Advisory Service the advice of which should be sought for uses of Kingspan products that are not specifically
described herein. Please check that your copy of the literature is current by contacting the Marketing Department.
Published May 2015